CN113176290A - Transformer oil ignition experimental device and method - Google Patents
Transformer oil ignition experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113176290A CN113176290A CN202110512317.3A CN202110512317A CN113176290A CN 113176290 A CN113176290 A CN 113176290A CN 202110512317 A CN202110512317 A CN 202110512317A CN 113176290 A CN113176290 A CN 113176290A
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- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transformer oil ignition experimental device, which comprises a transformer simulation assembly, a fuel supply recovery assembly, an electric spark generation assembly and a heater, wherein the fuel supply recovery assembly is arranged on the transformer simulation assembly; the transformer simulation assembly comprises a transformer simulation shell and a plurality of temperature measurement pieces, the temperature measurement pieces stretch into the transformer simulation shell, the fuel supply recovery assembly comprises a fuel supply pipeline and a fuel recovery pipeline, the fuel supply pipeline and the fuel recovery pipeline are communicated with the transformer simulation shell, the electric spark generation assembly comprises an electric spark generator and an ignition electrode, the ignition electrode is connected with the electric spark generator, and the ignition electrode is connected with the transformer simulation shell and stretches into the transformer simulation shell. The invention also discloses a method for adopting the transformer oil ignition experimental device. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ignition process of the transformer oil heated at different initial temperatures can be simulated, guidance is provided for pre-control measures in the early stage of transformer oil fire, and the occurrence of the transformer fire is fundamentally reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transformer oil thermal detection, in particular to a transformer oil ignition experimental device and a transformer oil ignition experimental method.
Background
The power transformer, especially the large oil-immersed power transformer, is an important device in the AC/DC power transmission project, and the reliability of the power transformer directly determines the stability and safety of the AC/DC power transmission project. In the power transformer, a large amount of transformer oil is required to be used as a medium for insulation and cooling, and the transformer oil combustion is the root cause of fire and explosion accidents of the transformer. Therefore, the research on the combustion characteristics of the transformer oil is a key for improving the reliability of the power supply and fire extinguishing system, the ignition temperature and the minimum ignition energy of the transformer oil are accurately mastered, the important index for judging and evaluating the fire hazard risk of the transformer oil is provided, and the premise for realizing the state maintenance of the transformer is provided.
During the operation of the transformer, under the action of various factors such as heat, electricity, machinery, chemistry and the like for a long time, internal faults can occur to generate high temperature, and combustible transformer oil is heated or generates electric arcs to thermally crack and release a large amount of light hydrocarbons, such as H2, C2H2 and other flammable gases, so that the flash point and the ignition point of the transformer oil are reduced. In addition, transformer oil is affected by many factors such as electric field, temperature, oxygen, moisture, etc., which together cause the combustion characteristics of transformer oil to change.
Although the combustion characteristics of transformer oil contain many factors, the ignition point of transformer oil is an indispensable item for supervising the operation state of transformer oil in the transformer. The device can find out the fault of the device in time by measuring the ignition point, and meanwhile, for the transformer oil which is newly filled into the device and is repaired, the ignition point can be measured to prevent or find out whether the oil product of the light fraction is mixed, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the device.
In the prior art, the ignition point of petroleum products is usually detected by using a thermometer or an infrared receiver, for example, an open flash ignition point automatic determinator for petroleum products produced by a certain company in China generally detects the flash point and the ignition point at the same time, but the combustion of the ignition point of the petroleum products gradually pollutes detection parts in the actual detection work, a detector is not removed from the ignition point part in time after the ignition point detection, the pollution to the detection parts is not blocked, and the service life of the instrument is influenced; meanwhile, the measurement sample is small, the flow of outside air and the number of pilot combustion can affect the oil vapor in the test process, and the accuracy of the measured ignition temperature is finally affected.
Meanwhile, in the event of fire explosion of the transformer oil, the important standard for judging the ignition of the transformer oil is the ignition sensitivity of the transformer oil, the ignition sensitivity refers to the difficulty of combustion and explosion under the action of external energy, and the ignition sensitivity is usually described by the minimum ignition energy, so the minimum ignition energy of the transformer oil is taken as one of important parameters for measuring the risk of fire explosion. The transformer oil is used as an insulating and cooling medium, the temperature of oil in the operation process can be higher than the ambient temperature, the energy of a combustible system can be increased due to the temperature rise, the ignition of the combustible system is easier, the fire hazard risk of the transformer oil is increased, and different minimum ignition energy for ignition of the transformer oil can be generated at different initial transformer oil temperatures.
