CN113183704B - Intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and comfort matching method - Google Patents

Intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and comfort matching method Download PDF

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CN113183704B
CN113183704B CN202110399233.3A CN202110399233A CN113183704B CN 113183704 B CN113183704 B CN 113183704B CN 202110399233 A CN202110399233 A CN 202110399233A CN 113183704 B CN113183704 B CN 113183704B
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end plate
rear axle
suspension system
swing arm
axle suspension
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CN113183704A (en
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纪秀业
侯献晓
周瑾
许克峰
杨建园
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G13/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/12—Wound spring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and a comfort matching method, belonging to the technical field of unmanned intelligent vehicles, and comprising an integrated swing arm, wherein the integrated swing arm comprises a right end plate, one end of the right end plate is hinged with a vehicle body, a left end plate and a lower swing arm, the other end of the left end plate is rotatably connected with wheels, and the lower swing arm is connected between the right end plate and the left end plate; one end of the shock absorber is hinged with the lower swing arm, the other end of the shock absorber is hinged with the vehicle body, and the axis of the shock absorber is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel and is obliquely arranged relative to the ground plane; the elastic bearing part comprises a variable-stiffness spiral spring and a rubber limiting block, the variable-stiffness spiral spring is fixedly connected between the lower swing arm and the automobile body, and the rubber limiting block is positioned in the variable-stiffness spiral spring and is fixedly connected with the lower swing arm. The rear axle suspension system is simple and compact in structure, low in cost, free of occupying too much space of a carriage, beneficial to maximum arrangement of a battery and capable of improving the endurance mileage of a vehicle.

Description

Intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and comfort matching method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of unmanned intelligent automobiles, in particular to an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and a comfort matching method.
Background
The ferry vehicle is a unique channel connecting a waiting hall and a remote airplane in an airport and is a passing tool for passengers to pass from the waiting hall to the remote airplane; in cities, railway stations and coach terminals are dry docks, and the "car" connecting the two docks is a ferry car.
Therefore, the urban ferry vehicle is a public transport means applied to cities and using new energy vehicles to carry out short-distance connection, is a subsystem of an urban public transport system, and is an extension of large buses. The urban ferry vehicle adopts a low-speed, green, energy-saving and environment-friendly electric vehicle, is a slow traffic mode, and at present, the unmanned technology is developed rapidly, gradually enters the lives of people, and is particularly further developed in the field of ferry vehicles, so that the electric unmanned ferry vehicle is convenient for the lives of people.
The urban ferry vehicle does not need complex working conditions, the vehicle speed is generally not more than 40Km/h, and the road condition is only a B-level road surface or an impact road surface of a crossing deceleration strip. The urban ferry vehicle particularly focuses on riding comfort performance, and is low in cost and compact in arrangement in order to reduce development cost and improve economic benefit, comfort suspensions under different loads can be improved, and meanwhile, the maximum arrangement of batteries can be met.
In the related art, a rear axle suspension system of an urban ferry vehicle generally adopts a non-independent suspension structure or an independent suspension structure. The non-independent suspension structure is characterized in that wheels on two sides are connected by an integral frame, and the wheels and an axle are mounted below the frame or the vehicle body through an elastic suspension, so that the non-independent suspension structure is simple in structure and large in bearing capacity. However, when one side of the wheels jumps, the other side of the wheels is affected, the operation stability and the comfort of the wheels are poor, and the wheels are mainly used for trucks, common passenger cars and other special vehicles.
The independent suspension structure is characterized in that wheels on each side are independently installed below a frame or a vehicle body through the elastic suspension, and the axle is divided into two sections, so that when the wheels on one side jump, the wheels on the other side are not affected, the vibration of the vehicle body is greatly reduced, and the riding comfort is greatly improved. However, such a suspension structure is complicated in construction, occupies a lot of space in a vehicle, and is low in bearing capacity, high in cost and inconvenient to maintain.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and a comfort matching method, and aims to solve the problems that in the related art, the rear axle suspension system of an urban ferry vehicle is complex in structure, high in cost and poor in riding comfort.
