CN113141105A - Output protection method and device of rectifier module - Google Patents
Output protection method and device of rectifier module Download PDFInfo
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- CN113141105A CN113141105A CN202110450014.3A CN202110450014A CN113141105A CN 113141105 A CN113141105 A CN 113141105A CN 202110450014 A CN202110450014 A CN 202110450014A CN 113141105 A CN113141105 A CN 113141105A
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- output
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- sampling
- bleeder resistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an output protection method and device of a rectification module, wherein the device comprises a filter circuit, an output terminal, a rechargeable battery, a drive circuit, a negative current sampling circuit and a control chip; the method comprises the following steps: step 1, disconnecting a bleeder resistor when power is on for initialization, and calibrating a sampling value corresponding to a negative current threshold I1; step 2, comparing the output current Io sampling value with the sampling value corresponding to I1 at regular time by taking T1 as a period in an interrupt service program or a main program; step 3, continuously judging whether the output current Io for N times meets the condition that Io is less than I1, if so, judging that the reverse blocking diode is short-circuited, sending an instruction, disconnecting the bleeder resistor, and if not, entering the step 4; and 4, under the condition that the current is not negative current, judging whether the condition that the bleeder resistor needs to be closed is met, if so, closing the bleeder resistor for a period of time T2 to ensure that the output voltage is reduced to be below the safe voltage, and if not, disconnecting the bleeder resistor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power, in particular to an output protection method and device of a rectifier module.
Background
As a novel vehicle, the new energy electric automobile has incomparable advantages in the aspects of relieving energy crisis, governing urban air quality and the like, and represents the development direction of future automobiles. In order to solve the problem of anxiety of the driving mileage of the electric automobile, the charging speed of the battery needs to be increased, so that the output power and the current of a charging (rectifying) module of the charging pile are continuously increased, the output voltage is continuously increased, and the highest charging voltage reaches 950V at present. For the output voltage of several hundred volts, in order to ensure safety, the voltage on the output capacitor needs to be quickly discharged after the module is shut down, so that a general charging module has a discharge circuit, and a control chip (such as a DSP, an MCU and the like) of the module sends out a switching signal to control whether the discharge resistor is connected in parallel to the output capacitor for discharging. However, in practical application, the output anti-blocking diode of the module may be short-circuited and failed due to unreasonable control timing sequence of the charging pile or other reasons, so that the battery is directly conducted with the output of the module, and if the bleeder resistor is connected in parallel to the output capacitor by the control switch and forms a closed loop with the battery, the bleeder resistor is overheated and burned out, the module PCB is damaged, and the charging pile may be burned out due to fire of a module terminal if the bleeder resistor is more serious.
For the problem that the short circuit failure of the output reverse blocking diode can cause the burning of the discharge resistor, the existing charging module does not take any protection measures, and the existing charging module adopts protection by detecting the output voltage. The method for protecting by detecting the output voltage can be divided into two types according to whether the battery voltage is sampled or not:
(1) the method detects the output voltage of the module after shutdown, and if the output voltage is still greater than a certain value V1 after a certain time T1, the reverse blocking diode is considered to be in short circuit, and the control chip sends an instruction to disconnect the bleeder resistor. The T1 must be small enough to protect the bleeder resistor from being burned out in time, and the T1 must be longer than the normal voltage discharge fall time to avoid misjudging the reverse blocking diode short circuit when the module is normal, and at the same time, because the battery voltage connected to the charging module may be from more than 100 volts to several hundred volts, the V1 must be smaller than the minimum normal battery voltage value, which makes the T1 longer, because of these contradictory limiting conditions, the T1 and the V1 which satisfy the conditions at the same time cannot be selected, so that the method cannot play a role in protection under some working conditions.
