CN113149293A - Industrial wastewater treatment process - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004094 preconcentration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
- C02F1/4695—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis electrodeionisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/03—Pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an industrial wastewater treatment process, which mainly comprises the following steps: (1) performing plate-frame filtration on desulfurization wastewater, (2) performing pre-concentration on the clarified desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (1) to obtain desulfurization wastewater and reverse osmosis fresh water, (3) returning the reverse osmosis fresh water obtained in the step (2) to a desulfurization tower, (4) concentrating the clarified filtrate by using an electrodialysis membrane group device with a pH value adjusting function, (5) returning the first-stage electrodialysis fresh water obtained in the step (4) to a first adjusting tank, and (6) performing deep concentration on the primarily concentrated desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (4) by using an electrodialysis device. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: overcomes the defects of complex treatment process and waste solid formation caused by the failure of heavy metal recovery in the traditional sewage treatment method, and achieves the aim of real zero discharge of the desulfurization wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial wastewater treatment, in particular to an industrial wastewater treatment process.
Background
China is a well-recognized world resource, the coal yield is the top of the world, the specific gravity of coal can occupy more than 80% in each large energy source, and investigation shows that 90% of sulfide emission in the atmosphere is generated by insufficient combustion of coal. The environmental pollution is more and more serious, and people realize more profoundly that: the improvement of the environment is realized by reducing the combustion of coal, which is not feasible, and the secondary treatment of the vulcanization wastewater generated by the combustion of the coal can be realized to realize the recycling. At present, a large amount of flue gas is often generated in power generation of a thermal power plant, and the flue gas is usually desulfurized through a wet desulphurization technology, but inevitably, a large amount of sulfur-containing wastewater generated after wet desulphurization becomes the focus of attention of the thermal power plant at present.
More than 90% of coal-fired power plants in China adopt a limestone-gypsum method desulfurization process, and a large amount of desulfurization wastewater is generated in the process and needs to be treated.
The conventional treatment process of the desulfurization wastewater is 'neutralization-precipitation-coagulation', and the treated desulfurization wastewater can reach the relevant national discharge standard. However, a large amount of inorganic salt exists in the water body, the salt content is generally 2-3.5% (mass percent), and the environmental protection policy requires that zero emission treatment is gradually carried out on the high-salinity wastewater.
The zero discharge of the high-salinity wastewater mainly comprises two processes of concentration and decrement and evaporative crystallization. The concentration and decrement can be realized by the following available methods: reverse osmosis (brackish water reverse osmosis, seawater desalination reverse osmosis, butterfly tube reverse osmosis), forward osmosis, membrane distillation, and electrodialysis.
In recent years, with the breakthrough of homogeneous ion exchange membrane preparation technology, the homogeneous ion exchange membrane electrodialysis technology has unique advantages in high salt wastewater concentration and reduction due to the advantages of high concentration multiple, high reduction degree, moderate investment cost and operation cost.
The homogeneous phase ion exchange membrane has good electrochemical performance, namely low resistance and high permselectivity. The low resistance can reduce the voltage in the operation process, so that the operation energy consumption in the electrodialysis process is lower; the high permselectivity allows the homogeneous ion-exchange membrane to have high permeability to counterions (ions of opposite electrical polarity to the membrane-immobilized charged groups) but to be substantially impermeable to the same ions (ions of the same electrical polarity as the membrane-immobilized charged groups), thereby allowing the electrodialysis process to operate at higher efficiencies. Homogeneous ion exchange membranes also possess suitable mechanical, chemical and thermal stability. Such as: can bear the operation stress in the process of being installed in an electrodialysis device and the hydraulic pressure difference on two sides of the membrane in the process of electrodialysis, can keep stable for a long time when the pH value of the solution is between 2 and 12, and can keep stable for a long time when the temperature is not higher than 45 ℃.
