CN113177312A - CAD design method facing manufacturable based on MBD - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a CAD design method facing manufacturable based on MBD, which defines a product based on an MBD model and realizes the manufacturability design of the product by performing integrated and parallel transformation on CAD/CAPP/CAM. The extensible and structured MBD information model used by the method has good universality and can adapt to different application scenes; through the integration of CAD/CAPP/CAM loose coupling, the product development process of product parallelization and mutual feedback is realized, the optimized and manufacturable product can be quickly and effectively designed, the design time is greatly shortened, the design quality is improved, and the core competitiveness of an enterprise is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a CAD technology facing manufacturability, in particular to a CAD design method facing manufacturability based on MBD.
Background
With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, the design task is more urgent and the design process is increasingly complex. Enterprises must shorten the development cycle of new products as much as possible to survive and develop in competition. Design for manufacturability (DFM) has emerged as an advanced manufacturing technology. The method starts from improving the manufacturability of parts, realizes the overall optimization of design, process and manufacture, greatly reduces the production cost and improves the production efficiency, and is an important tool for meeting the diversification, demand individuation and economic benefit maximization of market products.
Model Based Definition (MBD) is a new generation product Definition method, and is a full three-dimensional feature-Based expression method. The method is based on the process drive of the document, is integrated with knowledge engineering, process simulation, product standard specification and the like, defines the manufacturing information and the design information (three-dimensional size marking, manufacturing information, product structure information and the like) into the three-dimensional digital model of the product together, and completely expresses the product by using an integrated three-dimensional entity model.
CAD technologies that are manufacturable have been proposed for nearly two decades, during which a number of attempts have emerged. John and the like use the manufacturability index PI to judge potential manufacturability problems and use special production process equipment and process methods to drive the design of products; boothroyd proposes a quantitative evaluation method, which quantifies the factors such as material cost, processing cost, non-production cost, cutter cost, machine tool parameters and the like by using an empirical formula to approximately estimate the total cost so as to decide the manufacturability of the design; venkatachalam et al propose a knowledge-based artificial intelligence method, which uses O-O and planning to mix and express process knowledge and cost knowledge, and uses an expert system to make a decision of reverse reasoning. However, most of the methods are in the design level of a system framework, no specific engineering implementation is given, many methods are qualitative evaluation of adding a cost evaluation module or manufacturability, parallel design of CAD/CAPP/CAM is not realized, a CAD system cannot be fed back or directly driven to optimize the design, and the goal that the first design is the optimal design cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a CAD design method facing manufacturability based on MBD. The invention defines a product based on the MBD model, and realizes the manufacturability design of the product by performing integrated and parallel transformation on CAD/CAPP/CAM so as to improve the design efficiency and quality of the product and reduce the design error rate and the production cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a manufacturing-oriented CAD design method based on MBD, comprising the steps of:
(1) creating a product information model based on MBD, and building an engineering data warehouse for storing the product information model based on MBD for software sharing;
(2) building a system structure for designing a manufacturable product, and respectively carrying out integrated transformation on three-dimensional CAD software, CAPP software and CAM software so as to realize product information intercommunication and timely feedback optimization modification design among the three-dimensional CAD software, the CAPP software and the CAM software;
(3) completing the structure and appearance design, assembly design and mechanism simulation of a product in three-dimensional CAD software, marking design information on a three-dimensional model, marking processing characteristics and processing information, and uniformly integrating the design information, the processing characteristics and the processing information to obtain an MBD model of the product;
(4) the CAPP software acquires the geometric model, the dimension marking, the machining characteristics, the machining method, the cutting parameters, the tool selecting and clamping mode information of the product from the MBD product model, processes the process planning of the product machining, evaluates the manufacturability of the product and feeds back the evaluation result to the CAD software so as to guide the characteristic optimization design of the product and realize the parallel design of the characteristics/the process; the results of the process planning will also be stored in the MBD model for use by subsequent CAM software;
(5) the CAM software acquires a geometric model and process planning result information of the product from the MBD model, further generates an NC machine code for numerical control machining of the product, and sends the NC machine code to the numerical control machine for machining and manufacturing parts; in the process, if any factors which can not be manufactured exist, the factors are directly fed back to a CAD or CAPP software system so as to re-optimize the characteristic design, the processing parameter setting and the process planning of the product;
(6) and (5) repeatedly executing the steps (3) to (5) until the product is completely manufactured and meets the preset requirement.
