CN113137570A

CN113137570A - Ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve

Info

Publication number: CN113137570A
Application number: CN202110449307.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柴为民; 陈永新; 路远航; 张鑫波
Original assignee: Hangzhou Chunjiang Valve Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Chunjiang Valve Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-25
Filing date: 2021-04-25
Publication date: 2021-07-20

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve, which comprises a valve body, wherein a pressure reducing valve, a steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, a stop valve, an electromagnetic valve, an inflation one-way valve, an overpressure safety valve, an overheating safety valve, a vent valve, a gas inlet filter core, a gas outlet filter core, a temperature sensor, a cylinder internal pressure and output air pressure sensor interface and the like are arranged in the valve body, and all parts are arranged in the valve body and communicated by corresponding channels in the valve body, so that the ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve has the characteristics of high integration level, high safety and high monitoring performance, the output pressure can be adjusted according to the requirements of a fuel cell, the fluctuation of the output flow and the pressure is greatly reduced, and the ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve is suitable for the requirements of the fuel cell; the pressure reducing valve is at low pressure during the period of stopping gas supply, and the electromagnetic force required for opening the electromagnetic valve is small; when the hydrogen storage bottle is over-pressure and over-temperature, the corresponding over-pressure and over-temperature safety valve acts to release the high-pressure hydrogen in the bottle for pressure relief, so as to avoid over-pressure explosion; the pressure, temperature and output pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle can be monitored at any time.

Description

Ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to an ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve.

Background

The high-pressure hydrogen energy fuel cell automobile has the advantages of no pollution, high energy storage density, short inflation time, long driving distance and high vehicle utilization rate, and the hydrogen production cost is greatly reduced along with the improvement of the hydrogen production technology, so that the high attention of all main economic bodies in the world is paid. The construction of hydrogenation facilities has also been written into the government working report of 2019 by the government of China, and more than 20 provinces and cities have made development plans. In order to further improve the driving range and the performance of the whole vehicle, manufacturers in various countries are increasing the gas pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder from 35MPa to 70MPa, which puts more strict requirements on the hydrogen storage cylinder and the cylinder valve. At present, the 70MPa high-pressure combination valve produced by Luxfer company in Canada is mostly adopted in China, and the combination valve integrates a flow limiter, an electromagnetic valve, an overheating safety valve, a manual stop valve, an air release valve, a filter element, a bottle pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, and has the defects that: the combination valve is provided with a flow limiter, but has no flow stabilizer, so the output flow has large fluctuation, in addition, whether the gas is supplied or not, the inside of the valve is always at a high pressure which is equivalent to the air pressure in a bottle, which easily causes leakage and insecurity, and the electromagnetic valve is required to have quite high electromagnetic force and heat dissipation capacity, or the electromagnetic valve with a pilot valve is adopted, which makes the structure more complex, furthermore, because the hydrogen fuel cell can only bear lower air pressure, the outside of the valve can be supplied with gas after being decompressed by the decompression valve, which not only increases the complexity of connection and leakage points, but also has large output pressure fluctuation due to the large range of input pressure of the decompression valve (70 MPa to 5 MPa), and the fuel cell is expected to provide more stable flow and pressure.

In order to solve the problem of high pressure in the valve, patent publication No. CN101418910A proposes that high-pressure hydrogen in the cylinder is first reduced to a set pressure by a built-in pressure reducing valve and then enters the hydrogen supply pipeline through an electromagnetic valve during gas supply, but as shown in fig. 2 and the text of the patent, the high-pressure hydrogen is not only a pressure reducing valve but also a pressure reducing valve, so if the pressure reduction is too small, the valve is still in a high-pressure state, if the pressure reduction is too large, the hydrogen in the cylinder cannot be fully utilized, and if the pressure in the cylinder is less than the pressure of the spring, the gas cannot be supplied to the outside.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of an ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder valve in a high-pressure hydrogen energy fuel cell vehicle in the prior art, and provides an ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve which has the advantages of high safety, high function integration level and high monitoring performance.

The invention adopts a specific technical scheme for solving the technical problems that the ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve comprises a valve body, wherein a pressure reducing valve, a steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, a stop valve, an electromagnetic valve, an inflation one-way valve, an overpressure safety valve, an overheating safety valve, a deflation valve, an air inlet filter element, an air outlet filter element, a temperature sensor, and a cylinder internal air pressure and output air pressure sensor interface are arranged in the valve body; during inflation, the high-pressure hydrogen opens the inflation one-way valve through the inflation inlet filter element, and inflates the hydrogen storage bottle through a corresponding channel in the valve body; when supplying gas, the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle supplies gas to the hydrogen fuel cell through the pressure reducing valve, the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, the stop valve, the electromagnetic valve and the gas outlet filter element; the output pressure of the pressure reducing valve can be adjusted according to the requirements of the fuel cell, and the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve is used for reducing the fluctuation of output flow and pressure.

When the combined valve is used for charging gas into the hydrogen storage bottle, high-pressure hydrogen is firstly filtered by the filter element at the charging port so as to prevent impurities from entering the hydrogen storage bottle and the valve, and then enters the hydrogen storage bottle through the charging one-way valve. The inflation one-way valve has the function of preventing hydrogen from reversely flowing out when the inflation is stopped, so that the pressure maintaining is realized; the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle is connected with an overpressure safety valve, an overheating safety valve, an air release valve, a bottle internal pressure sensor, an output pressure sensor and a bottle internal gas temperature sensor through corresponding channels in the valve body; the overpressure safety valve has the function that when the charging pressure is higher than 70MPa or the air pressure in the bottle exceeds 70MPa due to the rise of the external temperature, the overpressure safety valve can automatically open to release air so as to prevent the hydrogen storage bottle from overpressure explosion; the overheating safety valve has the function that when the temperature of the combined valve rises to 110 +/-5 ℃ due to environmental temperature rise (such as vehicle combustion), in order to prevent the hydrogen storage bottle from overheating and exploding due to overpressure, the overheating protection device acts to discharge hydrogen in the bottle outwards; the function of the air release valve is that when the pressure release valve or the electromagnetic valve fails to supply air to the fuel cell, the air release valve can be opened manually to discharge the hydrogen in the bottle to the outside or other containers; the gas pressure sensor in the bottle is used for observing the pressure of hydrogen in the bottle, and the gas is inflated in time when the gas pressure is reduced to the lowest working pressure, and the gas is stopped when the inflation pressure reaches 70 MPa; the output pressure sensor is used for observing whether the output pressure meets the requirement of the fuel cell; the temperature sensor in the bottle is used for observing the temperature of the hydrogen in the bottle, the normal temperature range is-40 ℃ to 85 ℃, and whether accidents or improper operation occurs can be timely checked when the temperature is over-temperature.

When the hydrogen storage bottle supplies gas to the fuel cell, the electromagnetic valve is opened, hydrogen firstly enters the pressure reducing valve, then the gas is supplied to the fuel cell through the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, the electromagnetic valve and the gas outlet filter element, the pressure reducing valve has the function of reducing the high pressure in front of the valve to the low pressure required by the fuel cell, and the low pressure is also kept in the valve during the gas supply stopping period; the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve has the functions of controlling the output flow and the pressure fluctuation, and in addition, when the passing flow is overlarge (such as a downstream pipeline is broken), the gas circuit can be automatically closed, and the gas supply is stopped; the stop valve has the function of closing the stop valve when the electromagnetic valve is used for overhauling or replacing the filter element at the air outlet; the electromagnetic valve is used for opening or closing the gas supply to the fuel cell; the function of the air outlet filter element is to prevent impurities from entering the fuel cell.