In recent years, patents relating to the application of electrodialysis technology in the desulfurization wastewater treatment of coal-fired power plants have been reported, such as: method for performing power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge treatment by adopting electrodialysis technology
(CN201410590054), desalting and concentrating nanofiltration water by adopting a multi-stage countercurrent reverse-electrode electrodialysis method; in the flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment process of the power plant (CN201410734641), the clarified filtrate is concentrated by an electrodialysis membrane group device with a pH value adjusting function: zero discharge process of desulfurization waste water
(CN201510526476), and concentrating the desulfurized wastewater by using an electrodialysis system. The processes do not relate to the application of a homogeneous phase ion exchange membrane, and do not relate to the specific process of the concentration and decrement process and a control method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment process with simple and efficient technology, and solves the defects that the treatment process is complex, and heavy metals cannot be recovered to form waste solids in the traditional wastewater treatment method. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an industrial wastewater treatment process, comprising the following steps:
(1) performing plate-frame filtration on the desulfurization wastewater after conventional treatment, and then performing microfiltration to obtain clear filtrate without suspended matters; the micropore filtration adopts a sintered micropore filter stick for filtration, the material of the sintered micropore filter stick is polypropylene, and the filtration pore diameter is 0.2-5 microns;
(2) pre-concentrating the clear desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (1) by using a reverse osmosis device to obtain pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater with the salt concentration of 2.8-3.3% and reverse osmosis fresh water, and pumping the pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater into a second adjusting tank;
(3) returning the reverse osmosis fresh water obtained in the step (2) to a desulfurizing tower for flue gas desulfurization;
(4) concentrating the clear filtrate by using an electrodialysis membrane group device with a pH value adjusting function, and recycling the concentrated fresh water; part of the negative membranes in the electrodialysis membrane group device are replaced by bipolar membranes, and the number ratio of the bipolar membranes to the negative membranes is 1: 10-50, the anode layer of the bipolar membrane faces to the light chamber, and the cathode layer faces to the thick chamber; the concentration multiple is 10-50 times;
(5) and (4) returning the first-stage electrodialysis fresh water obtained in the step (4) to the first regulating tank.
(6) And (3) pumping the primarily concentrated desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (4) into a third regulating tank from the first concentrated water tank, when the third regulating tank is filled with liquid, injecting the liquid into the second concentrated water tank by the third regulating tank, when the second concentrated water tank is filled with liquid, starting a second-stage electrodialysis device for deep concentration, when the salt concentration in the second concentrated water tank is more than or equal to 15%, closing the second-stage electrodialysis device to obtain the deeply concentrated desulfurization wastewater with the salt concentration more than or equal to 15%, and discharging the deeply concentrated desulfurization wastewater to realize the reduction treatment of the desulfurization wastewater.
The sintered microporous filter stick is cleaned by air blowback, and the pressure of the air blowback is 0.1-0.3 MPa. .
The first-stage electrodialysis device and the second-stage electrodialysis device are made of homogeneous phase ion exchange membranes, the surface resistance of the membranes is 2-3 omega-cm & lt 2 & gt, the ion selective permeability of the membranes is 90-95%, the current efficiency of the first-stage electrodialysis device and the current efficiency of the second-stage electrodialysis device are 75-85%, the desalination rate is 70-90%, an automatic frequent electrode reversing mode is adopted, the electrode reversing frequency is sub/30 min, the first-stage electrodialysis device and the second-stage electrodialysis device share an electrode water tank, the electrode water tank is connected with a hydrochloric acid tank for automatic acid adding, and the pH value of the electrode water is 3.5-4, so that scaling of an electrode chamber is prevented.
