CN113176094B - Gas turbine combustion chamber thermoacoustic oscillation on-line monitoring system - Google Patents
Gas turbine combustion chamber thermoacoustic oscillation on-line monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line monitoring system for thermoacoustic oscillation of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine, and belongs to the field of industrial gas turbines. The system comprises a sensor assembly, a data acquisition unit and an upper computer; each flame tube in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is provided with the sensor assembly, and each group of sensor assemblies comprises a pressure pulsation sensor, a vibration acceleration sensor and an infrared high-temperature sensor; the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the electric signals of all the sensor components in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine in real time and converting the electric signals into digital signals to obtain multi-attribute multi-state real-time detection data; the upper computer is used for acquiring and storing the real-time detection data acquired by the data acquisition unit, and performing multi-domain analysis and fault early warning. The invention can improve the timeliness and reliability of the on-line monitoring and early warning of the thermoacoustic oscillation of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine and ensure the safe and stable operation of the gas turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of industrial gas turbines, and particularly relates to an on-line monitoring system for thermoacoustic oscillation of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine.
Background
The combustor is one of the important high temperature core components of a gas turbine. In order to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber, the modern mainstream combustion chamber is a dry type low-nitrogen oxide emission combustion chamber. The dry low-nitrogen oxide emission combustion chamber is based on a lean premixed combustion technology and is easier to generate a thermoacoustic oscillation phenomenon. Thermoacoustic oscillations are mainly generated by mutual coupling of combustion chamber heat release pulsation and pressure fluctuation, and can cause great fluctuation of heat release quantity and pressure, so that combustion of the combustion chamber is unstable, safe and reliable operation of a gas turbine is influenced, and the service life of the combustion chamber is shortened. Therefore, on-line monitoring of gas turbine combustor thermoacoustic oscillations is required.
The existing gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation on-line monitoring system comprises an exhaust temperature distribution monitoring system and a combustion pulsation pressure monitoring system. Many foreign gas turbine manufacturers, such as GE, siemens and mitsubishi, have developed and applied exhaust temperature distribution monitoring systems and combustion pulsation pressure monitoring systems that meet the characteristics of their combustors. Siemens, GE and Mitsubishi define different exhaust temperature dispersity, compare the exhaust temperature dispersity with a set value, and indirectly monitor the combustion chamber thermoacoustic oscillation according to whether an exhaust temperature field is uniform or not by combining the adjacent conditions of measuring points. However, the exhaust temperature measuring point is arranged at the tail of the turbine and has a certain distance from the combustion chamber, certain hysteresis exists in signal monitoring, the unevenness of the exhaust temperature field is difficult to directly correspond to the thermal-acoustic oscillation of the combustion chamber one by one, and the exhaust temperature distribution can be caused by other faults of the turbine and the like.
The existing mature Combustion pulse Pressure monitoring system comprises an OpFlex AutoTune system of GE company, an aSMC (Advanced Stability marker Controller) module of ARGUS (Advanced Stability manager) system of Siemens company, and an A-CPFM (Advanced comfort Pressure Frequency Monitor) system of Mitsubishi.
The OpFlex AutoTune system of GE company adopts advanced Model-Based Control technology MBC (Model-Based Control), can determine the boundary operation parameters of the thermal Model of the gas turbine in real time on line, and establishes a specific Control loop of each parameter to be regulated, thereby improving the Control accuracy. The system can automatically and continuously adjust the combustion chamber in real time by controlling the air flow of the air compressor and the opening of the fuel valve through comprehensively optimizing the IGV angle, and simultaneously, the running state of the gas turbine is calculated in real time by combining an advanced thermodynamic model (ARES) and a virtual sensor technology, so that the flexibility and the reliability of the gas turbine are improved. The system focuses on the control of the operating parameters of the combustion chamber and relies on the establishment of a thermodynamic model, and does not specifically monitor and analyze the combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillations.
An aSMC module contained in an ARGUS system of Siemens corporation can ensure the combustion stability of the combustion engine under partial load and basic load to the maximum extent through the real-time adjustment of combustion parameters. Based on the measurement of the combustion pulsating pressure, the system can automatically evaluate and adjust the combustion parameters in real time, reduce the combustion instability caused by the gas state, the atmospheric condition and the output change, and realize the optimization and high efficiency of the combustion system. The system only measures one parameter of the pressure pulsation, and the measured parameter is single.
