CN113161709B - Broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic T power divider/synthesizer - Google Patents
Broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic T power divider/synthesizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113161709B CN113161709B CN202110337946.7A CN202110337946A CN113161709B CN 113161709 B CN113161709 B CN 113161709B CN 202110337946 A CN202110337946 A CN 202110337946A CN 113161709 B CN113161709 B CN 113161709B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/19—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port of the junction type
- H01P5/20—Magic-T junctions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic T power divider/synthesizer, and relates to the technical field of millimeter wave communication equipment and radio amplifiers. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: wedge-shaped fin lines connected through a thin film resistor and a trapezoidal cup probe located in an inverted Y-shaped opening seam on a medium substrate are embedded in a rectangular cavity of an isolation waveguide, the thin film resistor is etched on the medium substrate through a thin film process, the trapezoidal cup probe is located in a slot between two symmetrical waveguide matching cylindrical step bodies, and the trapezoidal cup probe and the slot are integrated into a magic T isolation branch in an integrated matching manner; the radio frequency signal is input into the standard rectangular main waveguide through the input standard rectangular waveguide port, is divided into a left path and a right path of signals through a matching structure formed by a trapezoidal cup probe fixed between two matching steps, enters the height-reduced rectangular branch waveguide, and is output through the output standard rectangular waveguide port to output the radio frequency signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a broadband millimeter wave mixed waveguide magic T power divider/synthesizer mainly used in the technical field of millimeter wave communication equipment and radio amplifiers, belonging to the technical field of microwave communication.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of satellite communication technology, the communication frequency band has been expanded from the commonly used Ka frequency band to a higher QV frequency band, and the millimeter wave power amplifier has an important role in an uplink transmission link of a millimeter wave communication system as a radio frequency signal amplifying device. With the development and maturity of the third-generation semiconductor technology, the output power of a single chip of a power amplifier chip is increased day by day, but the requirements of the fields of millimeter wave satellite communication, electronic countermeasure and the like on hundreds of watts and kilowatt-level high-power amplifiers cannot be met, so that the output signals of a plurality of amplifiers need to be synthesized by adopting a power synthesis technology, and a larger output power is obtained.
The power synthesis can be divided into planar, waveguide and quasi-optical power synthesis from the physical structure, because of the large loss of the planar circuit in the millimeter wave frequency band and the too large radiation loss of the quasi-optical power synthesis, the synthesis efficiency of the two synthesis modes in the millimeter wave frequency band is low, the high output power is obtained and the too large power is lost, compared with the planar and quasi-optical power synthesis, the waveguide power synthesis has small loss in the millimeter wave frequency band, compact structure, large number of synthesizable paths and good heat dissipation effect, and therefore, the waveguide power synthesis method is widely applied to the high-efficiency high-power synthesis in the millimeter wave frequency band.
The power divider/synthesizer is used as a key circuit of the power synthesis amplifier, and directly determines the synthesis efficiency of the power synthesis amplifier. The commonly used waveguide structure power divider/synthesizer mainly comprises a waveguide E/H-T type junction, a ring bridge, a waveguide branch bridge, a magic T and the like, and the waveguide E/H-T type junction power divider/synthesizer is most widely used in millimeter wave power synthesis due to simple and easy processing structure. However, the waveguide E/H-T junction power divider/combiner is a lossless three-port network, cannot realize matching of all ports, and there is no isolation between two output/combining ports, which is easy to cause instability of the system, especially when the stability of the power amplifier chip is poor, the self-excitation of the power combining amplifier is easy to cause. Therefore, a power dividing/combining network having isolation between output/combining ports such as a ring bridge, a waveguide branch bridge, a magic T, etc. is required to improve the stability of the power combining amplifier. Each stage of the synthesis structure of the waveguide branch bridge is realized by couplers with different coupling degrees, and because the synthesis efficiency of two paths of power is related to the loss of the couplers and the loss of interstage transmission lines, and the coupling amount of the couplers is weakened along with the increase of the synthesis stages, the processing precision cannot be guaranteed. Compared with a ring bridge and a waveguide branch bridge, the magic T has higher power capacity in a millimeter wave frequency band, and can realize power synthesis with higher power. The traditional wave band magic T power divider/synthesizer mostly adopts a cone, a pin or a diaphragm and other matching structures, so that the processing difficulty is high, the assembly precision requirement is high, the matching bandwidth is narrow, and the requirement of millimeter wave broadband power synthesis cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic T power divider/synthesizer which is small in size, simple in structure, easy to process and assemble, high in isolation and wide in working bandwidth so as to meet the requirement of millimeter wave broadband power synthesis.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic T power divider/synthesizer, including: height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4, standard rectangular main waveguide 3, and isolation waveguide 5, characterized in that: the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4 is perpendicular to the standard rectangular main waveguide 3 to form a three-port T-shaped waveguide structure, the isolation waveguide 5 is perpendicular to the three-port T-shaped waveguide structure, wedge-shaped fin lines 9 symmetrically connected through thin film resistors 10 and a trapezoidal cup probe 8 located in an inverted Y-shaped opening seam on a medium substrate 7 are embedded in a rectangular cavity of the isolation waveguide 5, the thin film resistors 10 are etched on the medium substrate 7 through a thin film process, and the trapezoidal cup probe 8 is located in a slot between two symmetrical waveguide matching column step bodies 6 on the lower end face of a cavity of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4 and integrated into a magic T isolation branch in an integrated matching manner; the radio frequency signal enters the standard rectangular main waveguide 3 through the standard rectangular waveguide port 1 of the three-port T-shaped waveguide, is divided into a left path and a right path of signals through a matching structure formed by a trapezoidal cup probe 8 fixed between two matching steps 6, enters the height-reduced rectangular branch waveguide 4, and is output from the output standard rectangular waveguide port 2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
