CN113168752B - Smoke detector for the segmented detection of smoke and vehicle with a smoke detector - Google Patents
Smoke detector for the segmented detection of smoke and vehicle with a smoke detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN113168752B CN113168752B CN201980067867.XA CN201980067867A CN113168752B CN 113168752 B CN113168752 B CN 113168752B CN 201980067867 A CN201980067867 A CN 201980067867A CN 113168752 B CN113168752 B CN 113168752B
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- smoke detector
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- smoke
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
Abstract
A smoke detector (100) is disclosed comprising an elongated first space (110) and an elongated second space (120), the first space (110) and the second space (120) extending along a common longitudinal direction. The first wall (111) has one or more first openings (152), the first wall (111) at least partially delimiting the first space (110) such that smoke may enter the first space (110) of the smoke detector at different positions along the longitudinal direction of the smoke detector. A second wall (121) separating the first space (110) from the second space (120) comprises one or more second openings (151), wherein the first space (110) is connected to the second space (120) via the one or more second openings (151) such that a gas exchange can take place between the first space (110) and the second space (120) and through the first space (110) and the second space (120). A transmitter (130) is arranged in one of the two spaces (110, 120) and a receiver (140) is arranged in the other of the two spaces (110, 120).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a smoke detector for the segmented detection of smoke, in particular for the highly independent segmented detection of smoke, for example in vehicles and buildings.
Background
Electronic smoke detectors typically have a transmitter and a receiver, whereby the triggering of the signal of the smoke detector is dependent on the presence of smoke.
An optical photographic smoke detector is particularly common, wherein the emitter may comprise a special light emitting diode and the receiver may comprise a photoresistor. For example, such smoke detectors may be configured such that the light beam emitted by the emitter does not impinge on the receiver before smoke particles scatter or deflect the beam.
US patent specification US 6,831,289 discloses in this respect a detection device for scattered light as part of a hazard detector, such as a fire alarm system.
Disadvantages of the prior art
However, such smoke detectors do not provide satisfactory results if the smoke is not directly at or in the smoke detector, as these smoke detectors only allow for spot detection of the smoke. Thus, an alarm can only be triggered when smoke has spread to the smoke detector, i.e. typically has reached the ceiling area. Furthermore, due to the local limitations of smoke detection, financial expenditures are expected to increase when large spaces are equipped for full area monitoring. This is particularly the case because smoke detectors of this type are complex components for which special injection molded parts must be mass produced.
Problem(s)
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a smoke detector which enables smoke to be detected over a large area so that it can be detected not only locally at one point, but also continuously throughout the length of a room.
Disclosure of Invention
Solution according to the invention
According to one embodiment, the above object is solved by a smoke detector according to claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments are indicated in the dependent claims.
According to one embodiment, the smoke detector comprises a first and a second space. These spaces may be, for example, elongate so as to be able to detect smoke at more than a point. For this purpose, the first and second spaces of the smoke detector according to the invention may extend along a common longitudinal direction.
In contrast to the embodiments described herein, conventional smoke detectors comprise a hollow space that is only a few millimeters high. In this case, a labyrinth designed with a narrow gap surrounds such a hollow space, so that light cannot penetrate from the outside. If smoke passes through the labyrinth into the hollow space, the light beam emitted by the emitter is for example scattered and may thus be directed to the receiver, triggering an alarm. Such conventional smoke detectors are limited to detecting smoke within a narrow radius of the mounting location of the smoke detector. If smoke is not directly at or in the smoke detector, an alarm is not triggered.
In contrast, a smoke detector according to embodiments described herein may detect smoke, for example, along the entire length of the smoke detector, for example, when installed along a cable or various electrical components. For example, the smoke detector may extend along the entire length of the room to be monitored, such as along a raceway or along the ceiling of the installation room, and thus the entire room is monitored.
