CN113144620A

CN113144620A - Detection method, device, platform, readable medium and equipment for frame synchronization game

Info

Publication number: CN113144620A
Application number: CN202110553966.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵新宇; 林成亮
Original assignee: Beijing ByteDance Network Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing ByteDance Network Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-20
Filing date: 2021-05-20
Publication date: 2021-07-23

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method, an apparatus, a platform, a readable medium and a device for detecting a frame synchronization game, and relates to the technical field of electronic information processing, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and respectively acquiring execution result information generated by executing operation in the target game pair by a plurality of game clients. If the execution result information of the plurality of game clients is different, the game is judged to be asynchronous, and the initial frame range is determined. And controlling the playback device to acquire an operation record of the operation executed by the game client, and controlling the playback device to play back the operation in the initial frame range. The method comprises the steps of obtaining playback result information sent by playback equipment, wherein the playback result information is result information generated by operation of the playback equipment in the initial frame range, and determining asynchronous target frames generated in the initial frame range according to the playback result information. The game detection system and the game detection method can realize automation of a game detection process and improve efficiency and accuracy of game detection.

Description

Detection method, device, platform, readable medium and equipment for frame synchronization game

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of electronic information processing technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a platform, a readable medium, and a device for detecting a frame synchronization game.

Background

With the continuous development of electronic information technology, various game-like applications are appearing in the application market. Since a plurality of users are online at the same time in the game, it is necessary to ensure that the game keeps synchronized on the respective clients of each user, and it can be understood that any operation triggered by any user on a client needs to be synchronized to the clients of other users, so that each user experiences the same game content at the same time. Generally, the synchronization of the game can be ensured by a frame synchronization mode, the game is divided into a plurality of frames, the game server broadcasts to all the clients only after the operations triggered by all the users on the clients in each frame are collected, the operations triggered by all the users are processed by each client, and the input of the same frame is the same for each client, so that the synchronization of the game can be ensured.

However, due to different computing processing capabilities (e.g., precision) of the clients, different random seeds, and the like, the problem that the game is not synchronized at the clients may occur. When testing a game, a technician needs to manually obtain logs, snapshots, fight information and the like generated in the game process after a game is finished, and compare the logs, the snapshots, the fight information and the like to determine whether the game is asynchronous. Then, the unsynchronized frames are positioned by adding a log for auxiliary positioning and repeating the game process. A great deal of manpower and time are consumed, and the testing efficiency and accuracy are low.

Disclosure of Invention

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for detecting a frame synchronization game, the method comprising:

respectively acquiring execution result information generated by executing operation in a target game pair by a plurality of game clients;

if the execution result information of the game clients is different, judging that the games are asynchronous, and determining an initial frame range;

controlling playback equipment to obtain operation records of the game client for executing the operations, and controlling the playback equipment to play back the operations in the initial frame range;

obtaining playback result information sent by the playback equipment, wherein the playback result information is result information generated by the playback equipment playing back the operation in the initial frame range;

and determining that the asynchronous target frame is generated in the initial frame range according to the playback result information.

In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a detection apparatus for a frame synchronization game, the apparatus comprising:

the first acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring execution result information generated by executing operation of a plurality of game clients in the target game;

the determining module is used for judging that the games are asynchronous and determining an initial frame range if the execution result information of the game clients is different;

the control module is used for controlling playback equipment to acquire the operation record of the game client for executing the operation and controlling the playback equipment to play back the operation in the initial frame range;

a second obtaining module, configured to obtain playback result information sent by the playback device, where the playback result information is result information generated by the playback device playing back an operation in the initial frame range;

and the detection module is used for determining that the asynchronous target frame is generated in the initial frame range according to the playback result information.

In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides an inspection platform for implementing the steps of the method of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processing apparatus, performs the steps of the method of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

In a fifth aspect, the present disclosure provides an electronic device comprising:

a storage device having a computer program stored thereon;

processing means for executing the computer program in the storage means to implement the steps of the method of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining execution result information generated by a plurality of game clients executing operations in a target game, judging that the game is asynchronous if the execution result information of the plurality of game clients is different, and determining an initial frame range. And then, controlling the playback equipment to acquire operation records of the game client executing operations, playing back the operations in the initial frame range, and acquiring playback result information generated by the playback equipment playing back the operations in the initial frame range, thereby determining that asynchronous target frames are generated in the initial frame range according to the corresponding playback result information. The method comprises the steps of judging whether games are asynchronous or not by acquiring execution result information of a client, determining an initial frame range, and playing back operation in the initial frame range by using playback equipment, so that a target frame in the initial frame range is determined according to the playback result information. The automation of the game detection process can be realized, and the efficiency and the accuracy of game detection are improved.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The above and other features, advantages and aspects of various embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numbers refer to the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic and that elements and features are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of detection of a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating another method of detecting a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating another method of detecting a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a detection system for a frame synchronization game shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating another method of detecting a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating another method of detecting a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a detection apparatus for a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating another detection device for a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating another detection device for a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating another detection device for a frame synchronization game in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device in accordance with an example embodiment.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather are provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the disclosure are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.