Small size, simple structure and easy processing and assembly. The invention adopts a three-port T-shaped waveguide formed by a standard rectangular main waveguide 3 vertical to the length direction of a height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4 and an isolation waveguide 5 which is positioned on the horizontal plane of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4 and vertical to the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4, thereby effectively reducing the size of the power divider. Compared with the traditional matching structures such as a cone, a pin or a diaphragm, the magic T has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, simple structure, compact structure and excellent performance while ensuring the processing and assembling precision. The assembly is simple, the processing and the assembly are easy, the assembly of the absorption load and the installation of the film resistor 10 are convenient, the integrated processing and the forming can be realized, the impedance matching of the broadband can be realized, and the integration with the isolation port can be realized. The defects of large three-dimensional volume, complex allocation elements, high assembly difficulty and the like of the traditional waveguide magic T are overcome, and the application requirements of millimeter-wave broadband high-isolation power synthesis networks, phased array feed networks, multi-channel receivers and the like can be met.
High isolation and wide working bandwidth. The invention adopts a matching isolation branch way mode of combining a matching structure of a medium substrate 7, a trapezoidal cup seat probe 8 and a matching step 6 and a wedge-shaped fin line 9 and a thin film resistor 10, not only realizes broadband impedance matching of an isolation branch way and finishes integrated integration of matching and isolation, but also realizes integrated magic T by adopting a transition structure of the isolation branch way from a rectangular waveguide to the wedge-shaped fin line 9. The simulation optimization result shows that the return loss of the input port is about 20dB in the range of 27.0GHz-34.0GHz, the relative bandwidth reaches 23%, the isolation of the output port is more than 20dB in the frequency range of 26.1 GHz-36.0 GHz, the isolation relative bandwidth is more than 32.2%, the good isolation effect is shown, and the broadband high-isolation power divider has good application.
The port of the magic T has good performance, is mainly used for millimeter wave power synthesis systems, array antennas, multichannel receivers and the like, and is suitable for the fields of millimeter wave communication equipment, radio amplifier technology and the like.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic T power divider/synthesizer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cavity profile of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an S-parameter simulation curve of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a simulation plot of the output port isolation and input-output standing waves of fig. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises 1 input standard rectangular waveguide port, 2 output standard rectangular waveguide port, 3 standard rectangular main waveguide, 4 height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide, 5 isolation waveguide, 6 matching step, 7 medium substrate, 8 trapezoid cup probe, 9 wedge-shaped fin line and 10 thin film resistor.
The invention is described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Detailed Description
See fig. 1-3. In a preferred embodiment described below, a broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic-T power divider/combiner comprises: the three-port waveguide structure comprises a height-reduced rectangular branch waveguide 4, a standard rectangular main waveguide 3 and an isolation waveguide 5, wherein the height-reduced rectangular branch waveguide 4 and the standard rectangular main waveguide 3 are perpendicular to each other to form a three-port T-shaped waveguide structure, and the isolation waveguide 5 is perpendicular to the three-port T-shaped waveguide structure. Wedge-shaped fin lines 9 symmetrically connected through a thin film resistor 10 and a trapezoidal cup probe 8 located in an inverted Y-shaped opening seam on a medium substrate 7 are embedded in a rectangular cavity of an isolation waveguide 5, the thin film resistor 10 is etched on the medium substrate 7 through a thin film process, the trapezoidal cup probe 8 is located in a slot between two symmetrical waveguide matching cylindrical step bodies 6 on the lower end face of a cavity of a height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4, and the two symmetrical waveguide matching cylindrical step bodies are integrated into a magic T isolation branch in an integrated matching manner; the radio frequency signal enters the standard rectangular main waveguide 3 through the standard rectangular waveguide port 1 of the three-port T-shaped waveguide, is divided into a left path and a right path of signals through a matching structure formed by a trapezoidal cup probe 8 fixed between two matching steps 6, enters the height-reduced rectangular branch waveguide 4, and is output from the output standard rectangular waveguide port 2.
The dielectric substrate 7 is vertical to the wide side of the cavity bottom plate of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4, the side of the reverse standard rectangular main waveguide 3 deviates from the center line of the wide side of the isolation waveguide 5, and the waveguide matching column step bodies 6 are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the dielectric substrate 7 and are not connected with the narrow side of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4.
