CN113175317B - Sensor directional installation device and installation method - Google Patents
Sensor directional installation device and installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113175317B CN113175317B CN202110379262.3A CN202110379262A CN113175317B CN 113175317 B CN113175317 B CN 113175317B CN 202110379262 A CN202110379262 A CN 202110379262A CN 113175317 B CN113175317 B CN 113175317B
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- lower piston
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
Abstract
The invention provides a sensor directional installation device and an installation method, comprising the following steps: the device comprises a sleeve, an upper piston, a couplant, a lower piston, a sensor and an orientation instrument; a containing cavity is formed in the sleeve; the upper piston, the couplant, the lower piston and the sensor are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve; the orientation instrument is connected with the outer end part of one side of the sleeve close to the upper piston; the sleeve is provided with a pipeline at one side of the orientation instrument, the pipeline is used for conveying media into the accommodating cavity, and the media are used for pushing the upper piston, the couplant and the lower piston to move. According to the sensor directional installation device and the sensor directional installation method, the sensor is buried in the drill hole, so that vector information in the drill hole is obtained, and powerful guarantee is provided for geological exploration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a sensor directional installation device and a sensor directional installation method.
Background
According to incomplete statistics, various geological exploration and mine geological disaster management drilling holes constructed in China every year are about 8 to 10 ten thousand, wherein the ratio of the resource geological exploration to the hydrogeological exploration drilling holes is more than 80%, and more than 90% of the drilling holes are not reserved once completed. Various geological conditions between the borehole and the surrounding are not available as aquifer hydrogeological characterization data for the borehole. This not only stops the drilling of significant investments from the formation of the borehole, but also wastes much of the information sent in the mine production that contributes to the exploration. On the other hand, the north China karst deep well with coal resources of 1237.45 hundred million tons and mining depth exceeding 1000m is severely threatened by disasters such as rock burst, coal and gas protrusion, bottom plate water protrusion, geothermal heat and the like due to high pressure, high temperature, high gas and high ground stress, and under the condition of lacking of detailed geological data, possible dangerous sources cannot be positioned, so that a large amount of coal reserves are trapped. Therefore, the expansion and long-term utilization of the functions of the geological exploration drilling are not only the production needs, but also the green energy-saving exploration needs, and how to embed the sensor in the geological exploration drilling, and the data acquisition instrument is installed at the orifice to acquire the drilling related data becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sensor directional installation device which is used for solving the problems that in the prior art, related parameters of a drill hole cannot be acquired, geological data are insufficient, possible dangerous sources cannot be positioned, a large amount of coal reserves are trapped, and vector information in the drill hole can be acquired by embedding a sensor in the drill hole, so that guarantee is provided for geological exploration.
The invention also provides a mounting method of the sensor directional mounting device, which is used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the related parameters of the drill hole cannot be acquired, so that geological data is insufficient, possible dangerous sources cannot be positioned, a large amount of coal reserves are trapped, and vector information in the drill hole can be acquired by embedding the sensor in the drill hole, so that the guarantee is provided for geological exploration.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a sensor orientation mounting device comprising: the device comprises a sleeve, an upper piston, a couplant, a lower piston, a sensor and an orientation instrument;
a containing cavity is formed in the sleeve;
the upper piston, the couplant, the lower piston and the sensor are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve;
The orientation instrument is connected with the outer end part of one side of the sleeve close to the upper piston;
The sleeve is provided with a pipeline at one side of the orientation instrument, the pipeline is used for conveying media into the accommodating cavity, and the media are used for pushing the upper piston, the couplant and the lower piston to move.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the sensor comprises: the device comprises a sensing unit, a head fixing seat, a tail fixing seat and an elastic part;
The head fixing seat is connected with one side of the sensing unit, which is close to the outlet of the sleeve;
the tail fixing seat is connected with one side, facing the lower piston, of the sensing unit;
the elastic parts are connected with the head fixing seat and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the head fixing seat along the axial direction of the sleeve;
the elastic part is abutted with the inner wall of the sleeve and used for positioning the sensing unit in the sleeve.
In particular, the present embodiment provides an implementation of the sensor that satisfies the positioning of the sensor within the casing and within the borehole by providing an elastic portion that prevents the sensor from rotating or swinging.