The A-CPFM system of Mitsubishi company acquires unit operation data at a high speed through a pressure fluctuation sensor and an acceleration sensor, performs combustion pulsation pressure frequency band analysis on the data to evaluate the combustion stability, and enables the combustion chamber to operate safely and stably by automatically adjusting the on-duty fuel control output signal (PLCSO) and the opening of a bypass valve (BYCSO) of the combustion chamber. Although the system collects two monitoring parameters of pressure pulsation and acceleration, the analysis method is single.
At present, the gas turbines in service at home are almost developed by foreign gas turbine manufacturers, and the corresponding combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation monitoring system is directly provided by the foreign gas turbine manufacturers. In addition, foreign companies seal the relevant technologies of the high-temperature components such as the combustion chamber, and a mature and applicable gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation online monitoring system is not available at home. The research on the gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation on-line monitoring system is relatively late in China, but some research work is carried out and certain progress is made in China.
The invention patent with the application number of 202010738622.X provides a combustion state monitoring method for a gas turbine, which detects the combustion state through flame detector hardware, and judges the combustion state of the gas turbine by combining the detection of the rotating speed of the gas turbine and the exhaust temperature of a turbine, and is a relatively simple combustion state monitoring method with rapid response. However, the method can only judge the flame ignition or extinction state of the combustion chamber, and cannot realize the thermo-acoustic oscillation monitoring of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine.
The invention patent with the application number of 201510556994.X provides an on-line monitoring method for a gas combustion system based on the correlation of exhaust temperature measuring points. A plurality of temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged at the exhaust end of the gas turbine, the data information of each measuring point of the exhaust temperature is fully utilized, the online monitoring of the exhaust temperature is realized by utilizing the shape factor, and the early combustion system fault can be detected. However, the method is an indirect monitoring method, the exhaust temperature field state cannot directly correspond to the combustion state of the combustion chamber, and the method has certain hysteresis.
The invention patent with application number 200980137287.X provides detection of combustion anomalies in a gas turbine engine, time-interval division is carried out on sampling dynamic signals measured by a sensor, and whether the combustion anomalies occur or not is determined through wavelet transformation. The method only monitors the pressure pulsation signal, and has single analysis method for the signal and relatively low analysis reliability.
The invention patent with the application number of 201811155392.3 provides a combustion oscillation monitoring method, and misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis caused by fluctuation of a single dynamic signal is avoided mainly by fusing and collecting a plurality of pressure pulsation signals of a combustion chamber and the periphery of the combustion chamber. The method has single monitoring parameter, is limited to the pressure pulsation signal, and has relatively low analysis reliability compared with a monitoring method of a plurality of monitoring parameters. And the patent only provides a monitoring method, and a complete combustion chamber thermoacoustic oscillation monitoring system is not formed yet.
The invention patent with the application number of 202011314042.4 provides a combustion stability state monitoring and diagnosing system for a gas turbine, which adopts a dynamic pressure sensor to measure a pressure pulsation signal, evaluates the frequency and the amplitude of combustion pressure pulsation through Fourier transform and provides an evaluation index of the increase rate of the amplitude of the combustion pressure pulsation. The occurrence of the unstable combustion phenomenon can be predicted by using the evaluation index. The monitoring system has single monitoring parameter and relatively single signal analysis method.
The invention patent with application number 201510069317.5 provides a combustion process control and optimization system of a gas turbine, which analyzes combustion characteristics of a combustion chamber pulsation value, an exhaust temperature dispersion degree, an inlet pressure value and a fuel temperature value, and adjusts the combustion process by combining a combustion model prediction result. The system combines a plurality of physical parameters, monitors, warns and optimally controls the combustion process on line, ensures the stability of the combustion process, but the judgment of the system on the combustion stability depends on the establishment of a combustion model, and an analysis method based on the model needs expert knowledge and an accurate model, so that the real-time performance of prediction analysis is low.
The technology development and related product development required by the gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation online monitoring system directly influence the localization degree of the gas turbine combustion chamber in China, and belong to the core technology to be broken through urgently and the key product which is firmly developed.
In summary, the monitoring parameters of the current gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation online monitoring system are mainly an exhaust temperature signal or a pressure pulsation signal. Considering the lag problem of the exhaust temperature distribution monitoring system, the unevenness of the exhaust temperature field can not directly correspond to the combustion chamber thermoacoustic oscillation, the system does not carry out exhaust temperature monitoring, and an infrared high-temperature sensor is adopted to directly measure the flame temperature of the combustion chamber. The flame temperature change condition of the combustion chamber is combined with other monitoring parameters for analysis, the thermoacoustic oscillation condition of the combustion chamber can be directly analyzed, and the timeliness and the reliability of online monitoring and fault early warning are facilitated.