Preferably, the valve body consists of an upper part and a lower part which are vertical to each other, the upper part is a cuboid, the lower part is a step-shaped cylinder, external threads on the upper section of the cylinder are screwed with internal threads above the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle, the lower section of the cylinder is matched with an inner hole below the bottle mouth in a sliding way, and an O-shaped sealing ring I and a check ring I are arranged in an annular groove on the lower section of the cylinder; each part is arranged in a corresponding hole of the valve body and is communicated with a corresponding channel in the valve body; each channel port is blocked by a steel ball and a sealing screw.

Preferably, the pressure reducing valve is arranged in a stepped longitudinal hole on one side of the cylinder, the stepped longitudinal hole is offset relative to the center line of the cylinder, the pressure reducing valve comprises an upper valve sleeve, a middle valve sleeve, a lower valve sleeve, a metal diaphragm, a sliding valve, a first spring, a first adjusting screw, a first nut, a first upper spring seat, a first lower spring seat and a first valve seat, and the center lines of all parts are on the same axis; the lower cylinder body of the lower valve sleeve is matched with a corresponding hole of the valve body in a sliding way, an annular groove is arranged on the excircle, a plurality of longitudinal grooves are arranged on the flat cylinder below the lower cylinder, the lower end of the flat cylinder with a slightly larger diameter at the upper end of the lower valve sleeve is abutted against the end surface of the corresponding hole, a stepped blind hole with a larger diameter at the upper part and a smaller diameter at the lower part is arranged in the center of the lower valve sleeve, and the annular groove is communicated with a high-pressure cavity of the pressure reducing valve through four radial holes I on the cylinder wall above the annular groove; the outer circle of the middle valve sleeve is matched with a corresponding hole of the valve body in a sliding mode, an O-shaped sealing ring II and an O-shaped sealing ring III are arranged, a circular pit is arranged above the middle valve sleeve, a second-order stepped hole is arranged below the middle valve sleeve, a large hole of the stepped hole is matched with a flat cylinder at the upper end of the lower valve sleeve in a sliding mode, a valve seat I is tightly matched in the middle hole, the valve seat I is made of polyimide resin with lower hardness, a conical hole is arranged below an inner hole of the valve seat I, and the diameter of the inner hole is the same as that of a plunger at the lower section of the sliding valve; the cylinder wall of the small hole of the stepped hole of the middle valve sleeve is provided with four uniformly distributed radial holes II, and the outer openings of the radial holes II are provided with annular grooves; the external thread of the upper valve sleeve is screwed in the corresponding screw hole of the valve body, and the metal diaphragm with a hole in the center is tightly pressed between the upper sliding sleeve and the middle valve sleeve; the top end of the upper sliding sleeve is provided with a first adjusting screw, an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat are arranged in the inner cavity, and a first spring is arranged between the upper spring seat and the lower spring seat; the lower section of the slide valve is a plunger, the middle section of the slide valve is a cone, the upper section of the slide valve is a small shaft, the top end of the slide valve is a connecting screw, the plunger is matched in a corresponding hole of the lower slide sleeve in a sliding way, the bottom surface of the slide valve is provided with a pit, the excircle of the slide valve is provided with a plurality of annular pressure equalizing grooves, and the lower end of the slide valve is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring IV; the taper of the middle cone is the same as that of a lower taper hole of the valve seat, the middle cone and the lower taper hole form a valve port of the pressure reducing valve, a connecting screw at the top end penetrates through a hole in the centers of the first sealing gasket, the metal diaphragm and the lower spring seat and is connected into a whole by a second nut, a blind hole is formed in the center of the sliding valve from bottom to top, and a radial hole III communicated with the sliding valve is formed in the upper section small shaft.

Preferably, the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve and the stop valve are arranged at the upper right of a cuboid of the valve body, the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve and the stop valve are both arranged in a valve sleeve I, the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve comprises a valve sleeve I, a valve core I and a spring II, the central lines of all parts are on the same axis, the excircle of the valve sleeve I is in sliding fit with a corresponding hole of the cuboid of the valve body, an O-shaped sealing ring V is arranged on the valve sleeve I and is screwed in a corresponding screw hole of the cuboid, the center of an inner hole is a shaft hole I, the left end of the shaft hole I is communicated with a shaft hole II through a taper hole, the large diameter of the left end of the valve core I is in dynamic fit in the shaft hole II, a plurality of pressure equalizing grooves are arranged on the large diameter, the top end of a right small shaft is a frustum, the taper angle of the frustum is the same as the taper angle of the taper hole, the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve port is formed by the frustum, the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve port can be adjusted by rotating the valve sleeve I, and the opening of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve can be adjusted by a taper end screw; a step hole is formed in the center of the first valve core, four uniformly distributed radial holes IV are formed in the hole wall of the small hole of the step hole and used for communicating the step hole with the first valve cavity, and a second spring is arranged between the top surface of the second shaft hole and shoulder blades of the first valve core; the right end of the first shaft hole is provided with a third shaft hole, the wall of the third shaft hole is provided with four uniformly distributed radial holes V, and the outer diameter of the outer opening of each radial hole V is provided with an annular groove; and a stepped adjusting screw II is arranged in the shaft hole III and is consistent with the central line of the valve sleeve I, the external thread at the right end is screwed with the corresponding internal thread of the valve sleeve I, the small shaft at the left end is matched with the shaft hole III in a sliding manner and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring VI, the top end of the small shaft is provided with a frustum, the taper angle of the frustum is the same as the taper angle of the chamfer angle at the right end of the shaft hole I, and the frustum and the shaft hole II form a valve port of the stop valve.

Preferably, the electromagnetic valve is arranged at the right lower part of the cuboid, the electromagnetic valve comprises an electromagnet and a second valve seat, a cylinder body of the electromagnet is matched with a corresponding hole on the cuboid in a sliding manner, a sealing ring is arranged and positioned by a second retaining ring, and the outgoing cable penetrates through the hole at the bottom of the cuboid and is fixed by a lead sealing joint; a concave pit is arranged on the end face of the circular ring in front of the armature of the electromagnet, and a third sealing gasket fixed by a screw is arranged in the concave pit; the second valve seat is screwed in a corresponding screw hole of the cuboid, a cylinder with a slightly smaller diameter at the middle part is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring seventh, the top end of the cylinder is provided with a small frustum, the center of the second valve seat is provided with a stepped hole, the small hole of the stepped hole and the top surface of the small frustum at the top end form an annular edge, the annular edge and the sealing gasket form a solenoid valve port, a middle hole of the stepped hole is provided with an air outlet filter element and is positioned by a check ring, and a large hole of the stepped hole is provided with an air outlet; the electromagnetic valve is normally closed, and when the electromagnetic valve is not electrified, the armature iron closes the valve port of the electromagnetic valve under the action of a spring in the electromagnet; the opening of the valve port of the electromagnetic valve can be adjusted by rotating the second valve seat, and the valve port is fastened by a conical end screw after being adjusted.

Preferably, the inflation one-way valve is arranged at the middle lower part of the left side of the cuboid, the inflation one-way valve comprises an inflation valve sleeve, a spring IV and a valve core II, the central lines of all the parts are on the same axis, the external thread on the major diameter of the inflation valve sleeve is screwed with the corresponding internal thread on the cuboid, the minor diameter is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, and is provided with a sealing ring, the left end of the shaft hole IV at the center of the inner hole is a stepped hole, an inner thread is arranged in the big hole, an inflation inlet filter element is arranged in the small hole, the valve is positioned by a retaining ring, a groove is formed in the bottom of a hole at the right end of the four shaft holes, a second valve core is dynamically matched in the hole, a frustum is arranged at the left end of the second valve core, the taper of the frustum is the same as that of a chamfer at the right end of the four shaft holes, the frustum and the chamfer form a one-way valve port, a fourth spring is arranged in a blind hole in the center, four uniformly distributed through holes are formed in the cylinder wall at the left end of the blind hole, four uniformly distributed through holes are formed in the sleeve wall of the inflation valve, and an annular groove is formed in the excircle of an outer port of each through hole.