It should be understood that the various steps recited in the method embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in a different order, and/or performed in parallel. Moreover, method embodiments may include additional steps and/or omit performing the illustrated steps. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this respect.

The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein are open-ended, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is "based, at least in part, on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Relevant definitions for other terms will be given in the following description.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the present disclosure are only used for distinguishing different devices, modules or units, and are not used for limiting the order or interdependence relationship of the functions performed by the devices, modules or units.

It is noted that references to "a", "an", and "the" modifications in this disclosure are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and that those skilled in the art will recognize that "one or more" may be used unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The names of messages or information exchanged between devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure are for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the messages or information.

Before introducing the frame synchronization game detection method, device, platform, readable medium, and apparatus provided by the present disclosure, an application scenario related to various embodiments of the present disclosure is first introduced. The application scenario may include: the system comprises a game client provided with a game application program, a game server providing services for the game application program, a playback equipment group and a detection platform for detecting the frame synchronization game. The synchronization mode of the game application program is frame synchronization, and the game client installed with the game application program can participate in a target game play (which can be understood as one-play battle, one-play task, or the like), that is, a plurality of game clients can participate in the target game play. The target game play pair can comprise a plurality of frames, the operation triggered by each game client in each frame is sent to the game server, the game server sends the operation triggered by all the game clients in each frame to each game client after collecting the operation triggered by all the game clients in each frame, and each game client processes and displays corresponding game content (such as pictures, sounds and the like), and simultaneously generates execution result information. The game server may record the actions triggered by each game client within each frame of the game, i.e., the action records mentioned later (which may be understood as game video).

The playback device group may include a plurality of playback devices, and the playback devices may be of server types or terminal types. The terminal devices include, but are not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablet computers), PMPs (portable multimedia players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., car navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, and the like. The detection platform may be understood as an execution agent in embodiments of the present disclosure, including one or more servers, capable of data communication with a game client, a game server, and a playback device group. The above servers include but are not limited to: an entity server, a server cluster or a cloud server.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of detecting a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the method including the steps of:

step 101, obtaining the execution result information generated by the operation executed by the plurality of game clients in the target game play.

For example, the detection platform may obtain, after the target game play is finished, execution result information sent by each game client in the plurality of game clients participating in the target game play. The execution result information includes information generated by the corresponding game client executing the operation in the target game play, that is, the execution result information includes information generated by the operation triggered by all the game clients in each frame of the target game play. Further, the execution result information sent by each game client may also carry an ID of the game client, so that the detection platform determines the source of the execution result information.

Wherein, the execution result information may include: the game play information generated after the target game play is finished (such as the number of people participating in the game play, the duration of the game play, and the user name of the winning user), the game snapshot (such as the state value of the object of the target game play), the game log (such as the log generated by the function of the target game play), and the like. It is understood that the execution result information includes the match information of the target game play, the game snapshot of each frame in the target game play, and the game log of each frame in the target game play.

And 102, if the execution result information of the plurality of game clients is different, judging that the games are asynchronous, and determining an initial frame range.

For example, the detection platform may compare the execution result information corresponding to each game client in sequence. For example, the detection platform may be provided with a consistency calculation service in advance for comparing execution result information corresponding to different game clients, and further, the detection platform may be provided with a main server and a file server, where the file server is used to store data (for example, the execution result information, playback result information mentioned later, and the like) sent by the game clients and the playback devices, and the main server is used to execute the steps in this embodiment. Generally, limited by the storage resources and processing resources of the game client and the bandwidth of data transmission between the game client and the detection platform, the execution result information sent by the game client to the detection platform often includes only part of key information, such as a state value of a specified object (e.g., the number of people participating in the battle, the character level, the character blood volume, etc.). And the game client compresses the game snapshots and the game logs of a plurality of continuous frames, so that the storage resource and the processing resource of the game client are saved, and meanwhile, the bandwidth occupied by transmitting the execution result information is also saved. For example, when the game client executes the operation record, 10 consecutive frames of game snapshots may be compressed into a game snapshot file, or 20 consecutive frames of game logs may be compressed into a game log file.

Therefore, when the consistency calculation service is called to compare the execution result information, the main server may compare the value of each object in the match information or directly compare the complete match information with respect to the match information in the execution result information. For the game snapshot, the MD5 (english: MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm, chinese: information summarization Algorithm) value of each game snapshot file may be compared, and all objects in each game snapshot file may also be compared. For the game log, the MD5 value of each game log file may be compared, or all objects in each game log file may be compared.

The consistency calculation service compares the execution result information corresponding to the plurality of game clients, and if the execution result information corresponding to the plurality of game clients is the same, that is, the game content displayed on each game client is the same, it can be determined that the games are synchronous. If the execution result information corresponding to the plurality of game clients is different, that is, the execution result information corresponding to at least one game client is different from the execution result information corresponding to other game clients, it may be determined that the games are not synchronized. In the case where it is determined that the game is not synchronized, an initial frame range may be determined first, and the initial frame range may be understood as an approximate range where the target game is out of synchronization with the game. In one implementation, the initial frame range may be determined according to the execution result information corresponding to the plurality of game clients. In another implementation, the tester may also directly issue a frame range instruction including the initial frame range, and determine the initial frame range by analyzing the frame range instruction.

