CN113149001A - Automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite - Google Patents
Automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite Download PDFInfo
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- CN113149001A CN113149001A CN202110244509.0A CN202110244509A CN113149001A CN 113149001 A CN113149001 A CN 113149001A CN 202110244509 A CN202110244509 A CN 202110244509A CN 113149001 A CN113149001 A CN 113149001A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
- C01B32/215—Purification; Recovery or purification of graphite formed in iron making, e.g. kish graphite
Abstract
The application discloses an automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite, which comprises dividing the fineness range value of a catalyst for preparing brominated polystyrene; weighing and taking materials; crushing; mixing uniformly; the catalyst preparation is completed. The beneficial effect of this application is: can divide fineness ratio regulation and control to catalyst quantity according to the preparation needs, reach the effect that forms six kinds of different fineness preparation, adopt the mode of smashing one by one and adding the mixed powder, be favorable to fully mixing together between the various single material, and go on in same crushing apparatus, guarantee the uniformity of smashing the fineness, through reducing or increased rubbing crusher tup quantity, can adjust crushing degree, reach the effect of smashing the fineness adjustment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to an automatic high-yield method, in particular to an automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite.
Background
Graphite is a mineral name, generally produced in metamorphic rocks, formed by regional metamorphic action or magma invasion of coal or carbonaceous rocks (or sediments), is an allotrope of elemental carbon, each carbon atom having its periphery bound to three other carbon atoms, arranged in a honeycomb pattern of multiple hexagons, with weak van der waals attraction between each layer, and since each carbon atom emits an electron, those electrons are free to move, thus graphite is an electrical conductor, graphite is one of the softest minerals, opaque and greasy to the touch, from iron black to steel dust, in crystalline, lamellar, scaly, striated, laminar or scattered in metamorphic rocks, chemically inert, and corrosion resistant.
At present, in the industry, spherical graphite is generally purified by adopting a 1000 ml steel-lined tetrafluoro reaction kettle or a 3000 ml PP reaction kettle, the feeding is 0.6 to 3.0 tons at most, the types and the quantity of added reagents are large, the process is complex, the heating frequency is large, and the cost is high. Therefore, an automated high-throughput method for purification of spheroidal graphite is proposed to address the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve the above problems and provide an automated high-yield method for purification of spheroidal graphite.
The technical scheme is that the automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying the spherical graphite comprises the following specific steps:
1) mixing and stirring water and spherical graphite into paste, adding a purifying reagent, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the spherical graphite to the water is 100 (70-100), and the ratio of the spherical graphite to the purifying reagent 1,2 and 3 is 100 (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10), the content of the purifying reagent 1 is hydrofluoric acid and is 40%, the content of the purifying reagent 2 is hydrochloric acid and is 32%, the content of the purifying reagent 3 is nitric acid and is 65%, and the carbon content of the used spherical graphite is as follows: 95 percent, and the used water is ultrafiltration water;
2) heating the mixture, raising the temperature to 90 ℃ at one time, and reacting for 12 hours to obtain a semi-finished product mixed solution;
3) washing the semi-finished product mixed liquor by using a filter press until the semi-finished product mixed liquor is neutral and has a pH value of 7, and carrying out filter pressing to obtain a semi-finished product filter cake with the water content of less than 35%;
4) and then mixing and stirring water and the semi-finished product filter cake into paste, adding the purification reagents 2 and 3, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the semi-finished product to the water is 138:62, and the ratio of the semi-finished product to the purification reagents 2 and 3 is 138 (30-60): (10-12);
5) heating the mixture, raising the temperature to 90 ℃ at one time, and reacting for 8 hours to obtain a finished product mixed solution;
6) and (3) washing the finished product mixed solution by using a centrifugal machine until the mixed solution is neutral and has a pH value of 7, and dehydrating and drying to obtain a finished product filter cake with the water content of less than 25%.
Preferably, in step 1, the graphite raw material and water are uniformly mixed, and then the acid solution is added, wherein the acid solution is a mixture of a hydrofluoric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid solution to the hydrochloric acid solution to the nitric acid solution is 100 (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10).
Preferably, in step 1, the particle size of the spherical graphite is 8-30um and the carbon content is 95%.
Preferably, in step 6, silicate minerals such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminum, etc. as impurities in the raw material for spheroidal graphite are removed.
Preferably, steam is used for heating in steps 2 and 5, a natural gas boiler is used for heating, and the washing can be carried out after the temperature is reduced to below 70 ℃ in steps 2 and 5.
Preferably, in step 1, the reaction kettle is a 20 cubic steel-lined tetrafluoro-sealed reaction kettle.
Preferably, in step 1, the water is free of silt and has an electrical conductivity of less than 100 us/cm.