Preferably, in step (1), the MBD-based product information model includes the following information: user requirements, product function, design, process, manufacturing, assembly, quality, cost, and evaluation.
Preferably, in the step (1), a composite, structured and extensible definition is adopted to express the MBD information model of the product; the Model is divided into a plurality of main block contents, including { User Requirements }, { Design Information }, { Design Model }, { CAPP Results }, and { Manufacture Information }; expanding or changing the main blocks according to different application scenes, wherein each main block is also a set of compound and structured sub blocks, and the sub blocks can also be a set of grand blocks, and comprise { User Requirements { Product Life }, { high Price } }, { Design Model {3D Geometry }, {3D PMI }, and { manufacturing Features }; the product information is repeatedly defined in such a way to represent any application scene and any user requirement; storing the MBD information model in an engineering data warehouse, and building the engineering data warehouse by using a non-relational database; the three-dimensional geometric model {3D Geometry } of the product is stored in a native file or a neutral format file of a CAD software system, and the native file of the 3D CAD contains 3D PMI content; and expressing the three-dimensional Geometry and the three-dimensional label of the product in a form of a neutral format file {3D Geometry } plus {3D PMI } data block.
Preferably, in the step (2), a loose coupling system structure is adopted to carry out integrated transformation on three-dimensional CAD software, CAPP software and CAM software so as to realize parallel design of the three-dimensional CAD software, the CAPP software and the CAM software; CAD software runs in a local client mode, and functional buttons are added for manufacturability evaluation; after completing the characteristic design, assembly design and structure simulation of a product in CAD software, a user clicks a [ manufacturability evaluation ] button, a system background collects relevant information of product design and stores the information in an MBD information model, and meanwhile, a manufacturability evaluation task is added in a data warehouse to wait for a CAPP/CAM to receive the task, the manufacturability evaluation and a feedback result; after the manufacturability feedback is obtained, the designer knows which defects the designer has designed and how to optimize the design; the CAPP/CAM is deployed in a cloud service mode, the whole set of software systems is deployed in a server, Web service encapsulation is carried out on function calling interfaces of the CAPP/CAM, and then a process is respectively created for monitoring tasks, calling Web service processing tasks and feeding back results.
Preferably, in the step (3), the user finishes the work of structure and appearance design, assembly design and mechanism simulation of the product in the three-dimensional CAD software, and simultaneously marks design information on the three-dimensional model; an information collecting tool is added in CAD software and is used for collecting information of user requirements, product functions and processing requirements.
Preferably, the [ information collection ] tool comprises a processing feature identification tool and a processing parameter setting tool; the processing parameters comprise a processing method, cutting parameters, cutter selection and clamping modes.
Preferably, a set of standard 3D non-geometric information conversion mechanism is defined for the 3D PMI, and the definition, format, content and conversion process of the 3D non-geometric information are established by the conversion mechanism, wherein the conversion mechanism is an interoperation language for converting the 3D non-geometric information; the conversion mechanism of the 3D non-geometric information is specifically as follows:
r 3D PMI defines: each 3D PMI object comprises three contents of a type, data content and a reference topological object, and different types of 3D PMI objects have different data content;
extracting and storing the 3D PMI: calling an API (application programming interface) of the CAD (computer-aided design) to traverse all 3D PMI objects, acquiring the types, data contents and relevant information of the reference topology objects, and storing the type, the data contents and the relevant information as formatted XML data;
3D PMI reconstruction: after a neutral geometric format is introduced into the CAPP, the geometric and topological objects are automatically reconstructed; then importing XML data of the 3D PMI, and obtaining a 3D PMI data object through analysis; and calling an API (application program interface) corresponding to the CAPP (control and instrumentation platform) system according to the type of the 3DPMI, creating a 3D PMI object on a topological object corresponding to the three-dimensional model, and obtaining the 3D PMI by adopting a topological object multiple matching method.