At present, many experimental platforms are used for carrying out experiments on the fire spreading condition of a fire or the fire extinguishing capacity of a fire extinguishing system, and the minimum ignition energy is not measured as much as possible. As in application No.: 201911356789.3, discloses an experimental platform for simulating fire of an extra-high voltage converter transformer, which is characterized in that the platform comprises a transformer system, a heating system and a test system, wherein the transformer system is arranged in a U-shaped firewall space and comprises a steel structure support, an oil tank fixed on the steel structure support, an oil conservator connected with the oil tank through an oil pipeline, and a bottom oil pool arranged on the ground and adjacent to the steel structure support; the heating system comprises an oil tank resistance external circulation heating system, a bottom oil pool resistance heating system, an oil conservator resistance heating system and a temperature control cabinet, wherein the resistance external circulation heating system comprises a heating cabinet, an oil inlet pipeline and an oil outlet pipeline which are connected with the heating cabinet, and the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline are respectively connected with the oil tank through control valves; the bottom oil pool resistance heating system and the conservator resistance heating system are respectively fixed in the bottom oil pool and the conservator and are connected with the temperature control cabinet through a plurality of heating pipes through electric wires and signal wires; the test system comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of heat flow sensors, a thermal infrared imager and a plurality of high-definition cameras, and is respectively connected with a data acquisition, analysis, display and control system outside the platform; the plurality of temperature sensors are uniformly distributed in the oil tank, the oil conservator and the bottom oil pool, and the plurality of heat flow sensors are uniformly distributed on two sides of the oil tank; the thermal infrared imager is arranged on the opening side of the U-shaped firewall and is kept at a certain distance from the transformer and used for shooting a temperature field in a fire disaster; the high-definition cameras are respectively arranged in four corners at the top of the U-shaped firewall and the closed side wall body of the U-shaped firewall and used for shooting the test process.
The experiment platform is used for measuring the fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing system, cannot obtain the minimum ignition energy at different initial temperatures, cannot provide some research data of the initial stage of a fire disaster, and cannot provide some research bases for preventing the fire disaster. At present, no test device and test method for minimum ignition energy of transformer oil ignition at different initial temperatures are found.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to solve the problem that ignition point detection data of transformer oil in the prior art is not accurate enough, there is not the device that tests to the minimum ignition energy that transformer oil ignites under different initial temperature yet, does not obtain the experimental platform of the research data of ignition and the burning mechanism of transformer oil.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
the transformer oil ignition experimental device comprises a transformer simulation assembly, a fuel supply recovery assembly, an electric spark generation assembly for igniting transformer oil and a heater for heating the transformer oil;
the transformer simulation assembly comprises a transformer simulation shell and a plurality of temperature measurement parts capable of measuring temperatures at different heights and positions, the temperature measurement parts extend into the transformer simulation shell, the fuel supply recovery assembly comprises a fuel supply pipeline and a fuel recovery pipeline, the fuel supply pipeline is communicated with the upper portion of the transformer simulation shell, the fuel recovery pipeline is communicated with the lower portion of the transformer simulation shell, the electric spark generation assembly comprises an electric spark generator and an ignition electrode, the ignition electrode is connected with the electric spark generator, and the ignition electrode is connected to the wall of the transformer simulation shell and extends into the transformer simulation shell.
The transformer oil ignition device can ignite transformer oil through different ignition energies at different initial temperatures, and record the temperature and the minimum ignition energy in the process; the ignition process of transformer oil in the transformer caused by heating is simulated, and the experimental credibility is improved; the surface and internal temperature changes and the ignition temperature of the transformer oil before and after ignition are measured, so that the consumption of oil vapor caused by the flow of outside air and the number of pilot firing times in the experimental process is eliminated, and the accuracy of ignition temperature measurement is improved; the transformer oil temperature can reach the preset temperature through the heating device, the minimum ignition energy of transformer oil ignition at different or specified temperatures can be measured by utilizing the electric spark generation system, and then the ignition characteristic of the transformer oil is analyzed, so that the ignition and combustion mechanism of the transformer oil in operation is researched, guidance is provided in the aspect of pre-control measures in the early stage of transformer oil fire, the transformer fire is fundamentally reduced, the stability of a power grid is improved, and the personal safety, the equipment safety and the property safety are guaranteed.