Preferably, the overpressure safety valve and the overheating safety valve are arranged at the left upper part of the cuboid and are designed into a whole, the overpressure safety valve and the overheating safety valve comprise a valve sleeve II, a valve core IV, a spring III, a piston, a fusible plug block, an adjusting stud and a locking nut I, and the central lines of all parts are located on the same axis; the external thread of the second valve sleeve is screwed with the internal thread of the corresponding hole, the lower cylinder is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, the chamfer at the bottom end is provided with a sealing ring, the center of the lower cylinder is provided with a stepped hole, the large hole of the stepped hole is provided with the internal thread, and the small hole is matched with a piston in a sliding way; a third spring is arranged between the upper plane of the lower cone of the valve core IV and the lower end face of the piston, the taper of the cone at the lower end part of the valve core IV is the same as that of a chamfer angle above the central hole of the bottom wall of the valve sleeve II, the two taper parts form a valve port of the safety valve, and the handle end of the valve core IV is loosely matched in a blind hole at the bottom end of the piston; the external thread of the adjusting stud is screwed in the internal thread of the two large holes of the valve sleeve, the top end is provided with a hexagon socket, the bottom end is provided with a pit, the center is provided with a communicating hole, the pit is internally provided with a fusible plug block, the two cylinder walls of the valve sleeve are provided with four uniformly distributed through holes, and the outer diameter of the outer opening of each through hole is provided with an annular groove communicated with a discharge hole (B4).

Preferably, the air release valve is arranged at the left lower part of the cuboid and comprises a valve seat III, a screw, a valve core III, a spring V and a locking nut II, and the central lines of all parts are positioned on the same axis; the external threads on the three major diameters of the valve seat are screwed with the corresponding internal threads of the valve body, the small cylinder is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, an O-shaped sealing ring eight is arranged at the chamfer of the top end, the diameters of the two ends of the inner hole are larger, the diameter of the middle part of the inner hole is smaller, an annular groove is arranged at the bottom of the upper hole, a valve core three is movably matched in the hole, the taper of a frustum at the lower end of the valve core three is the same as the taper of a chamfer above the small hole at the middle part of the inner hole, the two valve cores form a valve port of a gas release valve, a spring five is arranged in a blind hole of the valve core three, and four uniformly distributed through holes are arranged on the cylinder wall of the blind hole bottom; the internal thread in the lower hole is screwed with the external thread of the screw, a small cylinder above the screw is matched with the small hole in the middle section of the valve seat in a sliding way and is provided with a sealing ring, and the top surface of the small shaft at the top end is opposite to the top surface of the three frustum of the valve core and is not contacted at ordinary times; four uniformly distributed through holes are arranged near the middle of the wall of the third valve seat, and an annular groove is arranged on the outer diameter of an outer opening of each through hole and communicated with the air vent.

Preferably, the other side of the valve body cylinder is also provided with a longitudinal hole and a transverse hole, the lower end of the longitudinal hole is in threaded connection with the temperature sensor and is sealed by a second sealing gasket, and a lead of the second sealing gasket passes through the longitudinal hole and the transverse hole to be led out of the combined valve and is fixed by a lead sealing joint.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the combination valve is internally provided with a pressure reducing valve, and the output air pressure can be adjusted according to the requirements of the fuel cell no matter how high the air pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle is; the trouble of connection and the increase of leakage points caused by the fact that an ordinary cylinder valve needs to be externally connected with a pressure reducing valve are avoided, in addition, even in the air supply stopping period, the pressure reducing valve always keeps low pressure, and when air supply is carried out again, the electromagnetic valve can be opened by the electromagnet with small force. 2. Because the output pressure of the pressure reducing valve has certain fluctuation, if the pressure reducing valve is directly connected with the ordinary throttle valve in series, the output flow and pressure are also fluctuated inevitably, the invention connects a steady flow pressure stabilizing valve in series behind the pressure reducing valve, so that the output flow and pressure are kept stable basically, the performance is improved compared with the ordinary cylinder valve, and the working requirement of the fuel cell is met. 3. Compared with the Luxfer combined valve, the combined valve is additionally provided with the cylinder pressure safety valve and the output pressure sensor besides the two valves, so that the integration level is higher, and the monitoring performance is higher. 4. Compact structure and high safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the ultrahigh-pressure vehicular hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the assembled valve of the ultra-high pressure vehicular hydrogen storage cylinder of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a transverse M-M sectional view of the ultra-high pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the valve comprises a valve body, 2, an upper valve sleeve, 3, a first spring, 4, an upper spring seat, 5, a first nut, 6, a first adjusting screw, 7, a protective cover, 8, a second nut, 9, a lower spring seat, 10, a metal diaphragm, 11, a sealing screw, 12, a steel ball, 13, a first sealing gasket, 14, a middle valve sleeve, 15, a sliding valve, 16, a lower valve sleeve, 17, a fourth O-shaped sealing ring, 18, a first check ring, 19, a first O-shaped sealing ring, 20, a temperature sensor, 21, a second sealing gasket, 22, a second O-shaped sealing ring, 23, a lead sealing joint, 24, a first valve seat, 25, a third O-shaped sealing ring, 26, a second adjusting screw, 27, a sixth O-shaped sealing ring, 28, a first valve sleeve, 29, a first valve core, 30, a second spring, 31, an adjusting stud, 32, a first locking nut, 33, a fusible plug block, 34, a piston, 35, a second valve sleeve, 36, a third spring, 37, a fourth valve core, 38 and an inflation valve sleeve, 39. a gas filling port filter element 40, a valve core II, a 41, a spring IV, a 42, an O-shaped sealing ring eight, a 43, a valve core III, a 44, a valve seat III, a 45. O-shaped sealing ring nine, a 46, a locking nut II, a 47, a screw II, a 48, a spring V, a 49, an electromagnet, a 50, a retainer II, a 51, a sealing gasket III, a 52, a screw I, a 53, a gas outlet filter element 54, an O-shaped sealing ring VII, a 55, a valve seat II, a 56, an O-shaped sealing ring V, an a longitudinal groove, a b, an annular groove, a c, a channel I, a channel II, a channel III, a channel IV, a radial hole I, a radial hole III, a bottom wall central hole, a channel V, a channel IV, a channel VI, a gas hole, a blind hole, a radial hole II, a radial hole IV, a radial hole III, a radial hole V, a radial hole IV, a channel IV, a communication hole y., a longitudinal hole z1., z2. transverse hole, A1 connecting screw hole I, A2 connecting screw hole II, B1 air outlet hole, B2 inflation hole, B3 air outlet hole, B4. discharge hole, H longitudinal hole, V1 pressure reducing valve port, V2 steady flow pressure stabilizing valve port, V3 stop valve port, V4 electromagnetic valve port, V5 safety valve port, V6 one-way valve port, V7 air outlet valve port, Z1. high pressure cavity, Z2 valve cavity I, Z3 valve cavity II and Z4. electromagnetic valve cavity.