Primarily concentrating the pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater through a first-stage electrodialysis device, wherein the capacity of a second adjusting tank is 15-20 times of that of a first concentrated water tank, the flow rate of feed liquid is 3-4cm/sec, and the average current density is 450-550A/cm & lt 2 & gt, the first concentrated water tank is controlled by the liquid level and the conductivity, and when the conductivity reaches 125mS/cm, the primarily concentrated desulfurization wastewater in the first concentrated water tank enters a third adjusting tank and is deeply concentrated through the second-stage electrodialysis device; the capacity of the third adjusting tank is 20-30 times of the capacity of the second concentrated water tank, the flow rate of the material liquid is 4-5cm/sec, the average current density is 550-700A/cm & lt 2 & gt, the second concentrated water tank is controlled by the liquid level and the conductivity, when the conductivity reaches 170mS/cm, the desulfurization wastewater after deep concentration in the second concentrated water tank is a product for reduction treatment, the total reduction degree is 75-90%, and the process subsequently enters an evaporation crystallization process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the method overcomes the defects that the traditional sewage treatment method has complex treatment process and the heavy metal can not be recovered to form waste solids, and develops the combined process of electrodialysis concentration and calcium sulfate crystal seed crystallization which has simple process, can recover the heavy metal and does not form the heavy metal waste solids on the basis of the basic characteristics and the specific components of the desulfurization wastewater of the power plant, thereby achieving the purpose of zero discharge of the desulfurization wastewater.
Detailed Description
To further clarify the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples. All other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1:
(1) performing plate-frame filtration on the desulfurization wastewater after conventional treatment, and then performing microfiltration to obtain clear filtrate without suspended matters; the micropore filtration adopts a sintered micropore filter stick for filtration, the material of the sintered micropore filter stick is polypropylene, and the filtration pore size is 0.2 micron;
(2) pre-concentrating the clear desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (1) by using a reverse osmosis device to obtain pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater with the salt concentration of 2.8% and reverse osmosis fresh water, and pumping the pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater into a second regulating tank;
(3) returning the reverse osmosis fresh water obtained in the step (2) to a desulfurizing tower for flue gas desulfurization;
(4) concentrating the clear filtrate by using an electrodialysis membrane group device with a pH value adjusting function, and recycling the concentrated fresh water; part of the negative membranes in the electrodialysis membrane group device are replaced by bipolar membranes, and the number ratio of the bipolar membranes to the negative membranes is 1: 50, the positive layer of the bipolar membrane faces to the light chamber, and the negative layer faces to the thick chamber; the concentration multiple is 10 times;
(5) and (4) returning the first-stage electrodialysis fresh water obtained in the step (4) to the first regulating tank.
(6) And (3) pumping the primarily concentrated desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (4) into a third regulating tank from the first concentrated water tank, when the third regulating tank is filled with liquid, injecting the liquid into the second concentrated water tank by the third regulating tank, when the second concentrated water tank is filled with liquid, starting a second-stage electrodialysis device for deep concentration, when the salt concentration in the second concentrated water tank is more than or equal to 15%, closing the second-stage electrodialysis device to obtain the deeply concentrated desulfurization wastewater with the salt concentration more than or equal to 15%, and discharging the deeply concentrated desulfurization wastewater to realize the reduction treatment of the desulfurization wastewater.
Example 2
(1) Performing plate-frame filtration on the desulfurization wastewater after conventional treatment, and then performing microfiltration to obtain clear filtrate without suspended matters; the micropore filtration adopts a sintered micropore filter stick for filtration, the material of the sintered micropore filter stick is polypropylene, and the filtration pore size is 5 microns; (ii) a
(2) Pre-concentrating the clear desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (1) by using a reverse osmosis device to obtain pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater with the salt concentration of 3.3% and reverse osmosis fresh water, and pumping the pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater into a second regulating tank;
(3) returning the reverse osmosis fresh water obtained in the step (2) to a desulfurizing tower for flue gas desulfurization;
(4) concentrating the clear filtrate by using an electrodialysis membrane group device with a pH value adjusting function, and recycling the concentrated fresh water; part of the negative membranes in the electrodialysis membrane group device are replaced by bipolar membranes, and the number ratio of the bipolar membranes to the negative membranes is 10: 50, the positive layer of the bipolar membrane faces to the light chamber, and the negative layer faces to the thick chamber; the concentration multiple is 50 times;
(5) and (4) returning the first-stage electrodialysis fresh water obtained in the step (4) to the first regulating tank.