The embodiment of the present application provides in a first aspect an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system, includes:
the integrated swing arm comprises a right end plate, a left end plate and a lower swing arm, wherein one end of the right end plate is hinged with the vehicle body, the other end of the left end plate is rotatably connected with the vehicle wheel, and the lower swing arm is connected between the right end plate and the left end plate;
one end of the shock absorber is hinged with the lower swing arm, the other end of the shock absorber is hinged with the vehicle body, and the axis of the shock absorber is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel and is obliquely arranged relative to the ground plane;
the elastic bearing part comprises a variable-stiffness spiral spring and a rubber limiting block, the variable-stiffness spiral spring is fixedly connected between the lower swing arm and the automobile body, and the rubber limiting block is located in the variable-stiffness spiral spring and fixedly connected with the lower swing arm.
In some embodiments: the lower swing arm is of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, the right end plate and the left end plate are both vertically connected with the lower swing arm, and the right end plate, the left end plate and the lower swing arm form an Contraband-shaped structure;
the right end plate, the left end plate and the lower swing arm are all provided with stiffening ribs, and the right end plate, the left end plate, the lower swing arm and the stiffening ribs are integrally cast and formed by aluminum alloy.
In some embodiments: the top of the right end plate is provided with a mounting lifting lug hinged with the vehicle body, a hinge hole is formed in the mounting lifting lug, the axis of the hinge hole is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel, and the mounting lifting lug is connected with the vehicle body after penetrating into the hinge hole through a bolt.
In some embodiments: the automobile hub bearing is fixedly connected with the left end plate through the mounting holes.
In some embodiments: the top of the lower swing arm is provided with a mounting bracket hinged with the shock absorber, and the mounting bracket is positioned at one side close to the left end plate;
the mounting bracket is provided with a mounting hole connected with the shock absorber, and one end of the shock absorber is rotatably connected with the mounting bracket through a bushing and a bolt.
In some embodiments: the inclination angle of the shock absorber relative to the ground level is 42-48 degrees, and the shock absorber inclines towards the head direction of the vehicle body.
In some embodiments: the top of lower swing arm is equipped with the installation groove of installation become rigidity coil spring, the installation groove with become rigidity coil spring and be located and be close one side of right-hand member board.
In some embodiments: the variable-stiffness spiral spring is a spiral compression spring with the same outer diameter and the same wire diameter, and the pitch is gradually increased from bottom to top.
In some embodiments: the lower end of the rubber limiting block is integrally vulcanized with the lower swing arm, and the outer diameter of the rubber limiting block is smaller than the inner diameter of the variable-stiffness spiral spring;
the height of the rubber limiting block is smaller than that of the variable-stiffness spiral spring in a free state and larger than that of the variable-stiffness spiral spring in a pressing process.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a comfort matching method for a rear axle suspension system of a smart vehicle, where the method uses the rear axle suspension system of the smart vehicle described in any one of the above, and the method includes the following steps:
defining a rear axle suspension system offset frequency fn, wherein the rear axle suspension system offset frequency fn is more than or equal to 0.9Hz and less than or equal to fn and less than or equal to 1.6Hz and is used as an offset frequency target of the rear axle suspension system of the intelligent vehicle;
calculating the rigidity Kw of the rear axle suspension system, and calculating the rigidity Kw of the rear axle suspension system under the condition that the sprung mass m is known according to a calculation formula of the offset frequency fn of the rear axle suspension system;
matching the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spiral spring, establishing an adams dynamic model according to the rear axle suspension system, and performing reverse thrust to calculate the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spiral spring in a state of servicing load;
the damping force of the shock absorber is matched, different damping forces of the shock absorber are adapted according to different rigidities Kw of a rear axle suspension system, and the damping forces of the shock absorber comprise rebound damping force FreboundAnd a compressive damping force FcompressionSaid Frebound＝3Fcompression；
Matching the rigidity of the rubber limiting block, matching the mechanical characteristic numerical value of the rubber limiting block according to an exponential function increasing mode according to the stroke limit of a rear axle suspension system, and outputting a rigidity curve of the rubber limiting block after calculation of an adams dynamic model;
modeling the complete vehicle adams dynamic model, finishing the simulation output of the acceleration of the complete vehicle body by using the adams dynamic model, and evaluating and judging the comfort performance according to a national standard vehicle ride comfort test method.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
the embodiment of the application provides an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and a comfort matching method, and the intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system is provided with an integrated swing arm, wherein the integrated swing arm comprises a right end plate, one end of the right end plate is hinged with a vehicle body, a left end plate and a lower swing arm, the other end of the left end plate is rotatably connected with wheels, and the lower swing arm is connected between the right end plate and the left end plate; one end of the shock absorber is hinged with the lower swing arm, the other end of the shock absorber is hinged with the vehicle body, and the axis of the shock absorber is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel and is obliquely arranged relative to the ground plane; the elastic bearing part comprises a variable-stiffness spiral spring and a rubber limiting block, the variable-stiffness spiral spring is fixedly connected between the lower swing arm and the automobile body, and the rubber limiting block is positioned in the variable-stiffness spiral spring and is fixedly connected with the lower swing arm.