Preferably, in step 3), the filter press is a steel-lined polytetrafluoroethylene closed reaction kettle capable of automatically flushing and resisting corrosion.
Preferably, in step 6, the centrifuge is a 1.6 meter diameter corrosion resistant centrifuge.
Preferably, in step 6, the water used does not contain silt and calcium and magnesium ions, and the conductivity is less than 5 us/cm.
The beneficial effect of this application is: the method can be used for preparing the spherical graphite purification method of the lithium ion battery cathode material, which has the advantages of high yield, automation, large output, few types and numbers of added reagents, simple process, one-time temperature rise and low cost.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The first embodiment is as follows:
an automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite comprises the following specific steps:
1) mixing and stirring water and spherical graphite into paste, adding a purifying reagent, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the spherical graphite to the water is 100 (70-100), and the ratio of the spherical graphite to the purifying reagent 1,2 and 3 is 100 (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10), the content of the purifying reagent 1 is hydrofluoric acid and is 40%, the content of the purifying reagent 2 is hydrochloric acid and is 32%, the content of the purifying reagent 3 is nitric acid and is 65%, and the carbon content of the used spherical graphite is as follows: 95 percent, and the used water is ultrafiltration water;
2) heating the mixture, raising the temperature to 90 ℃ at one time, and reacting for 12 hours to obtain a semi-finished product mixed solution;
3) washing the semi-finished product mixed liquor by using a filter press until the semi-finished product mixed liquor is neutral and has a pH value of 7, and carrying out filter pressing to obtain a semi-finished product filter cake with the water content of less than 35%;
4) and then mixing and stirring water and the semi-finished product filter cake into paste, adding the purification reagents 2 and 3, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the semi-finished product to the water is 138:62, and the ratio of the semi-finished product to the purification reagents 2 and 3 is 138 (30-60): (10-12);
5) heating the mixture, raising the temperature to 90 ℃ at one time, and reacting for 8 hours to obtain a finished product mixed solution;
6) and (3) washing the finished product mixed solution by using a centrifugal machine until the mixed solution is neutral and has a pH value of 7, and dehydrating and drying to obtain a finished product filter cake with the water content of less than 25%.
Further, the graphite raw material and water are uniformly mixed, and then the acid solution is added, wherein the acid solution is a mixture of a hydrofluoric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid solution to the hydrochloric acid solution to the nitric acid solution is (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10).
Further, the particle size of the spherical graphite is 8-30um and the carbon content is 95%.
Further, the raw material of the spheroidal graphite is removed from impurities such as silicate minerals of potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminum, etc.
Furthermore, steam heating is adopted for heating, a natural gas boiler is adopted for heating, and washing can be carried out when the temperature is reduced to below 70 ℃ in the steps 2 and 5.
Further, the reaction kettle is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle with 20 cubes.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt, and the conductivity is less than 100 us/cm.
Furthermore, the filter press is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle capable of automatically flushing and resisting corrosion.
Further, the centrifuge is a corrosion-resistant centrifuge with a diameter of 1.6 meters.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt and calcium and magnesium ions, and the conductivity is less than 5 us/cm.
Example two:
an automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite comprises the following specific steps:
adding 4.8 tons of tap water into a reaction kettle, adding 5 tons of spherical graphite, sequentially adding 1.15 tons of hydrofluoric acid, 1.4 tons of hydrochloric acid and 0.4 ton of nitric acid, uniformly stirring, opening a heating device, heating to 93 ℃, stopping heating, starting stirring to uniformly mix materials and starting a chemical reaction; the reaction time is 12 hours, washing and filter pressing are carried out after the reaction time is up, and secondary reaction is carried out on filter cakes after the filter pressing.
Adding 3 tons of pure water into a reaction kettle, adding a filter cake of the primary reaction, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding 2.3 tons of hydrochloric acid and 0.5 ton of nitric acid, uniformly stirring, opening a heating device, heating to 93 ℃, stopping heating, starting stirring to uniformly mix materials and starting a chemical reaction; the reaction time is 8 hours, and after the reaction time is up, washing and dehydration are carried out, and the dehydrated filter pressing and drying are carried out.
Further, the graphite raw material and water are uniformly mixed, and then the acid solution is added, wherein the acid solution is a mixture of a hydrofluoric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid solution to the hydrochloric acid solution to the nitric acid solution is (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10).
Further, the particle size of the spherical graphite is 8-30um and the carbon content is 95%.
Further, the raw material of the spheroidal graphite is removed from impurities such as silicate minerals of potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminum, etc.
Furthermore, steam heating is adopted for heating, a natural gas boiler is adopted for heating, and washing can be carried out when the temperature is reduced to below 70 ℃ in the steps 2 and 5.