Furthermore, mounting the smoke detector according to the invention vertically or at an angle may for example enable a smoldering fire to be detected along the floor as quickly as "hot" smoke collected on the ceiling of a room. Thus, in the case of constant or not fully predictable air movement, such as "stagnant" air, smoke along an elongate smoke detector according to the invention is detected earlier than in the case of conventional smoke detectors where only small spatial radii can be detected.
Further, the smoke detector comprises a first wall having at least one, two, three or more first openings. In this aspect, the first wall at least partially defines the first space. In this sense, the term "at least partly" should be understood as not necessarily describing the entire circumference of the first space by the first wall. For example, the first wall may extend only over an area corresponding to 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% of the total circumference of the first space. For example, a cylindrical first space, such a first wall, may be defined only throughout a region having the same radius from a point of its axis. Furthermore, for example, the first space of cuboid shape may be delimited by the first wall only on two, three or four of its sides.
One, two, three or more first openings in the first wall allow smoke to enter the first space of the smoke detector at the location of the first openings and thus at one, two, three or more different locations along the longitudinal direction of the smoke detector.
Furthermore, the smoke detector comprises a second wall separating the first space from the second space, which in turn comprises at least one, two, three or more second openings. Here, the first space communicates with the second space via one, two, three or more second openings. For example, such a second wall may extend within the first space, thereby spanning a second space within the first space. Similarly, the second wall may extend between the first space and a second space extending parallel thereto, thereby separating the first space from the second space.
At least one, two, three or more second openings of the second wall allow gas exchange between the first space and the second space. Thus, smoke may for example move from outside the first space through the one or more first openings, through the first space, through the one or more second openings and into the second space.
Furthermore, the smoke detector has a transmitter and a receiver, whereby under normal conditions, i.e. in the absence of smoke, the signal emitted by the transmitter cannot easily reach the receiver and thus does not trigger an alarm under normal conditions. The second wall separates the transmitter from the receiver. For example, a smoke detector may have a transmitter in one of the two spaces and a receiver in the other of the two spaces. For example, the transmitter may be located in a first space and the receiver may be located in a second space. Advantageously, design-related exposure of the receiver to unwanted external interfering signals is taken into account when selecting the position of the receiver within the smoke detector. The receiver is preferably located outside the possible angle of incidence of external radiation, i.e. of external interfering signals not emitted by the transmitter. For example, the receiver may be located in an inner second space while the transmitter is located in an outer first space. The transmitter and receiver are preferably a light transmitter and a light receiver.
For example, the emitter may be provided by a special light emitting diode or a laser diode, wherein the signal of the emitter is based on the optical radiation. The receiver may be provided, for example, by means of a photo-resistor capable of detecting such optical radiation. As previously described, it is important to note in the design of smoke detectors that the optical radiation emitted by the emitter cannot directly impinge on the receiver. In contrast, the presence of smoke movable through the at least one first opening, through the first space, through the at least one second opening and through the second space deflects the optical radiation emitted by the emitter in its path by the smoke particles. Depending on the position of the first or second opening and the type and number of smoke particles, the optical radiation from the emitter may thus be at least partially deflected in the direction of the receiver and thus detected by the receiver. In this case, the smoke detector triggers an alarm to indicate smoke manifestation. Such triggering of an alarm may depend on the signal strength detected by the receiver exceeding a predetermined threshold.
According to an embodiment of the smoke detector of the invention, the second space is arranged in the first space of the smoke detector. Thus, the first space may at least partially surround the second space. Partial (i.e., incomplete) surrounding of the second space by the first space may be caused, for example, by different lengths of the first and second spaces. Similarly, the first space may also substantially completely surround the second space, whereby the end side of the second space does not necessarily have to be surrounded by the first space.
According to another embodiment of the smoke detector of the invention, the length of the first and second spaces is each at least twice the common width of the first and second spaces, respectively. Preferably, the length of the first or second space corresponds to at least three times, more preferably at least four times, five times or ten times the common width of the first and second space, respectively. Thus, the smoke detector preferably has an elongate shape, for example a tubular shape, and may therefore be provided in any length. It is thus possible to adapt the length of the smoke detector to the length of the room to be monitored. This means that a larger area can also be monitored compared to previous smoke detectors. For example, the length of the smoke detector may be at least 50cm, typically at least 1m.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first and second spaces of the smoke detector according to the invention have substantially the same length. In this context, the skilled person will understand that by approximately the same length, the length deviation is within design-related tolerances.