For example, the target game play comprises a total of 300 frames, and A, B, C participating in the target game play comprise a total of 3 game clients. The execution result information corresponding to each game client includes 6 game snapshot files corresponding to the 1 st to 50 th frames, the 51 st to 100 th frames, the 101 st and 150 th frames, the 151 th and 200 th frames, the 201 th and 250 th frames and the 251 th and 300 th frames in the target game play. If the MD5 values of the game snapshot files corresponding to the 1 st to 50 th frames, the 51 st to 100 th frames, the 151 th and 200 th frames, the 201 th and 250 th frames, and the 251 th and 300 th frames in the execution result information corresponding to the 3 game clients are all the same, and the MD5 value of the game snapshot file corresponding to the 101 st and 150 th frames of the a game client is different from the MD5 value of the game snapshot files corresponding to the 101 st and 150 th frames of the B game client and the C game client, the 101 st and 150 th frames can be used as the initial frame range.

And 103, controlling the playback device to acquire operation records of the game client executing operations, and controlling the playback device to play back the operations in the initial frame range.

And 104, acquiring playback result information sent by the playback device, wherein the playback result information is result information generated by the operation of the playback device in the initial frame range.

For example, in the case that it is determined that the game is not synchronized, the detection platform may control the playback device to obtain an operation record, where the operation record includes operations performed by each game client, and the playback device may be one or more. For example, the detection platform may send the operation record to the playback device, the detection platform may also control the playback device to obtain the operation record from a game server, a storage service may be provided in the game server for storing the operation record, and the playback device may obtain the operation record through the storage service. The detection platform may then control the operation of the playback device within the initial frame of the playback operation record. Taking the initial frame range of 101-150 frames as an example, the detection platform may control the operation within the 101-150 frames in the playback operation record of each playback device.

Accordingly, the detection platform can acquire playback result information generated by operation within the initial frame range in the playback operation record of the playback device. Since the playback apparatus plays back only the operation within the initial frame range, the amount of information contained in the playback result information generated accordingly is greatly reduced compared to the execution result information. Moreover, because the storage resources and the processing resources of the playback device can be set according to actual requirements, the playback result information can include the game snapshot of each frame in the initial frame range and the game log of each frame in the initial frame range, and the game snapshot and the game log do not need to be compressed.

It should be noted that, the operation in the initial frame range in the playback operation record of the playback device only needs to execute the corresponding logic of the target game play according to the operation in the initial frame range, and the content (such as pictures and sounds) of the target game play does not need to be rendered or processed, so that the playback time of the playback device is greatly shortened compared with the operation in the initial frame range in the operation record executed by the game client. For example, 200 frames are included in the initial frame range, 5 minutes may be required for the game client to perform an operation in the initial frame range, and only several tens of seconds are required for the playback device to play back an operation in the initial frame range. Therefore, the playback device can quickly obtain the playback result information, and the detection efficiency is fully improved.

And 105, determining that the asynchronous target frame is generated in the initial frame range according to the playback result information.

For example, after obtaining the playback result information, the detection platform may determine to generate the unsynchronized target frames according to the playback result information. In a scenario where the playback device is one, the playback result information may be compared with the execution result information, thereby determining the target frame. In a scenario where the playback devices are multiple, the playback result information corresponding to each playback device may be compared in sequence. Similarly, the consistency calculation service on the detection platform can be used for comparing the playback result information corresponding to different playback devices. When comparing the playback result information, the consistency calculation service may compare the MD5 value of each frame of game snapshot with respect to the game snapshots in the playback result information, may compare all objects in each frame of game snapshot, and may compare stack information included in each frame of game snapshot. For the game log, the MD5 value of each frame of the game log may be compared, or all objects in each frame of the game log file may be compared. The consistency calculation service compares the playback result information corresponding to the plurality of playback devices, and if the game snapshot or the game log of a frame in the playback result information corresponding to a certain playback device is different from the game snapshots or the game logs of the frame in the playback result information corresponding to other playback devices, the frame can be directly used as the target frame. After the consistency calculation service completes the comparison of the playback result information corresponding to every two playback devices, the target frame may be screened out from the frames, obtained by each comparison, in which the corresponding game snapshots or game logs are different, for example, the frame with the most advanced time sequence and different corresponding game snapshots or game logs may be used as the target frame. Therefore, the asynchronous initial frame range can be determined by executing the result information, and then the operation in the initial frame range is played back by the playback equipment, so that the asynchronous target frame is determined to be generated specifically according to the playback result information, and the target frame can be positioned without adding logs manually by technicians. The automation of the game detection process can be realized, and the efficiency and the accuracy of game detection are improved.