(2) The other method is that the voltage of the battery is sampled, and the method judges whether the reverse blocking diode is short-circuited or not by detecting the voltage difference between the output voltage of the module and the voltage of the battery (namely the voltage Vd of the diode), so as to judge whether the bleeder resistor needs to be disconnected or not. However, the method has the obvious disadvantages of higher cost, more sampling of one path of battery voltage is needed, and on the other hand, because the conduction voltage drop of the diode is relatively small (about 0.7V), the maximum value of the output voltage and the battery voltage can reach more than 1000V, the precision of the existing commonly used 12-bit AD sampler is difficult to meet the control requirement, and the higher-precision AD sampler is needed, which also increases the cost. In addition, the judgment logic of the method is relatively complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for protecting a bleeder circuit by detecting output negative current (reverse filling current) to judge whether a reverse blocking diode is short-circuited and fails.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an output protection device of a rectification module comprises a filter circuit, an output terminal, a rechargeable battery, a drive circuit, a negative current sampling circuit and a control chip;
the filter circuit is connected to the output terminal through an output anti-blocking diode, and the output terminal is connected with the rechargeable battery;
a sampling resistor is also connected between the filter circuit and the output terminal to serve as an output current sampling shunt, and both ends of the sampling resistor are connected with an output current sampling circuit capable of sampling negative current; the control chip controls the switch to be switched on and off through the driving circuit, collects the current on the sampling resistor through the output current sampling circuit and judges whether the output reverse blocking diode is short-circuited or not.
Further, the output current is sampled by an AD converter or a Hall sensor.
Furthermore, the sampling of the negative current by the current sampling circuit is realized by a method of raising the level.
Further, the current value of the lowest cell voltage at the time of reverse charging is taken as the negative current threshold I1.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for output protection by using the aforementioned apparatus is provided, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, disconnecting a bleeder resistor when power is on for initialization, and calibrating a sampling value corresponding to a negative current threshold value I1, wherein the threshold value I1 is a current value of the normal lowest battery voltage in reverse flow;
step 2, comparing the output current Io sampling value with the sampling value corresponding to I1 at regular time by taking T1 as a period in an interrupt service program or a main program;
step 3, continuously judging whether the output current Io satisfies Io < I1 for N times? If yes, judging that the reverse blocking diode is short-circuited, sending an instruction, disconnecting the bleeder resistor, and if not, entering the step 4;
and 4, under the condition that the current is not negative current, judging whether the condition that the bleeder resistor needs to be closed is met, if so, closing the bleeder resistor for a period of time T2 to ensure that the output voltage is reduced to be below the safe voltage, and if not, disconnecting the bleeder resistor.
Further, in step 2, the T1 is in the order of microseconds.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for output protection by using the aforementioned apparatus is provided, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: disconnecting the bleeder resistor when the rectifier module is powered on for initialization, and calibrating an AD sampling value corresponding to a negative current threshold I1;
step 2, executing at regular time with a period T1, and judging whether the output current sampling value meets Io > negative current threshold I1 and meets the condition of closing the bleeder resistor; if both are satisfied, executing step 3; if the two can not be met, executing the step 4;
step 3, the first counter counts and determines whether N1 times are satisfied continuously? If the judgment result is yes, closing the bleeder resistor for a period of time T2 to ensure that the output voltage drops below the safe voltage; skipping to the step 2;
step 4, the second counter counts and determines whether N2 times are satisfied continuously? If the judgment result is yes, the short circuit of the reverse blocking diode is judged, and the bleeder resistor is disconnected.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides an output protection method and device of a rectifier module.A designed output current sampling circuit can sample and output positive and negative currents, judge whether a reverse blocking diode is short-circuited and fails or not by detecting the output negative current (reverse current), and control a switch tube of a bleeder circuit to switch on or off a bleeder resistor, so that the aim of protecting the bleeder circuit is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a circuit block diagram of an output protection device of a rectification module;
FIG. 2: the invention relates to an output protection flow chart of a rectification module;
FIG. 3: a flow chart of an output protection method of a rectifier module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4: the invention also discloses a flow chart of an output protection method of the rectifying module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of an output protection device of a rectifier module, where D1 is an output anti-blocking diode, R1 is a bleeder resistor, S1 is a bleeder circuit switching tube, and R2 is an output current sampling shunt, because the AD input signals of a general control chip are all positive voltage signals, an output current sampling circuit capable of adopting negative current can raise a certain level as a bias voltage (i.e., raise an output current sampling voltage signal), the raising value can be determined by the maximum negative current, and if the sampling voltage signal corresponding to the maximum negative current is-0.5V, the bias voltage can be designed to be 0.5V. Therefore, a certain range of negative current (reverse-flow current) can be sampled, the design is simple and convenient, and the cost is not additionally increased.