Further, in this embodiment the resilient portion is a barb-type spring clip that allows the sensor to move only downward and not upward. The elastic part is arranged at the forefront end of the interior of the sleeve, when the drilling tool conveys the drilling tool to a preset level, the sleeve is inflated and pressurized, the sensor is pushed out along the guide groove, the spring is opened and clamped on the hole wall, grouting is carried out on the periphery of the sensor and the upper and lower hole sections, and after the sensor is coupled and fixed with the hole wall, the sensor of the drilling tool is lifted and automatically left in place.
It should be noted that the pressure of the elastic part pushed out is 2 to 4 atmospheres greater than the drilling pressure, the pressure is too small, and the piston cannot push out of the sensor; the excessive pressure, the slurry mixed by the piston before pushing out the sensor, will be pushed out together, consolidating the sensor into the casing, causing installation failure.
It should be noted that, before the sensor is used, the sensing pieces are numbered in sequence according to the right-hand spiral rule, namely, the thumb points to the signal transmission direction, and the four fingers point to the number increasing direction of the sensing pieces, so that the sequence of the sensing pieces is not disordered.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the sensor comprises: the device comprises a sensing unit, a head fixing seat, a tail fixing seat, a sliding ring and an elastic part;
The head fixing seat is connected with one side of the sensing unit, which is close to the outlet of the sleeve;
the tail fixing seat is connected with one side, facing the lower piston, of the sensing unit;
The sliding ring is connected with the tail fixing seat;
The elastic parts are respectively connected with the head fixing seat and the sliding ring and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the head fixing seat along the axial direction of the sleeve;
the elastic part is abutted with the inner wall of the sleeve and used for positioning the sensing unit in the sleeve.
In particular, the present embodiment provides another implementation of the sensor, which satisfies the positioning of the sensor in the casing and in the borehole by providing an elastic portion, avoiding the sensor from rotating or swinging.
Further, in this embodiment the spring is a playback spring clip that is retracted to rest at the foremost end of the system housing sleeve when not in use. When the sensor is sent to a preset level, the sensor is pushed out along the guide groove of the sleeve by air pressure, and the spring clamp is stretched and clamps the hole wall, so that the sensor cannot rotate or swing. And grouting the sensor, so that the sensor is coupled and fixed with the hole wall, and then lifting the drilling tool, so that the sensor is automatically left in place.
It should be noted that the pressure of the elastic part pushed out is 2 to 4 atmospheres greater than the drilling pressure, the pressure is too small, and the piston cannot push out of the sensor; the excessive pressure, the slurry mixed by the piston before pushing out the sensor, will be pushed out together, consolidating the sensor into the casing, causing installation failure.
It should be noted that, before the sensor is used, the sensing pieces are numbered in sequence according to the right-hand spiral rule, namely, the thumb points to the signal transmission direction, and the four fingers point to the number increasing direction of the sensing pieces, so that the sequence of the sensing pieces is not disordered.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a piston stop for preventing the lower piston from sliding out of the accommodating chamber is arranged on the side, close to the sensor, of the sleeve;
the piston stops are provided with guide clamping grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the elastic parts.
Specifically, this embodiment provides a sheathed tube embodiment, through set up the piston and keep off at sheathed tube tip, avoid down the piston to slide from the sleeve pipe, set up the direction draw-in groove simultaneously on the piston keeps off, when installing the sensor, be provided with one side installation that the piston kept off from the sleeve pipe, the elasticity portion of sensor is followed and is slided into in the direction draw-in groove, and be in the direction draw-in groove partially, be convenient for follow-up lower piston extrusion sensor is released the sensor, the setting of direction draw-in groove also avoids the sensor to rotate in the sleeve pipe, let the sensor can be pushed into the predetermined level in the downthehole along the guide slot during the installation.
The piston block is detachably connected with the sleeve, so that the upper piston, the couplant, the lower piston and the sensor can be conveniently installed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the coupling agent comprises at least two coupling sub-agents;
Each coupling sub-agent is arranged in an independent accommodating unit in the accommodating cavity;
All the coupling sub-agents are sprayed out from the lower piston towards one side of the sensor under the extrusion action of the upper piston and then mixed to form a mixed structure for fixing the sensor.
Specifically, the present embodiment provides an implementation of a coupling agent, in which at least two kinds of coupling agent are independently packaged in a containing chamber, and when not mixed, the coupling agent is liquid or colloid, and when ejected from a lower piston toward one side of a sensor, the coupling agent is finally solidified into solid after being mixed, and a small amount of heat is emitted.