Detailed Description

The following is a further description of embodiments of the present invention by way of examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The working principle of the ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve is shown in figure 1, the structure of the ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve is shown in figures 2 and 3, and the ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve is formed by combining a valve body 1, an inflation inlet filter element 39, an air outlet filter element 53, a pressure reducing valve, a steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, a stop valve, an electromagnetic valve, an inflation one-way valve, a deflation valve, an overheating safety valve, an overpressure safety valve, a cylinder pressure and output pressure sensor connecting screw hole A1, a connecting screw hole II A2, an air outlet hole B1, an inflation hole B2, an air outlet hole B3, a drainage hole B4 and the like, wherein all parts are arranged in the valve body 1 and are communicated with corresponding channels in the valve body according to design requirements, and the valve body 1 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, so that the ultrahigh pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve is light in weight. The valve body 1 consists of an upper part and a lower part which are vertical to each other, wherein the upper part is basically a cuboid, and the lower part is basically a stepped cylinder; the external thread above the cylinder is screwed with the internal thread above the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle, the lower cylinder below the cylinder is matched with the inner hole below the bottle mouth in a sliding way, a first O-shaped sealing ring 19 and a first check ring 18 are arranged in a groove of the lower cylinder, and the first check ring 18 is used for preventing high-pressure hydrogen from extruding the first O-shaped sealing ring 19 into a fit clearance.

A pressure relief valve is provided in the stepped longitudinal bore on one side of the cylinder, the longitudinal bore being offset by D (see figure 2) from the centre line O-O of the cylinder, the position of which on the plane of the cuboid is seen in figure 3. The pressure reducing valve comprises an upper valve sleeve 2, a middle valve sleeve 14, a lower sliding sleeve 16, a metal diaphragm 10, a slide valve 15, a spring I3, a regulating screw I6, a nut I5, an upper spring seat 4, a lower spring seat 9, a valve seat I24 and the like, the central lines of all parts are on the same axis, the lower sliding sleeve 16 is a stepped sleeve, the excircle of the lower cylinder body is matched with a corresponding hole in the cylinder of the valve body 1 in a sliding manner, a wider annular groove b is processed on the excircle, a plurality of longitudinal grooves a are arranged on the lower short cylinder, and high-pressure hydrogen output from a longitudinal hole H at the bottom end of the cylinder of the valve body 1 is sent to a connecting screw hole A1 (see figure 3) connected with an overpressure safety valve, an inflation one-way valve, a deflation valve and a bottle pressure sensor on the left side of the cuboid of the valve body 1 through the longitudinal groove a, the annular groove b, a channel I, a channel II, a channel III and a channel IV; the lower end surface of a flat cylinder at the upper end of the lower valve sleeve 16 is abutted against the end surface of a corresponding hole of the valve body 1, the center of the lower valve sleeve 16 is provided with a stepped blind hole with a large diameter at the upper part and a small diameter at the lower part, and the annular groove b sends high-pressure hydrogen to a high-pressure cavity Z1 of the pressure reducing valve through four radial holes one g above the annular groove b; the middle valve sleeve 14 is arranged above the lower valve sleeve 16, the outer circle of the middle valve sleeve is matched with a corresponding hole on the valve body in a sliding mode, an O-shaped sealing ring II 22 and an O-shaped sealing ring III 25 are arranged, a shallow circular pit is arranged above the middle valve sleeve, a second-order stepped hole is arranged below the middle valve sleeve, a large hole is matched with a flat cylinder at the upper end of the lower valve sleeve 16 in a sliding mode, a valve seat I24 is tightly matched in a middle hole, the valve seat I24 is made of polyimide resin with lower hardness, a conical hole is arranged below an inner hole of the valve seat I and serves as a valve seat of a valve port of the pressure reducing valve, the diameter of the inner hole is the same as that of a plunger at the lower end of the sliding valve 15, four radial holes II n are uniformly distributed on the wall of a small hole of the middle valve sleeve 14, an annular groove is turned on an outer opening of the radial holes II n, and the hydrogen after pressure reduction is sent to a pressure stabilizing valve positioned above a cuboid of the valve body 1 through the radial holes II n, the annular groove, the channel V and a channel (refer to figure 3); the external thread of the upper valve sleeve 2 is screwed into the corresponding screw hole of the valve body 1, the metal diaphragm 10 with a small hole in the center is arranged between the upper valve sleeve 2 and the middle valve sleeve 14, and the upper valve sleeve 2 is screwed, so that the lower valve sleeve 16 is tightly pressed on the end surface of the corresponding hole of the valve body 1. The middle valve sleeve 14 is tightly pressed on the lower valve sleeve 16, the metal diaphragm 10 is tightly pressed between the upper valve sleeve 2 and the middle valve sleeve 14, the shape and the inner cavity of the upper valve sleeve 2 are in a ladder shape, the top end of the upper valve sleeve is screwed with a regulating screw I6, an upper spring seat 4 and a lower spring seat 9 are arranged in the inner cavity, a spring I3 is arranged between the upper spring seat and the lower spring seat, an external thread is turned on a small outer cylinder at the upper end of the upper valve sleeve 2 and used for installing the protective cover 7, two parallel planes are arranged on two sides of the small outer cylinder and used for screwing the upper valve sleeve 2 with a wrench during installation, and air holes l communicated with an inner hole are drilled on the two planes respectively so as to eliminate the air-lock phenomenon during up and down movement of the diaphragm 10.

The lower section of the slide valve 15 is a plunger, the middle section is a cone, the upper section is a small shaft, the top end is a connecting screw, the plunger is arranged in a corresponding hole of the lower slide sleeve 16 in a sliding mode, a pit is arranged on the bottom surface, in order to reduce radial unbalance force under ultrahigh pressure and reduce friction force when the slide valve 15 moves, a plurality of annular pressure equalizing grooves are arranged on the outer circle in a turning mode, the inner diameter of each pressure equalizing groove is concentric with the outer circle of the slide valve 15, in order to prevent leakage of a gap between the plunger and the hole under ultrahigh pressure of 70MPa, the surface roughness of each pressure equalizing groove and the outer circle is less than or equal to 0.2 micron, the fit gap is less than or equal to 10 microns, and an O-shaped sealing ring four 17 is arranged at the lower end; since the spool valve 15 is continuously moved up and down in the corresponding hole according to the change and fluctuation of the air pressure, in order to reduce the friction coefficient, the surface of the plunger is coated with TiN or CrN; the taper of the middle section cone is the same as that of the taper hole below the first valve seat 24, the two taper holes form a pressure reducing valve port V1, and in order to ensure the sealing performance when the valve is closed, the surface roughness of the two taper surfaces is less than or equal to 0.2 micron; and a connecting screw at the top end passes through a hole in the centers of the first sealing gasket 13, the metal diaphragm 10 and the lower spring seat 9 and is connected into a whole by a second nut 8. The center of the slide valve 15 is provided with a blind hole m from bottom to top, and the upper section small shaft is provided with a radial hole three hours communicated with the blind hole m so as to introduce the decompressed hydrogen into the bottom cavity of the plunger. As can be seen from the above description, since the diameter of the plunger at the lower section of the spool valve 15 is the same as the diameter of the inner hole of the first valve seat 24, the resultant force acting on the spool valve 15 is zero regardless of the inlet pressure, which is very beneficial to the stabilization of the output pressure. In addition, because the valve seat I24 is made of soft material, when the valve port V1 of the pressure reducing valve is closed after air supply is stopped, appropriate deformation can be generated under the action of downstream pressure, so that the sealing surfaces are more attached, and sealing is facilitated.