The thin film resistor 10 is etched on the dielectric substrate 7 by a thin film process.
The dielectric substrate 7 is perpendicular to the wide side of the height-reduced rectangular branch waveguide 4, and is opposite to the side of the standard rectangular main waveguide 3 and is deviated from the center line of the wide side of the isolation waveguide 5.
The thin film resistor 10 is connected to the junction of the wedge-shaped fin line 9, and the wedge-shaped fin line 9 is not connected with the short-circuit waveguide surface of the isolation waveguide 5.
The matching steps 6 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the dielectric substrate 7 and are not connected with the narrow side of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide 4.
Refer to fig. 4 and 5. According to the frequency response curve, the return loss of the input port is about 20dB within the range of 27.0GHz-34.0GHz, the relative bandwidth reaches 23%, the isolation of the output port is greater than 20dB within the frequency range of 26.1 GHz-36.0 GHz, the isolation relative bandwidth is greater than 32.2%, and the standing wave of the output port is greater than 20dB within the frequency range of 27.3 GHz-32.7 GHz.
The scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Various modifications to these embodiments described above will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined by the present invention may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Any technical solution obtained by performing the same or equivalent replacement on technical elements in the described specific technical solution or technical solution obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work on the basis of the described specific technical solution should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic T power divider/synthesizer, comprising: -a height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide (4), -a standard rectangular main waveguide (3), and-an isolating waveguide (5), characterized in that: the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide (4) is perpendicular to the standard rectangular main waveguide (3) to form a three-port T-shaped waveguide structure, the isolation waveguide (5) is perpendicular to the three-port T-shaped waveguide structure, wedge-shaped fin lines (9) symmetrically connected through thin film resistors (10) and a trapezoidal cup probe (8) located in an inverted Y-shaped opening seam on a medium substrate (7) are embedded in a rectangular cavity of the isolation waveguide (5), the thin film resistors (10) are etched on the medium substrate (7) through a thin film process, the trapezoidal cup probe (8) is located in a slot between two symmetrical waveguide matching column step bodies (6) on the lower end face of a cavity of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide (4), and integrated matching and integrating into a magic T isolation branch; radio-frequency signals enter a standard rectangular main waveguide (3) through a standard rectangular waveguide port (1) of the three-port T-shaped waveguide, are divided into a left path of signals and a right path of signals through a matching structure formed by a trapezoid cup probe (8) fixed between two matching column step bodies (6), enter a height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide (4), and are output from an output standard rectangular waveguide port (2).
2. The broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic-T power divider/synthesizer of claim 1, characterized in that: the dielectric substrate (7) is perpendicular to the wide edge of the cavity bottom plate of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide (4), the side of the reverse standard rectangular main waveguide (3) deviates from the center line of the wide edge of the isolation waveguide (5), and the waveguide matching column step bodies (6) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the dielectric substrate (7) and are not connected with the narrow edge of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide (4).
3. The broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic-T power divider/synthesizer of claim 1, characterized in that: the dielectric substrate (7) is vertical to the wide side of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide (4), is opposite to the side of the standard rectangular main waveguide (3), and deviates from the center line of the wide side of the isolation waveguide (5).
4. The broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic-T power divider/synthesizer of claim 1, characterized in that: the thin film resistor (10) is connected to the junction of the wedge-shaped fin line (9), and the wedge-shaped fin line (9) is not connected with the short-circuit waveguide surface of the isolation waveguide (5).
5. The broadband millimeter wave hybrid waveguide magic-T power divider/synthesizer of claim 1, characterized in that: the matching column step bodies (6) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the dielectric substrate (7) and are not connected with the narrow side of the height-reducing rectangular branch waveguide (4).
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| KR102522107B1 (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-04-17 | 한국전자통신연구원 | T-junction with high isolation and method of fabricating the same |
| CN114784477A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-07-22 | 成都浩翼创想科技有限公司 | Novel power synthesizer and 50-75GHz broadband phase-adjustable power synthesis network formed by same |
| CN114785300B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-11-15 | 成都浩翼创想科技有限公司 | 220GHZ power amplifier |
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| CN105281002A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-01-27 | 波音公司 | Enhanced hybrid-tee coupler |
| CN206225518U (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-06-06 | 南京华瓯电子科技有限公司 | Ka full frequency bands minimize high isolation waveguide power divider |
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| CN110190371B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2024-03-12 | 中电国基南方集团有限公司 | Waveguide power divider |
| CN110311201A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | A kind of reversed-phase power combiner |
| CN211556091U (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-09-22 | 南京信息工程大学 | Full-wave-band magic T based on double-sided stepped rectangular waveguide |
| CN112290183B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-02-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | High-isolation high-power synthesizer based on waveguide structure |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105281002A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-01-27 | 波音公司 | Enhanced hybrid-tee coupler |
| CN206225518U (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-06-06 | 南京华瓯电子科技有限公司 | Ka full frequency bands minimize high isolation waveguide power divider |
| CN212136661U (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-12-11 | 绵阳天赫微波科技有限公司 | H-surface magic T waveguide power combiner |
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