It should be noted that, the setting of couplant is because drilling obtains the intensive mixing back and flows out, gets into around the sensor, is full of the space between sensor and the pore wall, solidification for sensor and pore wall country rock coupling are as an organic whole, make the elastic wave signal that comes from the country rock can not take place refraction, speed reduction or phase shift.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the lower piston comprises: the device comprises a mixing pipe, a branch pipe, a valve body and an impeller;
the mixing pipe is connected with the valve body and is arranged at one side of the lower piston facing the sensor;
the valve body is connected with the branch pipes and is arranged on one side of the lower piston facing the sensor;
The branch pipes axially penetrate through the lower piston along the sleeve and are correspondingly connected with the accommodating units of the coupling agent one by one;
the impeller is arranged in the mixing pipe and is used for stirring the couplant passing through the mixing pipe;
the valve body comprises a first pressure threshold value for conducting the mixing pipe and the branch flow pipes.
Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation of lower piston, the drainage and the mixing to different kinds of coupling sub-agents have been realized through setting up mixing tube and tributary pipe, through setting up valve body and impeller, when the pressure that the valve body received exceeds first pressure threshold value, the valve body is opened, the impeller rotates and stirs the coupling sub-agent that flows through, the coupling sub-agent realizes mixing, finally pour into around the sensor into, the space between sensor and the pore wall is full of, solidification, make sensor and pore wall surrounding rock coupling as an organic whole, make the elastic wave signal that comes from the surrounding rock can not take place refraction, speed reduction or phase shift.
Furthermore, the toothpaste-like paste can be filled in the mixing tube in advance so as to prevent the coupler from naturally mixing and solidifying and affecting the use. When in use, the paste is discharged under pressure, replaced by the coupling agent liquid, and mixed and filled to form the coupling agent.
In an application scenario, a sealing cover is further arranged at the outlet of the mixing pipe, when the pressure exceeds the drilling pressure by 1MPa, the sealing cover is opened, mixed slurry is injected into the surrounding and upper and lower spaces of the sensor, the opening pressure of the sealing cover is larger than 1 atmosphere of the pushing pressure of the sensor, and the sealing cover is arranged to prevent the paste from sliding out under the condition that the couplant enters.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: a second pressure threshold value, which is a pressure value of the lower piston pushing the sensor out of the sleeve;
Wherein the first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold.
In particular, the present embodiment provides an implementation of the second pressure threshold, by setting the second pressure threshold to the ejection pressure of the sensor, it is ensured that no mixing of the coupling agent occurs when the sensor is ejected from the cannula.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the orientation apparatus is an electronic compass.
Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation manner of the orientation instrument, through the electronic compass, a certain numbered chip of a sensor arranged at a certain level or depth in a hole can be recorded in a certain direction at a certain moment, then the drill rod is lifted, the electronic compass and the sleeve are automatically separated from the sensor, the sensor is left at a designed level, the electronic compass is lifted, and data are read, wherein azimuth data before lifting is the azimuth of a certain chip of the sensor.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an installation method of the above-mentioned sensor orientation installation device, including:
acquiring azimuth characteristics of an induction sheet in the sensor;
Grouting the drilling holes with cement slurry until the precipitated solid reaches a first buried layer;
numbering the sensing pieces of each sensor according to a right-hand spiral rule, and calibrating a clock of the orientation instrument with a standard clock;
Sequentially installing an upper piston, a couplant, a lower piston, a sensor and an orientation instrument into the sleeve, and arranging the orientation instrument on one side of the sleeve far away from the sensor;
extending the casing along the borehole to a first buried horizon and marking the first time;
The medium is conveyed into the accommodating cavity of the sleeve through the pipeline, after the pressure in the accommodating cavity reaches a second pressure threshold value, the upper piston, the couplant and the lower piston push the sensor to slide out from the outlet end of the sleeve, wherein the sensor after sliding out is positioned between the elastic part and the inner wall of the drill hole;
Continuously conveying a medium into the sleeve, and keeping the pressure in the accommodating cavity not lower than a first pressure threshold after the pressure in the accommodating cavity reaches the first pressure threshold;
the upper piston extrudes the couplant, the couplant flows out from the branch pipe and the valve body on the lower piston and then enters the mixing pipe, and the couplant is sprayed out from the mixing pipe to realize grouting around the sensor in the drill hole;
marking the whole couplant as a second time after the injection is finished, and taking out the sleeve and the orientation instrument from the drill hole;
acquiring azimuth angle data of a sensor recorded by an orientation instrument, and extracting azimuth angle information of the orientation instrument at the first time and the second time;
Repeating the steps until all the embedded layers are embedded with the sensors.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the step of sequentially installing the upper piston, the couplant, the lower piston, the sensor and the orientation apparatus into the casing specifically includes:
Acquiring the lithology of surrounding rock of the inner wall of the drill hole, and acquiring an elastic model of the surrounding rock;
And selecting the couplant with the same elastic mode according to the elastic mode of the surrounding rock.
Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation mode of the couplant, and the elastic mode of the couplant is identical to the elastic mode of the surrounding rock, so that the stability and the firmness of the couplant to the sensor are ensured, the sensor and the surrounding rock are integrated, and the physical signal in the stratum is not distorted.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the length of the casing is dependent on the sensor and the space to be drilled below it. Since the sensor is suspended above the bore wall, the space around and below the sensor determines the length of the casing. The larger this portion of space, the larger the volume of the couplant reservoir of the sleeve should be. If the space is too large, the amount of the couplant is insufficient to fill the space, so that the couplant does not exist around the sensor, the sensor cannot function, and the installation fails; the smaller this portion of space, the smaller the volume of the couplant reservoir should be. If the space is too small, the redundant couplant can couple the sleeve and the hole wall together, the coupling space of the sensor is destroyed when the drill is started, and even the sensor is pulled up together, lifted to the ground, and the installation is failed. To avoid this problem, the empty section below the target layer is filled with cement paste before the sensor is run down until the bottom of the sensor is filled.
The above technical solutions in the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: according to the sensor directional installation device and the sensor directional installation method, the sensor and the directional instrument are buried in the drill hole, so that vector information in the drill hole is obtained, and powerful guarantee is provided for geological exploration.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of a sensor orientation mounting apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a piston stop structure at the end of a sleeve in the sensor orientation mounting device provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the assembly relationship of a sensor in the sensor orientation mounting apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic view of the assembly relationship of the sensor in the sensor orientation mounting apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower piston in the sensor orientation mounting apparatus provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a construction schematic diagram of the sensor directional mounting device provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
10. a sleeve; 11. A pipeline; 12. A piston block;
13. A guide clamping groove; 20. An upper piston; 30. A coupling agent;
40. a lower piston; 41. A mixing tube; 42. A branch flow pipe;
43. a valve body; 44. An impeller; 50. A sensor;
51. A sensing unit; 52. A head fixing seat; 53. A tail fixing seat;
54. an elastic part; 55. A slip ring; 60. An orientation instrument;
70. and (3) cement.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-6, the present solution provides a sensor 50 directional mounting device comprising: the sleeve 10, the upper piston 20, the couplant 30, the lower piston 40, the sensor 50 and the orientation meter 60; the casing 10 has an accommodating chamber formed therein; the upper piston 20, the couplant 30, the lower piston 40 and the sensor 50 are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve 10; the orientator 60 is connected with the outer end part of the sleeve 10 on one side close to the upper piston 20; the sleeve 10 is provided with a pipe 11 on one side of the direction finder 60, the pipe 11 being used for conveying a medium into the accommodating chamber, the medium being used for pushing the movements of the upper piston 20, the couplant 30 and the lower piston 40.
In detail, the present invention provides a directional installation device for a sensor 50, which is used for solving the defects that the prior art cannot acquire the relevant parameters of the borehole, further lacks of detailed geological data, cannot locate possible dangerous sources, and causes a large amount of trapped coal reserves, and the sensor 50 is buried in the borehole to acquire vector information in the borehole, so as to provide powerful guarantee for geological exploration.
In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the sensor 50 includes: a sensing unit 51, a head fixing base 52, a tail fixing base 53 and an elastic part 54; the head fixing seat 52 is connected with one side of the sensing unit 51, which is close to the outlet of the sleeve 10; the tail fixing seat 53 is connected with the sensing unit 51 towards one side of the lower piston 40; the elastic parts 54 are connected with the head fixing seat 52 and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the head fixing seat 52 along the axial direction of the sleeve 10; wherein the elastic portion 54 abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve 10 for positioning the sensing unit 51 within the sleeve 10.