Preferably, the transformer simulation shell comprises a first shell, a second shell and a base, the second shell is a cavity with an opening at the top end, the first shell is a cavity with an opening at the bottom, the first shell and the second shell are detachably connected, a cavity for containing transformer oil is formed by the first shell and the second shell, the base is connected to the bottom of the second shell, and the heater is placed in the base.
Preferably, the top end of the first shell is provided with a fixing support for fixing the temperature measuring parts, the fixing support is of a tubular structure, the fixing support is provided with temperature measuring holes arranged at intervals, the temperature measuring parts extend into the fixing support, and sensing ends of the temperature measuring parts are located at the temperature measuring holes.
The temperature measuring part mostly uses a thermocouple, and if the thermocouple is directly put into transformer oil, the lead of the thermocouple is damaged at high temperature; therefore, the fixing support can be used for fixing the temperature measuring piece on one hand, and the temperature measuring ends of the temperature measuring piece are fixed at different heights, so that the temperature at different heights can be measured conveniently; moreover, the lead can be protected and prevented from being burnt out.
Preferably, the side of the first housing has a plurality of sleeve simulating apertures communicating with the interior thereof; the side wall of the second housing has a first hole for a supply fuel pipe connection and a second hole for a recovery fuel pipe connection, and the side wall of the second housing also has an ignition electrode placing hole for mounting an ignition electrode.
Preferably, fuel supply recovery unit still includes oil storage tank, recycle bin, bearing frame, the bearing frame includes the bearing plate of arranging about at least two-layer, the upper bearing plate is placed to the oil storage tank, the recycle bin is placed at lower floor's bearing plate, supply with the one end of fuel pipe with the oil storage tank is connected, and the other end is connected with transformer simulation casing, the one end of recycling fuel pipe with the recycle bin is connected, and the other end is connected with transformer simulation casing.
Preferably, the fuel supply pipeline and the fuel recovery pipeline are both provided with an electric control gate.
Preferably, the bottom of lower floor's bearing plate has a plurality of adjusting bolt that are used for height-adjusting, a plurality of adjusting bolt with lower floor's bearing plate threaded connection, a plurality of adjusting bolt evenly distributed.
The fuel supply recovery assembly can adjust the transformer oil added into the transformer simulation shell, and meanwhile, the unburnt transformer oil is recovered, so that the use is more convenient and more convenient, and the waste is avoided.
Preferably, the electric spark generator is arranged on one side of the transformer simulation shell, and the electric spark generator is connected with the ignition electrode through a wire.
Preferably, the temperature measuring part is a thermocouple.
Preferably, the heater is an electric heating furnace.
The invention also provides a method for adopting the transformer oil ignition experimental device, which comprises the following steps:
step S01, assembling the transformer oil ignition experimental device;
step S02, inputting transformer oil into the transformer simulation assembly;
step S03, starting a heater for heating, and stopping heating when the specified initial oil temperature is reached;
step S04, adjusting different ignition energies, igniting, observing the ignition condition of the transformer oil, and recording the temperature and the ignition energy of the transformer oil;
step SO5, cooling the transformer simulation assembly to the initial temperature to be extinguished, recovering to the initial state, repeating the steps S02-S04, and recording the temperature and ignition energy of the transformer oil when the transformer oil is ignited at different initial temperatures;
step S06: and after all tests are finished, cooling after fire extinguishment, removing the temperature measuring piece, and recovering the transformer oil.