Preferably, the multiple matching method for the topological objects comprises the following steps:
and (3) topological attribute matching: adding a specific and unique attribute information in the native topology object, if CAPP can reserve and restore the attribute information, searching the topology object with the attribute information in the reconstructed topology object;
color matching: defining a color table comprising match-color and real-color to respectively represent matched color and actual color; before a neutral-format geometric model is exported, setting the topological object as a match-color, reconstructing topology in CAPP, finding the topological object corresponding to the match-color according to a color table, and further finding the topological object referred by the 3D PMI; then setting the topological object as real-color to ensure that the displayed colors of the reconstructed geometric model are completely consistent;
matching geometric information: the most similar topological objects are matched by matching the geometrical information in the reconstructed topological objects through storing the specific geometrical information of the topological objects, including the coordinates of the vertexes, the end points/middle points/parameters of the edges and the edges of the surfaces.
Preferably, step (4) is carried out as follows: when the CAPP task processing process senses a new task for manufacturability evaluation, the CAPP task processing process searches an idle CAPP cloud service and submits the task to the CAPP cloud service; the CAPP cloud service acquires a geometric model, a size label, a processing characteristic and processing method information of a task product from the MBD model; combining the identified processing characteristics or processing characteristics recognized from the three-dimensional geometric model, adopting a knowledge-based parameterization design idea, and intelligently reasoning to obtain a processing method of each processing characteristic; generating a part-oriented machining process through rule-based matching; designing a model and a technological process according to the parts, and generating a blank model and intermediate models of each procedure; finally, carrying out process output or electronic process release on a workshop site according to a specified format; regardless of whether the processes are completed and the results are correct, the result data will be written into the MBD information model for feedback to the CAD or to inform the CAM of the completion of subsequent work.
Preferably, step (5) is carried out as follows: when the CAM task processing process senses a new task for manufacturability evaluation, the CAM task processing process searches an idle CAM cloud service and submits the task to the CAM cloud service; the CAM cloud service acquires information required by a product CAM from the MBD model, wherein the information comprises a three-dimensional geometric model and a process planning result; the method comprises the steps of realizing three-dimensional machining dynamic simulation, tool path editing and generation of a product and generating NC machine codes for numerical control machining through a corresponding CAM module so as to verify whether the product design is reasonable, whether the process planning is correct and whether the machining parameter setting needs to be corrected; the result data and feedback opinions are written into the MBD information model for feedback to CAD/CAPP and optimization of product design.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the extensible and structured MBD information model used by the method has good universality and can adapt to different application scenes; through the integration of CAD/CAPP/CAM loose coupling, the product development process of product parallelization and mutual feedback is realized, the optimized and manufacturable product can be quickly and effectively designed, the design time is greatly shortened, the design quality is improved, and the core competitiveness of an enterprise is enhanced.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.
A manufacturing-oriented CAD technique based on MBD, comprising the steps of:
(1) creating a product information model based on MBD, wherein the product information model comprises information such as user requirements, product functions, design, process, manufacture, assembly, quality, cost, evaluation and the like; building an engineering data warehouse for storing a product information model based on MBD for sharing and using software such as CAD/CAPP/CAM and the like;
(2) building a system structure facing the design of a manufacturable product, namely respectively carrying out integrated transformation on three-dimensional CAD software (Xindi 3D), CAPP software (open 3DMPS) and CAM software (ESPRIT CAM) so as to realize product information intercommunication and timely feedback optimization modification design among the three-dimensional CAD software, the CAPP software and the CAM software;
(3) the method comprises the steps of completing the structure and appearance design, assembly design, mechanism simulation and the like of a product in three-dimensional CAD software, marking design information such as dimension, tolerance, roughness and the like on a three-dimensional model, designing a specific tool to mark processing characteristics, adding processing information such as a processing method, cutting parameters, tool selection, clamping modes and the like, and uniformly integrating the processing information and the processing information to obtain an MBD model of the product;
(4) the CAPP software acquires information of a geometric model, size marking, machining characteristics, a machining method, cutting parameters, tool selection, clamping modes and the like of a product from the MBD product model, processes the process planning of product machining, evaluates the manufacturability of the product and feeds back evaluation results to the CAD software so as to guide the characteristic optimization design of the product and realize the parallel design of the characteristics/the process; the results of the process planning will also be stored in the MBD model for use by subsequent CAM software;
(5) the CAM software acquires information such as a geometric model, a process planning result and the like of the product from the MBD model, further generates an NC machine code for numerical control machining of the product, and sends the NC machine code to the numerical control machine tool to carry out machining and manufacturing on parts; in the process, if any factors which can not be manufactured exist, the factors are directly fed back to a CAD or CAPP system so as to re-optimize the characteristic design, the processing parameter setting, the process planning and the like of the product;
(6) repeating the steps (3) - (5) until the product is completely manufactured and meets the preset requirement; therefore, through CAD/CAPP/CAM integration and parallel research and development design, the optimal design of the product can be quickly obtained through information sharing and timely and effective feedback of the product MBD, the research and development time of the product is shortened, and the design error and the research and development cost are reduced.
