CN113131606A - Low-power consumption major-minor power supply automatic switching circuit - Google Patents

Low-power consumption major-minor power supply automatic switching circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113131606A
CN113131606A CN202110552058.7A CN202110552058A CN113131606A CN 113131606 A CN113131606 A CN 113131606A CN 202110552058 A CN202110552058 A CN 202110552058A CN 113131606 A CN113131606 A CN 113131606A
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Prior art keywords
power supply
module
output
supply module
main
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CN202110552058.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋佳杨
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Zhejiang Hangxin Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Hangxin Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110552058.7A priority Critical patent/CN113131606A/en
Publication of CN113131606A publication Critical patent/CN113131606A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a low-power-consumption automatic switching circuit of a main power supply and an auxiliary power supply, which comprises a main power supply module, a power supply switching module, an auxiliary power supply module and a power supply output module, wherein the output end of the main power supply module is connected with the first end of the power supply switching module, the output end of the auxiliary power supply module is connected with the second end of the power supply switching module, the input end of the power supply output module is connected with the third end of the power supply switching module, and the power supply output module comprises: the power supply switching module is used for realizing automatic switching of the main power supply module and the auxiliary power supply module through the MOS tube, when the main power supply module is connected with a power supply, the power supply output module is connected with the auxiliary power supply module through the power supply switching module to output the voltage of the main power supply module, and when the main power supply module is not connected with the power supply, the power supply output module is connected with the auxiliary power supply module through the power supply switching module to output the voltage of the auxiliary power supply module. The embodiment of the invention ensures that the whole circuit has almost no voltage drop, and reduces the loss of the whole circuit.