Preferably, in step S01, the transformer simulation module, the fuel supply recovery module, the spark generation module, and the heater are installed and disposed, the temperature measurement unit is inserted into the transformer simulation module, the data storage path is provided to store temperature measurement data of the temperature measurement unit, and the ignition electrode is inserted into and fixed to the transformer simulation module;
in step S02, the supply fuel pipeline of the fuel supply and recovery module inputs transformer oil into the transformer simulation module;
in step S04, adjusting the output voltage, the ignition power, and the ignition time of the electric spark generator in the electric spark generating assembly to adjust the ignition energy, and igniting when the oil temperature reaches a set value and is stable;
if ignition occurs, extinguishing the transformer oil by using a fire extinguishing system, reducing ignition energy and ignition time, repeating the second step to the fourth step until the transformer oil cannot be ignited under the ignition energy, further obtaining the minimum ignition energy of the transformer oil to be tested under the initial oil temperature, and taking data recorded by a first temperature measuring piece above an oil layer in the previous experiment as the ignition temperature of the transformer oil;
if no ignition phenomenon is observed, increasing ignition energy and ignition time, repeatedly adjusting the ignition energy and the ignition step until the ignition phenomenon of the transformer oil is observed under the ignition energy, further obtaining the minimum ignition energy of the transformer oil to be detected under the initial oil temperature, and taking data recorded by a first temperature measuring piece above the oil layer as the ignition temperature of the transformer oil; in the process of repeating the second step to the fourth step, the transformer oil is ensured to be kept at the specified liquid level height and the initial oil temperature before each experiment;
in the step S06, after all tests are completed, the fire extinguishing system is used to extinguish the test, the temperature measuring part is removed, and the transformer oil is recovered through the fuel supply recovery assembly and the fuel recovery pipeline after standing.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the transformer oil ignition experimental device provided by the invention can simulate the ignition process of transformer oil in a transformer when being heated, and the experimental credibility is improved; the surface and internal temperature changes and the ignition temperature of the transformer oil before and after ignition are measured, so that the consumption of oil vapor caused by the flow of outside air and the number of pilot firing times in the experimental process is eliminated, and the accuracy of ignition temperature measurement is improved; the transformer oil temperature can reach the preset temperature through the heating device, the minimum ignition energy of transformer oil ignition at different or appointed temperatures can be measured by utilizing an electric spark generation system, and then the ignition characteristic of the transformer oil is analyzed, so that the ignition and combustion mechanism of the transformer oil in operation is researched, guidance is provided in the aspect of pre-control measures in the early stage of transformer oil fire, the transformer fire is fundamentally reduced, the stability of a power grid is improved, and the personal safety, the equipment safety and the property safety are guaranteed;
(2) the temperature measuring part mostly uses a thermocouple, and if the thermocouple is directly put into transformer oil, the lead of the thermocouple is damaged at high temperature; therefore, the fixing support can be used for fixing the temperature measuring piece on one hand, and the temperature measuring ends of the temperature measuring piece are fixed at different heights, so that the temperature at different heights can be measured conveniently; moreover, the lead can be protected and prevented from being burnt out; the thermocouple is removed in time after the detection is finished, so that the service life of a detection part is prolonged;
(3) the fuel supply recovery assembly can adjust the transformer oil added into the transformer simulation shell, and simultaneously recover unburned transformer oil, so that the use is more convenient and more convenient, and the waste is avoided;
(4) the adjusting bolt for adjusting the height can adaptively adjust the height of the fuel supply and recovery assembly, and is more flexible to use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer oil ignition experimental device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transformer simulation assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer oil ignition experimental device;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a transformer oil ignition test apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of an electrical discharge generating assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a thermocouple arrangement;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the change in temperature of the K150X transformer oil thermocouple;
reference numbers in the figures:
1. a transformer simulation component; 11. a transformer simulation shell; 111. a first housing; 112. a second housing; 113. a base; 114. the sleeve simulates an orifice; 115. a first hole; 116. a second hole; 12. fixing a bracket;
2. a fuel supply recovery assembly; 21. a supply fuel conduit; 22. a recovery fuel line; 23. an oil storage pool; 24. a recovery tank; 25. a bearing frame; 26. adjusting the bolt; 27. an electrically controlled gate;
3. an electrical spark generating assembly; 31. an electric spark generator; 311. a power indicator light; 312. a power switch; 313. an ignition switch; 314. a numerical control device; 32. an ignition electrode;