Preferably, the step (1) is performed by the following method: the design of the MBD product information model is the core content of the invention, the quality of the MBD product information model is related to the execution efficiency of the whole system and the effectiveness of the method, and therefore, the MBD information model of the product is expressed by adopting a composite, structured and extensible definition; the Model is firstly divided into a plurality of main block contents, such as { { User Requirements }, { Design Information }, { Design Model }, { CAPP Results }, { Manufacture Information }, … }, and the main blocks can be expanded or changed according to different application scenes; each main block is also a set of composite, structured sub-blocks, such as { User Requirements { Product Life }, { high Price }, … }, { Design Model {3D Geometry }, {3D PMI }, { manufacturing Features }, … }; the sub-blocks can also continue to be a collection of "grandchild blocks", defined back and forth as such, to represent product information for any application scenario, any user's needs; the MBD information model can be stored as a compound document file, and can also be directly stored in a database in a structured form; a non-relational database (e.g., MongoDB) is used to build an engineering data warehouse, which can store any type of data, including data blocks and various types of files. The three-dimensional geometric model {3D Geometry } of the product may be stored in a native file of the CAD system or in a neutral format file (e.g., STEP, IGES), the native file of the 3D CAD typically containing 3D PMI content; however, the 3D PMI has no universal neutral format, and in order to realize that the 3D PMI data can be shared by the heterogeneous CAD/CAPP/CAM, the three-dimensional geometrical and three-dimensional labeling of the product is expressed in the form of a neutral format file {3D Geometry } plus {3D PMI } data block.
Preferably, the step (2) is performed by the following method: the manufacturable product-oriented design realizes communication by using an MBD model expression product and heterogeneous CAD/CAPP/CAM through data exchange, so that the invention adopts a loosely coupled system structure, and can realize parallel design of three-dimensional CAD software, CAPP software and CAM software by only performing a small amount of integrated transformation on the three-dimensional CAD software, the CAPP software and the CAM software; the CAD software runs in a local client mode, and only a functional button (manufacturability evaluation) is added without major transformation; after completing the characteristic design, assembly design, structural simulation and the like of a product in CAD software, a user clicks a [ manufacturability evaluation ] button, a system background collects relevant information of the product design and stores the information in an MBD information model, and meanwhile, a manufacturability evaluation task is added in a data warehouse to wait for CAPP/CAM to accept the task, the manufacturability evaluation and feed back results; after the manufacturability feedback is obtained, the designer can clearly know which defects are designed and how to optimize the design; the CAPP/CAM is deployed in a cloud service mode, the whole set of software systems of the CAPP/CAM needs to be deployed in a server, Web service encapsulation is carried out on function calling interfaces of the CAPP/CAM, and then a process is respectively created for monitoring tasks, calling Web service processing tasks and feeding back results; the CAPP cloud service/CAM cloud service can respond to manufacturability evaluation requests of a plurality of designers, can avoid the trouble of installing a CAPP/CAM software system on each designer machine, and greatly reduces the software and hardware cost of an enterprise.
Preferably, the step (3) is performed by the following method: the three-dimensional CAD software is a window for product design and is also a source and a collection place of information, a user finishes the work of structure and appearance design, assembly design, mechanism simulation and the like of a product, and design information such as size, tolerance, roughness and the like is marked on a three-dimensional model; the invention also adds some [ information collection ] tools in the CAD software, such as: the processing characteristic identification tool, the processing parameter (processing method, cutting parameter, tool selection, clamping mode and the like) setting tool and the like are used for collecting information such as user requirements, product functions, processing requirements and the like, so that the information content of the product is greatly enriched, and the accuracy of CAPP/CAM in evaluating the manufacturability of the product is improved.