Because the combustion chamber is in a complex and severe operating environment with high temperature and high load for a long time, errors can be generated by adopting a single pressure pulsation signal for monitoring, and the thermal acoustic oscillation of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine cannot be reliably monitored. In order to avoid errors generated by monitoring of a single sensor, a gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation online monitoring system capable of synchronously monitoring multiple physical quantities is adopted. Multiple monitoring parameters help to obtain a greater amount of information than a single monitoring parameter. Meanwhile, thermoacoustic oscillation early warning analysis combining multiple analysis methods is developed according to the characteristics of different signals of fast change and slow change.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-line monitoring system for thermoacoustic oscillation of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine, which realizes on-line monitoring and alarming of the thermoacoustic oscillation of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. The system realizes real-time synchronous acquisition of pressure pulsation signals, vibration signals and temperature signals of the combustion chamber, storage of multi-attribute multi-state data, analysis and result display of signal time domains and frequency domains, setting of alarm threshold values and alarm prompt.
In order to solve the problems, the invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation on-line monitoring system comprises a sensor assembly, a data collector and an upper computer;
each flame tube in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is provided with the sensor assembly, and each group of sensor assemblies comprises a pressure pulsation sensor, a vibration acceleration sensor and an infrared high-temperature sensor; the pressure pulsation sensor is arranged on the same circular section of a fire detection point on the flame tube and is used for measuring a pressure pulsation signal of the combustion chamber; the vibration acceleration sensor is arranged at the end cover of the flame tube and used for measuring a vibration acceleration signal of a structural member of the combustion chamber; the infrared high-temperature sensor is arranged at a fire detection point on the flame tube and extends into the fire detection point, and is used for measuring a flame temperature signal of the combustion chamber;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring electric signals of each sensor assembly in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine in real time and converting the electric signals into digital signals to obtain multi-attribute multi-state real-time detection data;
the upper computer is used for acquiring and storing the real-time detection data acquired by the data acquisition unit, and performing multi-domain analysis and fault early warning.
Preferably, the upper computer is provided with a data acquisition module, a fault early warning module, a data storage module and a monitoring analysis module.
Furthermore, the data acquisition module is used for setting the acquisition module, the acquisition channel and the sampling parameters, so that the acquisition parameters are matched with the actual field acquisition equipment, and the accurate reading of the acquired data is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the fault early warning module is used for preprocessing the acquired data, realizing abnormal data restoration and working condition division, and performing fault early warning through a preset warning strategy.
Further, the data storage module is used for respectively storing different types of data in the databases of corresponding types according to a preset data storage strategy; the types of the databases comprise a fault database, a historical database, a start-stop database and a custom database.
Furthermore, the monitoring and analyzing module is used for carrying out visual display and further signal analysis on the data in the database so as to visually display the running state of the combustion chamber; the signal analysis method comprises time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and time frequency analysis.
Further, the alarm strategy comprises a frequency band division alarm, a process quantity alarm and a combined alarm; in the frequency band division alarm, fourier analysis is carried out on the monitored pressure pulsation and vibration acceleration quick change signals, frequency bands are divided respectively, and overrun analysis is carried out in each frequency band to evaluate the combustion stability; in the process quantity alarm, a threshold value is directly set on a time domain for alarming aiming at the temperature slow-change signal; in the combined alarm, the AND or logic result of the alarm states of the channels is calculated by combining the alarm analysis of the channels, and the alarm is sent out according to the set multichannel alarm condition.
Furthermore, the normal data is subjected to sparse processing and then stored in the historical database, so that the problem of overlarge data collection amount is solved.
Further, the time domain analysis comprises a time domain oscillogram and a time domain characteristic trend graph, the frequency domain analysis comprises FFT analysis and envelope spectrum analysis, and the time frequency analysis comprises a waterfall graph and short-time FFT analysis.