4. a heater; 41. a temperature adjusting knob; 42. a heating plate;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the transformer oil ignition experimental device comprises a transformer simulation assembly 1, a fuel supply recovery assembly 2, an electric spark generation assembly 3, and a heater 4 for heating transformer oil in the transformer simulation assembly 1;
the transformer simulation assembly 1 comprises a transformer simulation shell 11 and three fixing supports 12 for mounting and fixing temperature measuring pieces, wherein the temperature measuring pieces in the embodiment are thermocouples (thermocouples are not shown in the figure); the three fixing supports 12 extend into the transformer simulation shell 11, the top ends of the three fixing supports extend out of the transformer simulation shell 11, the thermocouples can be connected with external data storage equipment, and the temperature can be measured and recorded; the fuel supply and recovery assembly 2 comprises a supply fuel pipeline 21 and a recovery fuel pipeline 22, wherein the supply fuel pipeline 21 is communicated with the upper part of the transformer simulation shell 11, and the recovery fuel pipeline 22 is communicated with the lower part of the transformer simulation shell 11 to realize the supply and recovery of fuel; the electric spark generation assembly 3 comprises an electric spark generator 31 and an ignition electrode 32, wherein the electric spark generator 31 is arranged on one side of the transformer simulation shell 11, the ignition electrode 32 is connected with the electric spark generator 31 through an electric wire 33, and the ignition electrode 32 is connected to the wall of the transformer simulation shell 11 and extends into the transformer simulation shell 11.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the transformer simulation shell 11 includes a first shell 111, a second shell 112, and a base 113, where the first shell 111 and the second shell 112 are both made of stainless steel, the second shell 112 is a rectangular cavity with an open top end, the first shell 111 is a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure shell with an open bottom, a clamping plate may be arranged at the bottom of the first shell 111, and detachably connected with a clamping groove at the top end of the second shell 112, or in other detachable connection manners; the first casing 111 and the second casing 112 are connected to form a cavity for containing transformer oil, the base 113 is connected to the bottom of the second casing 112, the top of the base 113 may be a flat plate welded to the bottom of the second casing 112, the bottom of the flat plate includes four columns to form a placement space, and the heater 4 is placed in the base 113.
The top end of the first shell 111 is provided with a placing hole for fixing a temperature measuring part, a fixing support 12 is placed in the placing hole, the side part of the first shell 111 is provided with a plurality of sleeve simulation orifices 114 communicated with the inside of the first shell, and the sleeve lifting seat hole in a transformer structure can be simulated better; the rear side wall of the second casing 112 is provided with a first hole 115 for connecting the fuel supply pipeline 21 and a second hole 116 for connecting the fuel recovery pipeline 22, and in order to prevent oil leakage during the experiment, sealing treatment is respectively performed at the interfaces (the first hole 115 and the second hole 116) inside the transformer simulation casing 11 and the stainless steel pipeline interface; the side wall of the second housing 112 also has an ignition electrode placement opening for mounting the ignition electrode 32, which facilitates the use of the ignition electrode 32 to sweep across the surface of the transformer simulation housing 11, and the ignition electrode placement opening is two symmetrically arranged holes, or other adaptive holes.
As shown in fig. 6, the temperature measuring elements in this embodiment are thermocouples, the number of the fixing brackets 12 is three, the fixing brackets 12 are strip-shaped circular tube structures, and 12 thermocouple strings are installed in each fixing bracket 12; temperature measuring holes are formed in the fixed support 12 at intervals, and a thermocouple extends into the transformer simulation shell 11 through the temperature measuring holes, so that the temperature sensing tip of the thermocouple is located inside an oil layer of the transformer simulation shell 11 and in the air, and the oil temperature of transformer oil at different heights and positions before ignition, the temperature of oil steam above the oil layer, the temperature of the ignited oil layer and the temperature of flame are measured conveniently. Referring to fig. 5, there are 36 measurement points T1, T2.. T36, and the distance between adjacent temperature measurement holes on the same fixing bracket 12 is 50mm, the measurement head of the thermocouple measures the temperature of the transformer oil or air through a small hole, and the lead of the thermocouple is located inside the fixing bracket 12 to avoid high temperature corrosion.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 4, the heater 4 is an electric heating furnace. The electric heating furnace is placed under the transformer simulation shell 11, the heating rate of the electric heating furnace can be adjusted through a switch and a temperature adjusting knob 41, the bottom of the transformer simulation shell 11 is heated through a heating disc 42, heat loss is not counted, and the heating time required by the transformer oil at the specified initial temperature can be calculated according to a formula Q which is cm delta t and W which is Pt, wherein W is work done by the electric heating furnace, P is heating power, t is heating time, Q is absorbed heat of the transformer oil, c is specific heat capacity, and delta t is oil temperature difference; by placing the thermocouple, the instantaneous temperature of the transformer oil when ignited can be recorded, and further experimental research and analysis are carried out.