In particular, the present embodiment provides an implementation of the sensor 50 that satisfies the positioning of the sensor 50 within the casing 10 and within the borehole by providing the resilient portion 54, avoiding rotation or wobble of the sensor 50.
Further, in this embodiment the resilient portion 54 is a barb-type spring clip that allows the sensor 50 to move only downward and not upward. The elastic part 54 is arranged at the forefront end of the interior of the sleeve, when the drilling tool is used for conveying the drilling tool to a preset level, the sleeve is inflated and pressurized, the sensor 50 is pushed out along the guide groove, the spring is opened and clamped on the hole wall, grouting is carried out on the periphery and the upper and lower hole sections of the sensor 50, and after the sensor is coupled and fixed with the hole wall, the drilling tool sensor 50 is lifted and automatically left in place.
It should be noted that, the pressure of the elastic portion 54 pushed out is 2 to 4 atmospheres greater than the drilling pressure, the pressure is too small, and the piston cannot push out of the sensor 50; the excessive pressure, the slurry mixed by the piston before pushing out the sensor 50, will be forced out together, consolidating the sensor 50 into the casing 10, causing a failure in installation.
It should be noted that, before use, the sensor 50 sequentially numbers the sensing pads according to the right-hand spiral rule, that is, the thumb points in the signal transmission direction, and the four fingers point in the increasing direction of the sensing pad number, so that the sensing pad sequence is not disordered.
In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the sensor 50 includes: the sensor unit 51, the head fixing base 52, the tail fixing base 53, the sliding ring 55 and the elastic part 54; the head fixing seat 52 is connected with one side of the sensing unit 51, which is close to the outlet of the sleeve 10; the tail fixing seat 53 is connected with the sensing unit 51 towards one side of the lower piston 40; the sliding ring 55 is connected with the tail fixing seat 53; the elastic parts 54 are respectively connected with the head fixing seat 52 and the sliding ring 55 and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the head fixing seat 52 along the axial direction of the sleeve 10; wherein the elastic portion 54 abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve 10 for positioning the sensing unit 51 within the sleeve 10.
In particular, the present embodiment provides another implementation of the sensor 50, by providing the resilient portion 54 to accommodate positioning of the sensor 50 within the casing 10 and within the borehole, avoiding rotation or wobble of the sensor 50.
Further, in this embodiment the spring portion 54 is a playback spring clip that is retracted to be positioned at the foremost end of the system housing sleeve 10 when not in use. When the sensor 50 is delivered to a predetermined level, the sensor 50 is pushed out by air pressure along the guide slot of the sleeve 10, and the spring clip expands and clamps the hole wall so that the sensor 50 cannot rotate or swing. The sensor 50 is then grouting to couple it to the borehole wall and then the drill is lifted, leaving the sensor 50 in place automatically.
It should be noted that, the pressure of the elastic portion 54 pushed out is 2 to 4 atmospheres greater than the drilling pressure, the pressure is too small, and the piston cannot push out of the sensor 50; the excessive pressure, the slurry mixed by the piston before pushing out the sensor 50, will be forced out together, consolidating the sensor 50 into the casing 10, causing a failure in installation.
It should be noted that, before use, the sensor 50 sequentially numbers the sensing pads according to the right-hand spiral rule, that is, the thumb points in the signal transmission direction, and the four fingers point in the increasing direction of the sensing pad number, so that the sensing pad sequence is not disordered.
In some possible embodiments of the invention, the sleeve 10 is provided with a piston stop 12 on the side close to the sensor 50 for preventing the lower piston 40 from sliding out of the housing chamber; the piston block 12 is provided with guide clamping grooves 13 corresponding to the elastic parts 54 one by one.
Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the sleeve 10, by providing the piston block 12 at the end of the sleeve 10, avoiding the lower piston 40 sliding out from the sleeve 10, and simultaneously providing the guide clamping groove 13 on the piston block 12, when the sensor 50 is installed, installing from the side of the sleeve 10 where the piston block 12 is provided, the elastic portion 54 of the sensor 50 slides in from the guide clamping groove 13 and is partially located in the guide clamping groove 13, so that the sensor 50 is pushed out by the subsequent lower piston 40, and the arrangement of the guide clamping groove 13 also avoids the sensor 50 rotating in the sleeve 10, and allows the sensor 50 to be pushed into a predetermined position in the hole along the guide groove when installing.