According to a first embodiment of the present invention, an output protection method of an output protection device using the above rectifier module is provided, a flow diagram is shown in fig. 2, and the method includes the following steps:
step 1, disconnecting a bleeder resistor when a rectifier module is electrified for initialization, and calibrating an AD sampling value corresponding to a negative current threshold value I1, wherein I1 is the current value of the normal lowest battery voltage in reverse flow;
step 2, comparing the output current Io sampling value with the I1 sampling value periodically by taking T1 as a period in a module interrupt service program or a main program;
optionally, in order to be able to protect the bleeding circuit T1 quickly and timely, the value is typically in the order of several microseconds, which is related to the parameters of the bleeding circuit, and the faster the protection is possible;
step 3, continuously judging N times (Io < I1) in order to eliminate interference influence and avoid misjudgment, wherein N can be specifically set according to the actual sampling interference condition; if the current is not satisfied, the short circuit of the reverse blocking diode is judged, an instruction is sent again, the bleeder resistor is disconnected, and therefore the bleeder resistor is guaranteed to be disconnected certainly;
and 4, under the condition that the current is not negative current, judging whether the condition that the bleeder resistor needs to be closed is met, if so, closing the bleeder resistor for a period of time T2 to ensure that the output voltage is reduced to be below the safe voltage, and if not, disconnecting the bleeder resistor.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the protection method described above is stored in the controller chip as a control instruction, so that when the microcontroller executes the instruction, the protection method described above can be executed.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 1, the output current sampling may also be implemented by using a hall sensor to sample the current, or the current sampling circuit may also be implemented without using a method of raising the level, for example, optionally, a rectification method may be used to sample the absolute value of the output current, and meanwhile, a current zero-crossing comparison circuit is added to detect that the current is positive or negative;
according to another embodiment of the present invention, the negative current threshold I1 in fig. 2 may not be the current value of the lowest battery voltage in the reverse charging, and may be other values;
according to another embodiment of the present invention, the execution period T1 of the protection logic may also take several milliseconds, and it is not necessary to continuously determine N times, and only once;
according to another embodiment of the present invention, the closing of the bleeder resistor for a period of time T2 may be eliminated, and the bleeder resistor is closed all the time as long as it is ensured that the bleeder resistor is opened before the start-up.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the output negative current decision logic of fig. 2 can be re-integrated with other bleeder resistance logic.
As shown in fig. 3, another embodiment is shown, in this embodiment, the bleeder resistor is disconnected when the module is powered on for initialization; then, the following steps are executed in a period T1: and calibrating the output current sampling value, converting the output current sampling value into an actual current value Io, and comparing the output current Io with a negative current threshold value I1. The rest steps are the same as the first embodiment.
Another embodiment is shown in fig. 4. In this embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
step 1: disconnecting the bleeder resistor when the rectifier module is powered on for initialization, and calibrating an AD sampling value I1 corresponding to a negative current threshold I1;
step 2, periodically executed in a period T1, is determining whether the output current sample value satisfies Io > the negative current threshold I1 and (other) conditions for closing the bleed-off resistor (e.g., current exceeds a certain fixed threshold, etc.)? If the judgment result is yes, executing the step 3; if it is determined that the output current sample value Io > the negative current threshold I1 and the other condition of the closed bleed resistance is satisfied? If the two conditions are not met, namely the judgment result is negative, executing the step 4;
step 3, the first counter counts and determines whether N1 times are satisfied consecutively? If the judgment result is yes, closing the bleeder resistor for a period of time T2 to ensure that the output voltage drops below the safe voltage; skipping to the step 2;
step 4, the second counter counts and determines whether N2 times are satisfied continuously? If the continuous result is yes, the short circuit of the reverse blocking diode is judged, and the bleeder resistor is disconnected.