Preferably, the Design Model { Design Model } of the MBD product information Model is performed by the following method: the three-dimensional geometric information {3D Geometry } is converted into a neutral geometric format (such as Step214, IGES and the like) through the transfer; other information (such as 3D PMI, processing characteristics, processing settings and the like) has no universal neutral format, and can only be converted through a custom data format; the invention defines a set of standard 3D non-geometric information conversion mechanism aiming at the 3D PMI, and sets the definition, format, content and conversion process of the 3D non-geometric information, which is an interoperation language for converting the 3D non-geometric information; the conversion mechanism of the 3D non-geometric information is specifically as follows:
r 3D PMI defines: each 3D PMI object comprises three aspects of content { type, data content, reference topology object (point/edge/surface) }, and different types of 3D PMI objects have different data content;
extracting and storing the 3D PMI: calling an API (application programming interface) of the CAD (computer-aided design) to traverse all 3D PMI objects, acquiring the types, data contents and relevant information of the reference topology objects, and storing the type, the data contents and the relevant information as formatted XML data;
3D PMI reconstruction: after a neutral geometric format (such as Step214, IGES and the like) is introduced into the CAPP, geometric and topological objects are automatically reconstructed; then importing XML data of the 3D PMI, and obtaining a 3DPMI data object through analysis; calling an API (application program interface) corresponding to the CAPP (control and performance protocol) system according to the type of the 3D PMI, and creating a 3D PMI object on a corresponding topological object on the three-dimensional model; the topological object reconstructed by CAPP has no same ID with the original topological object in CAD, namely the corresponding relation between the topological object reconstructed by CAPP and the original topological object in CAD can not be directly obtained through the ID, so that the searching of the topological object referenced by the 3D PMI is a technical difficulty, and therefore a topological object multiple matching technology is adopted.
The topology object multiple matching technology comprises the following methods: topology attribute matching, namely adding a specific and unique attribute information in a native topology object, if CAPP can retain and restore the attribute information, the topology object with the attribute information can be searched in the reconstructed topology object. And secondly, color matching, wherein the color of the original topological object can be generally reserved through a three-dimensional geometric model converted by a neutral geometric format. For this purpose, we define a color-pair table (match-color, real-color) for the topology object, respectively (matching color, actual color). Before a neutral-format geometric model is exported, setting the topological object as a match-color, after the topology is reconstructed in the CAPP, easily finding the topological object corresponding to the match-color according to a color table, and further finding the topological object referred by the 3D PMI; and then, setting the topological object as real-color to ensure that the displayed colors of the reconstructed geometric model are completely consistent. Matching geometric information: matching the closest topological object by storing the specific geometric information (the coordinates of the vertex, the end points/middle points/parameters of the edges, the edges of the faces, and the like) of the topological object and by matching the geometric information in the reconstructed topological object; however, this matching method is inefficient and is only used as an alternative to failure of both the topology attribute matching and the color matching.
Preferably, the step (4) is performed by the following method: when the CAPP task processing process senses a new task for manufacturability evaluation, the CAPP task processing process searches an idle CAPP cloud service and submits the task to the CAPP cloud service; the CAPP cloud service acquires information such as a geometric model, a size label, a processing characteristic and a processing method of a task product from the MBD model; combining the identified processing characteristics or processing characteristics recognized from the three-dimensional geometric model, adopting a knowledge-based parameterization design idea, and intelligently reasoning to obtain a processing method of each processing characteristic; generating a part-oriented machining process through rule-based matching; designing a model and a technological process according to the parts, and generating a blank model and intermediate models of each procedure; finally, carrying out process output or electronic process release on a workshop site according to a specified format; regardless of whether the processes are completed and the results are correct, the result data will be written into the MBD information model for feedback to the CAD or to inform the CAM of the completion of subsequent work.
Preferably, the step (5) is performed by the following method: when the CAM task processing process senses a new task for manufacturability evaluation, the CAM task processing process searches an idle CAM cloud service and submits the task to the CAM cloud service; the CAM cloud service also acquires information required by the product CAM from the MBD model, such as a three-dimensional geometric model, a process planning result and the like; the method comprises the following steps of realizing three-dimensional machining dynamic simulation, tool path editing and generation of a product and generating NC machine codes for numerical control machining through a corresponding CAM module so as to verify whether the product design is reasonable, whether the process planning is correct, whether machining parameter setting needs to be corrected and the like; the resulting data and feedback comments will also be written into the MBD information model for feedback to the CAD/CAPP and to optimize the product design.