Furthermore, the judgment of the alarm state needs to set a confirmation delay, so that the alarm state or the dangerous state is confirmed to be effective only after being maintained for at least a certain time, and the generation of false alarm caused by an interference signal is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that multiple physical quantities are synchronously acquired and analyzed, so that the monitoring error is reduced; the infrared high-temperature sensor is adopted to measure the flame temperature of the combustion chamber, the flame temperature of the combustion chamber directly corresponds to the thermoacoustic oscillation of the combustion chamber, and the method is more direct and timely than the method for monitoring the exhaust temperature, so that the timeliness and reliability of on-line monitoring and fault early warning are improved; the data analysis means is various, including time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and time frequency analysis, can carry out different data analysis to different types of data, has improved monitoring efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single flame tube sensor station arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a functional diagram of a software system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an overall system online monitoring process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
The invention develops a set of gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation online monitoring system for synchronously acquiring and analyzing multiple physical quantities, realizes real-time synchronous acquisition and multi-domain analysis (frequency domain, time domain and time frequency) of multiple physical quantities (combustion chamber pressure pulsation signals, vibration signals and temperature signals), can make online monitoring and early warning of gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation more timely and effective, and is beneficial to ensuring safe and stable operation of the gas turbine.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, an on-line monitoring system for thermoacoustic oscillations of a gas turbine combustor is provided, which is composed of a hardware system and a software system. The hardware system comprises a pressure pulsation sensor 2, a vibration acceleration sensor 3, an infrared high-temperature sensor 4, a data acquisition unit 5 and a computer 6, wherein the computer 6 is used as an upper computer, and the software system is carried on the computer 6. The software system comprises a data acquisition module 7, a fault early warning module 8, a data storage module 9 and a monitoring analysis module 10. The specific connection form and function introduction of each substructure in the gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation on-line monitoring system is as follows:
sensors in communication with the gas turbine combustor 1 are used to obtain simulation data for each monitored location during operation of the gas turbine combustor. And selecting different sensors for measurement according to different monitoring parameters. According to the system, a pressure pulsation sensor 2, a vibration acceleration sensor 3 and an infrared high-temperature sensor 4 are selected for field signal measurement according to parameters to be measured.
The data acquisition unit 5 is connected with the sensor for communication. The data acquisition station 5 is provided with a certain number of acquisition modules, and acquires the electric signals of the sensors on the measuring points of the corresponding combustion chambers on site through acquisition channels, and converts the electric signals into digital signals. The specific type of the data acquisition unit 5 is not limited, and the acquisition function matched with the sensor can be realized.
The computer 6 is in communication connection with the data acquisition unit 5 in a wireless or wired mode, and is internally provided with a data acquisition module 7, a fault early warning module 8, a data storage module 9 and a monitoring analysis module 10, so that real-time synchronous acquisition of a pressure pulsation signal of a combustion chamber of the gas turbine, a vibration acceleration signal of a structural member of the combustion chamber and a flame temperature signal of the combustion chamber, setting of an alarm threshold value and alarm prompt, storage of multi-attribute multi-state data, analysis and result display of a signal time domain and a signal frequency domain and online dynamic monitoring of the running state of equipment are realized. Each module loaded on the computer 6 exists in a software form, the specific programming language is not limited, and the specific programming language can be implemented by java software programming in the embodiment.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a pressure pulsation signal of a combustion chamber, a vibration acceleration signal of a structural member of the combustion chamber, and a flame temperature signal of the combustion chamber are measured, and measuring points for measuring a pressure pulsation sensor 2, a vibration acceleration sensor 3, and an infrared high temperature sensor 4 should be arranged in the combustion chamber. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, a pressure pulsation measuring point is provided at the same circular section of the fire point, and a pressure pulsation signal of the combustion chamber is measured using the pressure pulsation sensor 2; arranging a vibration acceleration measuring point at the end cover of the flame tube, and measuring a vibration acceleration signal of a structural member of the combustion chamber by using a vibration acceleration sensor 3; and setting a flame temperature measuring point at the fire detection point, inserting the probe of the infrared high-temperature sensor 4 into the fire detection point, and measuring a flame temperature signal of the combustion chamber. Each flame tube is provided with a pressure pulsation sensor 2, a vibration acceleration sensor 3 and an infrared high temperature sensor 4. The sensor arrangement scheme of the system is suitable for a ring-pipe-shaped combustion chamber, and if 12 flame tubes of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine of a certain model are circumferentially distributed in the combustion chamber, the system is provided with 12 pressure pulsation sensors 2, 12 vibration acceleration sensors 3 and 12 infrared high-temperature sensors 4 in total.