(6) And (3) pumping the primarily concentrated desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (4) into a third regulating tank from the first concentrated water tank, when the third regulating tank is filled with liquid, injecting the liquid into the second concentrated water tank by the third regulating tank, when the second concentrated water tank is filled with liquid, starting a second-stage electrodialysis device for deep concentration, when the salt concentration in the second concentrated water tank is more than or equal to 15%, closing the second-stage electrodialysis device to obtain the deeply concentrated desulfurization wastewater with the salt concentration more than or equal to 15%, and discharging the deeply concentrated desulfurization wastewater to realize the reduction treatment of the desulfurization wastewater.
Specifically, the sintered microporous filter stick is cleaned by air blowback, and the air blowback pressure is 0.1-0.3 MPa.
Specifically, the first-stage electrodialysis device and the second-stage electrodialysis device adopt homogeneous-phase ion exchange membranes, the surface resistance of the membranes is 2-3 omega cm & lt 2 & gt, the ion permselectivity of the membranes is 90-95%, the current efficiency of the first-stage electrodialysis device and the second-stage electrodialysis device is 75-85%, the desalination rate is 70-90%, automatic frequent electrode reversing modes are adopted, the electrode reversing frequency is sub/30 min, the first-stage electrodialysis device and the second-stage electrodialysis device share an electrode water tank, the electrode water tank is connected with a hydrochloric acid tank for automatic acid adding, and the pH value of the electrode water is 3.5-4 so as to prevent electrode chambers from scaling.
Specifically, the pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater is primarily concentrated through a first-stage electrodialysis device, the capacity of a second regulating tank is 15-20 times that of a first concentrated water tank, the flow rate of feed liquid is 3-4cm/sec, the average current density is 450-550A/cm & lt 2 & gt, the first concentrated water tank is controlled by the liquid level and the conductivity, when the conductivity reaches 125mS/cm, the primarily concentrated desulfurization wastewater in the first concentrated water tank enters a third regulating tank, and deep concentration is carried out through the second-stage electrodialysis device; the capacity of the third adjusting tank is 20-30 times of the capacity of the second concentrated water tank, the flow rate of the material liquid is 4-5cm/sec, the average current density is 550-700A/cm & lt 2 & gt, the second concentrated water tank is controlled by the liquid level and the conductivity, when the conductivity reaches 170mS/cm, the desulfurization wastewater after deep concentration in the second concentrated water tank is a product for reduction treatment, the total reduction degree is 75-90%, and the process subsequently enters an evaporative crystallization process.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, but all the modifications made by the principles of the present invention and the non-inventive efforts based thereon should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An industrial wastewater treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) performing plate-frame filtration on the desulfurization wastewater after conventional treatment, and then performing microfiltration to obtain clear filtrate without suspended matters; the micropore filtration adopts a sintered micropore filter stick for filtration, the material of the sintered micropore filter stick is polypropylene, and the filtration pore diameter is 0.2-5 microns; (ii) a
(2) Pre-concentrating the clarified desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (1) by using a reverse osmosis device to obtain pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater with the salt concentration of 2.8-3.3% and reverse osmosis fresh water, and pumping the pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater into a second regulating tank;
(3) returning the reverse osmosis fresh water obtained in the step (2) to a desulfurizing tower for flue gas desulfurization;
(4) concentrating the clear filtrate by using an electrodialysis membrane group device with a pH value adjusting function, and recycling the concentrated fresh water; part of the negative membranes in the electrodialysis membrane group device are replaced by bipolar membranes, and the number ratio of the bipolar membranes to the negative membranes is 1: 10-50, the anode layer of the bipolar membrane faces to the light chamber, and the cathode layer faces to the thick chamber; the concentration multiple is 10-50 times;
(5) and (4) returning the first-stage electrodialysis fresh water obtained in the step (4) to the first regulating tank.