The product is defined based on the MBD model, and the CAD/CAPP/CAM is integrated and transformed in parallel, so that the manufacturability design of the product is realized; through the integration of the newly-di 3D/open 3DMPS/ESPRIT CAM loose coupling, the product development process of product parallelization and mutual feedback is realized, the optimized and manufacturable product can be quickly and effectively designed, the design time is greatly shortened, the design quality is improved, and the core competitiveness of an enterprise is enhanced.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the examples, but the description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be construed as being limited to the claims. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A CAD design method oriented to manufacturability based on MBD, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) creating a product information model based on MBD, and building an engineering data warehouse for storing the product information model based on MBD for software sharing;
(2) building a system structure for designing a manufacturable product, and respectively carrying out integrated transformation on three-dimensional CAD software, CAPP software and CAM software so as to realize product information intercommunication and timely feedback optimization modification design among the three-dimensional CAD software, the CAPP software and the CAM software;
(3) completing the structure and appearance design, assembly design and mechanism simulation of a product in three-dimensional CAD software, marking design information on a three-dimensional model, marking processing characteristics and processing information, and uniformly integrating the design information, the processing characteristics and the processing information to obtain an MBD model of the product;
(4) the CAPP software acquires the geometric model, the dimension marking, the machining characteristics, the machining method, the cutting parameters, the tool selecting and clamping mode information of the product from the MBD product model, processes the process planning of the product machining, evaluates the manufacturability of the product and feeds back the evaluation result to the CAD software so as to guide the characteristic optimization design of the product and realize the parallel design of the characteristics/the process; the results of the process planning will also be stored in the MBD model for use by subsequent CAM software;
(5) the CAM software acquires a geometric model and process planning result information of the product from the MBD model, further generates an NC machine code for numerical control machining of the product, and sends the NC machine code to the numerical control machine for machining and manufacturing parts; in the process, if any factors which can not be manufactured exist, the factors are directly fed back to a CAD or CAPP software system so as to re-optimize the characteristic design, the processing parameter setting and the process planning of the product;
(6) and (5) repeatedly executing the steps (3) to (5) until the product is completely manufactured and meets the preset requirement.
2. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the MBD-based product information model comprises the following information: user requirements, product function, design, process, manufacturing, assembly, quality, cost, and evaluation.
3. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), a composite, structured and extensible definition is adopted to express an MBD information model of a product; the Model is divided into a plurality of main block contents, including { User Requirements }, { Design Information }, { Design Model }, { CAPP Results }, and { Manufacture Information }; expanding or changing the main blocks according to different application scenes, wherein each main block is also a set of compound and structured sub blocks, and the sub blocks can also be a set of grand blocks, and comprise { User Requirements { Product Life }, { high Price } }, { Design Model {3D Geometry }, {3D PMI }, and { manufacturing Features }; the product information is repeatedly defined in such a way to represent any application scene and any user requirement; storing the MBD information model in an engineering data warehouse, and building the engineering data warehouse by using a non-relational database; the three-dimensional geometric model {3D Geometry } of the product is stored in a native file or a neutral format file of a CAD software system, and the native file of the 3D CAD contains 3D PMI content; and expressing the three-dimensional Geometry and the three-dimensional label of the product in a form of a neutral format file {3D Geometry } plus {3D PMI } data block.
4. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), a loose coupling system structure is adopted to carry out integrated transformation on three-dimensional CAD software, CAPP software and CAM software so as to realize parallel design of the three-dimensional CAD software, the CAPP software and the CAM software; CAD software runs in a local client mode, and functional buttons are added for manufacturability evaluation; after completing the characteristic design, assembly design and structure simulation of a product in CAD software, a user clicks a [ manufacturability evaluation ] button, a system background collects relevant information of product design and stores the information in an MBD information model, and meanwhile, a manufacturability evaluation task is added in a data warehouse to wait for a CAPP/CAM to receive the task, the manufacturability evaluation and a feedback result; after the manufacturability feedback is obtained, the designer knows which defects the designer has designed and how to optimize the design; the CAPP/CAM is deployed in a cloud service mode, the whole set of software systems is deployed in a server, Web service encapsulation is carried out on function calling interfaces of the CAPP/CAM, and then a process is respectively created for monitoring tasks, calling Web service processing tasks and feeding back results.
5. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), a user finishes the work of structure and appearance design, assembly design and mechanism simulation of a product in three-dimensional CAD software, and simultaneously marks design information on a three-dimensional model; an information collecting tool is added in CAD software and is used for collecting information of user requirements, product functions and processing requirements.
6. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method of claim 5, wherein: the tool comprises a processing characteristic identification tool and a processing parameter setting tool; the processing parameters comprise a processing method, cutting parameters, cutter selection and clamping modes.
7. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method of claim 3, wherein: a set of 3D non-geometric information conversion mechanism is defined for the 3D PMI, and the 3D non-geometric information conversion mechanism specifically includes:
r 3D PMI defines: each 3D PMI object comprises three contents of a type, data content and a reference topological object, and different types of 3D PMI objects have different data content;
extracting and storing the 3D PMI: calling an API (application programming interface) of the CAD (computer-aided design) to traverse all 3D PMI objects, acquiring the types, data contents and relevant information of the reference topology objects, and storing the type, the data contents and the relevant information as formatted XML data;
3D PMI reconstruction: after a neutral geometric format is introduced into the CAPP, the geometric and topological objects are automatically reconstructed; then importing XML data of the 3D PMI, and obtaining a 3D PMI data object through analysis; and calling an API (application program interface) corresponding to the CAPP (control and performance platform) system according to the type of the 3D PMI, creating a 3D PMI object on a corresponding topological object on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining the 3D PMI by adopting a topological object multiple matching method.
8. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method of claim 7, wherein: the multiple matching method of the topological object comprises the following steps:
and (3) topological attribute matching: adding a specific and unique attribute information in the native topology object, if CAPP can reserve and restore the attribute information, searching the topology object with the attribute information in the reconstructed topology object;
color matching: defining a color table comprising match-color and real-color to respectively represent matched color and actual color; before a neutral-format geometric model is exported, setting the topological object as a match-color, reconstructing topology in CAPP, finding the topological object corresponding to the match-color according to a color table, and further finding the topological object referred by the 3D PMI; then setting the topological object as real-color to ensure that the displayed colors of the reconstructed geometric model are completely consistent;
matching geometric information: the most similar topological objects are matched by matching the geometrical information in the reconstructed topological objects through storing the specific geometrical information of the topological objects, including the coordinates of the vertexes, the end points/middle points/parameters of the edges and the edges of the surfaces.
9. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method of claim 1, wherein: the step (4) is carried out according to the following method: when the CAPP task processing process senses a new task for manufacturability evaluation, the CAPP task processing process searches an idle CAPP cloud service and submits the task to the CAPP cloud service; the CAPP cloud service acquires a geometric model, a size label, a processing characteristic and processing method information of a task product from the MBD model; combining the identified processing characteristics or processing characteristics recognized from the three-dimensional geometric model, adopting a knowledge-based parameterization design idea, and intelligently reasoning to obtain a processing method of each processing characteristic; generating a part-oriented machining process through rule-based matching; designing a model and a technological process according to the parts, and generating a blank model and intermediate models of each procedure; finally, carrying out process output or electronic process release on a workshop site according to a specified format; regardless of whether the processes are completed and the results are correct, the result data will be written into the MBD information model for feedback to the CAD or to inform the CAM of the completion of subsequent work.
10. The MBD-based manufacturable-oriented CAD design method of claim 1, wherein: the step (5) is carried out according to the following method: when the CAM task processing process senses a new task for manufacturability evaluation, the CAM task processing process searches an idle CAM cloud service and submits the task to the CAM cloud service; the CAM cloud service acquires information required by a product CAM from the MBD model, wherein the information comprises a three-dimensional geometric model and a process planning result; the method comprises the steps of realizing three-dimensional machining dynamic simulation, tool path editing and generation of a product and generating NC machine codes for numerical control machining through a corresponding CAM module so as to verify whether the product design is reasonable, whether the process planning is correct and whether the machining parameter setting needs to be corrected; the result data and feedback opinions are written into the MBD information model for feedback to CAD/CAPP and optimization of product design.
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