CN113147316A - 一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法 - Google Patents

一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法 Download PDF

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CN113147316A
CN113147316A CN202110395458.1A CN202110395458A CN113147316A CN 113147316 A CN113147316 A CN 113147316A CN 202110395458 A CN202110395458 A CN 202110395458A CN 113147316 A CN113147316 A CN 113147316A
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battery
temperature
valve
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thermal management
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伏春波
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Shanghai Co Morals Automotive Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Co Morals Automotive Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了纯电动车技术领域的一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法，包括：动力电池、温度计、电池散热器、三通比例阀1、三通比例阀2、冷凝器、空压机、电磁阀1、电磁阀2、电磁阀3、电磁阀4、电机散热器、膨胀水箱、电机、控制器、水泵1、水泵2、暖通空调HVAC、电池冷却器Chiller，通过增加了温度计，可以实现对***的准确控制，可以利用空调和PTC，结合电池阀和比例阀等，实现小循环的工作，迅速冷却或者加热电池温度，使得工作在高效工作区，还可以利用电控和电机的温度，减少能量损失和提高续航里程，通过电磁阀和比例阀，使得冷却液管路实现耦合或者单独工作等多种工作模式。

Description

一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纯电动车技术领域，具体为一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法。
背景技术
纯电动汽车是指以车载电源为动力，用电机驱动车轮行驶，符合道路交通、安全法规各项要求的车辆，由于对环境影响相对传统汽车较小，其前景被广泛看好，但当前技术尚不成熟，它是完全由可充电电池提供动力源的汽车，虽然它已有186年的悠久历史，但一直仅限于某些特定范围内应用，市场较小，主要原因是由于各种类别的蓄电池，普遍存在价格高、寿命短、外形尺寸和重量大、充电时间长等严重缺点。
目前，纯电动车的电池加热，大部分通过PTC单独加热，没有充分利用已有的零部件能量余热，大大降低了续航里程，纯电动车的驱动电机和电控管路为独立管路，没有与电池管路耦合，动力***内部的能量不能充分利用，电池的冷却***和加热***不共用，并且不是通过小循环，导致能量消耗大，能量利用率低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***，包括：动力电池、温度计、电池散热器、三通比例阀1、三通比例阀2、冷凝器、空压机、电磁阀1、电磁阀2、电磁阀3、电磁阀4、电机散热器、膨胀水箱、电机、控制器、水泵1、水泵2、暖通空调HVAC、电池冷却器Chiller。
优选的，所述冷凝器与空压机连接，所述空压机通过电磁阀2与电池冷却器Chiller连接，所述空压机通过电磁阀1与暖通空调HVAC连接。
优选的，所述电池散热器通过电磁阀3与电池冷却器Chiller连接，所述电机散热器与膨胀水箱连接，所述控制器与水泵1连接。
一种纯电动车的热管理方案的控制方法，包括检测动力电池的温度，判断是否开启热管理功能、检测温度达标时，启动动力电池热管理功能、检测温度不达标时，暂不启动动力电池热管理功能，所述一种纯电动车的热管理方案的控制方法包括冬季模式与夏季冷却模式。
优选的，所述冬季模式包括以下几个步骤：
步骤1，启动前，电磁阀3打开，其它阀关闭，通过电子水泵2实现小循环，PTC给小循环水路加热，使得电池快速达到正常工作温度；
步骤2，启动时，电机和控制器水路温度升高，PTC加热器停止工作，电池比例阀1和电磁比例阀2开启，两个水路均不通过散热器，避免能量损失，通过电池本体发热量、电机和电控的热量维持电池的正常工作；
步骤3，当工作温度高于电池高效区的工作温度时，电磁比例阀1和2调整开度大小，根据监测温度，调整开度比例，一部分冷却液经过散热散热再回到电池，一部分通过比例阀直接回到电池；
步骤4，当电池温度需要散热时，电磁比例阀1处的冷却液直接通过电池的散热器，电磁比例阀2的冷却液直接通过电机和电控的散热器。
优选的，所述夏季冷却模式包括以下几个步骤：
步骤1，启动时，电池温度在高效工作区，电池，电机和控制器单独散热，电池冷却液经过电池散热器单独散热，电机和控制器冷却液单独经过其散热器单独散热；
步骤2，当电池工作温度较高时，空调冷却管路阀2开启，小循环阀3开启，空调***直接冷却电池小循环的冷却液，快速降低电池冷却液温度，使电池温度迅速降低，达到安全和高效温度区。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1，可以利用空调和PTC，结合电池阀和比例阀等，实现小循环的工作，迅速冷却或者加热电池温度，使得工作在高效工作区。
2，可以利用电控和电机的温度，减少能量损失和提高续航里程。
3，通过电磁阀和比例阀，使得冷却液管路实现耦合或者单独工作等多种工作模式。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法的原理图；
图2为本发明一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供一种技术方案：一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***，包括：动力电池、温度计、电池散热器、三通比例阀1、三通比例阀2、冷凝器、空压机、电磁阀1、电磁阀2、电磁阀3、电磁阀4、电机散热器、膨胀水箱、电机、控制器、水泵1、水泵2、暖通空调HVAC、电池冷却器Chiller。
进一步的，所述冷凝器与空压机连接，所述空压机通过电磁阀2与电池冷却器Chiller连接，所述空压机通过电磁阀1与暖通空调HVAC连接。
进一步的，所述电池散热器通过电磁阀3与电池冷却器Chiller连接，所述电机散热器与膨胀水箱连接，所述控制器与水泵1连接。
一种纯电动车的热管理方案的控制方法，包括检测动力电池的温度，判断是否开启热管理功能、检测温度达标时，启动动力电池热管理功能、检测温度不达标时，暂不启动动力电池热管理功能，所述一种纯电动车的热管理方案的控制方法包括冬季模式与夏季冷却模式。
进一步的，所述冬季模式包括以下几个步骤：
步骤1，启动前，电磁阀3打开，其它阀关闭，通过电子水泵2实现小循环，PTC给小循环水路加热，使得电池快速达到正常工作温度；
步骤2，启动时，电机和控制器水路温度升高，PTC加热器停止工作，电池比例阀1和电磁比例阀2开启，两个水路均不通过散热器，避免能量损失，通过电池本体发热量、电机和电控的热量维持电池的正常工作；
步骤3，当工作温度高于电池高效区的工作温度时，电磁比例阀1和2调整开度大小，根据监测温度，调整开度比例，一部分冷却液经过散热散热再回到电池，一部分通过比例阀直接回到电池；
步骤4，当电池温度需要散热时，电磁比例阀1处的冷却液直接通过电池的散热器，电磁比例阀2的冷却液直接通过电机和电控的散热器。
进一步的，所述夏季冷却模式包括以下几个步骤：
步骤1，启动时，电池温度在高效工作区，电池，电机和控制器单独散热，电池冷却液经过电池散热器单独散热，电机和控制器冷却液单独经过其散热器单独散热；
步骤2，当电池工作温度较高时，空调冷却管路阀2开启，小循环阀3开启，空调***直接冷却电池小循环的冷却液，快速降低电池冷却液温度，使电池温度迅速降低，达到安全和高效温度区。
本发明所采取的一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***及控制方法通过以下步骤实现技术效果：首先，检测动力电池的温度，判断是否开启热管理功能，当温度达标时，启动动力电池热管理功能，当温度不达标时，暂不启动动力电池热管理功能，然后处于冬季模式时：启动前，电磁阀3打开，其它阀关闭，通过电子水泵2实现小循环，PTC给小循环水路加热，使得电池快速达到正常工作温度；启动时，电机和控制器水路温度升高，PTC加热器停止工作，电池比例阀1和电磁比例阀2开启，两个水路均不通过散热器，避免能量损失，通过电池本体发热量、电机和电控的热量维持电池的正常工作；当工作温度高于电池高效区的工作温度时，电磁比例阀1和2调整开度大小，根据监测温度，调整开度比例，一部分冷却液经过散热散热再回到电池，一部分通过比例阀直接回到电池；当电池温度需要散热时，电磁比例阀1处的冷却液直接通过电池的散热器，电磁比例阀2的冷却液直接通过电机和电控的散热器；最后处于夏季冷却模式时：启动时，电池温度在高效工作区，电池，电机和控制器单独散热，电池冷却液经过电池散热器单独散热，电机和控制器冷却液单独经过其散热器单独散热；当电池工作温度较高时，空调冷却管路阀2开启，小循环阀3开启，空调***直接冷却电池小循环的冷却液，快速降低电池冷却液温度，使电池温度迅速降低，达到安全和高效温度区，可以利用空调和PTC，结合电池阀和比例阀等，实现小循环的工作，迅速冷却或者加热电池温度，使得工作在高效工作区，还可以利用电控和电机的温度，减少能量损失和提高续航里程，通过电磁阀和比例阀，使得冷却液管路实现耦合或者单独工作等多种工作模式。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (6)