Therefore, the intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system is adapted to a low-speed vehicle pursuing stability and comfort, and the problem of bearing and vibration damping connection between wheels and a vehicle body can be solved by adopting the integrated swing arm, the vibration damper and the elastic pressure bearing part. The rear axle suspension system has the advantages that stabilizer bars and wheel-side joint heads are not used, the number of swing arms is reduced, the rear axle suspension system is simple and compact in structure and low in cost, excessive space of a carriage is not occupied, the maximum arrangement of batteries is facilitated, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is improved. The axis of shock absorber is perpendicular and for the plane of the wheel be slope setting, and the guarantee shock absorber is to the vertical buffering filter effect and the guide effect of assaulting of vehicle, can effectively alleviate vertical and vertical impact, guarantees vehicle travelling comfort and stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the structure of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated vehicle body and wheel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated swing arm according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1. integrating swing arms; 2. a shock absorber; 3. a variable rate coil spring; 4. a rubber stopper; 5. a vehicle body; 6. a wheel; 11. a right end plate; 12. a left end plate; 13. a lower swing arm; 14. mounting a lifting lug; 15. a hinge hole; 16. a stiffening rib; 17. mounting a bracket; 18. and (4) mounting the groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and a comfort matching method, and can solve the problems that in the related technology, the rear axle suspension system of an urban ferry vehicle is complex in structure, high in cost and poor in riding comfort.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a smart vehicle rear axle suspension system, including:
the integrated swing arm 1 comprises a right end plate 11 with one end hinged with the vehicle body 5, a left end plate 12 with the other end rotatably connected with the vehicle wheel 6, and a lower swing arm 13 connected between the right end plate 11 and the left end plate 12. The integrated swing arm 1 rotates up and down around the hinge point of the right end plate 11 and the vehicle body 5.
The integrated swing arm 1 is provided with a left integrated swing arm and a right integrated swing arm, and the left integrated swing arm and the right integrated swing arm 1 are mutually independent and symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body 5. The integrated swing arm 1 positioned on the left side is hinged with the vehicle body 5 through a right end plate 11 and is rotationally connected with the wheel 6 on the left side through a left end plate 12; the integrated swing arm 1 on the right side is hinged with the vehicle body 5 through a right end plate 11 and is rotationally connected with the wheel 6 on the right side through a left end plate 12.
The shock absorber 2 is preferably a double-tube shock absorber, one end of the shock absorber 2 is hinged to the lower swing arm 13, the other end of the shock absorber 2 is hinged to the vehicle body 5, and the axis of the shock absorber 2 is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel and is arranged obliquely relative to the ground plane. The inclination angle of the shock absorber 2 with respect to the ground level is 42 to 48 degrees, the inclination angle of the shock absorber 2 with respect to the ground level is further preferably 45 degrees, and the shock absorber 2 is inclined toward the front of the vehicle body 5.
The inclined angle of the shock absorber 2 relative to the ground plane is preferably 45 degrees, so that the buffer filtering effect and the guiding effect of the shock absorber 2 on the longitudinal impact of the vehicle are guaranteed; compare the shock absorber of only vertical buffering among the prior art, vertical and vertical impact can effectively be alleviated to this shock absorber 2's arrangement mode, guarantees vehicle travelling comfort and stability.
The elastic bearing part comprises a variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 and a rubber limiting block 4, the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 is fixedly connected between the lower swing arm 13 and the vehicle body 5, and the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 enables the integrated swing arm 1 and the vehicle body to be in elastic connection, bears and transmits vertical load and relieves and inhibits impact caused by uneven road surfaces. The variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 can change the spring stiffness according to the vehicle body bearing weight so as to meet the riding comfort of passengers when different vehicle body bearing weights are adopted.