In summary, the present disclosure first obtains execution result information generated by a plurality of game clients executing operations in a target game session, determines that the game is not synchronous if the execution result information of the plurality of game clients is different, and determines an initial frame range. And then, controlling the playback equipment to acquire operation records of the game client executing operations, playing back the operations in the initial frame range, and acquiring playback result information generated by the playback equipment playing back the operations in the initial frame range, thereby determining that asynchronous target frames are generated in the initial frame range according to the corresponding playback result information. The method comprises the steps of judging whether games are asynchronous or not by acquiring execution result information of a client, determining an initial frame range, and playing back operation in the initial frame range by using playback equipment, so that a target frame in the initial frame range is determined according to the playback result information. The automation of the game detection process can be realized, and the efficiency and the accuracy of game detection are improved.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating another method for detecting a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, where, as shown in fig. 2, the execution result information includes execution results corresponding to a plurality of frame sets, each frame set corresponds to the execution result generated by a corresponding client executing an operation in the frame set in the target game play pair, and each frame set includes at least one frame. Accordingly, the implementation of step 102 may include:

step 1021, if the execution result information of any two game clients is different, it is determined that the games are not synchronous.

Step 1022, comparing the execution results corresponding to each frame set included in the execution result information of the two game clients in sequence, so as to use the frame sets with different execution results as the initial frame range.

For example, because the storage resources, processing resources, and bandwidth of data transmission between the game client and the detection platform of the game client are limited, the game client may divide all frames in the target game into a plurality of frame sets, where the number of frame sets is less than the number of all frames of the game. Each frame set comprises at least one frame, and the execution result corresponding to the frame set is generated according to the operation in each frame set. And finally, sending the execution result corresponding to each frame set as execution result information to the detection platform, wherein the execution result information comprises a plurality of execution results. For example, the game includes 500 frames, which may be divided into 10 frame sets, each frame set includes 50 frames, and then the execution result information sent by any game client includes the execution results corresponding to the 10 frame sets.

Correspondingly, when the detection platform compares the execution result information corresponding to each game client in sequence, the execution result information corresponding to any two game clients can be compared first. Taking any two game clients as a first client and a second client for example, comparing first execution result information corresponding to the first client with second execution result information corresponding to the second client. If the first execution result information and the second execution result information are not identical, it may be determined that the game is not synchronized. It can be understood that the detection platform directly compares MD5 values corresponding to the first execution result information and the second execution result information, without comparing each execution result in the first execution result information and the second execution result information, and can quickly determine whether the game is synchronous. The detection platform may also arbitrarily select one game client as a comparison reference among the plurality of game clients, and then sequentially compare the execution result information corresponding to the other game clients with the execution result information corresponding to the game client, and if there is a game client whose execution result information is different from that corresponding to the game client, determine that the game is asynchronous.

Under the condition that the game is determined to be asynchronous, the detection platform can sequentially compare each execution result included in the first execution result information and the second execution result information, and if the execution results corresponding to a certain frame set are different, the frame set can be used as an initial frame range. If the execution results corresponding to the plurality of frame sets are different in the first execution result information and the second execution result information, the frame set with the most advanced time sequence may be used as the initial frame range, or all the frame sets with different corresponding execution results may be used as the initial frame range.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating another detection method for a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, where as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of playback devices may be provided, and accordingly, step 103 may include:

and step 1031, controlling each playback device to acquire operation records from a recording server, the recording server being configured to receive the operation records transmitted by the game server, each game client being configured to transmit the operations in each frame to the game server, and the game server being configured to provide services for the game.

Step 1032, configuring each playback device according to a preset configuration, and controlling the configured playback device to play back the operation within the initial frame range, where the preset configuration includes: one or more of device type, system type, playback times, playback speed.

For example, in a scenario where the number of playback devices is multiple, if it is determined that the game is not synchronized, the detection platform may control each playback device to obtain the operation record from the recording server. The recording server receives the operation records sent by the game server after the game of the target game is played, and correspondingly, the operation records stored on the game server are sent by the plurality of game clients. It can be understood that the game client, the game server, the recording server, the playback device and the detection platform together form a detection system, as shown in fig. 4, the operation of each game client in each frame of the target game play is sent to the game server, and after the target game play is finished, the game server sends the operation record to the recording server again for the playback device to obtain. And each game client sends the execution result information to the detection platform after the target game is played. Furthermore, each playback device also sends the generated playback result information to the detection platform after the playback is finished.

After that, each playback device may be configured according to a preset configuration, and after the configuration is validated, the operation in each frame included in the initial frame range in the playback operation record of the configured playback device is controlled, so that each playback device generates playback result information. Wherein the preset configuration may include: one or more of device type, system type, playback times, playback speed. The device type may be: for example, a server, a desktop computer, a mobile phone, a PAD, etc. may be preset with a plurality of playback devices, and if the device types in the preset configuration are 2 mobile phones and 1 PAD, then 3 playback devices may be selected, where 2 playback devices are of mobile phone type and 1 playback device is of PAD type. The system type may be: windows system, Linux system, Android system, iOS system, Mac OS system, and the like. The number of times of playback may be understood as an operation of controlling the playback device to play back within the initial frame range in accordance with the number of times of playback, and may be set to, for example, 1 time, 2 times, or the like. The playback speed may be understood as controlling how fast the playback device plays back the operation within the initial frame range, and may be set to, for example, 0.5 times, 2 times, 4 times, or the like. Through the preset configuration, each playback device can be flexibly configured according to specific requirements, so that more detection scenes are covered, and the game detection efficiency and accuracy are further improved.