1.一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***，其特征在于，包括：动力电池、温度计、电池散热器、三通比例阀1、三通比例阀2、冷凝器、空压机、电磁阀1、电磁阀2、电磁阀3、电磁阀4、电机散热器、膨胀水箱、电机、控制器、水泵1、水泵2、暖通空调HVAC、电池冷却器Chiller。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***，其特征在于：所述冷凝器与空压机连接，所述空压机通过电磁阀2与电池冷却器Chiller连接，所述空压机通过电磁阀1与暖通空调HVAC连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种纯电动车的热管理方案的***，其特征在于：所述电池散热器通过电磁阀3与电池冷却器Chiller连接，所述电机散热器与膨胀水箱连接，所述控制器与水泵1连接。
4.一种纯电动车的热管理方案的控制方法，包括检测动力电池的温度，判断是否开启热管理功能、检测温度达标时，启动动力电池热管理功能、检测温度不达标时，暂不启动动力电池热管理功能，其特征在于：所述一种纯电动车的热管理方案的控制方法包括冬季模式与夏季冷却模式。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种纯电动车的热管理方案的控制方法，其特征在于：所述冬季模式包括以下几个步骤：
步骤1，启动前，电磁阀3打开，其它阀关闭，通过电子水泵2实现小循环，PTC给小循环水路加热，使得电池快速达到正常工作温度；
步骤2，启动时，电机和控制器水路温度升高，PTC加热器停止工作，电池比例阀1和电磁比例阀2开启，两个水路均不通过散热器，避免能量损失，通过电池本体发热量、电机和电控的热量维持电池的正常工作；
步骤3，当工作温度高于电池高效区的工作温度时，电磁比例阀1和2调整开度大小，根据监测温度，调整开度比例，一部分冷却液经过散热散热再回到电池，一部分通过比例阀直接回到电池；
步骤4，当电池温度需要散热时，电磁比例阀1处的冷却液直接通过电池的散热器，电磁比例阀2的冷却液直接通过电机和电控的散热器。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种纯电动车的热管理方案的控制方法，其特征在于：所述夏季冷却模式包括以下几个步骤：
步骤1，启动时，电池温度在高效工作区，电池，电机和控制器单独散热，电池冷却液经过电池散热器单独散热，电机和控制器冷却液单独经过其散热器单独散热；
步骤2，当电池工作温度较高时，空调冷却管路阀2开启，小循环阀3开启，空调***直接冷却电池小循环的冷却液，快速降低电池冷却液温度，使电池温度迅速降低，达到安全和高效温度区。
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