CN113175913A - Object inclination dynamic detection device and detection method based on laser ranging - Google Patents
Object inclination dynamic detection device and detection method based on laser ranging Download PDFInfo
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- CN113175913A CN113175913A CN202110511087.9A CN202110511087A CN113175913A CN 113175913 A CN113175913 A CN 113175913A CN 202110511087 A CN202110511087 A CN 202110511087A CN 113175913 A CN113175913 A CN 113175913A
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/12—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using a single pendulum plumb lines G01C15/10
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for dynamically detecting object inclination based on laser ranging, and relates to the technical field of detection equipment. The invention skillfully utilizes mathematical theorem and combines laser ranging equipment, is safe and reliable, can quickly measure the inclination condition of an object, carries out danger early warning on the inclination condition of the object according to the analysis of detection data recorded for a long time, plays a great role in promoting the work of the whole engineering related industry and supervision departments, has long-term significance on the steady development of the society and the people's living and happiness industry, and simultaneously can measure the inclination condition of the objectThe inclination condition of the sensor is dynamically detected, and the detection precision of the inclination angle reaches 10‑6High accuracy of radian, it has the popularization nature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection equipment, in particular to a device and a method for dynamically detecting object inclination based on laser ranging.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the measurement of dynamic inclination angles is more and more important in the engineering field. Currently, a dip meter inclinometer is mostly adopted as a measurement device for an inclination angle, and the dip meter can be mainly classified into a mechanical type, an optical type, an electronic type and the like. The detection method of the bubble level meter still continues to use the traditional bubble level meter when measuring angles in most industries, the detection method judges whether the level is horizontal or not by combining the position of the bubble with operation experience, the bubble in the liquid has strong instability and is easy to be disturbed, the judgment on the levelness can only be roughly estimated, the specific inclination cannot be indicated, and the quantitative processing cannot be carried out, so the application range is very limited; the optical inclinometer mainly takes an optical quadrant as a main part and utilizes the reading in an optical dial to calculate the size of an angle, but the optical quadrant has low precision, complex mechanism and difficult maintenance and can not meet the requirement of digital high-precision measurement. The electronic dip meter can convert the inclination of a horizontal plane into a specific digital signal or an analog signal by using a dip sensor and sends the specific digital signal or the analog signal to a special processor for calculation, most of general electronic dip meters adopt a suspended micro free pendulum bob structure, the pendulum bob points to the center of the earth under the influence of gravity during measurement, when the dip meter and the horizontal plane have a dip angle, the pendulum bob and the horizontal plane have an included angle, the voltage of an induction coil connected with the pendulum bob or the capacitance value between polar plates is changed, a corresponding dip angle value is obtained through a calculation circuit, and the dip sensor is generally based on an MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) technology, electrolyte, an inertial navigation system based on a gyroscope and an adder meter and the like. The inertial navigation system based on the gyroscope and the adding table can realize the measurement of high-precision dynamic precision, but the inertial navigation system is expensive and is difficult to popularize and apply; and other tilt sensors are all static sensors, so that the method is suitable for static testing, the precision of the method can only reach dozens of times of the static error in dynamic testing, the measurement precision is low, and the requirements of engineering measurement are difficult to meet.
However, in the prior art, the mechanical and optical inclinometers have the characteristic of low measurement accuracy, and are not suitable for high-accuracy and dynamic detection due to overlarge dependence on people in the use process; the electronic dip meter of the inertial navigation system based on the gyroscope and the adding meter can realize the measurement of high-precision dynamic precision, but the electronic dip meter is expensive and difficult to popularize and apply, and other dip sensors are static sensors and are suitable for static test, in the dynamic test, the precision of the electronic dip meter can only reach dozens of times of static error, the measurement precision is low, and the requirement of engineering measurement is difficult to meet. With the development of science and technology, in recent two years, science and technology such as photography technology and GPS are gradually applied to dynamic detection by people, and although the requirements for high precision can be met, the requirements for the performance of a camera and GPS signal receiving and transmitting equipment are high, and the corresponding cost is very high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, the existing mechanical and optical inclinometers have low measurement precision, the electronic inclinometer of the inertial navigation system based on a gyroscope and a meter is expensive and can only measure a static inclination angle, and meanwhile, the photography technology, the GPS technology and other technologies are not suitable for daily dynamic inclination angle detection due to high cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a dynamic detection device and a detection method for object inclination based on laser ranging, which comprises the following steps:
in a first aspect, this technical scheme provides an object slope dynamic detection device based on laser rangefinder, including laser displacement meter and fixing bolt, there is the stand bottom of laser displacement meter through fixing bolt fixed mounting, just the bottom welding of stand has the base, the welding of the front end top of base has balanced support, just the top movable mounting of balanced support has the gravity balancing pole, the plumb line department of gravity balancing pole is pegged graft and is had the plumb pole setting, just the bottom fixed mounting of plumb pole setting has the gravity balance ball, there is the laser reflection board at the top of plumb pole setting through fixing bolt fixed mounting.