The working principle of the pressure reducing valve is as follows: when the valve port V4 of the electromagnetic valve is closed and the air supply is stopped, the air pressure of the lower cavity of the diaphragm 10 is increased, the diaphragm 10 drives the slide valve 15 to rise, and the valve port V1 of the pressure reducing valve is closed by overcoming the pressure of the spring I3, so that the downstream of the valve port V1 of the pressure reducing valve is at low pressure; when the electromagnetic valve is opened to supply air to the downstream, the pressure of the lower cavity of the diaphragm 10 is reduced, the slide valve 15 moves downwards under the pushing of the spring I3, the pressure of the lower cavity of the diaphragm 10 is gradually increased along with the gradual opening of the valve port V1 of the pressure reducing valve, when the pressure is balanced with the set pressure of the spring I3, the opening degree of the valve port V1 of the pressure reducing valve is certain, namely, the throttling and pressure reducing size is certain, the pressure reducing valve outputs pressure with certain size, therefore, the tightness degree of the spring I3 can be adjusted through the screw I6, namely, the output air pressure can be adjusted, the pressure reducing valve is locked by the nut I5 after being adjusted, once the output air pressure is adjusted, if the bottle pressure or the output flow fluctuates, the pressure reducing valve can be automatically adjusted by using the structure of the pressure reducing valve, and the output air pressure is basically kept unchanged; if the inlet air pressure is reduced, the outlet air pressure is also reduced inevitably at the moment of reduction, the pressure acting below the diaphragm 10 is reduced, the balance of the original force acting on the slide valve 15 is broken, the slide valve 15 moves downwards under the pushing of the first spring 3, the opening degree of a valve port V1 of the pressure reducing valve is increased, the throttling and pressure reducing effects are reduced, the outlet pressure is increased back to be close to the original set pressure, and the slide valve 15 obtains new balance at a new position; if the flow increases (or decreases), the flow rate through the relief valve port V1 also increases (or decreases), the pressure loss also increases (or decreases), causing a decrease (or increase) in the output pressure, thereby moving the spool valve 15 downward (or upward), increasing (or decreasing) the relief valve port V1, decreasing (or increasing) the throttling pressure reduction, and returning (or decreasing) the output pressure to the original setting.

Because the movement of the slide valve 15 has friction force, when the air pressure in the bottle is reduced from 70MPa to the lowest using pressure of about 5MPa, the opening degree of the valve port V1 of the pressure reducing valve is different, namely the compression amount of the spring is changed to a certain extent, and in addition, the diameter of the diaphragm 10 cannot be too large due to the limitation of the size, so that the output pressure has certain fluctuation and the fluctuation of the output flow is caused, therefore, a steady flow pressure stabilizing valve is connected in series behind the pressure reducing valve.

The steady flow pressure stabilizing valve and the stop valve are arranged in the same valve sleeve I28, the former is composed of parts such as a valve sleeve I28, a valve core I29, a spring II 30 and the like, the central lines of the parts are on the same axial line, the cylinder of the valve sleeve I28 is matched with the corresponding hole of the cuboid of the valve body 1 in a sliding way and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring V56, the external thread at the right end is screwed in the corresponding screw hole, a shaft hole I is arranged near the center of the inner hole, the left end of the shaft hole I is communicated with a shaft hole II through a taper hole, the large diameter at the left end of the valve core I29 is movably matched in the shaft hole II, a plurality of pressure equalizing grooves are arranged on the large diameter, the top end of the right small shaft is a frustum, the taper angle of the frustum is the same as the taper angle of the taper hole, the two form a steady flow valve port V2 of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, the opening degree of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve V2 can be adjusted by rotating the valve sleeve I28, the taper end screw is fastened after adjustment, a step blind hole is arranged at the center of the valve core I29, four evenly distributed radial holes four q are drilled on the hole wall of the small hole and used for communicating the inner hole with the valve cavity I Z2, and the spring II 30 is arranged between the top surface of the shaft hole II p and the shoulder blade of the valve core I29. The working principle is as follows: during air supply, decompressed hydrogen enters an inner hole of the first valve core 29 and then enters the downstream end of the first valve core 29 through 4 radial holes four q and a first valve cavity Z2, pressure difference is generated at two ends of the first valve core 29 under the throttling and pressure reducing effects of the valve port V2 of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, when the pressure difference reaches a certain value, the pressure of the second spring 30 is overcome to move forwards, the size of the pressure difference depends on the size of flow, the pre-pressure and the rigidity of the second spring 30 and the preset opening degree of the valve port V2 of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, and the pre-pressure of the second spring 30, namely the size of the valve port V2 of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, can be finely adjusted by rotating the first valve sleeve 28; when the thrust generated by the pressure difference between the two ends of the first valve core 29 is balanced with the thrust of the second spring 30, the first valve core 29 is in a balanced position, and the flow passing through the first valve core is the set flow. The valve can ensure that the output pressure and flow are basically unchanged when the pressure or flow at the inlet and the outlet fluctuates. For example, when the input pressure is reduced, at the moment of reduction, the output pressure is reduced, meanwhile, because the pressure difference at the two ends of the valve core I29 is reduced, the flow passing through the valve port V2 of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve is also reduced, but the thrust acting on the left end of the valve core is reduced due to the reduction of the pressure difference, under the pushing of the spring II 30, the opening degree of the valve port V2 of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve is increased, so that the passing flow is increased, and the output flow is close to the original value, meanwhile, because the opening degree of the valve port V2 of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve is increased, the throttling and pressure reducing effects are reduced, the pressure behind the valve is increased, so that the output pressure is basically kept unchanged; for another example, when the downstream pressure changes to cause flow rate changes, for example, the flow rate increases, at the moment of the flow rate increase, the pressure difference between the two ends of the first valve element 29 increases, overcomes the thrust of the second spring 30, so that the first valve element 29 moves rightwards, the opening degree of the flow stabilizing pressure stabilizing valve port V2 decreases, and the flow rate passing through the flow stabilizing pressure stabilizing valve port V2 decreases, so that the flow rate passing through the flow stabilizing pressure stabilizing valve port V2 is substantially unchanged. If the flow rate is greatly increased (for example, a downstream pipeline is broken), the pressure difference between the two ends of the first valve core 29 is greatly increased, the thrust of the second spring 30 is overcome, the conical surface of the end part of the second spring is tightly attached to the conical surface of the conical hole, the valve port V2 of the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve is closed, and the gas supply to the downstream is stopped. The right end of the first shaft hole y is provided with a third shaft hole r, four uniformly distributed radial holes five s are drilled at proper positions on the wall of the third shaft hole r, and an annular groove is turned on the outer edge of each radial hole five s; hydrogen output from the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve is sent into an electromagnetic valve cavity Z4 positioned at the right lower end of the cuboid of the valve body 1 and a connecting screw hole A2 positioned at the right side and connected with an outlet pressure sensor through a shaft hole one y, a shaft hole three r, a radial hole five s, a groove, a channel seven t and a channel eight u; and a second adjusting screw 26 is arranged in the third shaft hole r and is consistent with the central line of the first valve sleeve 28, the external thread at the right end is screwed with the corresponding internal thread of the first valve sleeve 28, the small shaft at the left end is matched with the third shaft hole r in a sliding manner and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring six 27, the top end of the small shaft is provided with a frustum, the taper angle of the frustum is the same as the taper angle of the chamfer angle at the right end of the first shaft hole y, and the two components form a valve port V3 of the stop valve. When a downstream fault occurs, such as a fault or maintenance of the electromagnetic valve, replacement of the air outlet filter element 53 and the like, the second adjusting screw 26 can be screwed in to close the valve port V3 of the stop valve.