The rubber limiting block 4 is located in the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 and fixedly connected with the lower swing arm 13, elastic connection is not established between the rubber limiting block 4 and the automobile body 5 under normal conditions, and when the bearing weight of the automobile body exceeds the limit stiffness of the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3, the elastic connection is established between the rubber limiting block 4 and the automobile body 5 so as to prevent the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 from pressing and elastically supporting the automobile body 5 and ensure the riding comfort of passengers.
The intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system of the embodiment of the application is adapted to a low-speed vehicle pursuing stability and comfort, and the problems of bearing and vibration damping connection of the wheels 6 and the vehicle body 5 can be solved by integrating the swing arm 1, the vibration damper 2 and the elastic pressure bearing part. This rear axle suspension system does not use stabilizer bar, wheel limit joint head, has reduced the use quantity of swing arm for rear axle suspension system simple structure, compactness, it is with low costs, and do not occupy the too much space in carriage, be of value to the maximize of battery and arrange, improve the continuation of the journey mileage of vehicle.
The axis of shock absorber 2 is perpendicular and for the plane slope setting with the axis of wheel 6, and guarantee shock absorber 2 is to the vertical buffering filter effect and the guide effect of assaulting of vehicle, can effectively alleviate vertical and vertical impact, guarantees vehicle travelling comfort and stability. The variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 of the elastic pressure bearing part can change the stiffness of the spring according to the load weight of the automobile body so as to meet the riding comfort of passengers when different automobile bodies bear the weight.
The rubber limiting block 4 of the elastic bearing part is not in elastic connection with the vehicle body 5 under normal conditions, and when the load-bearing weight of the vehicle body exceeds the limit rigidity of the variable-rigidity spiral spring 3, the rubber limiting block 4 is in elastic connection with the vehicle body 5 so as to prevent the variable-rigidity spiral spring 3 from pressing and elastically supporting the vehicle body 5, and further guarantee the riding comfort of passengers.
In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 5, the embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system, a lower swing arm 13 of the rear axle suspension system is a rectangular plate-shaped structure, and the size of the lower swing arm 13 can be specifically set according to a specific vehicle type. The right end plate 11 and the left end plate 12 are both vertically connected with the lower swing arm 13, and the right end plate 11, the left end plate 12 and the lower swing arm 13 form an Contraband-shaped structure.
In order to improve the structural strength of the integrated swing arm 1, stiffening ribs 16 are arranged at the joints of the right end plate 11, the left end plate 12 and the lower swing arm 13, the stiffening ribs 16 are in a right-angle isosceles triangle structure, and the right end plate 11, the left end plate 12, the lower swing arm 13 and the stiffening ribs 16 are in an aluminum alloy integral casting structure.
Integrated swing arm 1 is as the rigid connection structure of wheel 6 and automobile body 5, and integrated swing arm 1 is whole to be accomplished by aluminum alloy casting processing, forms rectangular type swing arm, can be when receiving lateral force and vertical force better guarantee wheel 6's stability, improves the vehicle security of traveling.
In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 and 5, an installation lug 14 hinged to a vehicle body 5 is arranged at the top of a right end plate 11 of the rear axle suspension system, a hinge hole 15 is formed in the installation lug 14, the axis of the hinge hole 15 is perpendicular to the axis of a wheel 6, and the installation lug 14 is rotatably connected with the vehicle body 5 after penetrating through the hinge hole 15 through a bolt. Bushings are provided between the bolts and the vehicle body 5 to cushion and suppress vibrations generated by the wheels 6.
In order to be convenient for assemble with wheel 6, set up a plurality of mounting holes on left end plate 12, left end plate 12 rotates with wheel 6 through automobile wheel hub bearing (not drawn in the figure) and is connected, and automobile wheel hub bearing passes through mounting hole and left end plate 12 fixed connection.
In order to facilitate the assembly of the shock absorber 2, a mounting bracket 17 hinged with the shock absorber 2 is arranged at the top of the lower swing arm 13, and the mounting bracket 17 is positioned at one side close to the left end plate 12 so as to quickly relieve the longitudinal and vertical impact of the vehicle body 5 and ensure the comfort and stability of the vehicle.
The mounting bracket 17 is provided with a mounting hole for connecting the shock absorber 2, one end of the shock absorber 2 is rotatably connected with the mounting bracket 17 through a bush and a bolt, and the other end of the shock absorber 2 is rotatably connected with the vehicle body 5 through a bush and a bolt.