According to another embodiment, the smoke detector according to the invention extends from a first end in the longitudinal direction to a second end in the longitudinal direction. For example, the transmitter and receiver may be arranged at opposite ends of the smoke detector. Alternatively, the transmitter and receiver may be arranged at the same end of the smoke detector. Such a configuration allows, for example, a smoke detector to be equipped with electrical connections at only one of its two ends.
Furthermore, a smoke detector according to the invention may have a first space and a second space each having two opposite end openings. The opposite end openings are located, for example, in outer intersecting planes delimiting the first space and the second space, respectively, intersecting the longitudinal axes of the first space and the second space, respectively. These end openings may be further closed by one or more closing elements. The closing element thus at least partially closes such an end opening. This prevents penetration of, for example, unwanted external interfering signals through the end opening at the end of the smoke detector.
Preferably, the emitter and the receiver of the smoke detector are each located in a respective closure element. Alternatively, the transmitter and receiver may be located within only one closure element.
As previously described, according to one embodiment, the first space of the smoke detector may be delimited externally by the first wall and internally by the second wall. Such a construction is made possible, for example, by the second space extending inside the first space. Likewise, a parallel arrangement of the first and second spaces next to each other is possible. However, in either embodiment, preferably, the at least one or more second openings of the second wall are offset from the at least one or more first openings of the first wall. Such offset of the first and second openings is preferably configured such that incidence of external stray light on the receiver of the smoke detector is prevented. In this way, the receiver may be prevented from being affected by unwanted external interference signals and thus trigger false alarms. Such an arrangement of the openings is particularly advantageous if the emitter and the receiver are arranged on different sides of the smoke detector.
Such an arrangement may be achieved, for example, by arranging the second opening of the second wall and the first opening of the first wall at different positions along the longitudinal axis of the smoke detector. Depending on the particular embodiment of the smoke detector, an arrangement in which the second opening points in a different direction than the first opening is also advantageous. The direction of the first or second opening is defined, for example, by the angle between the normal vector of the respective opening surface and the longitudinal centre plane of the smoke detector. For example, the first or second openings may be arranged on different sides along the longitudinal direction of the smoke detector. If the first or second opening is located on diametrically opposite sides along the longitudinal direction of the smoke detector, the difference in their orientation angles as defined above is 180 degrees. The direction of one, two or more of the first or second openings may be the same or different.
Furthermore, according to another embodiment, some or all of the first openings of the first wall may be provided with a filter. Such filters are permeable to smoke but prevent small animals and insects such as spiders, mites or wasps from nesting in the smoke detector and thus would cause the smoke detection to fail.
According to a preferred embodiment, the second wall is formed by an inner tube and the first wall is formed by an outer tube surrounding the inner tube. Thus, the second space is delimited by the inner tube and the first space is provided by the space between the inner tube and the outer tube. Preferably, the outer tube and the inner tube are delimited at their respective ends by a closure element. For example, one of the closure elements may contain a transmitter and the opposing closure element may contain a receiver. The arrangement in which the inner tube is held inside the outer tube by the closure element is particularly preferred.
Further, in this preferred embodiment, the inner tube may comprise a plurality of openings forming a plurality of second openings of the second wall. Meanwhile, the outer tube may have a plurality of openings forming a plurality of first openings of the first wall. Preferably, the opening of the outer tube faces a first radial angle region relative to the longitudinal axis of the outer tube, and the opening of the inner tube faces a second radial angle region relative to the longitudinal axis of the outer tube, the second radial angle region not overlapping the first radial angle region. Thus, the two radial angle regions point in different radial directions with respect to the longitudinal axis. Such a configuration ensures that external stray light cannot impinge directly into the smoke detector and onto the surface of the receiver, which would adversely affect smoke detection and possibly trigger false alarms.