As shown in fig. 5, the electric spark generating assembly 3 in this embodiment is composed of an electric spark generator 31 and an ignition electrode 32, the electric spark generator 31 includes a power indicator 311, a power switch 312, an ignition switch 313 and a numerical control device 314, the electric spark generator 31 controls the device to switch and ignite through the power switch 312 and the ignition switch 313, the ignition electrode 32 and the electric spark generator 31 are connected through an electric wire 33, and the numerical control device 314 can control the minimum ignition energy by adjusting the output voltage, the ignition power and the ignition time; the output voltage of the positive and negative power supplies is increased to 10kV to 60kV by a transformer inside the electric spark generator 31, the selectable capacitances of the capacitance group in the electric spark generator 31 are 10pF, 30pF, 100pF, 300pF, 1nF, 3nF, 10nF and 1 μ F, and the ignition energy can be calculated according to the formula E of 0.5CU2, where E is the output energy, C is the capacitance, and U is the output voltage.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 3, on the basis of the first embodiment, in this embodiment, the fuel supply and recovery assembly 2 further includes an oil reservoir 23, a recovery reservoir 24, and a bearing frame 25,
the bearing frame 25 comprises two layers of bearing plates which are arranged up and down, the oil storage pool 23 is arranged on the upper layer of bearing plate, the recovery pool 24 is arranged on the lower layer of bearing plate, one end of the fuel supply pipeline 21 is connected with the lower position of the oil storage pool 23, the other end of the fuel supply pipeline is connected with the first hole 115 of the transformer simulation shell 11, one end of the fuel recovery pipeline 22 is connected with the recovery pool 24 or the end part of the fuel supply pipeline is bent downwards to form a water tap-shaped structure, the placement height of the recovery pool 24 is lower than the lowest position of the fuel recovery pipeline 22, and the other end of the fuel recovery pool is connected with the second hole 116 of the transformer simulation shell 11. The supply fuel pipeline 21 and the recovery fuel pipeline 22 are both provided with an electric control gate 27, and the two electric control gates 27 can respectively control the supply speed of the oil storage tank 23 and the oil spilling speed of the transformer simulation shell 11.
Wherein, the bottom of lower floor's bearing plate has a plurality of adjusting bolt 26 that are used for height-adjusting, and the upper bearing plate in this embodiment is square board with lower floor's bearing plate, and adjusting bolt 26 is four, and evenly distributed is in four departments of lower floor's bearing plate, and adjusting bolt 26 is threaded connection with lower floor's bearing plate, through revolving wrong adjusting bolt 26, can finely tune the required liquid level height requirement of highly adapted experiment of whole bearing frame 25.
Example three:
this example provides the experimental method using the second example described above:
step S01, assembling the transformer oil ignition experimental device; specifically, the transformer simulation assembly 1, the fuel supply recovery assembly 2, the electric spark generation assembly 3 and the heater 4 are installed and arranged, the transformer simulation shell 11 is assembled, the ignition electrode 32 is inserted into a symmetrical fixing hole preset in the transformer simulation shell 11, the ignition electrode 32 is fixed after being adjusted to a proper distance, the first hole 115 and the second hole 116 of the transformer simulation shell 11 are respectively connected with the fuel supply pipeline 21 and the fuel recovery pipeline 22, and the adjusting bolt 26 is properly adjusted to enable the bearing frame 25 to be located at a proper height; the thermocouple is extended into the fixed bracket 12 and fixed; setting a data storage path to store temperature measurement data of the thermocouple;
step S02, adding a proper amount of transformer oil to be measured into the oil storage pool 23, and opening the electric control gate 27 on the fuel supply pipeline 21 to control the fuel to enter the transformer simulation shell 11 to reach the liquid level height calculated in advance;
step S03, turning on a switch of the electric heating furnace and a temperature adjusting knob 41 according to a preset scheme to adjust the heating rate, starting timing the transformer oil in the transformer simulation shell 11 through a heating plate 42, and adjusting the initial oil temperature by controlling the heating power and the heating time;
step S04, after the experiment is started, the output voltage, the ignition power and the ignition time of the electric spark generator 31 in the electric spark generation assembly 3 are adjusted to adjust the ignition energy, and after the oil temperature reaches a set value and is stable, the ignition switch 313 is started to ignite; observing the ignition condition of the transformer oil, and recording the temperature change conditions of an oil layer inside the transformer simulation device and oil vapor above the transformer simulation device by using a thermocouple;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: if the ignition switch 313 is ignited, the ignition switch is extinguished by using a fire extinguishing system after ignition occurs, the ignition energy and the ignition time are reduced, the ignition energy and the ignition step are repeatedly adjusted until the ignition phenomenon of the transformer oil cannot be observed under a certain low energy, the minimum ignition energy of the transformer oil to be detected under the initial oil temperature is further obtained, and data recorded by a first thermocouple above an oil layer in the previous experiment is used as the ignition temperature of the transformer oil;