In one application scenario, the playback result information includes a playback result for each frame in the initial frame range, and the playback result for each frame is result information generated by an operation of the playback device playing back the frame. The playback result of each frame may include a snapshot of the game (e.g., a state value of an object of the game, etc.) and a game log (e.g., a log generated by a function of the game) generated after the playback device plays back the operation within the frame.

Accordingly, the implementation manner of step 105 may be:

and sequentially comparing each playback result included in the playback result information of any two pieces of playback equipment, and determining the target frame according to the frames with different playback results.

For example, the detection platform may compare each playback result in the playback result information corresponding to any two playback devices in sequence. Taking any two playback devices as the first playback device and the second playback device for example, each playback result in the first playback result information corresponding to the first playback device is compared with each playback result in the second playback result information corresponding to the second playback device. If the playback results corresponding to a certain frame are different, the frame can be used as a target frame. If the playback results corresponding to the frames in the first playback result information and the second playback result information are different, the frame with the earliest time sequence may be used as the target frame, or all the frames with different playback results may be used as the target frame.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating another detection method of a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, where the playback result of each frame includes state values of all objects of the target game play, as shown in fig. 5, and accordingly, step 105 may include the following steps:

step 1051, comparing the state values of the target objects included in the playback result information of the two playback devices in sequence, and taking the frame with the different state value of the first target object as the initial target frame, wherein the target object is the designated object in all the objects of the target game match.

For example, in an implementation manner of comparing playback result information corresponding to any two playback devices, state values of target objects included in the playback result information of the two playback devices may be sequentially compared, for example, the state value of the target object included in each playback result included in the first playback result information and the state value of the target object included in each playback result included in the second playback result information corresponding to the second playback device are compared. The target object may be an object specified from all objects of the game play, and the target object may be an object that can reflect key information of the game play, such as a character level, a character blood volume, and an attack rate. Thereafter, a frame in which the state values of the target objects included in the first (i.e., the top time sequence) corresponding playback result are different may be used as the initial target frame. An initial target frame may be understood as an initial position that is out of sync with the game screened out of the target object. Compared with the method that the state values of all the objects included in each playback result included in the first playback result information and the state values of all the objects included in each playback result included in the second playback result information corresponding to the second playback device are directly compared, the amount of processed information is greatly reduced, and the unsynchronized initial position of the game can be quickly positioned.

Step 1052, determining a target frame range according to the initial target frame, where a distance between a frame included in the target frame range and the initial target frame satisfies a preset distance threshold.

And 1053, comparing the playback results in the target frame range in the playback result information of the two playback devices in sequence, so as to take the frame with the different first playback results in the target frame range as the target frame.

For example, after determining the initial target frame, the target frame range may be determined according to a preset distance threshold. The preset distance threshold may be, for example, 2 frames, that is, the target frame range includes 5 frames: an initial target frame, 2 frames before the initial target frame, and 2 frames after the initial target frame. Further, the playback results in the target frame ranges in the playback result information of the two playback devices are sequentially compared, for example, the playback result corresponding to each frame included in the target frame range included in the first playback result information is compared with the playback result corresponding to each frame included in the target frame range included in the second playback result information, that is, the comparison at this time is the state values of all objects corresponding to each frame included in the target frame range, so that a frame with a different first corresponding playback result in the target frame range can be determined as a target frame for which the game generates asynchronization.

Fig. 6 is a flow chart illustrating another method for detecting a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, and as shown in fig. 6, after step 105, the method may further include:

and step 106, determining an asynchronous target function generated in the target frame according to the playback result corresponding to the target frame included in the playback result information.

For example, after the target frame is determined, it may be further determined to generate an unsynchronized target function according to a playback result corresponding to the target frame corresponding to each playback device. Specifically, the playback result of each frame may include a log of all functions of the target game pair. It is understood that the playback result corresponding to the target frame corresponding to each playback device includes a game log generated after the playback device plays back the operation in the target frame, and the game log may include a plurality of log files, each log file corresponding to a log generated by a function of the game.

Accordingly, the implementation manner of step 106 may be:

and sequentially comparing the playback results of the target frames included in the playback result information of each playback device to take the functions with different corresponding logs as target functions.

For example, logs of all functions included in the playback results corresponding to the target frames corresponding to the plurality of playback devices may be sequentially compared, so that a function whose corresponding logs are different is used as the target function. If the log of a certain function included in the playback result corresponding to the target frame corresponding to a certain playback device is different from the log of the function included in the playback result corresponding to the target frame corresponding to another playback device, the function may be used as the target function.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a detection apparatus of a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, and as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus 200 includes:

the first obtaining module 201 is configured to obtain execution result information generated by executing operations of multiple game clients in a target game pair.

The determining module 202 is configured to determine that the game is asynchronous and determine an initial frame range if the execution result information of the multiple game clients is different.

And the control module 203 is used for controlling the playback device to acquire operation records of the game client executing operations and controlling the playback device to play back the operations in the initial frame range.