(6) And (3) pumping the primarily concentrated desulfurization wastewater obtained in the step (4) into a third regulating tank from the first concentrated water tank, when the third regulating tank is filled with liquid, injecting the liquid into the second concentrated water tank by the third regulating tank, when the second concentrated water tank is filled with liquid, starting a second-stage electrodialysis device for deep concentration, when the salt concentration in the second concentrated water tank is more than or equal to 15%, closing the second-stage electrodialysis device to obtain the deeply concentrated desulfurization wastewater with the salt concentration more than or equal to 15%, and discharging the deeply concentrated desulfurization wastewater to realize the reduction treatment of the desulfurization wastewater.
2. The industrial wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sintered microporous filter stick is cleaned by air blowback, and the pressure of the air blowback is 0.1-0.3 MPa.
3. The industrial wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first-stage electrodialysis device and the second-stage electrodialysis device are made of homogeneous phase ion exchange membranes, the surface resistance of the membranes is 2-3 omega-cm & lt 2 & gt, the ion selective permeability of the membranes is 90-95%, the current efficiency of the first-stage electrodialysis device and the current efficiency of the second-stage electrodialysis device are 75-85%, the desalination rate is 70-90%, an automatic frequent electrode reversing mode is adopted, the electrode reversing frequency is sub/30 min, the first-stage electrodialysis device and the second-stage electrodialysis device share an electrode water tank, the electrode water tank is connected with a hydrochloric acid tank for automatic acid adding, and the pH value of the electrode water is 3.5-4, so that scaling of an electrode chamber is prevented.
4. The industrial wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: primarily concentrating the pre-concentrated desulfurization wastewater through a first-stage electrodialysis device, wherein the capacity of a second adjusting tank is 15-20 times of that of a first concentrated water tank, the flow rate of feed liquid is 3-4cm/sec, and the average current density is 450-550A/cm & lt 2 & gt, the first concentrated water tank is controlled by the liquid level and the conductivity, and when the conductivity reaches 125mS/cm, the primarily concentrated desulfurization wastewater in the first concentrated water tank enters a third adjusting tank and is deeply concentrated through the second-stage electrodialysis device; the capacity of the third adjusting tank is 20-30 times of the capacity of the second concentrated water tank, the flow rate of the material liquid is 4-5cm/sec, the average current density is 550-700A/cm & lt 2 & gt, the second concentrated water tank is controlled by the liquid level and the conductivity, when the conductivity reaches 170mS/cm, the desulfurization wastewater after deep concentration in the second concentrated water tank is a product for reduction treatment, the total reduction degree is 75-90%, and the process subsequently enters an evaporation crystallization process.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1085742A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for treating desulfurization drainage |
| CN104478141A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-01 | 杭州水处理技术研究开发中心有限公司 | Power plant flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment process |
| CN204265579U (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-15 | 杭州水处理技术研究开发中心有限公司 | A kind of means of flue gas desulfurization of power plant wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN106242133A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2016-12-21 | 厦门市科宁沃特水处理科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Desulphurization for Coal-fired Power Plant waste water homogeneous ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis minimizing processes technique |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1085742A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for treating desulfurization drainage |
| CN104478141A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-01 | 杭州水处理技术研究开发中心有限公司 | Power plant flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment process |
| CN204265579U (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-15 | 杭州水处理技术研究开发中心有限公司 | A kind of means of flue gas desulfurization of power plant wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN106242133A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2016-12-21 | 厦门市科宁沃特水处理科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Desulphurization for Coal-fired Power Plant waste water homogeneous ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis minimizing processes technique |
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