It should be noted that, the piston block 12 is detachably connected to the sleeve 10, so as to facilitate the installation of the upper piston 20, the couplant 30, the lower piston 40 and the sensor 50.
In some possible embodiments of the invention, the couplant 30 includes at least two coupler sub-agents; each coupling sub-agent is arranged in an independent accommodating unit in the accommodating cavity; all the coupling agent is sprayed from the lower piston 40 to one side of the sensor 50 under the extrusion action of the upper piston 20 and then mixed to form a mixed structure for fixing the sensor 50.
Specifically, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the couplant 30, where at least two kinds of coupling agents are provided in the accommodating chamber, and the coupling agent is liquid or colloid when not mixed, and finally solidifies into solid after being mixed when ejected from the lower piston 40 toward the sensor 50 side, and emits a small amount of heat.
It should be noted that, the setting of the couplant 30 is that the drilled holes are fully mixed and then flow out to enter the periphery of the sensor 50, so that the space between the sensor 50 and the hole wall is filled and solidified, the sensor 50 and the hole wall surrounding rock are coupled into a whole, and the elastic wave signal from the surrounding rock cannot be refracted, decelerated or phase shifted.
In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the lower piston 40 includes: a mixing tube 41, a branch tube 42, a valve body 43 and an impeller 44; the mixing tube 41 is connected with the valve body 43 and is arranged on the side of the lower piston 40 facing the sensor 50; the valve body 43 is connected with a plurality of branch flow pipes 42 and is arranged on the side of the lower piston 40 facing the sensor 50; the branch flow pipes 42 are connected with the containing units of the coupling sub agents in a one-to-one correspondence manner after axially penetrating through the lower piston 40 along the sleeve 10; an impeller 44 is provided in the mixing tube 41 for stirring the couplant 30 passing through the mixing tube 41; wherein the valve body 43 comprises a first pressure threshold for conducting the mixing pipe 41 with the several tributary pipes 42.
Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation manner of the lower piston 40, the drainage and the mixing of different kinds of coupling agents are realized by arranging the mixing pipe 41 and the branch pipe 42, by arranging the valve body 43 and the impeller 44, when the pressure born by the valve body 43 exceeds the first pressure threshold, the valve body 43 is opened, the impeller 44 rotates to stir the flowing coupling agent, the coupling agent is mixed, and finally the coupling agent is injected into the periphery of the sensor 50, so that the space between the sensor 50 and the hole wall is filled and solidified, the sensor 50 and the hole wall surrounding rock are coupled into a whole, and the elastic wave signal from the surrounding rock cannot be refracted, decelerated or phase shifted.
Further, the mixing tube 41 may be filled with the paste in advance to prevent the coupler from natural mixing and solidification, which may affect the use. In use, the paste is discharged under pressure, replaced with the coupling agent liquid, and mixed and filled to form the coupling agent 30.
In one application scenario, a sealing cover is further arranged at the outlet of the mixing tube 41, when the pressure exceeds the drilling pressure by 1MPa, the sealing cover is opened, the mixed slurry is injected into the surrounding and upper and lower spaces of the sensor 50, the pressure for opening the sealing cover is greater than 1 atmosphere of the pushing pressure of the sensor 50, and the setting of the sealing cover also prevents the paste from sliding out under the condition that the couplant 30 enters.
In some possible embodiments of the present invention, further comprising: a second pressure threshold, which is the pressure value at which the lower piston 40 pushes the sensor 50 out of the casing 10; wherein the first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold.
In particular, the present embodiment provides an implementation of a second pressure threshold that, by setting the second pressure threshold to the ejection pressure of the sensor 50, ensures that no mixing of the couplant 30 occurs when the sensor 50 is ejected from the cannula 10.
In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the orientation apparatus 60 is an electronic compass.
Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of the direction finder 60, through which a certain numbered chip of the sensor 50 placed at a certain level or depth in the hole can be recorded at a certain moment, then the drill rod is lifted, the electronic compass and the casing 10 are automatically separated from the sensor 50, the sensor 50 is left at the designed level, the electronic compass is lifted, and data is read, wherein the azimuth data before lifting is the azimuth of a certain chip of the sensor 50.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a method for installing the sensor 50 directional installation device, including:
acquiring azimuth characteristics of the sensing piece in the sensor 50;
grouting 70 the drill hole until the precipitated solid reaches a first buried level;
numbering the sensing pieces of each sensor 50 according to the right-hand spiral rule, and calibrating the clock of the orientation instrument 60 with the standard clock;
the upper piston 20, the couplant 30, the lower piston 40, the sensor 50 and the orientation indicator 60 are sequentially installed in the sleeve 10, and the orientation indicator 60 is arranged on one side of the sleeve 10 far from the sensor 50;
extending the casing 10 along the borehole to a first buried horizon and marking it as a first time;
The medium is conveyed into the accommodating cavity of the sleeve 10 through the pipeline 11, after the pressure in the accommodating cavity reaches a second pressure threshold value, the upper piston 20, the couplant 30 and the lower piston 40 push the sensor 50 to slide out of the outlet end of the sleeve 10, wherein the sensor 50 after sliding out is positioned between the elastic part 54 and the inner wall of the drill hole;
Continuously delivering the medium into the sleeve 10, and after the pressure in the accommodating cavity reaches a first pressure threshold value, keeping the pressure in the accommodating cavity not lower than the first pressure threshold value;
The upper piston 20 extrudes the couplant 30, the couplant 30 flows out from the branch pipe 42 and the valve body 43 on the lower piston 40 and then enters the mixing pipe 41, and is ejected from the mixing pipe 41 to realize grouting around the sensor 50 in the drill hole;
Marking the second time after the complete injection of the coupling agent 30, and taking the casing 10 and the orientation apparatus 60 out of the borehole;
acquiring azimuth data of the sensor 50 recorded by the direction finder 60, and extracting azimuth information of the direction finder 60 at a first time and a second time;
The above steps are repeated until all of the buried layers have buried the sensor 50.
In detail, the invention also provides a method for installing the sensor 50 directional installation device, which is used for solving the defects that in the prior art, the related parameters of the drill hole cannot be acquired, so that the geological data is insufficient, possible dangerous sources cannot be positioned, and a large amount of coal reserves are trapped, and the sensor 50 is buried in the drill hole, so that the vector information in the drill hole is acquired through the sensor 50 and the direction finder 60, and a powerful guarantee is provided for geological exploration.
In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the step of sequentially installing the upper piston 20, the couplant 30, the lower piston 40, the sensor 50 and the orientation indicator 60 into the casing 10 specifically includes:
Acquiring the lithology of surrounding rock of the inner wall of the drill hole, and acquiring an elastic model of the surrounding rock;
The couplant 30 with the same elastic modulus is selected according to the elastic modulus of the surrounding rock.
Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation manner of the couplant 30, and the elastic mode of the couplant 30 is set to be the same as the elastic mode of the surrounding rock, so that not only is the stability and the firmness of the fixation of the couplant 30 to the sensor 50 ensured, but also the non-reflection distortion of the geological signal is ensured.
In some possible embodiments of the invention, the length of the casing 10 is dependent on the sensor 50 and the space drilled below it. Because the sensor 50 is suspended above the borehole wall, the space around and below the sensor 50 determines the length of the casing 10. The larger this portion of space, the larger the volume of the reservoir of couplant 30 of the cartridge should be. If the space is too large, the amount of couplant 30 is insufficient to fill the space, so that there is no couplant 30 around the sensor 50, the sensor 50 is not functional, and the installation fails; the smaller this portion of space, the smaller the volume of the reservoir of couplant 30 should be. If the space is too small, the redundant couplant 30 will couple the casing 10 and the hole wall together, damage the coupling space of the sensor 50 when the drill is started, even pull up the sensor 50 together, lift up to the ground, and fail to install. To avoid this problem, the empty space below the target layer is filled with cement 70 slurry until the bottom of the sensor 50 is filled.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not limiting of the present invention. While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and it is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of installing a sensor orientation installation apparatus, the installation apparatus comprising: the device comprises a sleeve, an upper piston, a couplant, a lower piston, a sensor and an orientation instrument;
A containing cavity is formed in the sleeve; the upper piston, the couplant, the lower piston and the sensor are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve; the orientation instrument is connected with the outer end part of one side of the sleeve close to the upper piston; the sleeve is provided with a pipeline at one side of the orientation instrument, the pipeline is used for conveying a medium into the accommodating cavity, and the medium is used for pushing the upper piston, the couplant and the lower piston to move;