As a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the base is uniformly provided with fixing anchor holes.
In a preferred embodiment, the laser displacement meter is provided with a rear end of a laser reflector at a front end thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the oblique section of the gravity balance bar is a regular triangle.
In a preferred embodiment, the gravity centers of the vertical plumb rod, the gravity balance rod and the gravity balance ball are all located on the axis of the vertical plumb rod.
In a second aspect, the present technical solution provides a method for detecting an object tilt dynamic detection apparatus based on laser ranging, including the following steps:
s1, fixing the micro-vibration inclination angle measuring device on the surface of the object to be measured, and measuring the horizontal distance L between the laser displacement meter and the laser reflection plate in the initial state0；
S2, when the object slightly vibrates, the support system and the laser displacement meter on the upright post are wholly inclined, the balance system and the laser reflection plate are wholly kept in an absolute vertical state under the action of gravity, the balance system is in contact with the support system in the groove of the balance support, the contact position is always unchanged, the horizontal distance between the laser displacement meter and the laser reflection plate is measured to be L, and the inclination of the object after slight vibration is obtained to be L0-L)/1000。
In the operation step in S2: let H be the height difference between the end line of the gravity balancing pole and the laser emission point of the laser displacement meter, the object inclination angle under the action of micro-vibration is alpha,
because the inclination angle of the object under the action of the micro-vibration is extremely small, the principle of infinitesimal equivalence in higher mathematics is used
And (6) performing calculation.
In the operation step in S2: let H be the height difference between the end line of the gravity balancing pole and the laser emission point of the laser displacement meter, the object inclination angle under the action of micro-vibration is alpha,
because the inclination angle of the object under the action of the micro-vibration is extremely small, the principle of infinitesimal equivalence in higher mathematics is used
And (6) performing calculation.
In a preferred embodiment, the accuracy of displacement measurement of the laser displacement meter is 0.001mm, and H is 1000mm, so that the accuracy of the tilt angle α is 10-6And (4) radian.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that,
1. the invention provides an object inclination dynamic detection device and a detection method based on laser ranging, which are ingenious in design, adopt a combination of a laser displacement meter and a laser reflector, skillfully utilize mathematical theorem and combine laser ranging equipment, are safe and reliable, can quickly measure the inclination condition of an object, and carry out danger early warning on the inclination condition of the object according to the analysis of detection data recorded for a long time, play a great role in promoting the work of the whole engineering related industry and supervision departments, and have long-term significance on the steady development of the society and the people's peace and happiness industry.