The electromagnetic valve comprises an electromagnet 49, a second valve seat 55 and other parts, the barrel body of the electromagnet 49 is matched with a corresponding hole on the cuboid in a sliding manner, a sealing ring is arranged and positioned by a second elastic check ring 50, and an outgoing cable passes through the hole at the bottom of the cuboid and is fixed by a lead sealing joint; a concave pit is processed on the end face of a circular ring in front of a movable iron core of the electromagnet 49, a third sealing gasket 51 fixed by a first screw 52 is arranged in the concave pit, a second valve seat 55 is screwed in a corresponding screw hole of the cuboid, a cylinder with a slightly smaller diameter at the middle part is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, an O-shaped sealing ring seven 54 is arranged in the groove, and a small frustum is arranged at the top end of the cylinder; the center of the second valve seat 55 is provided with a stepped hole, the small hole enables the top surface of the small frustum at the top end to form an annular edge, the annular edge and the third sealing gasket 51 form a valve port V4 of the electromagnetic valve, an air outlet filter element 53 is arranged in the middle hole and is positioned by a retainer ring, the large hole is an air outlet B1, and the inner screw hole is connected with a pipeline joint for supplying air to the fuel cell; the electromagnetic valve is normally closed, when the electromagnetic valve is not electrified, the armature iron closes the valve port V4 of the electromagnetic valve under the action of a spring (not shown in the figure) in the electromagnet 49, when the electromagnetic valve is electrified, the armature iron retracts by overcoming the sum of the pressure of the spring and the pressure of the air pressure in the valve acting on the movable iron core, the valve port V4 of the electromagnetic valve is opened to supply air to the fuel cell, and because the valve is closed, the valve is low-pressure, the electromagnet 49 has enough force to open the electromagnetic valve; the opening degree of the valve port V4 of the electromagnetic valve can be adjusted by rotating the second valve seat 55, and the valve port V4 is fastened by a conical end screw after being adjusted.

The inflation check valve is positioned at the middle lower part of the left side of the cuboid of the valve body 1, and comprises an inflation valve sleeve 38, a spring four 41, a valve core two 40 and other parts, the central lines of all the parts are on the same axis, the external thread on the major diameter of the inflation valve sleeve 38 is screwed with the corresponding internal thread on the cuboid, the minor diameter is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged, the left end of a shaft hole four x at the center of an inner hole is a stepped hole, the thread processed in the large hole is screwed with the external thread of an inflation tool joint, an inflation inlet filter core 39 is installed in the small hole and is positioned by a check ring, the hole bottom of the right end hole of the shaft hole four x is processed with a groove, and the valve core two 40 is movably matched in the hole; the left end of the second valve core 40 is provided with a frustum, the taper of the frustum is the same as that of the chamfer of the right end of the four x of the shaft hole, the frustum and the shaft hole form a one-way valve port V6, a spring four 41 is arranged in a blind hole in the center, and four uniformly distributed through holes are drilled on the cylinder wall at the left end of the blind hole, so that the one-way valve port V6 is always tightly closed under the combined action of the spring four 41 and the air pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle when the hydrogen storage bottle is not inflated; four evenly distributed through holes are drilled at proper positions on the wall of the valve sleeve 38, and an annular groove is turned on the excircle of the outer opening of each through hole to lead the hydrogen in the bottle to a lower air release valve. When in gas charging, because the air pressure in the bottle is lower, the high-pressure hydrogen gas overcomes the pressure of the spring IV 41 and the back pressure through the filter element 39, and the valve port V6 of the one-way valve is opened to charge the hydrogen storage bottle.

The overpressure safety valve and the overheating safety valve are designed into a whole, the structure is compact, the overpressure safety valve and the overheating safety valve are positioned at the upper left of a cuboid of the valve body 1 and consist of parts such as a valve sleeve II 35, a valve core IV 37, a spring III 36, a piston 34, a fusible plug block 33, an adjusting stud 31, a locking nut I32 and the like, and the central lines of the parts are positioned on the same axis; an external thread above the second valve sleeve 35 is screwed with a corresponding internal thread in a cuboid of the valve body 1, a cylinder below the valve sleeve is matched with a corresponding hole in a sliding manner, an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged at a chamfer of the bottom end, a stepped hole is formed in the center, an internal thread is processed in a large hole, a piston 34 is matched in a small hole in a sliding manner, a third spring 36 is arranged between the upper plane of a lower cone of the fourth valve core 37 and the lower end surface of the piston 34, the taper of the lower end cone of the fourth valve core 37 is the same as that of a taper hole above a central hole i of the bottom wall of the second valve sleeve 35, the two taper holes form a safety valve port V5, and the handle end of the fourth valve core 37 is loosely matched in a blind hole at the bottom end of the piston 34; the external thread of the adjusting stud 31 is screwed in the internal thread of the large hole of the valve sleeve II 35, the top end of the adjusting stud is provided with a hexagon socket hole, the bottom end of the adjusting stud is provided with a pit, the center of the pit is provided with a communicating hole w, a fusible plug block 33 is arranged in the pit, the tightness degree of a spring III 36 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting stud 31 by using a hexagon socket wrench, namely the opening pressure of a valve port V5 of the safety valve is adjusted, the opening pressure of the safety valve is set to be 70MPa, and the safety valve is locked by a locking nut I32 after being set; four uniformly distributed through holes are drilled at proper positions on the cylinder wall of the second valve sleeve 35, an annular groove is lathed on the outer diameter of an outer opening of each through hole so as to enable the second valve cavity Z3 to be communicated with the discharge hole B4, and the internal thread of the discharge hole B4 is connected with the joint of the discharge pipeline. When the pressure of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle exceeds 70MPa, a valve port V5 of the safety valve is opened, and high-pressure hydrogen is discharged outwards through a discharge pipeline to prevent the hydrogen storage bottle from exploding due to overpressure; when the temperature of the combination valve reaches 110 +/-5 ℃, the fusible plug block 33 is melted into liquid, and the liquid is discharged outwards through the communication hole w under the combined action of the spring III 36 and the air pressure in the air bottle, and because the thickness of the fusible plug block 33 is larger than the compression amount of the spring III 36, the spring III 36 is in a completely relaxed state during discharging, and the discharge of high-pressure hydrogen is not hindered.

The air release valve is positioned at the left lower part of a cuboid of the valve body 1 and comprises a valve seat III 44, a screw II 47, a valve core III 43, a spring V48, a locking nut II 46 and other parts, wherein an external thread on the major diameter of the valve seat III 44 is screwed with an internal thread of a corresponding hole of the cuboid, a small cylinder is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, an O-shaped sealing ring VIII 42 is arranged at a chamfer angle at the top end, two ends of the diameter of an inner hole are large, the middle of the inner hole is small, a groove is formed at the bottom of an upper hole, the valve core III 43 is movably matched in the hole, the taper of a frustum at the lower end of the valve core III 43 is the same as that of a chamfer angle above a small hole at the middle section, the valve port V7 of the air release valve is formed by the two parts, the spring V48 is arranged in the blind hole, and four uniformly distributed through holes are drilled on the cylinder wall at the bottom of the blind hole; an internal thread is turned in the lower hole of the valve seat III 44 and is screwed with the external thread of the screw II 47, the bottom end of the screw II 47 is provided with a hexagon socket, a small cylinder at the upper part is matched with the small hole at the middle section of the valve seat III 44 in a sliding way, and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring nine 45, the end surface of the small shaft at the top end is opposite to the top surface of the cone frustum of the valve core three 43 and is not contacted at ordinary times, therefore, the valve port V7 of the air relief valve is closed under the action of the spring five 48 and the internal pressure at ordinary times, four uniformly distributed through holes are drilled near the middle part of the cylinder wall of the valve seat three 44, the outer port of the small hole is lathed with an annular groove to be communicated with the air relief hole B3, when the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle needs to be discharged outwards, the second locking nut 46 is loosened, the second screw 47 is screwed in, the third valve core 43 is jacked open, the valve port V7 of the air release valve is opened, the high-pressure hydrogen is discharged outwards through the air release hole B3, this configuration is safe because the second screw 47 is screwed inward and does not eject outward due to high air pressure.