In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 and 5, the embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system, and a mounting groove 18 for mounting a variable stiffness coil spring 3 is formed at the top of a lower swing arm 13 of the rear axle suspension system, the mounting groove 18 functions to fix the variable stiffness coil spring 3, and the mounting groove 18 and the variable stiffness coil spring 3 are located at one side close to a right end plate 11.
The variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 is a spiral compression spring with the same outer diameter and the same wire diameter, and the pitch is gradually increased from bottom to top. The variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 can change the spring stiffness according to the vehicle body bearing weight so as to meet the riding comfort of passengers when different vehicle body bearing weights are adopted. The specific calculation parameters of the variable-stiffness coil spring 3 are determined according to the design of a specific vehicle type.
In order to ensure that the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 can still meet the requirement of riding comfort under the condition that the variable-stiffness spiral spring reaches the ultimate stiffness, the top of the lower swing arm 13 is provided with a rubber limiting block 4, the lower end of the rubber limiting block 4 and the lower swing arm 13 are vulcanized and connected into a whole, the rubber limiting block 4 is positioned in the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3, and the outer diameter of the rubber limiting block 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3.
The height of the rubber limiting block 4 is smaller than that of the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 in a free state and larger than that of the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 when the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 presses, so that elastic connection is not established between the rubber limiting block 4 and the vehicle body 5 under a normal condition, and when the bearing weight of the vehicle body exceeds the limit stiffness of the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3, the elastic connection is established between the rubber limiting block 4 and the vehicle body 5, so that the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 is prevented from pressing and elastically supporting the vehicle body 5, and the riding comfort of passengers is guaranteed.
Referring to fig. 6, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a comfort matching method for a smart vehicle rear axle suspension system, the method using the smart vehicle rear axle suspension system of any one of the embodiments, the method including the following steps:
step 1, defining a rear axle suspension system offset frequency fn, wherein the rear axle suspension system offset frequency fn is greater than or equal to 0.9Hz and less than or equal to fn and less than or equal to 1.6Hz, and the rear axle suspension system offset frequency fn of the embodiment is preferably 1.1 Hz.
Step 2, calculating the rigidity Kw of the rear axle suspension system according to a calculation formula of the offset frequency fn of the rear axle suspension system
Figure BDA0003018131070000091
Calculating the rigidity Kw of the rear axle suspension system under the condition that the sprung mass m is known; in order to maintain the uniformity of comfort, in this step, the stiffness Kw of the corresponding different rear axle suspension systems under different people loads is required to be matched (for example, the number of people in the vehicle is i, i is less than or equal to 6 people), and then the stiffness of the variable-stiffness helical springs is required to be matched, in this embodiment, the load of the vehicle is 6 people when the vehicle is fully loaded, and the weight of the single load plus the weight of luggage is calculated by 75 Kg.
Step 3, matching the stiffness Ks of the variable-stiffness spiral spring, establishing an adams dynamic model according to the rear axle suspension system, and performing reverse thrust calculation on the stiffness Ks of the variable-stiffness spiral spring in a state of servicing load; in the step, the corresponding different variable-stiffness spiral spring stiffness Ks needs to be matched under different people number loads (for example, the number of people taking the vehicle is i, i is less than or equal to 6), and a spiral spring stiffness design formula is adopted
Figure BDA0003018131070000092
Wherein, G is the elastic modulus, D is the wire diameter of the spring, D is the middle diameter of the spring, and n is the effective number of turns of the spring, so that the effective number of turns n required by different spring stiffness on the premise of the same wire diameter and the middle diameter is obtained, and the corresponding variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 is manufactured.
Step 4, matching the damping force of the shock absorber, and adapting different damping forces of the shock absorber under different rigidities Kw according to the rear axle suspension system, wherein the damping force of the shock absorber comprises rebound damping force FreboundAnd a compressive damping force Fcompression；
Figure BDA0003018131070000101
Figure BDA0003018131070000102
Wherein, R is the value of the mechanical lever ratio of the shock absorber 2;
Citaking the excitation speed section of the vehicle shock absorber as a double-speed section for the damping ratio of the shock absorber at different speeds, and taking values of 0.1 and 0.2 respectively for a low-speed section under a deceleration strip impact road surface and a high-speed section under a B-level road surface;
Virepresenting different speeds of the shock absorber, the value of the low-speed section is defined to be 0-0.3m/s, and the value of the high-speed section is defined to be 0.3-0.6 m/s;
and respectively matching the corresponding damping force of the shock absorber according to the corresponding suspension stiffness under different loads (for example, the number of passengers in the vehicle is i, i is less than or equal to 6), and finally taking the half load (3 persons) of the damping force of the shock absorber as the average adaptive damping force.