In detail, as shown in fig. 3, the functions of the functional modules in the software system installed on the computer 6 are as follows:
the data acquisition module 7 mainly includes the functions of acquisition module setting, acquisition channel setting and sampling parameter setting. The acquisition module setting parameters comprise module type, module name, module address, channel number and channel range. The module types include a vibration module, a pressure pulsation module and a temperature module. The module address must be the same as the hardware setting of the module. The number of channels is the number of channels contained in the module. The channel range is the serial number position of the channel of the acquisition module in the similar channel of the acquisition station. The acquisition channel setting parameters comprise a serial number, a channel name, a channel type, a unit, sensitivity, a measuring range and resolution. The lane numbering convention is "A-X-Y". Wherein, A is the serial number of the machine set, X is the serial number of the slot, and Y is the serial number of the channel in the module. The channel types comprise an acceleration channel, a pressure pulsation channel and a temperature channel. All analysis and display units of the system need to be unified. The measuring range comprises an upper limit and a lower limit, and the lower limit of the measuring range of the acceleration sensor channel is fixed to be 0. The resolution, i.e. the resolution of the data storage display, needs to take proper decimal places according to the size of the channel measuring range. The sampling parameter setting parameters comprise sampling frequency, sampling period and acquisition duration. Sampling frequency is the number of sampling points in unit time; the sampling period is the time interval of each sampling; the acquisition time length is the time length of each acquisition. The acquisition parameters are matched with the actual field acquisition equipment, so that the acquisition data can be read accurately. The data acquisition module 7 can realize real-time acquisition of field data and synchronous acquisition of a plurality of physical quantity parameters.
The fault early warning module 8 mainly has four functions of data preprocessing, alarm strategy setting, alarm parameter setting and alarm delay setting. And preprocessing the data acquired by the data acquisition module 7, including abnormal data restoration and working condition division. Abnormal data is repaired to ensure the availability of the data collected on site. The division of the operating conditions is for the application of subsequent signal processing. The working conditions of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine are divided into start-stop and stable operation states. The alarm strategies include dividing frequency band alarm, process quantity alarm and combined alarm. And (4) frequency band division alarming, namely performing Fourier analysis on the monitored pressure pulsation and vibration acceleration fast variation signals, dividing frequency bands respectively, and performing overrun analysis in each frequency band to evaluate the combustion stability. The number of divided bands, the band bandwidth and the corresponding limit values need to be set. And (4) process quantity alarming, namely directly setting a threshold value alarm on a time domain aiming at the temperature slow change signal. And (3) combining alarm, namely combining alarm analysis of a plurality of channels, calculating an AND or logic result of alarm states of the plurality of channels, and giving an alarm according to a set multi-channel alarm condition, wherein the specific multi-channel alarm condition can be combined according to actual needs, for example, the alarm is given if the pressure pulsation frequency band 1 of the channel 1-1-1 is greater than the temperature. The alarm parameters to be set include the number of divided frequency bands, the bandwidth of the frequency bands and the corresponding limit values in the divided frequency band alarm, the corresponding upper and lower temperature limits in the process quantity alarm, and the AND logic in the combined alarm. The alarm state judgment can set confirmation time delay, so that the alarm state or the dangerous state is confirmed to be effective after being maintained for at least a certain time, and false alarm caused by interference signals is avoided. The data needing alarming is abnormal data, otherwise, the data is normal data.
The data storage module 9 mainly functions to set parameters related to data storage, store field data and historical data, and provide relevant required data for online monitoring and data analysis. The data storage can be divided into real-time storage, daily storage, weekly storage and monthly storage according to the acquisition time. The parameters related to data storage comprise the maximum storage time length of real-time storage and the storage time interval of day, week and month storage. The data storage module 9 is divided into a fault database, a history database, a start-stop database and a custom database. Due to the limitation of storage space, all the collected data cannot be stored, so that the normal data is diluted and then stored in a historical database, and the problem of overlarge collected data is solved.
The monitoring and analyzing module 10 is mainly used for performing visual display and further multi-domain signal analysis on the data in the data storage module 9 so as to more visually display the operating state of the combustion chamber. The specific functions of the monitoring and analyzing module 10 include: and (4) performing overview operation, monitoring measuring points and analyzing data. And the operation overview visually gives the operation state of the target combustion chamber, records each alarm event and counts the alarm times. The running state of the combustion chamber comprises a normal state, an alarming state and a shutdown state. And (5) marking the numerical value change condition of each measuring point in the measuring point schematic diagram through the bar graph in the measuring point monitoring. The data analysis can analyze and diagnose different data according to a plurality of data analysis methods provided by the system. The data analysis method comprises three types of time domain analysis (a time domain oscillogram and a time domain characteristic trend chart), frequency domain analysis (FFT analysis and envelope spectrum analysis) and time frequency analysis (a waterfall chart and short-time FFT analysis).