In order to ensure that the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve port V2, the stop valve port V3, the safety valve port V5, the one-way valve port V6 and the release valve port V7 are reliably sealed under ultrahigh pressure, the contact surface of the valve core and the valve seat is subjected to matched grinding, the surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.1 micrometer, one of the valve core and the valve seat is made of a softer material, for example, the valve core material in the patent is stainless steel 316L, the valve seat material is copper alloy or aluminum alloy, and synthetic resin with lower hardness, such as polyimide resin and the like, can be inlaid on the valve seat, so that the contact surface is more attached due to the deformation of the softer material under high pressure.

The stainless steel ball 12 and the sealing screw 11 are used for plugging the orifice of the high-pressure channel, and the orifice of the low-pressure channel is only plugged by balls. The other side of the cylinder of the valve body 1 is drilled with a longitudinal hole z1 and a transverse hole z2, the axis of the longitudinal hole z1 is parallel to the axis of the cylinder, the lower end of the longitudinal hole z1 is screwed with the temperature sensor 20 and sealed by a second sealing gasket 21, and the lead of the second sealing gasket passes through the longitudinal hole z1 and the transverse hole z2 to the outside of the valve and is fixed by a lead sealing joint 23.

In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the technical features or technical data of the present invention may be reselected and combined to form new embodiments within the scope disclosed in the claims and the specification of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention not described in detail can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art without creative efforts, so the embodiments not described in detail should be regarded as specific embodiments of the present invention and are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve of superhigh pressure, includes valve body (1), its characterized in that: a pressure reducing valve, a steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, a stop valve, an electromagnetic valve, an inflation one-way valve, an overpressure safety valve, an overheating safety valve, an air release valve, an air inlet filter element, an air outlet filter element, a temperature sensor and an in-bottle air pressure and output air pressure sensor interface are arranged in the valve body (1); during inflation, the high-pressure hydrogen opens the inflation one-way valve through the inflation inlet filter element (39), and inflates the hydrogen storage bottle through the corresponding channel in the valve body (1); when supplying gas, the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle supplies gas to the hydrogen fuel cell through a pressure reducing valve, a steady flow pressure stabilizing valve, a stop valve, an electromagnetic valve and a gas outlet filter element (53); the output pressure of the pressure reducing valve can be adjusted according to the requirements of the fuel cell, and the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve is used for reducing the fluctuation of output flow and pressure.

2. The ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: the valve body (1) is composed of an upper part and a lower part which are vertical to each other, the upper part is a cuboid, the lower part is a step-shaped cylinder, external threads on the upper section of the cylinder are screwed with internal threads above the opening of the hydrogen storage bottle, the lower section of the cylinder is matched with an inner hole below the opening in a sliding manner, an O-shaped sealing ring I (19) and a check ring I (18) are arranged in an annular groove on the lower section of the cylinder, all parts are arranged in corresponding holes of the valve body (1) and are communicated through corresponding channels in the valve body, and the channel openings are blocked by steel balls (12) and sealing screws (11).

3. The ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the pressure reducing valve is arranged in a stepped longitudinal hole at one side of the cylinder, the stepped longitudinal hole is offset relative to the center line of the cylinder, the pressure reducing valve comprises an upper valve sleeve (2), a middle valve sleeve (14), a lower valve sleeve (16), a metal diaphragm (10) and a slide valve (15), the pressure reducing valve comprises a first spring (3), a first adjusting screw (6), a first nut (5), an upper spring seat (4), a lower spring seat (9) and a first valve seat (24), wherein the central lines of all parts are on the same axis, a lower cylinder body of a lower valve sleeve (16) is matched with corresponding holes in a sliding manner, an annular groove (b) is formed in the outer circle, a plurality of longitudinal grooves (a) are formed in a lower flat cylinder, the lower end of the lower flat cylinder with a slightly larger diameter at the upper end of the lower valve sleeve (16) abuts against the end face of the corresponding hole, a stepped blind hole with a larger diameter at the upper part and a smaller diameter at the lower part is formed in the center of the lower valve sleeve (16), and the annular groove (b) is communicated with a high-pressure cavity (Z1) of the pressure reducing valve through four radial holes (g) in the cylinder wall above the annular groove; the outer circle of the middle valve sleeve (14) is matched with a corresponding hole in a sliding mode, an O-shaped sealing ring II (22) and an O-shaped sealing ring III (25) are arranged, a circular concave pit is formed in the upper portion of the middle valve sleeve, a second-order stepped hole is formed in the lower portion of the middle valve sleeve, a large hole of the stepped hole is matched with a flat circular column at the upper end of the lower valve sleeve (16) in a sliding mode, a valve seat I (24) is tightly matched in a middle hole, the valve seat I (24) is made of polyimide resin with low hardness, a conical hole is formed in the lower portion of an inner hole of the valve seat I (24), and the diameter of the inner hole is the same as that of a plunger at the lower portion of the sliding valve (15); four radial holes II (n) are uniformly distributed on the small hole cylinder wall of the stepped hole of the middle valve sleeve (14), and the outer openings of the radial holes II (n) are provided with annular grooves; the external thread of the upper valve sleeve (2) is screwed in the corresponding screw hole of the valve body (1), and a metal diaphragm (10) with a hole in the center is compressed between the upper sliding sleeve (2) and the middle valve sleeve (14); the top end of the upper sliding sleeve (2) is provided with a first adjusting screw (6), an upper spring seat (4) and a lower spring seat (9) are arranged in the inner cavity, and a first spring (3) is arranged between the upper spring seat and the lower spring seat; the lower section of the slide valve (15) is a plunger, the middle section is a cone, the upper section is a small shaft, the top end is a connecting screw, the plunger is matched in a corresponding hole of the lower slide sleeve (16) in a sliding way, the bottom surface is provided with a pit, the excircle is provided with a plurality of annular pressure equalizing grooves, and the lower end is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring IV (17); the conicity of the middle section cone is the same as that of a conical hole below the valve seat I (24), the conical hole and the conical hole form a pressure reducing valve port V1, a connecting screw at the top end penetrates through a hole in the centers of the sealing gasket I (13), the metal diaphragm (10) and the lower spring seat (9) and is connected into a whole by a nut II (8), a blind hole m from bottom to top is formed in the center of the sliding valve (15), and a radial hole III (h) communicated with the sliding valve is formed in the upper section small shaft.