if no ignition phenomenon is observed, increasing ignition energy and ignition time, repeatedly adjusting the ignition energy and the ignition step until the ignition phenomenon of the transformer oil is observed under a certain higher energy, further obtaining the minimum ignition energy of the transformer oil to be measured under the initial oil temperature, and taking data recorded by a first thermocouple above the oil layer as the ignition temperature of the transformer oil; recording time, transformer oil temperature and ignition energy in each test; then extinguishing the fire by adopting a fire extinguishing system;
step SO5, cooling the transformer simulation assembly to the initial temperature to extinguish the flame, changing the test condition after the transformer simulation assembly is restored to the initial state, preparing for the next test, repeating the steps S02-S04, and recording the temperature and ignition energy of the transformer oil when the transformer oil is ignited at different initial temperatures; in the process of repeating the steps S02-S04, the transformer oil is ensured to be kept at the specified liquid level height and the initial oil temperature before each experiment;
step S06: after all tests are finished, the transformer oil is put out by adopting a fire extinguishing system, the fixed support 12 and the thermocouple are moved away, and after standing, an electric control gate 27 of the recycling fuel pipeline 22 is opened to recycle the transformer oil.
As shown in fig. 7, a graph of the thermocouple temperature variation curve of the oil part of the K150X transformer is shown;
the experimental procedure is as follows:
in the experiment, the distance between thermocouples of each group of thermocouple bundles is 50mm, 40L (334 mm thick) of K150X transformer oil is added into a transformer simulation shell 11, the first thermocouples above the oil layer are respectively T7, T19 and T31, the transformer oil is heated to 100 ℃ and then is ignited once every 5 ℃, the transformer oil is ignited after being ignited at 145 ℃, the oil temperature of the transformer oil at the same height in the transformer simulation shell 11 is basically the same, and the surface temperature measured by the T19 reaches 144 ℃, namely the ignition temperature of the transformer oil is 144 ℃.
The transformer oil ignition experimental device in the embodiment can simulate the ignition process of transformer oil in a transformer when being heated, so that the experimental credibility is improved; the surface and internal temperature changes and the ignition temperature of the transformer oil before and after ignition are measured, the consumption of oil vapor caused by external air flow and ignition test times in the experimental process is eliminated, the accuracy of ignition temperature measurement is improved, a thermocouple is removed in time after detection is finished, and the service life of a detection part is prolonged; the transformer oil temperature can reach the preset temperature through the heating device, the minimum ignition energy of transformer oil ignition at the preset temperature can be measured by utilizing the electric spark generating system, and then the ignition characteristic of the transformer oil is analyzed.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The transformer oil ignition experimental device is characterized by comprising a transformer simulation assembly, a fuel supply recovery assembly, an electric spark generation assembly for igniting transformer oil and a heater for heating the transformer oil;
the transformer simulation assembly comprises a transformer simulation shell and a plurality of temperature measurement parts capable of measuring temperatures at different heights and positions, the temperature measurement parts extend into the transformer simulation shell, the fuel supply recovery assembly comprises a fuel supply pipeline and a fuel recovery pipeline, the fuel supply pipeline is communicated with the upper portion of the transformer simulation shell, the fuel recovery pipeline is communicated with the lower portion of the transformer simulation shell, the electric spark generation assembly comprises an electric spark generator and an ignition electrode, the ignition electrode is connected with the electric spark generator, and the ignition electrode is connected to the wall of the transformer simulation shell and extends into the transformer simulation shell.
2. The transformer oil ignition experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the transformer simulation shell comprises a first shell, a second shell and a base, the second shell is a cavity with an open top end, the first shell is a cavity with an open bottom, the first shell and the second shell are detachably connected, the first shell and the second shell form a cavity for containing transformer oil, the base is connected to the bottom of the second shell, and the heater is placed in the base.
3. The transformer oil ignition experiment device according to claim 2, wherein a fixing bracket for fixing the temperature measuring parts is arranged at the top end of the first shell, the fixing bracket is of a tubular structure, temperature measuring holes are formed in the fixing bracket at intervals, the temperature measuring parts extend into the fixing bracket, and sensing ends of the temperature measuring parts are located at the temperature measuring holes.