And 5, matching the rigidity of the rubber limiting block 4, matching the mechanical characteristic value of the rubber limiting block 4 in an exponential function increasing mode according to the stroke limit of the rear axle suspension system, and outputting the rigidity curve of the rubber limiting block 4 after calculation of the adams dynamic model. In the step, the rigidity curve of the rubber limiting block 4 needs to be output after calculation of an adams dynamic model under different people number loads (for example, the number of people taking the vehicle is i, and i is less than or equal to 6).
And 6, modeling the complete vehicle adams dynamic model, finishing the simulation output of the acceleration of the complete vehicle body by using the adams dynamic model, evaluating and judging the comfort performance according to a national standard vehicle ride comfort test method until the design requirement is met, and returning to the step 1 to redefine the offset frequency fn of the rear axle suspension system if the design requirement is not met. In the step, simulation output of the acceleration of the whole vehicle body is completed by utilizing an adams dynamic model under different people number loads (for example, the number of passengers in the vehicle is i, and i is less than or equal to 6).
Principle of operation
The embodiment of the application provides an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and a comfort matching method, because the intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system is provided with an integrated swing arm 1, the integrated swing arm 1 comprises a right end plate 11 with one end hinged with a vehicle body 5, a left end plate 12 with the other end rotatably connected with a wheel 6, and a lower swing arm 13 connected between the right end plate 11 and the left end plate 12; the shock absorber 2, one end of the shock absorber 2 is hinged with the lower swing arm 13, the other end of the shock absorber 2 is hinged with the vehicle body 5, and the axis of the shock absorber 2 is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel 6 and is obliquely arranged relative to the ground plane; the elastic bearing part comprises a variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 and a rubber limiting block 4, the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 is fixedly connected between the lower swing arm 13 and the vehicle body 5, and the rubber limiting block 4 is located in the variable-stiffness spiral spring 3 and is fixedly connected with the lower swing arm 13.
Therefore, the intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system is adapted to a low-speed vehicle pursuing stability and comfort, and the problems of bearing and vibration damping connection of the wheels 6 and the vehicle body 5 can be solved by integrating the swing arm 1, the vibration damper 2 and the elastic pressure bearing part. The rear axle suspension system has the advantages that stabilizer bars and wheel-side joint heads are not used, the number of swing arms is reduced, the rear axle suspension system is simple and compact in structure and low in cost, excessive space of a carriage is not occupied, the maximum arrangement of batteries is facilitated, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is improved. The axis of shock absorber 2 is perpendicular and for the plane slope setting with the axis of wheel 6, and guarantee shock absorber 2 is to the vertical buffering filter effect and the guide effect of assaulting of vehicle, can effectively alleviate vertical and vertical impact, guarantees vehicle travelling comfort and stability.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system which characterized in that includes:
the integrated swing arm (1) comprises a right end plate (11) with one end hinged with the vehicle body (5), a left end plate (12) with the other end rotatably connected with the wheels (6), and a lower swing arm (13) connected between the right end plate (11) and the left end plate (12);
one end of the shock absorber (2) is hinged with the lower swing arm (13), the other end of the shock absorber (2) is hinged with the vehicle body (5), and the axis of the shock absorber (2) is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel (6) and is obliquely arranged relative to the ground plane;
the elastic pressure bearing part comprises a variable-stiffness spiral spring (3) and a rubber limiting block (4), the variable-stiffness spiral spring (3) is fixedly connected between the lower swing arm (13) and the vehicle body (5), and the rubber limiting block (4) is located in the variable-stiffness spiral spring (3) and is fixedly connected with the lower swing arm (13);
the lower swing arm (13) is of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, the right end plate (11) and the left end plate (12) are both vertically connected with the lower swing arm (13), and the right end plate (11), the left end plate (12) and the lower swing arm (13) form an Contraband-shaped structure;
the right end plate (11), the left end plate (12) and the junction of lower swing arm (13) all are equipped with stiffening rib (16), right end plate (11), left end plate (12), lower swing arm (13) and stiffening rib (16) are aluminum alloy integrated casting shaping.