2. The invention provides an object inclination dynamic detection device and method based on laser ranging, which can dynamically detect the inclination condition of an object and meet the requirement that the detection precision of the inclination angle reaches 10-6High accuracy of radian, it has the popularization nature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an apparatus for dynamically detecting tilt of an object according to the present invention, the apparatus being based on laser ranging;
FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of an apparatus for dynamically detecting tilt of an object according to the present invention, the apparatus being based on laser ranging;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a gravity balance ball of an object tilt dynamic detection device based on laser ranging according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a calculation of a dynamic detection method of object tilt based on laser ranging according to the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings: 1. a laser displacement meter; 2. a laser reflecting plate; 3. a column; 4. erecting a plumb bob; 5. a gravity balancing pole; 6. a gravity balance ball; 7. a balance support; 8. a base; 9. fixing the bolt; 10. and fixing the anchor hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In a first aspect, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention provides a dynamic object tilt detection device based on laser ranging, including a laser displacement meter 1 and a fixing bolt 9, wherein a vertical column 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the laser displacement meter 1 through the fixing bolt 9, a base 8 is welded at the bottom of the vertical column 3, a balance support 7 is welded at the top of the front end of the base 8, a gravity balance rod 5 is movably installed at the top of the balance support 7, a plumb vertical rod 4 is inserted at a perpendicular bisector of the gravity balance rod 5, a gravity balance ball 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the plumb vertical rod 4, a laser reflection plate 2 is fixedly installed at the top of the plumb vertical rod 4 through the fixing bolt 9, fixed anchor holes 10 are uniformly opened at the outer side of the base 8, the rear end of the laser reflection plate 2 is installed at the front end of the laser displacement meter 1, the oblique cross section of the gravity balance rod 5 is a regular triangle, the gravity centers of the plumb vertical rod 4, the gravity balance rod 5 and the gravity balance ball 6 are all positioned on the axis of the plumb vertical rod 4.
In the present embodiment, the laser displacement meter 1 uses a micro-epsilon optpncd dt1402 laser displacement sensor, and the device comprises a support system, a gravity balance system and a measuring system. As shown in fig. 1, the support system is composed of a base 8, a column 3, a balance support 7 and a fixed anchor hole 10, the gravity balance system is composed of a plumb vertical rod 4, a gravity balance rod 5 and a gravity balance ball 6, and the measurement system is composed of a laser displacement meter 1, a laser reflection plate 2 and a fixed bolt 9.
The base 8, the upright column 3 and the balance support 7 are made of No. 45 steel with good rigidity, and the absolute position relation of the base 8, the upright column 3 and the balance support is ensured by adopting a high-precision argon arc welding mode in a welding mode; the plumb vertical rod 4, the gravity balance rod 5 and the gravity balance ball 6 also adopt No. 45 steel as raw materials, and the connection mode adopts high-precision argon arc welding to ensure that the centers of gravity of the three components are all positioned on the axis of the plumb vertical rod 4; a 120-degree groove is formed in the top of the balance support 7, the oblique section of the gravity balance rod 5 is in a regular triangle shape, and the bottom of the groove of the balance support 7 is subjected to smoothing treatment to reduce friction with the balance rod 5; the fixing bolt 9 is screwed at the bolt hole reserved at the top of the upright post 3 and the upright post 4 and is used for fixing the laser displacement meter 1 and the laser reflecting plate 2.
The height difference between the end line of the gravity balance rod 5 and the laser emission point of the laser displacement meter 1 is 1m, the center of the laser reflection plate 2 and the emission point of the laser displacement meter 1 are located on the same horizontal plane, and the laser emitted by the laser displacement meter 1 can accurately irradiate the rear end of the laser emission plate 2.
Example 2
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the present invention provides a dynamic object tilt detection method based on laser ranging, where the dynamic object tilt detection method based on laser ranging includes the following steps:
s1, fixing the micro-vibration inclination angle measuring device on the surface of the object to be measured, and measuring the horizontal distance L between the laser displacement meter 1 and the laser reflection plate 2 in the initial state0；
S2, when the object slightly vibrates, the support system and the whole laser displacement meter 1 on the upright post 3 incline, the balance system and the whole laser reflection plate 2 keep an absolute vertical state under the action of gravity, the balance system is contacted with the support system in the groove of the balance support 7, the contact position is always unchanged, the horizontal distance between the laser displacement meter 1 and the laser reflection plate 2 is measured to be L, and the inclination of the object after slight vibration is obtained to be (L)0-L)/1000。
In the operation step in S2: let H be the height difference between the end line of the gravity balance rod 5 and the laser emission point of the laser displacement meter 1,the inclination angle of the object under the action of micro-vibration is alpha,
because the inclination angle of the object under the action of the micro-vibration is extremely small, the principle of infinitesimal equivalence in higher mathematics is used
The displacement measurement accuracy of the laser displacement meter 1 was calculated to be 0.001mm, and since H is 1000mm, the inclination angle α accuracy was 10-6And (4) radian.