4. The transformer oil pilot experiment device of claim 2, wherein the side of the first housing has a plurality of bushing-simulating apertures communicating with the interior thereof; the side wall of the second housing has a first hole for a supply fuel pipe connection and a second hole for a recovery fuel pipe connection, and the side wall of the second housing also has an ignition electrode placing hole for mounting an ignition electrode.
5. The transformer oil ignition experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel supply recycling assembly further comprises an oil storage tank, a recycling tank and a bearing frame, the bearing frame comprises at least two layers of bearing plates which are arranged up and down, the oil storage tank is arranged on the upper bearing plate, the recycling tank is arranged on the lower bearing plate, one end of the fuel supply pipeline is connected with the oil storage tank, the other end of the fuel supply pipeline is connected with the transformer simulation shell, one end of the fuel recycling pipeline is connected with the recycling tank, and the other end of the fuel recycling pipeline is connected with the transformer simulation shell.
6. The transformer oil ignition experiment device according to claim 5, wherein the supply fuel pipeline and the recovery fuel pipeline are provided with electrically controlled gates.
7. The transformer oil ignition experiment device according to claim 5, wherein the bottom of the lower bearing plate is provided with a plurality of adjusting bolts for adjusting the height, the plurality of adjusting bolts are in threaded connection with the lower bearing plate, and the plurality of adjusting bolts are uniformly distributed.
8. The transformer oil ignition experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the electric spark generator is placed on one side of the transformer simulation shell, and the electric spark generator is connected with the ignition electrode through a wire.
9. The transformer oil ignition experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring element is a thermocouple.
10. The transformer oil ignition experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heater is an electric heating furnace.
11. Method for using a transformer oil ignition test device according to any of the preceding claims 1-10, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step S01, assembling the transformer oil ignition experimental device;
step S02, inputting transformer oil into the transformer simulation assembly;
step S03, starting a heater for heating, and stopping heating when the specified initial oil temperature is reached;
step S04, adjusting different ignition energies, igniting, observing the ignition condition of the transformer oil, and recording the temperature and the ignition energy of the transformer oil;
step SO5, cooling the transformer simulation assembly to the initial temperature to be extinguished, recovering to the initial state, repeating the steps S02-S04, and recording the temperature and ignition energy of the transformer oil when the transformer oil is ignited at different initial temperatures;
step S06: and after all tests are finished, cooling after fire extinguishment, removing the temperature measuring piece, and recovering the transformer oil.
12. The transformer oil ignition test method of claim 11,
in the step S01, installing and arranging a transformer simulation assembly, a fuel supply recovery assembly, an electric spark generation assembly, and a heater, extending a temperature measurement member into the transformer simulation assembly, setting a data storage path to store temperature measurement data of the temperature measurement member, and inserting and fixing an ignition electrode into the transformer simulation assembly;
in step S02, the supply fuel pipeline of the fuel supply and recovery module inputs transformer oil into the transformer simulation module;
in step S04, adjusting the output voltage, the ignition power, and the ignition time of the electric spark generator in the electric spark generating assembly to adjust the ignition energy, and igniting when the oil temperature reaches a set value and is stable;
if ignition occurs, extinguishing the transformer oil by using a fire extinguishing system, reducing ignition energy and ignition time, repeating the second step to the fourth step until the transformer oil cannot be ignited under the ignition energy, further obtaining the minimum ignition energy of the transformer oil to be tested under the initial oil temperature, and taking data recorded by a first temperature measuring piece above an oil layer in the previous experiment as the ignition temperature of the transformer oil;
if no ignition phenomenon is observed, increasing ignition energy and ignition time, repeatedly adjusting the ignition energy and the ignition step until the ignition phenomenon of the transformer oil is observed under the ignition energy, further obtaining the minimum ignition energy of the transformer oil to be detected under the initial oil temperature, and taking data recorded by a first temperature measuring piece above the oil layer as the ignition temperature of the transformer oil; in the process of repeating the second step to the fourth step, the transformer oil is ensured to be kept at the specified liquid level height and the initial oil temperature before each experiment;
in the step S06, after all tests are completed, the fire extinguishing system is used to extinguish the test, the temperature measuring part is removed, and the transformer oil is recovered through the fuel supply recovery assembly and the fuel recovery pipeline after standing.
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Application publication date: 20210727 |