Further, the reaction kettle is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle with 20 cubes.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt, and the conductivity is less than 100 us/cm.
Furthermore, the filter press is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle capable of automatically flushing and resisting corrosion.
Further, the centrifuge is a corrosion-resistant centrifuge with a diameter of 1.6 meters.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt and calcium and magnesium ions, and the conductivity is less than 5 us/cm.
Example three:
an automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite comprises the following specific steps:
adding 4.6 tons of tap water into a reaction kettle, adding 5 tons of spherical graphite, sequentially adding 1.16 tons of hydrofluoric acid, 1.5 tons of hydrochloric acid and 0.5 ton of nitric acid, uniformly stirring, opening a heating device, heating to 93 ℃, stopping heating, starting stirring to uniformly mix materials and starting a chemical reaction; the reaction time is 12 hours, washing and filter pressing are carried out after the reaction time is up, and secondary reaction is carried out on filter cakes after the filter pressing.
Adding 3 tons of pure water into a reaction kettle, adding a filter cake of the primary reaction, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding 2.4 tons of hydrochloric acid and 0.5 ton of nitric acid, uniformly stirring, opening a heating device, heating to 93 ℃, stopping heating, starting stirring to uniformly mix materials and starting a chemical reaction; the reaction time is 8 hours, and after the reaction time is up, washing and dehydration are carried out, and the dehydrated filter pressing and drying are carried out.
Further, the graphite raw material and water are uniformly mixed, and then the acid solution is added, wherein the acid solution is a mixture of a hydrofluoric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid solution to the hydrochloric acid solution to the nitric acid solution is (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10).
Further, the particle size of the spherical graphite is 8-30um and the carbon content is 95%.
Further, the raw material of the spheroidal graphite is removed from impurities such as silicate minerals of potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminum, etc.
Furthermore, steam heating is adopted for heating, a natural gas boiler is adopted for heating, and washing can be carried out when the temperature is reduced to below 70 ℃ in the steps 2 and 5.
Further, the reaction kettle is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle with 20 cubes.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt, and the conductivity is less than 100 us/cm.
Furthermore, the filter press is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle capable of automatically flushing and resisting corrosion.
Further, the centrifuge is a corrosion-resistant centrifuge with a diameter of 1.6 meters.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt and calcium and magnesium ions, and the conductivity is less than 5 us/cm.
Example four:
an automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite comprises the following specific steps:
adding 4.6 tons of tap water into a reaction kettle, adding 5 tons of spherical graphite, sequentially adding 1.16 tons of hydrofluoric acid, 1.5 tons of hydrochloric acid and 0.5 ton of nitric acid, uniformly stirring, opening a heating device, heating to 93 ℃, stopping heating, starting stirring to uniformly mix materials and starting a chemical reaction; the reaction time is 12 hours, washing and filter pressing are carried out after the reaction time is up, and secondary reaction is carried out on filter cakes after the filter pressing.
Adding 3 tons of pure water into a reaction kettle, adding a filter cake of the primary reaction, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding 2.4 tons of hydrochloric acid and 0.5 ton of nitric acid, uniformly stirring, opening a heating device, heating to 93 ℃, stopping heating, starting stirring to uniformly mix materials and starting a chemical reaction; the reaction time is 8 hours, and after the reaction time is up, washing and dehydration are carried out, and the dehydrated filter pressing and drying are carried out.
Further, the graphite raw material and water are uniformly mixed, and then the acid solution is added, wherein the acid solution is a mixture of a hydrofluoric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid solution to the hydrochloric acid solution to the nitric acid solution is (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10).
Further, the particle size of the spherical graphite is 8-30um and the carbon content is 95%.
Further, the raw material of the spheroidal graphite is removed from impurities such as silicate minerals of potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminum, etc.
Furthermore, steam heating is adopted for heating, a natural gas boiler is adopted for heating, and washing can be carried out when the temperature is reduced to below 70 ℃ in the steps 2 and 5.
Further, the reaction kettle is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle with 20 cubes.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt, and the conductivity is less than 100 us/cm.
Furthermore, the filter press is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle capable of automatically flushing and resisting corrosion.
Further, the centrifuge is a corrosion-resistant centrifuge with a diameter of 1.6 meters.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt and calcium and magnesium ions, and the conductivity is less than 5 us/cm.
Example five:
an automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite comprises the following specific steps:
adding 4.5 tons of tap water into a reaction kettle, adding 5 tons of spherical graphite, sequentially adding 1.25 tons of hydrofluoric acid, 1.5 tons of hydrochloric acid and 0.5 ton of nitric acid, uniformly stirring, opening a heating device, heating to 93 ℃, stopping heating, starting stirring to uniformly mix materials and starting a chemical reaction; the reaction time is 12 hours, washing and filter pressing are carried out after the reaction time is up, and secondary reaction is carried out on filter cakes after the filter pressing.