The second obtaining module 204 is configured to obtain playback result information sent by the playback device, where the playback result information is result information generated by the playback device playing back an operation within the initial frame range.

The detecting module 205 is configured to determine that an unsynchronized target frame is generated within an initial frame range according to the playback result information.

Fig. 8 is a block diagram illustrating another detection apparatus for a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, where, as shown in fig. 8, the execution result information includes execution results of a plurality of frame sets, each of the frame sets is result information generated by a corresponding game client executing an operation in the frame set in a target game play pair, and each of the frame sets includes at least one continuous frame. Accordingly, the determining module 202 may include:

the first determining sub-module 2021 is configured to determine that the game is asynchronous if the execution result information of any two game clients is different.

The second determining sub-module 2022 is configured to sequentially compare the execution results of each frame set included in the execution result information of the two game clients, so as to use the frame sets with different execution results as the initial frame range.

Fig. 9 is a block diagram illustrating another detection apparatus of a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, where, as shown in fig. 9, a plurality of playback devices are provided, and the control module 203 may include:

a control acquisition sub-module 2031 for controlling each playback device to acquire an operation record from a recording server for receiving the operation record transmitted by the game server, and each game client for transmitting the operation within each frame to the game server.

The control playback sub-module 2032 is configured to configure each playback device according to a preset configuration, and control operations of the configured playback device within the initial frame range, where the preset configuration includes: one or more of device type, system type, playback times, playback speed.

In one application scenario, the playback result information includes a playback result for each frame in the initial frame range, and the playback result for each frame is result information generated by an operation of the playback device playing back the frame. Accordingly, the detection module 205 may be configured to:

Fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating another detection apparatus of a frame synchronization game according to an exemplary embodiment, where the target game plays game play with respect to all the object state values as shown in fig. 10. The detection module 205 may include:

the first comparison submodule 2051 is configured to sequentially compare the state values of the target objects included in the playback result information of the two playback devices, so as to use a frame with a different state value of a first target object as an initial target frame, where the target object is an object specified in all objects of the target game match.

And a third determining sub-module 2052, configured to determine a target frame range according to the initial target frame, where a distance between a frame included in the target frame range and the initial target frame meets a preset distance threshold.

The second comparison submodule 2053 is configured to sequentially compare the playback results within the target frame range in the playback result information of the two playback devices, so as to use a frame with a different first playback result within the target frame range as a target frame.

In another application scenario, the detection module 205 is further configured to:

after the asynchronous target frame generated in the initial frame range is determined according to the playback result information, the asynchronous target function generated in the target frame is determined according to the playback result of the target frame included in the playback result information.

In yet another application scenario, the playback result of each frame includes a log of all functions of the target game play. Accordingly, the detection module 205 is configured to:

and sequentially comparing the playback results of the target frames included in the playback result information of each playback device to take the function with different logs as a target function.

With regard to the apparatus in the above-described embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

The present disclosure also provides a detection platform, such as the detection platform in fig. 4, where the detection platform is used to implement the detection method of the frame synchronization game in the foregoing embodiment.

In one application scenario, the detection platform may be further configured to receive a frame range instruction, where the frame range instruction includes an initial frame range. The frame range instruction may be sent by a tester to the detection platform, and the detection platform may analyze the frame range instruction to obtain an initial frame range, and then execute the

above step

103 and 105 according to the determined initial frame range.

In another application scenario, the detection platform may be further configured to receive a configuration instruction, where the configuration instruction includes a preset configuration, and the preset configuration includes: one or more of device type, system type, playback times, playback speed.

The detection platform is further configured to:

and configuring the playback equipment according to the preset configuration. And then controlling the configured playback device to play back the operation within the initial frame range.

For example, the configuration instruction may be sent by a tester to the detection platform, and the detection platform may analyze the configuration instruction to obtain a preset configuration, and then execute the step 1032 according to the preset configuration.

With regard to the detection platform in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which the detection method of the frame synchronization game is implemented has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

Referring now to FIG. 11, a schematic diagram of an electronic device (e.g., the game client, game server, recording server, playback device, and detection platform of FIG. 4) 300 suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The terminal device in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include, but is not limited to, a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a digital broadcast receiver, a PDA (personal digital assistant), a PAD (tablet computer), a PMP (portable multimedia player), a vehicle terminal (e.g., a car navigation terminal), and the like, and a stationary terminal such as a digital TV, a desktop computer, and the like. The electronic device shown in fig. 11 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 11, the electronic device 300 may include a processing means (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.) 301 that may perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)302 or a program loaded from a storage means 308 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 303. In the RAM 303, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic apparatus 300 are also stored. The processing device 301, the ROM 302, and the RAM 303 are connected to each other via a bus 304. An input/output (I/O) interface 305 is also connected to bus 304.

Generally, the following devices may be connected to the I/O interface 305: input devices 306 including, for example, a touch screen, touch pad, keyboard, mouse, camera, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.; an output device 307 including, for example, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, and the like; storage devices 308 including, for example, magnetic tape, hard disk, etc.; and a communication device 309. The communication means 309 may allow the electronic device 300 to communicate wirelessly or by wire with other devices to exchange data. While fig. 11 illustrates an electronic device 300 having various means, it is to be understood that not all illustrated means are required to be implemented or provided. More or fewer devices may alternatively be implemented or provided.