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but various changes may be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is intended that all inventive concepts utilizing the inventive concepts set forth herein be protected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and limited by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An output protection device of a rectification module is characterized by comprising a filter circuit, an output terminal, a rechargeable battery, a drive circuit, a negative current sampling circuit and a control chip;
the filter circuit is connected to the output terminal through an output anti-blocking diode, and the output terminal is connected with the rechargeable battery;
a sampling resistor is also connected between the filter circuit and the output terminal to serve as an output current sampling shunt, and both ends of the sampling resistor are connected with an output current sampling circuit capable of sampling negative current; the control chip controls the switch to be switched on and off through the driving circuit, collects the current on the sampling resistor through the output current sampling circuit and judges whether the output reverse blocking diode is short-circuited or not.
2. The output protection device of the rectifier module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output current is sampled by an AD converter or by a hall sensor.
3. The output protection device of the rectifier module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current sampling circuit samples the negative current by raising the level.
4. The output protection device of a rectifier module according to claim 1, wherein the negative current threshold I1 is the current value of the lowest battery voltage when reverse-charging.
5. A method for output protection using the apparatus of any of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
step 1, disconnecting a bleeder resistor when a rectifier module is electrified for initialization, and calibrating a sampling value corresponding to a negative current threshold value I1, wherein the threshold value I1 is a current value of the normal lowest battery voltage during reverse charging;
step 2, comparing the output current Io sampling value with the sampling value corresponding to I1 at regular time by taking T1 as a period in an interrupt service program or a main program;
step 3, continuously judging whether the sampling value of the output current Io satisfies Io < I1 for N times? If the current is not satisfied, judging that the reverse blocking diode is short-circuited, sending an instruction, disconnecting the bleeder resistor, and if the current is not satisfied, entering the step 4;
and 4, under the condition that the current is not negative current, judging whether the condition that the bleeder resistor needs to be closed is met, if so, closing the bleeder resistor for a period of time T2 to ensure that the output voltage is reduced to be below the safe voltage, and if not, disconnecting the bleeder resistor.
6. The method of output protection according to claim 5, wherein: in step 2, the T1 takes microsecond level.
7. A method for output protection using the apparatus of any of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
step 1: disconnecting the bleeder resistor when the rectifier module is powered on for initialization, and calibrating an AD sampling value corresponding to a negative current threshold I1;
step 2, executing at regular time with a period T1, and judging whether the output current sampling value meets Io > negative current threshold I1 and meets the condition of closing the bleeder resistor; if both are satisfied, executing step 3; if the two can not be met, executing the step 4;
step 3, the first counter counts and determines whether N1 times are satisfied continuously? If the judgment result is yes, closing the bleeder resistor for a period of time T2 to ensure that the output voltage drops below the safe voltage; skipping to the step 2;
step 4, the second counter counts and determines whether N2 times are satisfied continuously? If the judgment result is yes, the short circuit of the reverse blocking diode is judged, and the bleeder resistor is disconnected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110450014.3A CN113141105A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Output protection method and device of rectifier module |
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| CN202110450014.3A CN113141105A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Output protection method and device of rectifier module |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115549054A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2022-12-30 | 江苏辰特动力有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted voltage abnormity protection circuit and vehicle |
| CN117294132A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-26 | 深圳市鼎阳科技股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit and switching method thereof |
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| CN115549054A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2022-12-30 | 江苏辰特动力有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted voltage abnormity protection circuit and vehicle |
| CN117294132A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-26 | 深圳市鼎阳科技股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit and switching method thereof |
| CN117294132B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-03-01 | 深圳市鼎阳科技股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit and switching method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210720 |
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