Adding 3 tons of pure water into a reaction kettle, adding a filter cake of the primary reaction, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding 2.5 tons of hydrochloric acid and 0.5 ton of nitric acid, uniformly stirring, opening a heating device, heating to 93 ℃, stopping heating, starting stirring to uniformly mix materials and starting a chemical reaction; the reaction time is 8 hours, and after the reaction time is up, washing and dehydration are carried out, and the dehydrated filter pressing and drying are carried out.
Further, the graphite raw material and water are uniformly mixed, and then the acid solution is added, wherein the acid solution is a mixture of a hydrofluoric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid solution to the hydrochloric acid solution to the nitric acid solution is (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10).
Further, the particle size of the spherical graphite is 8-30um and the carbon content is 95%.
Further, the raw material of the spheroidal graphite is removed from impurities such as silicate minerals of potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminum, etc.
Furthermore, steam heating is adopted for heating, a natural gas boiler is adopted for heating, and washing can be carried out when the temperature is reduced to below 70 ℃ in the steps 2 and 5.
Further, the reaction kettle is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle with 20 cubes.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt, and the conductivity is less than 100 us/cm.
Furthermore, the filter press is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle capable of automatically flushing and resisting corrosion.
Further, the centrifuge is a corrosion-resistant centrifuge with a diameter of 1.6 meters.
Furthermore, the used water does not contain silt and calcium and magnesium ions, and the conductivity is less than 5 us/cm.
The automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying the spherical graphite has the advantages that: the method can be used for preparing the spherical graphite purification method of the lithium ion battery cathode material, which has the advantages of high yield, automation, large output, few types and numbers of added reagents, simple process, one-time temperature rise and low cost.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic high-yield method for preparing and purifying spherical graphite is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) mixing and stirring water and spherical graphite into paste, adding a purifying reagent, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the spherical graphite to the water is 100 (70-100), and the ratio of the spherical graphite to the purifying reagent 1,2 and 3 is 100 (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10), the content of the purifying reagent 1 is hydrofluoric acid and is 40%, the content of the purifying reagent 2 is hydrochloric acid and is 32%, the content of the purifying reagent 3 is nitric acid and is 65%, and the carbon content of the used spherical graphite is as follows: 95 percent, and the used water is ultrafiltration water;
2) heating the mixture, raising the temperature to 90 ℃ at one time, and reacting for 12 hours to obtain a semi-finished product mixed solution;
3) washing the semi-finished product mixed liquor by using a filter press until the semi-finished product mixed liquor is neutral and has a pH value of 7, and carrying out filter pressing to obtain a semi-finished product filter cake with the water content of less than 35%;
4) and then mixing and stirring water and the semi-finished product filter cake into paste, adding the purification reagents 2 and 3, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the semi-finished product to the water is 138:62, and the ratio of the semi-finished product to the purification reagents 2 and 3 is 138 (30-60): (10-12);
5) heating the mixture, raising the temperature to 90 ℃ at one time, and reacting for 8 hours to obtain a finished product mixed solution;
6) and (3) washing the finished product mixed solution by using a centrifugal machine until the mixed solution is neutral and has a pH value of 7, and dehydrating and drying to obtain a finished product filter cake with the water content of less than 25%.
2. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the graphite raw material and water are uniformly mixed, and then the acid solution is added, wherein the acid solution is a mixture of a hydrofluoric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid solution to the hydrochloric acid solution to the nitric acid solution is (12-30) to (25-40): (8-10).
3. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in step 1, the particle size of the spherical graphite is 8-30um and the carbon content is 95%.
4. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in step 6, silicate minerals such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminum, etc. are removed from the raw material for spheroidal graphite.
5. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in steps 2 and 5, steam heating is adopted for heating, a natural gas boiler is adopted for heating, and the washing can be carried out when the temperature is reduced to below 70 ℃ in steps 2 and 5.
6. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the reaction kettle is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle with 20 cubes.
7. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the used water does not contain silt, and the conductivity is less than 100 us/cm.
8. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the filter press is a steel-lined PTFE closed reaction kettle capable of automatically flushing and resisting corrosion.
9. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in step 6, the centrifuge is a 1.6 meter diameter corrosion resistant centrifuge.
10. An automated high-throughput process for the purification of graphite spheres of claim 1, wherein: in step 6, the used water does not contain silt and calcium and magnesium ions, and the conductivity is less than 5 us/cm.
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