In particular, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts may be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the method illustrated by the flow chart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network through the communication means 309, or installed from the storage means 308, or installed from the ROM 302. The computer program, when executed by the processing device 301, performs the above-described functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the computer readable medium in the present disclosure can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium or any combination of the two. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In contrast, in the present disclosure, a computer readable signal medium may comprise a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, either in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: electrical wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

In some embodiments, the clients, servers may communicate using any currently known or future developed network Protocol, such as HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), and may interconnect with any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communications network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network ("LAN"), a wide area network ("WAN"), the Internet (e.g., the Internet), and peer-to-peer networks (e.g., ad hoc peer-to-peer networks), as well as any currently known or future developed network.

The computer readable medium may be embodied in the electronic device; or may exist separately without being assembled into the electronic device.

The computer readable medium carries one or more programs which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to: respectively acquiring execution result information generated by executing operation in a target game pair by a plurality of game clients; if the execution result information of the game clients is different, judging that the games are asynchronous, and determining an initial frame range; controlling playback equipment to obtain operation records of the game client for executing the operations, and controlling the playback equipment to play back the operations in the initial frame range; obtaining playback result information sent by the playback equipment, wherein the playback result information is result information generated by the playback equipment playing back the operation in the initial frame range; and determining that the asynchronous target frame is generated in the initial frame range according to the playback result information.

Computer program code for carrying out operations for the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including but not limited to an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + +, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).

The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.

The modules described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by software or hardware. The name of the module does not in some cases constitute a limitation on the module itself, and for example, the first obtaining module may also be described as a "module that obtains execution result information sent by each client".

The functions described herein above may be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that may be used include: field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), systems on a chip (SOCs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), and the like.

In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

Example 1 provides a detection method of a frame synchronization game, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, including: respectively acquiring execution result information generated by executing operation in a target game pair by a plurality of game clients; if the execution result information of the game clients is different, judging that the games are asynchronous, and determining an initial frame range; controlling playback equipment to obtain operation records of the game client for executing the operations, and controlling the playback equipment to play back the operations in the initial frame range; obtaining playback result information sent by the playback equipment, wherein the playback result information is result information generated by the playback equipment playing back the operation in the initial frame range; and determining that the asynchronous target frame is generated in the initial frame range according to the playback result information.

Example 2 provides the method of example 1, the execution result information including execution results of a plurality of frame sets, the execution result of each frame set being result information resulting from the corresponding game client performing an operation within the frame set in the target game play, each frame set including at least one frame in succession; if the execution result information of the plurality of game clients is different, the game is judged to be asynchronous, and an initial frame range is determined, wherein the method comprises the following steps: if the execution result information of any two game clients is different, determining that the games are asynchronous; comparing the execution results of each frame set included in the execution result information of the two game clients in sequence to take the frame sets with different execution results as the initial frame range.

Example 3 provides the method of example 1, wherein the plurality of playback devices are provided, and the controlling playback device acquires an operation record of the game client performing the operation, and controls the playback device to play back the operation within the initial frame range, and includes: controlling each playback device to obtain the operation record from a recording server, the recording server being configured to receive the operation record sent by a game server, each game client being configured to send an operation within each frame to the game server; configuring each playback device according to a preset configuration, and controlling the configured playback device to play back the operation in the initial frame range, where the preset configuration includes: one or more of device type, system type, playback times, playback speed.

Example 4 provides the method of example 3, the playback result information including a playback result for each frame within the initial frame range, the playback result for each frame being result information resulting from an operation of the playback device to play back the frame, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; the determining, according to the playback result information, the target frame that is not synchronized in the initial frame range includes: and sequentially comparing each playback result included in the playback result information of any two pieces of playback equipment, and determining the target frame according to frames with different playback results.

Example 5 provides the method of example 4, the playback result of each frame including state values of all objects of the target game play, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; the sequentially comparing each playback result included in the playback result information of any two playback devices, and determining the target frame according to frames with different playback results includes: sequentially comparing the state values of the target objects included in the playback result information of the two playback devices to take a frame with a different state value of the first target object as an initial target frame, wherein the target object is a designated object in all objects of the target game; determining a target frame range according to the initial target frame, wherein the distance between a frame included in the target frame range and the initial target frame meets a preset distance threshold; and sequentially comparing the playback results in the target frame range in the playback result information of the two playback devices to take the frame with different first playback results in the target frame range as the target frame.

Example 6 provides the method of example 4, after determining, from the playback result information, that an unsynchronized target frame is generated within the initial frame range, the method further including: and determining an asynchronous target function generated in the target frame according to the playback result of the target frame included in the playback result information.

Example 7 provides the method of example 6, the playback result for each frame including a log of all functions of the target game play, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; the determining, according to the playback result of the target frame included in the playback result information, an objective function that is not synchronized in the target frame includes: and sequentially comparing the playback results of the target frames included in the playback result information of each playback device to take the function with different logs as the target function.