2. The intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system of claim 1, wherein:
the top of the right end plate (11) is provided with a mounting lifting lug (14) hinged with the vehicle body (5), a hinge hole (15) is formed in the mounting lifting lug (14), the axis of the hinge hole (15) is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel (6), and the mounting lifting lug (14) penetrates through the hinge hole (15) through a bolt and then is connected with the vehicle body (5).
3. The intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system of claim 1, wherein:
the automobile wheel hub bearing is characterized in that a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the left end plate (12), the left end plate (12) is rotatably connected with wheels (6) through an automobile wheel hub bearing, and the automobile wheel hub bearing is fixedly connected with the left end plate (12) through the mounting holes.
4. The intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system of claim 1, wherein:
the top of the lower swing arm (13) is provided with a mounting bracket (17) hinged with the shock absorber (2), and the mounting bracket (17) is positioned at one side close to the left end plate (12);
the mounting bracket (17) is provided with a mounting hole connected with the shock absorber (2), and one end of the shock absorber (2) is rotatably connected with the mounting bracket (17) through a bushing and a bolt.
5. The intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system of claim 1, wherein:
the inclination angle of the shock absorber (2) relative to the ground plane is 42-48 degrees, and the shock absorber (2) inclines towards the head direction of the vehicle body.
6. The intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system of claim 1, wherein:
the top of the lower swing arm (13) is provided with a mounting groove (18) for mounting the variable-stiffness spiral spring (3), and the mounting groove (18) and the variable-stiffness spiral spring (3) are located on one side close to the right end plate (11).
7. The intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system of claim 1, wherein:
the variable-stiffness spiral spring (3) is a spiral compression spring with the same outer diameter and the same wire diameter, and the pitch is gradually increased from bottom to top.
8. The intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system of claim 1, wherein:
the lower end of the rubber limiting block (4) is integrally vulcanized with the lower swing arm (13), and the outer diameter of the rubber limiting block (4) is smaller than the inner diameter of the variable-stiffness spiral spring (3);
the height of the rubber limiting block (4) is smaller than that of the variable-stiffness spiral spring (3) in a free state and larger than that of the variable-stiffness spiral spring (3) in pressing.
9. A comfort matching method of a smart vehicle rear axle suspension system, characterized in that the method uses the smart vehicle rear axle suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising the steps of:
defining a rear axle suspension system offset frequency fn, wherein the rear axle suspension system offset frequency fn is more than or equal to 0.9Hz and less than or equal to fn and less than or equal to 1.6Hz and is used as an offset frequency target of the rear axle suspension system of the intelligent vehicle;
calculating the rigidity Kw of the rear axle suspension system, and calculating the rigidity Kw of the rear axle suspension system under the condition that the sprung mass m is known according to a calculation formula of the offset frequency fn of the rear axle suspension system;
matching the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spiral spring, establishing an adams dynamic model according to the rear axle suspension system, and performing reverse thrust to calculate the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spiral spring in a state of servicing load;
the damping force of the shock absorber is matched, different damping forces of the shock absorber are adapted according to different rigidities Kw of a rear axle suspension system, and the damping forces of the shock absorber comprise rebound damping force FreboundAnd a compressive damping force FcompressionSaid Frebound＝3Fcompression；
Matching the rigidity of the rubber limiting block, matching the mechanical characteristic numerical value of the rubber limiting block (4) according to an exponential function increasing mode according to the stroke limit of a rear axle suspension system, and outputting a rigidity curve of the rubber limiting block (4) after calculation of an adams dynamic model;
modeling the complete vehicle adams dynamic model, finishing the simulation output of the acceleration of the complete vehicle body by using the adams dynamic model, and evaluating and judging the comfort performance according to a national standard vehicle ride comfort test method.
CN202110399233.3A 2021-04-13 2021-04-13 Intelligent vehicle rear axle suspension system and comfort matching method Active CN113183704B (en)

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US3797852A (en) * 1972-08-07 1974-03-19 Chrysler Corp Suspension system
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DE102011000462A1 (en) * 2011-02-02 2012-08-16 Gmf Umformtechnik Gmbh Single-leaf spring link
CN203580551U (en) * 2013-11-26 2014-05-07 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 Automobile and rear independent suspension thereof

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