The method has the advantages that the mathematical theorem is skillfully utilized, the laser ranging equipment is combined, the dynamic detection can be carried out on the inclination condition of the object, and the detection precision of the inclination angle reaches 10 when the requirement is met-6High accuracy of radian, it has the popularization nature. Meanwhile, the device is safe and reliable in use, can quickly measure the inclination condition of an object, and carries out danger early warning on the inclination condition according to analysis of detection data recorded for a long time, so that the device plays a great role in promoting the work of the whole engineering related industry and supervision departments, and has long-term significance on steady development of the society and the people's living and entertainment industry.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an object slope dynamic detection device based on laser rangefinder, includes laser displacement meter (1) and fixing bolt (9), its characterized in that: the bottom of laser displacement meter (1) has stand (3) through fixing bolt (9) fixed mounting, just the bottom welding of stand (3) has base (8), the welding of the front end top of base (8) has balanced support (7), just the top movable mounting of balanced support (7) has gravity balancing pole (5), the perpendicular bisector department of gravity balancing pole (5) is pegged graft and is had plumb pole setting (4), just the bottom fixed mounting of plumb pole setting (4) has gravity balance ball (6), the top of plumb pole setting (4) has laser reflecting plate (2) through fixing bolt (9) fixed mounting.
2. The device for dynamically detecting the inclination of an object based on laser ranging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: four fixing anchor holes (10) are uniformly formed in the outer side of the base (8).
3. The device for dynamically detecting the inclination of an object based on laser ranging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the center of the laser reflecting plate (2) and the emitting point of the laser displacement meter (1) are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
4. The device for dynamically detecting the inclination of an object based on laser ranging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the oblique section of the gravity balancing pole (5) is a regular triangle.
5. The device for dynamically detecting the inclination of an object based on laser ranging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gravity centers of the plumb vertical rod (4), the gravity balance rod (5) and the gravity balance ball (6) are all located on the axis of the plumb vertical rod (4).
6. A detection method of an object inclination dynamic detection device based on laser ranging, which uses the object inclination dynamic detection device based on laser ranging as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps:
s1, fixing the micro-vibration inclination angle measuring device on the surface of the object to be measured, and measuring the horizontal distance L between the laser displacement meter (1) and the laser reflection plate (2) in the initial state0；
S2, when the object slightly vibrates, the support system and the laser displacement meter (1) on the upright post (3) are wholly inclined, and the balance system and the laser reflection plate (2) are wholly kept in an absolute vertical state under the action of gravity and are in absolute vertical state with the supportThe system is contacted with the groove of the balance support (4), the contact position is always unchanged, the horizontal distance between the laser displacement meter (1) and the laser reflection plate (2) is measured to be L, and the inclination of the object after micro-vibration is obtained to be L0-L)/1000。
7. The method for detecting the device for dynamically detecting the inclination of an object based on the laser ranging as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the operation step of S2: h is the height difference between the end line of the gravity balancing rod (5) and the laser emission point of the laser displacement meter (1), the inclination angle of the object under the action of micro-vibration is alpha,
because the inclination angle of the object under the action of the micro-vibration is extremely small, the principle of infinitesimal equivalence in higher mathematics is used
And (6) performing calculation.
8. The method for detecting the dynamic detection device of the object inclination based on the laser ranging as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the displacement measuring precision of the laser displacement meter (1) is 0.001mm, H is 1000mm, so the precision of the inclination angle alpha is 10-6And (4) radian.
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| CN202110511087.9A CN113175913A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Object inclination dynamic detection device and detection method based on laser ranging |
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| CN114001713A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-02-01 | 湖南凌翔磁浮科技有限责任公司 | High-temperature superconducting maglev train stator detection method and detection system |
| CN114415464A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-29 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical axis calibration device and system |
| CN115638769A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-01-24 | 西南交通大学 | Slope inclination angle monitoring device and slope safety coefficient calculation method |
| CN117109535A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-11-24 | 宁夏交通建设股份有限公司 | Inclination angle measuring device and dynamic measuring method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210727 |
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