The embodiments described above may be combined with each other in any way.
Drawings
The drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The elements of the drawings are relative to each other and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
The same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding similar parts.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a smoke detector.
Fig. 2 and 3 show a schematic spatial illustration of a closure element with a transmitter and a receiver, respectively, according to one embodiment.
Fig. 4A-4C and 5A and 5B show a spatial schematic of a tubular smoke detector (fig. 4A) having an outer tube (fig. 4B), an inner tube (fig. 4C), a first closure element (fig. 5A) and a second closure element (fig. 5B) according to one embodiment.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic spatial view of an embodiment of a smoke detector in an open state.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a smoke detector according to another embodiment.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic spatial view of a closure element comprising a transmitter and a receiver according to another embodiment.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic spatial diagram of a smoke detector according to another embodiment.
Detailed Description
To clarify the general understanding, the schematic diagram in fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a smoke detector 100 according to the invention. The smoke detector 100 comprises an elongated first space 110 and an elongated second space 120. Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the invention wherein the second space 120 extends tubular within the first tubular space 110 along a common longitudinal direction and a common longitudinal axis. In this embodiment, the second space 120 is delimited or defined by the second wall 121, and the first space 110 is delimited or defined by the first wall 111 and the second wall 121. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, both the first and second walls each have a plurality of openings 151, 152, which may be equally distributed, for example, along the total extent of the respective first and second spaces 110, 120. The number of openings 152 between the first space 110 and the second space 120 may be the same as the number of openings 151 between the first space 110 and the external environment, but may also be different. Furthermore, it is possible that the opening cross-sections of the openings 151, 152 may be different. However, the opening cross-section may also be the same for all openings 151, 152.
Illustratively, for some of the first openings 151 in the first wall 111, a cover with a filter 190 is shown covering the first openings 151. At the left-hand first end 160 of the smoke detector 100 thus configured, as shown in fig. 1, there is a first end opening 112 within the first space 110, wherein the emitter 130 is arranged in said first end opening. This emitter 130 emits only optical radiation, for example in the visible or near infrared range, into the first space 110 parallel to the longitudinal axis, but not directly into the second space 120. At the right-hand second end 170 of the smoke detector 100 thus configured, as shown in fig. 1, there is a second end opening 122 within the second space 120, wherein the receiver 140 is arranged in said second end opening. Fig. 1 further shows that the smoke detector in the embodiment shown has a length l corresponding to a multiple of its radius r in the case of a circular cross section or to a multiple of its maximum width in the case of any other cross section.
Fig. 2 and 3 show in schematic diagrams two closure elements 180a, 180b which can be combined with the embodiment of the smoke detector 100 according to the invention shown in fig. 1. For example, the closure element 180a shown in fig. 2 includes an annular emitter 130 or emitters 130 disposed only in an annular region around the second space 120. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of emitters 130 in a ring-shaped manner. The closure element 180a with the emitter 130 is adapted to close the first space 110 of the smoke detector 100 of fig. 1 at one of its end openings 112. In contrast, the closure element 180b shown in fig. 3 has a receiver 140 inside the second space 120 or at one of its ends, and is adapted to close the second space 120 of the smoke detector 100 of fig. 1 at one of its end openings 122 due to its cylindrical structure.
Fig. 4A shows a spatial representation of a tubular elongate smoke detector comprising an outer tube 101 and an inner tube 102 extending, for example, coaxially with the outer tube 101. The outer tube 101 is shown in fig. 4B and the inner tube 102 is shown in fig. 4C. The shell wall 111 of the outer tube 101 forms a first wall and the shell wall 121 of the inner tube 102 forms a second wall. The second space 120 is delimited by an inner portion of the inner tube 102, while the first space 110 is delimited by a shell wall 111 of the outer tube 101 and a shell wall 121 of the inner tube 102. Thus, the first space 110 surrounds the second space 120.