Description

Low-power consumption major-minor power supply automatic switching circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to an automatic switching circuit of a low-power-consumption main power supply and an auxiliary power supply.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, an external power source VUSBUsing internal power supply V when not connectedBATAnd after the external power supply is connected, the external power supply is automatically switched to the external power supply for supplying power, and the internal power supply is automatically disconnected. This circuit has a drawback in that the input voltage cannot be perfectly equal to the output voltage V because of the voltage drop of the diode D1 in the middleCCResulting in large losses in the circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an automatic switching circuit for low power consumption main and auxiliary power supplies.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a low power consumption main and auxiliary power supply automatic switching circuit, the method including: main power supply module, power switching module, secondary power supply module and power output module, main power supply module's output with the first end of power switching module is connected, secondary power supply module's output with the second end of power switching module is connected, power output module's input with the third end of power switching module is connected, wherein:
the power supply switching module is used for realizing automatic switching of the main power supply module and the auxiliary power supply module through MOS tubes, when the main power supply module is powered on, the power supply output module is connected with the main power supply module through the power supply switching module and outputs the voltage of the main power supply module, and when the main power supply module is not powered on, the power supply output module is connected with the auxiliary power supply module through the power supply switching module and outputs the voltage of the auxiliary power supply module.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, preferably, the power switching module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor, and a third MOS transistor, where the first MOS transistor is of an N-channel type, and the second MOS transistor and the third MOS transistor are of a P-channel type, where:
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with a ground wire;
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the ground wire;
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS tube, and the grid electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first MOS tube;
the output end of the auxiliary power supply module is connected with the drain electrode of the second MOS tube, the grid electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the source electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the third MOS tube;
one end of the second resistor is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the third MOS tube;
and the input end of the power output module is connected with one end of the second resistor.
The low-power-consumption automatic switching circuit for the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply skillfully utilizes the principle that a body diode of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube is in forward conduction and reverse cut-off, and the adopted MOS tube has a low-voltage grid and very low on-resistance characteristics to realize the automatic switching function, so that the whole circuit almost has no voltage drop, and the loss of the whole circuit is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a primary-secondary power switching circuit provided in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an automatic switching circuit of a low power consumption primary and secondary power supplies according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an automatic switching circuit of a low power consumption primary and secondary power sources according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a current path when the main power module is turned on according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current path when the secondary power module is turned on according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The main and auxiliary power supply switching circuits provided in the prior art basically have diode drop and resistance power consumption, and are suitable for the conditions that the main and auxiliary power supply voltages are different and the voltage requirement is not high as shown in fig. 1.
The embodiment of the invention provides a low-power-consumption automatic switching circuit of a main power supply and an auxiliary power supply, as shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the following steps: main power supply module, power switching module, secondary power supply module and power output module, main power supply module's output with the first end of power switching module is connected, secondary power supply module's output with the second end of power switching module is connected, power output module's input with the third end of power switching module is connected, wherein:
the power supply switching module is used for realizing automatic switching of the main power supply module and the auxiliary power supply module through MOS tubes, when the main power supply module is powered on, the power supply output module is connected with the main power supply module through the power supply switching module and outputs the voltage of the main power supply module, and when the main power supply module is not powered on, the power supply output module is connected with the auxiliary power supply module through the power supply switching module and outputs the voltage of the auxiliary power supply module.
Specifically, the low-power-consumption automatic switching circuit for the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply in the embodiment of the invention is composed of four modules, namely a main power supply module, a power supply switching module, an auxiliary power supply module and a power supply output module, wherein each module is responsible for different functions, the main power supply module is used for providing main power supply voltage, the auxiliary power supply module is used for providing auxiliary power supply voltage, and the power supply switching module is used for realizing autonomous switching between the main power supply module and the auxiliary power supply module.
When voltage is connected to the end of the main power supply module, the power supply switching module is connected with the main power supply module, so that the main power supply module serves as an output power supply, and the auxiliary power supply module is automatically cut off. When the main power supply module is not connected with a power supply or is disconnected, the power supply switching module is automatically switched into the auxiliary power supply module, and the auxiliary power supply module is used as an output power supply.
In addition, the power supply switching module in the embodiment of the invention realizes the switching function of the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit by using the MOS tube, and the MOS tube has the characteristics of low-voltage grid and low on-resistance, so that the whole circuit has almost no voltage drop.
The low-power-consumption automatic switching circuit for the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply skillfully utilizes the principle that a body diode of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube is in forward conduction and reverse cut-off, and the adopted MOS tube has a low-voltage grid and very low on-resistance characteristics to realize the automatic switching function, so that the whole circuit almost has no voltage drop, and the loss of the whole circuit is reduced.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a low-power consumption automatic switching circuit for a primary power supply and a secondary power supply, as shown in fig. 3, specifically, the power supply switching module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor, and a third MOS transistor, where the first MOS transistor is of an N-channel type, and the second MOS transistor and the third MOS transistor are of a P-channel type, where:
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with a ground wire;
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the ground wire;
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS tube, and the grid electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first MOS tube;
the output end of the auxiliary power supply module is connected with the drain electrode of the second MOS tube, the grid electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the source electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the third MOS tube;
one end of the second resistor is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the third MOS tube;
and the input end of the power output module is connected with one end of the second resistor.
As shown in fig. 3, the main power module is VBUSVice versaThe power supply module is VBATThe output power supply module is VCCThe power supply switching module comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a first MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor, a second MOS transistor and a third MOS transistor, wherein the first resistor is R301, the second resistor is R302, the first MOS transistor is Q301, the second MOS transistor is Q302, and the third MOS transistor is Q303.
The working principle of the circuit is as follows:
when the main power module VBUSWhen the connected voltage is greater than the breakover voltage of the MOS tube, V in the embodiment of the inventionBUSThe voltage of the switch-in is 4.2V no matter the secondary power supply module VBATWhether the voltage is high or not, the output voltage is all from VBUSSupplied via Q303 when VBUSWhen the circuit is disconnected, the output voltage is changed from VBATThe output voltage is equal to the input voltage because the MOS transistor Rds is small and the voltage drop is negligible, as provided by Q302.
When V is shown in FIG. 4BUSWhen it is equal to 4.2V, no matter VBATThe output voltage is high or low, because the S level of the Q303 is high (the body diode is in a conducting state), the NMOS Q301 is turned on, the gate of the Q303 is pulled low, the Q303 is turned on, the body diode of the Q303 is short-circuited and failed, G, S of the Q302 is high, the Q302 is in an off state, and the output voltage is VBUSThe power consumption of the whole circuit is the power consumption of R301 and R302 (when the resistance is selected to be hundreds of kilo-ohms, the power consumption is in microampere level) provided by Q303.
When V is shown in FIG. 5BUSWhen it is equal to 0V, VBATThe high level is Q301 is turned off, Q303 is not conducted, the grid of Q302 is pulled low, the S level of Q302 is high level (the body diode is in a conducting state), so that Q302 is conducted, the body diode of Q302 is short-circuited and failed, and the output voltage is VBATProvided by Q302.
The invention skillfully utilizes the forward conduction and reverse cutoff principle of the body diode of the MOS tube, MOSFETs Q301, Q302 and Q303 should have low-voltage grids and very low on-resistance characteristics, and the circuit has the great advantage that the whole circuit almost has no voltage drop. Certainly, when the current is very large, in addition, the opening and the closing of the three MOS tubes are skillfully controlled, and the automatic switching of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply is realized with the maximum efficiency.
In addition, the invention realizes the automatic switching of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply with extremely low cost and high efficiency, the power consumption of the whole circuit is almost zero, R301 and R302 do not generate power consumption and basically reach zero loss, and under the condition of low cost control, the efficiency is greatly improved, and the voltage drop caused by diodes and the loss generated by resistance are completely avoided.
The above-described embodiments of the electronic device and the like are merely illustrative, and units illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the various embodiments or some parts of the methods of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A low-power consumption main and auxiliary power supply automatic switching circuit is characterized by comprising: main power supply module, power switching module, secondary power supply module and power output module, main power supply module's output with the first end of power switching module is connected, secondary power supply module's output with the second end of power switching module is connected, power output module's input with the third end of power switching module is connected, wherein:
the power supply switching module is used for realizing automatic switching of the main power supply module and the auxiliary power supply module through MOS tubes, when the main power supply module is powered on, the power supply output module is connected with the main power supply module through the power supply switching module and outputs the voltage of the main power supply module, and when the main power supply module is not powered on, the power supply output module is connected with the auxiliary power supply module through the power supply switching module and outputs the voltage of the auxiliary power supply module.
2. The automatic switching circuit of low power consumption main and auxiliary power supplies of claim 1, wherein the power switching module comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor and a third MOS transistor, the first MOS transistor is of an N-channel type, and the second MOS transistor and the third MOS transistor are of a P-channel type, wherein:
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with a ground wire;
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the ground wire;
the output end of the main power supply module is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS tube, and the grid electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first MOS tube;
the output end of the auxiliary power supply module is connected with the drain electrode of the second MOS tube, the grid electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the source electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the third MOS tube;
one end of the second resistor is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the third MOS tube;
and the input end of the power output module is connected with one end of the second resistor.
CN202110552058.7A 2021-05-20 2021-05-20 Low-power consumption major-minor power supply automatic switching circuit Pending CN113131606A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110552058.7A CN113131606A (en) 2021-05-20 2021-05-20 Low-power consumption major-minor power supply automatic switching circuit

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114189040A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-15 福州物联网开放实验室有限公司 Dual-power switching circuit and power supply equipment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190052122A1 (en) * 2017-08-08 2019-02-14 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Uninterruptible power supply
CN209086778U (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-07-09 浙江航芯科技有限公司 A kind of low consumption circuit of multichannel input suspend mode and wake-up
CN112467868A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-09 芜湖华沅微电子有限公司 Multi-power supply switching circuit and method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190052122A1 (en) * 2017-08-08 2019-02-14 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Uninterruptible power supply
CN209086778U (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-07-09 浙江航芯科技有限公司 A kind of low consumption circuit of multichannel input suspend mode and wake-up
CN112467868A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-09 芜湖华沅微电子有限公司 Multi-power supply switching circuit and method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114189040A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-15 福州物联网开放实验室有限公司 Dual-power switching circuit and power supply equipment

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