4. The ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve and the stop valve are arranged at the right upper part of a cuboid of the valve body (1), the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve and the stop valve are both arranged in a valve sleeve I (28), the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve comprises a valve sleeve I (28), a valve core I (29) and a spring II (30), the central lines of all parts are on the same axis, the excircle of the valve sleeve I (28) is matched with a corresponding hole of the cuboid of the valve body (1) in a sliding way and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring V (56) and is screwed in a corresponding screw hole of the valve body (1), the center of the inner hole is a shaft hole I (y), the left end of the shaft hole I (y) is communicated with a shaft hole II (p) through a taper hole, the major diameter of the left end of the valve core I (29) is movably matched in the shaft hole II (p), a plurality of pressure equalizing grooves are arranged on the major diameter, the top end of a right minor shaft is a frustum, the taper angle of the frustum is the same as that of the taper hole, the taper angle of the taper hole is formed by the two, namely, the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve port V2 can be formed by rotating the valve sleeve I (28) and adjusting the steady flow pressure stabilizing valve port (V2), after adjustment, the conical end screw is used for fastening; a step hole is formed in the center of the first valve core (29), four radial holes (q) are uniformly distributed on the hole wall of the small hole of the step hole and used for communicating the step hole with the first valve cavity (Z2), and the second spring (30) is arranged between the top surface of the second shaft hole (p) and shoulder blades of the first valve core (29); the right end of the first shaft hole (y) is provided with a third shaft hole (r), the wall of the third shaft hole (r) is provided with four uniformly distributed radial holes (five(s), and the outer diameter of the outer opening of each radial hole (five(s) is provided with an annular groove; and a stepped adjusting screw II (26) is arranged in the shaft hole III (r) and is consistent with the central line of the valve sleeve I (28), the external thread at the right end is screwed with the corresponding internal thread of the valve sleeve I (28), the small shaft at the left end is in sliding fit with the shaft hole III (r) and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring six (27), the top end of the small shaft is provided with a frustum, the taper angle of the frustum is the same as the taper angle of the chamfer angle at the right end of the shaft hole I (y), and the two components form a valve port (V3) of the stop valve.

5. The ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the electromagnetic valve is arranged at the right lower part of the cuboid, the electromagnetic valve comprises an electromagnet (49) and a second valve seat (55), a cylinder body of the electromagnet (49) is matched with a corresponding hole on the cuboid in a sliding manner, a sealing ring is arranged and positioned by a second check ring (50), and an outgoing cable penetrates through the hole at the bottom of the cuboid and is fixed by a lead sealing joint; a concave pit is arranged on the end face of the circular ring in front of the armature of the electromagnet (49), and a third sealing gasket (51) fixed by a first screw (52) is arranged in the concave pit; the second valve seat (55) is screwed in a corresponding screw hole of the cuboid, a cylinder with a slightly smaller diameter at the middle part is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring seventh (54), the top end of the cylinder is provided with a small frustum, the center of the second valve seat (55) is provided with a stepped hole, the small hole of the stepped hole enables the top surface of the small frustum at the top end to form an annular edge, the annular edge and the third sealing gasket (51) form a solenoid valve port (V4), a gas outlet filter core (53) is arranged in a middle hole of the stepped hole and is positioned by a check ring, and a gas outlet hole (B1) is arranged in a large hole of the stepped hole; the electromagnetic valve is normally closed, and when the electromagnetic valve is not electrified, the armature iron closes a valve port (V4) of the electromagnetic valve under the action of a spring inside the electromagnet; the opening degree of the valve port (V4) of the electromagnetic valve can be adjusted by rotating the second valve seat (55), and the valve port is fastened by a conical end screw after being adjusted.

6. The ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the inflation check valve is arranged at the middle lower part of the left side of the cuboid, the inflation check valve comprises an inflation valve sleeve (38), a spring four (41) and a valve core two (40), the central lines of all parts are on the same axis, external threads on the major diameter of the inflation valve sleeve (38) are screwed with corresponding internal threads on the cuboid, the minor diameter is matched with a corresponding hole in a sliding manner, a sealing ring is arranged, the left end of a shaft hole four (x) at the center of an inner hole is a stepped hole, internal threads are arranged in a large hole, an inflation inlet filter element (39) is arranged in the small hole and is positioned by a check ring, a groove is arranged at the hole bottom of the right end of the shaft hole four (x), the valve core two (40) is dynamically matched in the hole, the left end of the valve core two (40) is a frustum, the taper of the frustum is the same as the taper of the chamfer angle of the right end of the shaft hole four (x), the frustum and the two form a check valve port (V6) of the check valve, the spring four (41) is arranged in the blind hole at the center, four through holes are uniformly distributed on the wall of the left end of the blind hole, four uniformly distributed through holes are arranged on the wall of the inflating valve sleeve (38), and an annular groove is arranged on the excircle of the outer opening of each through hole.

7. The ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the overpressure safety valve and the overheating safety valve are arranged at the upper left of the cuboid and are designed into a whole, the overpressure safety valve and the overheating safety valve comprise a valve sleeve II (35), a valve core IV (37), a spring III (36), a piston (34), a fusible plug block (33), an adjusting stud (31) and a locking nut I (32), and the central lines of all parts are located on the same axis; the external thread of the second valve sleeve (35) is screwed with the internal thread of the corresponding hole, the lower cylinder is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, a sealing ring is arranged at the chamfer of the bottom end, a stepped hole is formed in the center, the internal thread is arranged in the large hole of the stepped hole, and a piston (34) is matched in the small hole in a sliding way; a third spring (36) is arranged between the upper plane of the lower cone of the fourth valve core (37) and the lower end face of the piston (34), the taper of the cone at the lower end part of the fourth valve core (37) is the same as the taper of a chamfer above the central hole (i) of the bottom wall of the second valve sleeve (35), the two taper form a safety valve port (V5), and the handle end of the fourth valve core (37) is loosely matched in a blind hole at the bottom end of the piston (34); the external thread of the adjusting stud (31) is screwed in the internal thread of the large hole of the valve sleeve II (35), the top end of the adjusting stud is provided with a hexagon socket, the bottom end of the adjusting stud is provided with a pit, the center of the adjusting stud is provided with a communication hole (w), a fusible plug block (33) is arranged in the pit, the wall of the valve sleeve II (35) is provided with four uniformly distributed through holes, and the outer diameter of the outer opening of each through hole is provided with an annular groove communicated with a discharge hole (B4).

8. The ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the air release valve is arranged at the left lower part of the cuboid and comprises a valve seat III (44), a screw II (47), a valve core III (43), a spring V (48) and a locking nut II (46), and the central lines of all parts are positioned on the same axis; an external thread on the major diameter of a valve seat III (44) is screwed with an internal thread of a corresponding hole, a small cylinder is matched with the corresponding hole in a sliding way, an O-shaped sealing ring VIII (42) is arranged at the chamfer of the top end, the diameters of two ends of an inner hole are large, the diameter of the middle of the inner hole is small, an annular groove is arranged at the bottom of the upper hole, a valve core III (43) is movably matched in the hole, the taper of a frustum at the lower end of the valve core III (43) is the same as that of a chamfer above a small hole at the middle section, the two taper form a valve port (V7) of a gas release valve, a spring V (48) is arranged in a blind hole of the valve core III (43), and four uniformly distributed through holes are arranged on the wall of the bottom of the blind hole; the internal thread in the lower hole is screwed with the external thread of the second screw (47), a small cylinder above the second screw (47) is matched with a small hole in the middle section of the third valve seat (44) in a sliding way, an O-shaped sealing ring ninth (45) is arranged, and the top surface of the small shaft at the top end is opposite to the top surface of the frustum of the third valve core (43) and is not in contact at ordinary times; the middle part of the cylinder wall of the valve seat III (44) is provided with four uniformly distributed through holes, and the outer diameter of the outer opening of each through hole is provided with an annular groove which is communicated with an air vent (B3).

9. The ultrahigh-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the other side of the cylinder of the valve body (1) is also provided with a longitudinal hole (z 1) and a transverse hole (z 2), the lower end of the longitudinal hole (z 1) is in threaded connection with the temperature sensor (20) and is sealed by a second sealing gasket (21), and the lead of the second sealing gasket passes through the longitudinal hole (z 1) and the transverse hole (z 2) to be led out of the combined valve and is fixed by a lead sealing joint (23).