Both the inner tube 102 and the outer tube 101 each comprise a plurality of openings 151, 152. In fig. 4B, the opening 151 (first opening) of the outer tube 101 faces upward, while the opening 152 (second opening) of the inner tube 102 faces toward the viewer, i.e. is arranged to rotate about a longitudinal axis relative to the opening 151 of the outer tube 101. As a result, light cannot be transmitted directly into the inner space of the inner tube 102, i.e. into the second space 120, through the openings 151, 152.
In addition to the plurality of first openings 151, the outer tube 101 also includes two opposite end openings 112. Similarly, the inner tube 102 includes two opposite end openings 122 in addition to the second opening 151.
The inner tube 102 is held within the outer tube 101 by a first closure element 181 and another closure element 182 as shown in fig. 5A and 5B. The closing elements 181, 182 additionally close the respective end openings 112, 122. For example, the second closure element 182 may have a shoulder 183 on its outer side, onto which the outer tube 101 is pushed, for example in a form-fitting manner. At the front side 184 of the second closure element 182, one or more emitters may be arranged to radiate in an axial direction, i.e. within and along the outer tube 101. Specifically, one or more emitters radiate into a first space 110 having a circular cross-section and extending between the inner tube 102 and the outer tube 101.
The inner tube 102 is then inserted into the inner opening 185 of the second closure element 182 and is held, for example, by the inner opening 185 in a form-fitting manner. This keeps the inner tube 102 spaced from the outer tube 101. The emitter radiates into the space between the inner tube 102 and the outer tube 101, i.e. into the first space 110.
The first closure element 181 also has an internal opening 185 into which the inner tube 102 is inserted snugly. The receptacle is located within the interior opening 185 of the first closure element 181. The radiation emitted by the emitter of the second closure element 182 does not directly reach the receiver, since the direct path through the inner tube 101 is blocked. However, if the smoke or aerosol penetrates into the space between the outer tube 101 and the inner tube 102 through the first opening 151 of the outer tube 101 and possibly further through the second opening 152 of the inner tube 102 into the inner space of the inner tube 102, the radiation emitted by the emitter is scattered by the smoke or aerosol particles and thus also reaches the inner space of the inner tube 102 and finally reaches the emitter in the first closing element 181. Scattered light is recorded by the receiver, evaluated by suitable electronics and emitted as a warning signal.
The first closing element 181 can be inserted into the outer tube 101, for example, in a form-fitting manner. However, the first closure element may also have a step similar to the second closure element 182, onto which the outer tube 101 may be pushed.
Fig. 6 shows how the embodiment shown in fig. 1 can be assembled by inserting the second wall 121 shown in fig. 5 into the first wall 111 shown in fig. 4. Further, fig. 6 schematically shows electronics for controlling the transmitter and receiver.
Fig. 7 shows an alternative embodiment to the embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 1. In this embodiment, the transmitter 130 is also located in the first space 110 of the smoke detector 100, and the receiver 140 is located in the second space 120 of the smoke detector 100, as shown in fig. 1. However, the alternative embodiment shown in fig. 7 differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 1 in that both the transmitter 130 and the receiver 140 are located in respective end openings 112, 122 at the same end of the smoke detector 100 shown.
The alternative embodiment shown in fig. 7 may be combined with a closure element 180 as shown in fig. 8. In contrast to the closure elements 180a, 180b shown in fig. 2 and 3, the schematic diagram shown in fig. 8 shows a closure element 180 having both the emitter 130 in the outer annular region of the closure element 180 and the receiver 140 in the inner cylindrical region of the closure element.
Fig. 9 shows another alternative embodiment to the embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 1. In this embodiment, as also shown in fig. 1, the emitter 230 is located at an end opening of the first space 210 of the smoke detector 200, and the receiver 240 is located at an opposite end opening 222 of the second space 220 of the smoke detector 200. The first space 210 communicates with the surrounding environment via a plurality of first openings 251 in one of its walls 211 (first wall). The first space 210 and the second space 220 are separated from each other by the second wall 221. The second wall 221 has a plurality of second openings 252 that are offset from the first openings 251 in the first wall 211 such that direct light cannot enter the second space 220 from the outside.