the couplant comprises at least two coupler sub-agents; each coupling sub-agent is arranged in an independent accommodating unit in the accommodating cavity; all the coupling sub-agents are sprayed out from the lower piston towards one side of the sensor under the extrusion action of the upper piston and then mixed to form a mixed structure for fixing the sensor;
The lower piston includes: the device comprises a mixing pipe, a branch pipe, a valve body and an impeller; the mixing pipe is connected with the valve body and is arranged at one side of the lower piston facing the sensor; the valve body is connected with the branch pipes and is arranged on one side of the lower piston facing the sensor; the branch pipes axially penetrate through the lower piston along the sleeve and are correspondingly connected with the accommodating units of the coupling agent one by one; the impeller is arranged in the mixing pipe and is used for stirring the couplant passing through the mixing pipe; the valve body comprises a first pressure threshold value for conducting the mixing pipe and the branch flow pipes;
The installation method comprises the following steps:
acquiring azimuth characteristics of an induction sheet in the sensor;
Grouting the drilling holes with cement slurry until the precipitated solid reaches a first buried layer;
numbering the sensing pieces of each sensor according to a right-hand spiral rule, and calibrating a clock of the orientation instrument with a standard clock;
Sequentially installing an upper piston, a couplant, a lower piston, a sensor and an orientation instrument into the sleeve, and arranging the orientation instrument on one side of the sleeve far away from the sensor;
extending the casing along the borehole to a first buried horizon and marking the first time;
The medium is conveyed into the accommodating cavity of the sleeve through the pipeline, after the pressure in the accommodating cavity reaches a second pressure threshold value, the upper piston, the couplant and the lower piston push the sensor to slide out from the outlet end of the sleeve, wherein the sensor after sliding out is positioned between the elastic part and the inner wall of the drill hole;
Continuously conveying a medium into the sleeve, and keeping the pressure in the accommodating cavity not lower than a first pressure threshold after the pressure in the accommodating cavity reaches the first pressure threshold;
the upper piston extrudes the couplant, the couplant flows out from the branch pipe and the valve body on the lower piston and then enters the mixing pipe, and the couplant is sprayed out from the mixing pipe to realize grouting around the sensor in the drill hole;
marking the whole couplant as a second time after the injection is finished, and taking out the sleeve and the orientation instrument from the drill hole;
acquiring azimuth angle data of a sensor recorded by an orientation instrument, and extracting azimuth angle information of the orientation instrument at the first time and the second time;
Repeating the steps until all the embedded layers are embedded with the sensors.
2. A method of installing a sensor orientation installation according to claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises: the device comprises a sensing unit, a head fixing seat, a tail fixing seat and an elastic part;
The head fixing seat is connected with one side of the sensing unit, which is close to the outlet of the sleeve;
the tail fixing seat is connected with one side, facing the lower piston, of the sensing unit;
the elastic parts are connected with the head fixing seat and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the head fixing seat along the axial direction of the sleeve;
the elastic part is abutted with the inner wall of the sleeve and used for positioning the sensing unit in the sleeve.
3. A method of installing a sensor orientation installation according to claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises: the device comprises a sensing unit, a head fixing seat, a tail fixing seat, a sliding ring and an elastic part;
The head fixing seat is connected with one side of the sensing unit, which is close to the outlet of the sleeve;
the tail fixing seat is connected with one side, facing the lower piston, of the sensing unit;
The sliding ring is connected with the tail fixing seat;
The elastic parts are respectively connected with the head fixing seat and the sliding ring and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the head fixing seat along the axial direction of the sleeve;
the elastic part is abutted with the inner wall of the sleeve and used for positioning the sensing unit in the sleeve.
4. A method of installing a sensor orientation mounting device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the sleeve is provided with a piston stop for preventing the lower piston from sliding out of the receiving chamber on the side of the sleeve adjacent to the sensor;
the piston stops are provided with guide clamping grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the elastic parts.
5. A method of installing a sensor orientation installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a second pressure threshold value, which is a pressure value of the lower piston pushing the sensor out of the sleeve;
Wherein the first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold.
6. A method of installing a sensor orientation installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the orientation instrument is an electronic compass.
7. A method of installing a sensor orientation installation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of sequentially installing the upper piston, the couplant, the lower piston, the sensor and the orientation apparatus into the casing comprises:
Acquiring the lithology of surrounding rock of the inner wall of the drill hole, and acquiring an elastic model of the surrounding rock;
And selecting the couplant with the same elastic mode according to the elastic mode of the surrounding rock.
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