The overall system online monitoring process is shown in fig. 4, and the online monitoring process of the gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation online monitoring system specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and determining the measuring point arrangement of the pressure pulsation sensor 2, the vibration acceleration sensor 3 and the infrared high-temperature sensor 4.
Step two: and measuring a pressure pulsation signal of the combustion chamber, a vibration acceleration signal of a structural member of the combustion chamber and a flame temperature signal of the combustion chamber by using corresponding sensors, and converting the signals into digital signals.
Step three: and preprocessing the acquired data, including abnormal data restoration and working condition division.
Step four: and adopting a certain alarm strategy to carry out fault alarm. The alarm strategies include dividing frequency band alarm, process quantity alarm and combined alarm.
Step five: and storing the acquired data. The data needing alarming is abnormal data, otherwise, the data is normal data. The databases are divided into four types, namely a fault database, a historical database, a start-stop database and a user-defined database. The fault database stores all abnormal data; the historical database stores diluted normal data; the start-stop database stores all start-stop data; the custom database stores data for a specific time period as defined by the user.
Step six: and calling the data in the database, and performing online monitoring and data multi-domain analysis on the data to more intuitively display the running state of the combustion chamber.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The gas turbine combustion chamber thermo-acoustic oscillation on-line monitoring system is characterized by comprising a sensor assembly, a data collector and an upper computer;
each flame tube in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is provided with the sensor assembly, and each group of sensor assemblies comprises a pressure pulsation sensor, a vibration acceleration sensor and an infrared high-temperature sensor; the pressure pulsation sensors are arranged on the same circular section of a fire detection point on the flame tube and used for measuring pressure pulsation signals of the combustion chamber; the vibration acceleration sensor is arranged at the end cover of the flame tube and is used for measuring a vibration acceleration signal of a structural member of the combustion chamber; the infrared high-temperature sensor is arranged at a fire detection point on the flame tube and extends into the fire detection point, and is used for measuring a flame temperature signal of the combustion chamber;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the electric signals of all the sensor components in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine in real time and converting the electric signals into digital signals to obtain multi-attribute multi-state real-time detection data;
the upper computer is used for acquiring and storing the real-time detection data acquired by the data acquisition device, and performing multi-domain analysis and fault early warning;
the upper computer is provided with a data acquisition module, a fault early warning module, a data storage module and a monitoring analysis module;
the data acquisition module is used for setting the acquisition module, the acquisition channel and the sampling parameters, so that the acquisition parameters are matched with actual field acquisition equipment, and the accurate reading of the acquired data is ensured;
the fault early warning module is used for preprocessing the acquired data, realizing abnormal data restoration and working condition division and carrying out fault early warning through a preset alarm strategy;
the data storage module is used for respectively storing different types of data into the databases of corresponding types according to a preset data storage strategy; the types of the databases comprise a fault database, a historical database, a start-stop database and a custom database;
the monitoring analysis module is used for carrying out visual display and further signal analysis on the data in the database so as to visually display the running state of the combustion chamber; the signal analysis method comprises time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and time frequency analysis;
the alarm strategy comprises frequency band division alarm, process quantity alarm and combined alarm; in the frequency band division alarm, fourier analysis is carried out on the monitored pressure pulsation and vibration acceleration quick change signals, frequency bands are divided respectively, and overrun analysis is carried out in each frequency band to evaluate the combustion stability; in the process quantity alarm, a threshold value is directly set on a time domain for alarming aiming at the temperature slow-change signal; in the combined alarm, the AND or logic result of the alarm states of the channels is calculated by combining the alarm analysis of the channels, and the alarm is sent out according to the set multichannel alarm condition.
2. The gas turbine combustor thermoacoustic oscillation online monitoring system of claim 1, wherein normal data is stored in a historical database after being subjected to sparse processing, so as to solve the problem of excessive data collection.
3. The gas turbine combustor on-line monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the time domain analysis comprises a time domain oscillogram and a time domain characteristic trend graph, the frequency domain analysis comprises an FFT analysis and an envelope spectrum analysis, and the time-frequency analysis comprises a waterfall graph and a short-time FFT analysis.
4. The gas turbine combustor thermoacoustic oscillation online monitoring system of claim 3, wherein the alarm state is determined by setting a confirmation delay, so that the alarm state or the dangerous state is maintained for at least a certain time before confirmation is effective, and false alarm caused by an interference signal is avoided.
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| CN116046407B (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-07-14 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Inversion method, device and equipment for vibration load source |
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