However, the alternative embodiment shown in fig. 9 differs from the arrangement shown in fig. 1 and 7 in that the second space 220 is parallel to and adjacent to the first space 210, rather than within the first space 210. In addition to the arrangement of the emitter 230 and the receiver 240 at the opposite ends 212, 222 of the smoke detector 200 as shown in fig. 9, alternative arrangements as shown in fig. 7 are also possible, i.e. an arrangement of the emitter 230 and the receiver 240 at the ends of the first space 210 and the second space 220, said emitter and said receiver being at the same end of the smoke detector 200. Optionally, some or all of the first openings 251 may be closed with a filter 290.
Other embodiments of the invention include installation spaces in the passenger compartment of a rail vehicle, ship, aircraft or bus equipped with the embodiments of smoke detector 100, 200 shown in the figures. In this case, the smoke detectors 100, 200 are preferably arranged along respective cable bundles or cable areas within the passenger compartment.
Furthermore, a kitchen, industrial factory building, warehouse or archive equipped with a smoke detector 100, 200 according to the invention represents other embodiments of the invention.
Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, modifications of the illustrated embodiments in a suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention are within the scope of the invention. The appended claims represent a first non-limiting attempt to define the invention in popular terms.
List of reference numerals
100. 200 smoke detector
101. Outer tube
102. Inner pipe
110. 210 first space
111. 211 first wall
112. 212 end opening
120. 220 second space
121. 221 second wall
122. 222 end opening
130. 230 emitter
140. 240 receiver
151. A first opening
152. A second opening
160. First end
170. Second end
180. 180a, 180b closure element
181. 182 closure element
183. Shoulder
184. Front side
185. Internal opening
190. 290 filter
195. Electronic device
l length of smoke detector
radius of r smoke detector
Claims (19)
1. A smoke detector, comprising
-an elongated first space (110, 210) and an elongated second space (120, 220), the first space (110, 210) and the second space (120, 220) extending along a common longitudinal direction;
-a first wall (111, 211) comprising at least one first opening (151, 251), wherein the first wall (111, 211) at least partially delimits the first space (110, 210) such that smoke can enter the first space (110, 210) of the smoke detector (100, 200) at different positions along the longitudinal direction of the smoke detector (100, 200);
-a second wall (121, 221) separating the first space (110, 210) from the second space (120, 220) and having at least one second opening (152, 252), the first space (110, 210) being connected to the second space (120, 220) via the second opening (152, 252) such that a gas exchange can take place between the first space (110, 210) and the second space (120, 220) and between the first space (110, 220) and the environment;
an emitter (130, 230) in one of the two spaces (110, 120, 210, 220) for emitting optical radiation; and
an optical receiver (140, 240) in the other of the two spaces (110, 120, 210, 220) for receiving optical radiation.
2. The smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein
The first wall (111, 211) comprises a number of first openings (151, 251), the second wall (121, 221) having a number of second openings (152, 252), wherein the first space (110, 210) is connected to the second space (120, 220) via the number of second openings (152, 252).
3. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The second space (120) is located within the first space (110), and the first space (110) at least partially surrounds the second space (120).
4. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The length (l) of the first and second spaces (110, 120, 210, 220) corresponds at least to their common double width.
5. A smoke detector according to claim 4, wherein
The length (l) of the first and second spaces (110, 120, 210, 220) corresponds to at least three times its width in common.
6. A smoke detector according to claim 4 wherein
The length (l) of the first and second spaces (110, 120, 210, 220) corresponds to at least four times its width in common.
7. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The smoke detector extends from a first longitudinal end (160) to a second longitudinal end (170), wherein the transmitter (130) and the receiver (140) are arranged at the same end (160, 170) of the smoke detector or at opposite ends (160, 170) of the smoke detector.
8. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The first space (110, 210) and the second space (120, 220) each have two opposite end openings (112, 122, 212, 222), which are each closed by a closing element (180, 180a, 180b, 181, 182), the transmitter (130, 230) and the receiver (140, 240) being arranged in each case in one of the two closing elements (180) or in each case in one of the two closing elements (180 a, 180b, 181, 182) individually.
9. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The first space (110) is delimited externally by the first wall (111) and internally by the second wall (121).
10. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The at least one or more second openings (152, 252) of the second wall (121, 221) are arranged offset relative to the at least one or more first openings (151) of the first wall (111, 211) such that the receiver (140, 240) is protected from external stray light.
11. The smoke detector according to claim 10, wherein
The at least one or more second openings (152, 252) of the second wall (121, 221) and the at least one or more first openings (151, 251) of the first wall (111, 211) are arranged on different sides along the longitudinal direction.
12. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The at least one or more second openings (152, 252) of the second wall (121, 221) and the at least one or more first openings (151, 251) of the first wall (111, 211) are arranged offset such that direct incidence of light radiation from the emitter (130, 230) onto the receiver (140, 240) is prevented.
13. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The at least one or more first openings (151, 251) of the first wall (111, 211) are provided with a filter (190, 290).
14. A smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The second wall (121) is formed by an inner tube (102), and the first wall (111) is formed by an outer tube (101) surrounding the inner tube (102), the second space (120) is defined by the inner tube (102), and the first space (110) is a space between the inner tube (102) and the outer tube (101).
15. A smoke detector according to claim 14, wherein
The outer tube (101) and the inner tube (102) are delimited at their respective ends by closing elements (180 a, 180b, 181, 182), one of the closing elements (180 a, 180b, 181, 182) comprising the transmitter (130) and the other of the closing elements (180 a, 180b, 181, 182) comprising the receiver (140).
16. A smoke detector according to claim 15, wherein
The inner tube (102) is held within the outer tube (101) by the closure elements (180, 180a, 180b, 181, 182).
17. A smoke detector according to claim 15, wherein
The inner tube (102) comprises a plurality of openings (152) forming the plurality of second openings (152) of the second wall (121), and wherein the outer tube (101) comprises a plurality of openings (151) forming the plurality of first openings (151) of the first wall (111), wherein the openings (151) of the outer tube (101) face a first radial angular range relative to a longitudinal axis of the outer tube (101), and the openings (152) of the inner tube (102) face a second radial angular range relative to the longitudinal axis of the outer tube (101), the second radial angular range not overlapping the first radial angular range.
18. A vehicle comprising at least one smoke detector (100, 200) according to any of the preceding claims.
19. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein the smoke detector (100, 200) is arranged in a passenger compartment or in a mounting space within the vehicle separate from the passenger compartment.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018125494.6A DE102018125494A1 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2018-10-15 | Smoke detector for detecting smoke in sections, and vehicle having a smoke detector |
| DE102018125494.6 | 2018-10-15 | ||
| PCT/EP2019/077645 WO2020078859A1 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2019-10-11 | Smoke detector for detecting smoke in sections, and vehicle having a smoke detector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113168752A CN113168752A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
| CN113168752B true CN113168752B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
Family
ID=68242677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201980067867.XA Active CN113168752B (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2019-10-11 | Smoke detector for the segmented detection of smoke and vehicle with a smoke detector |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3867888A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN113168752B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102018125494A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020078859A1 (en) |
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| US5231378A (en) * | 1990-06-23 | 1993-07-27 | Kidde-Graviner Limited | Particle detection which senses scattered light |
| US5841534A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1998-11-24 | Gerhard Lorenz Innovative Technik + Messgeratebau | Apparatus for determining the density, size or size distribution of particles |
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| CN105651659A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-08 | 西门子瑞士有限公司 | Scattered-light smoke detector with two-color light-emitting diode |
| EP3029648A1 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-08 | Siemens Schweiz AG | Scattered light smoke detector with two colour light emitting diodes and a common photosensor or with a two colour light emitting diode and with two photosensors, each in a forward and backwards scattered light arrangement |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113168752A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
| WO2020078859A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
| EP3867888A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
| DE102018125494A1 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
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