Example 8 provides, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a detection apparatus of a frame synchronization game, including: the first acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring execution result information generated by executing operation of a plurality of game clients in the target game; the determining module is used for judging that the games are asynchronous and determining an initial frame range if the execution result information of the game clients is different; the control module is used for controlling playback equipment to acquire the operation record of the game client for executing the operation and controlling the playback equipment to play back the operation in the initial frame range; a second obtaining module, configured to obtain playback result information sent by the playback device, where the playback result information is result information generated by the playback device playing back an operation in the initial frame range; and the detection module is used for determining that the asynchronous target frame is generated in the initial frame range according to the playback result information.

Example 9 provides an inspection platform for implementing the steps of the methods described in examples 1-7, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Example 10 provides the inspection platform of example 9, further to receive a frame range instruction, the frame range instruction comprising the initial frame range, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Example 11 provides the inspection platform of example 9 or 11, further configured to receive configuration instructions, the configuration instructions including preset configurations, the preset configurations including: one or more of device type, system type, playback number, playback speed; the detection platform is further configured to: configuring the playback equipment according to the preset configuration; controlling the configured playback device to play back the operation within the initial frame range.

Example 12 provides a computer-readable medium on which is stored a computer program that, when executed by a processing device, implements the steps of the methods described in examples 1-7, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Example 13 provides, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device, comprising: a storage device having a computer program stored thereon; processing means for executing the computer program in the storage means to implement the steps of the methods of examples 1-7.

The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the disclosure and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the disclosure herein is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of the features described above or their equivalents does not depart from the spirit of the disclosure. For example, the above features and (but not limited to) the features disclosed in this disclosure having similar functions are replaced with each other to form the technical solution.

Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order. Under certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.

Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims. With regard to the apparatus in the above-described embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A method for detecting a frame-synchronized game, the method comprising:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the execution result information comprises execution results of a plurality of frame sets, each frame set having an execution result that is result information generated by the corresponding game client executing an operation in the target game pair within the frame set, each frame set comprising at least one frame in succession;

if the execution result information of the plurality of game clients is different, the game is judged to be asynchronous, and an initial frame range is determined, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

if the execution result information of any two game clients is different, determining that the games are asynchronous;

comparing the execution results of each frame set included in the execution result information of the two game clients in sequence to take the frame sets with different execution results as the initial frame range.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the playback device is a plurality of playback devices, and wherein the controlling the playback device to obtain the operation record of the game client performing the operation and to control the playback device to play back the operation in the initial frame range comprises:

controlling each playback device to obtain the operation record from a recording server, the recording server being configured to receive the operation record sent by a game server, each game client being configured to send an operation within each frame to the game server;

configuring each playback device according to a preset configuration, and controlling the configured playback device to play back the operation in the initial frame range, where the preset configuration includes: one or more of device type, system type, playback times, playback speed.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the playback result information includes a playback result for each frame in the initial frame range, the playback result for each frame being result information generated by an operation of the playback device to play back the frame;

the determining, according to the playback result information, the target frame that is not synchronized in the initial frame range includes:

and sequentially comparing each playback result included in the playback result information of any two pieces of playback equipment, and determining the target frame according to frames with different playback results.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the playback result of each frame includes state values of all objects of the target game play;

the sequentially comparing each playback result included in the playback result information of any two playback devices, and determining the target frame according to frames with different playback results includes:

sequentially comparing the state values of the target objects included in the playback result information of the two playback devices to take a frame with a different state value of the first target object as an initial target frame, wherein the target object is a designated object in all objects of the target game;

determining a target frame range according to the initial target frame, wherein the distance between a frame included in the target frame range and the initial target frame meets a preset distance threshold;

and sequentially comparing the playback results in the target frame range in the playback result information of the two playback devices to take the frame with different first playback results in the target frame range as the target frame.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein after determining that the unsynchronized target frames are generated within the initial frame range according to the playback result information, the method further comprises:

and determining an asynchronous target function generated in the target frame according to the playback result of the target frame included in the playback result information.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the playback result of each frame comprises a log of all functions of the target game play;

the determining, according to the playback result of the target frame included in the playback result information, an objective function that is not synchronized in the target frame includes:

and sequentially comparing the playback results of the target frames included in the playback result information of each playback device to take the function with different logs as the target function.

8. An apparatus for detecting a frame-synchronized game, the apparatus comprising:

9. An assay platform for carrying out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. The inspection platform of claim 9, wherein the inspection platform is further configured to receive a frame range instruction, the frame range instruction comprising the initial frame range.

11. The testing platform of claim 9 or 10, wherein the testing platform is further configured to receive configuration instructions, the configuration instructions including preset configurations, the preset configurations including: one or more of device type, system type, playback number, playback speed;

the detection platform is further configured to:

configuring the playback equipment according to the preset configuration;

controlling the configured playback device to play back the operation within the initial frame range.

12. A computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when being executed by processing means, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

13. An electronic device, comprising:

a storage device having a computer program stored thereon;

processing means for executing the computer program in the storage means to carry out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.