CN113130110A - Purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater - Google Patents
Purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN113130110A CN113130110A CN202110262458.4A CN202110262458A CN113130110A CN 113130110 A CN113130110 A CN 113130110A CN 202110262458 A CN202110262458 A CN 202110262458A CN 113130110 A CN113130110 A CN 113130110A
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- uranium
- copper sulfide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/08—Processing by evaporation; by distillation
Abstract
The invention discloses a purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater, which comprises the following steps: the construction is used for the double-layer evaporation plant in 2D water route of splendid attire uranium-bearing emissive waste water, adopt the porous orderly ultralight copper sulfide aerogel of functionalization as the upper strata material, lower floor's material adopts the hydroscopicity cellulose, place the device in the sufficient department of illumination, absorb solar energy by the porous orderly ultralight copper sulfide aerogel of functionalization, and the high efficiency turns into heat energy, evaporate the uranium-bearing emissive waste water in the device, carry out the selectivity separation to the uranium in the waste water simultaneously, the completion is to the volume reduction purification of uranium-bearing emissive waste water. The 2D waterway double-layer evaporation device with a unique structure is designed, and the porous ordered copper sulfide aerogel with broadband solar energy absorption, accurate thermal positioning, corrosion resistance and irradiation resistance is utilized to obtain high-efficiency interface photothermal steam efficiency and selective enrichment and separation of uranium, so that the device has the advantages of simplicity in operation, environmental friendliness, energy conservation and high treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radioactive wastewater treatment, in particular to a purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater.
Background
With the development of nuclear industry, more and more radioactive wastewater is inevitably generated, and the traditional process for treating the radioactive wastewater has the defects of secondary waste generation, non-ideal purification effect, overlarge energy consumption and the like. Therefore, the search for an efficient, cheap and environment-friendly technology to replace the traditional materials and process technology is a problem to be solved urgently in the nuclear energy industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for purifying uranium-containing radioactive wastewater, which can utilize solar energy to carry out high-efficiency and high-removal-rate volume reduction purification on complex and various radioactive wastewater, and has the advantages of simple operation, environmental protection, energy conservation and high treatment efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater comprises the following steps: the construction is used for the double-layer evaporation plant in 2D water route of splendid attire uranium-bearing emissive waste water, adopt porous orderly ultralight copper sulfide aerogel as the upper strata material, lower floor's material adopts the hydroscopicity cellulose, arrange the device in the sufficient department of illumination, absorb solar energy by porous orderly ultralight copper sulfide aerogel, and the high efficiency turns into heat energy, evaporate the uranium-bearing emissive waste water in the device, carry out the selectivity to the uranium in the waste water simultaneously and separate, accomplish the volume reduction purification to uranium-bearing emissive waste water.
In a further technical scheme, a layer of polystyrene foam is wrapped outside the double-layer evaporation device of the 2D water path to serve as a heat insulation material, so that the purposes of reducing heat energy loss and improving evaporation efficiency are achieved.
In a further technical scheme, before the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel is used as an upper layer material, acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride are used for grafting amidoxime groups with different quantities, and the functionalization modification treatment is carried out.
In a further technical scheme, the method for grafting amidoxime groups with different amounts by using acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a monomer solution of acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride by adopting an organic solvent, placing the monomer solution in a closed reaction container, and replacing air in the reaction container with nitrogen;
s2, adding the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel into a reaction container under the protection of nitrogen, completely immersing the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel into a monomer solution, introducing nitrogen, fully contacting the monomer solution and the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel, and reacting at constant temperature for 6-10 hours;
and S3, stopping nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the functionalized porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel.
In a further technical scheme, in the step S2, the addition amount of acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride is 1% -5% of the total weight of the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel.
In a further embodiment, in step S2, the temperature of the grafting reaction is maintained at 50 ℃ to 80 ℃.
In a further technical scheme, in step S1, an initiator and a cross-linking inhibitor are further added to the monomer solution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the 2D waterway double-layer evaporation device with a unique structure is designed, and the porous ordered copper sulfide aerogel with broadband solar energy absorption, accurate thermal positioning, corrosion resistance and irradiation resistance is utilized to obtain high-efficiency interface photothermal steam efficiency and selective enrichment and separation of uranium, so that the device has the advantages of simplicity in operation, environmental friendliness, energy conservation and high treatment efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the formation of an aerogel according to example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
example 1:
a preparation method of a porous ordered high-efficiency photothermal conversion material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 100ml of deionized water into a 200ml beaker, performing magnetic stirring at a stirring speed of 1500r/min, taking 1.2g of copper sulfide and 1.5g of konjac glucomannan, uniformly grinding in a mortar, adding into the beaker, and continuing to perform magnetic stirring for 24 hours (1500 r/min);
s2, pouring the stirred colloid into a plastic cup, then transferring the plastic cup to a refrigerator, freezing for 72h, freezing into a solid, and then drying the material by using a freeze drying oven for 72h to convert the solid into a sponge aerogel form, as shown in figure 1;
s3, transferring the aerogel obtained in the step S2 to a polytetrafluoroethylene lining reaction kettle, adding 100ml of 3.5% potassium hydroxide solution and 100ml of ethanol solution, and drying in a drying oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours to complete the deacetylation treatment of the aerogel;
s4, soaking the deacetylated sample in excessive deionized water for 24 hours, transferring to a refrigerator for freezing for 72 hours, and transferring to a freeze drying oven for drying for 72 hours to obtain copper sulfide aerogel;
s5, grafting amidoxime groups with different quantities on the obtained copper sulfide aerogel by using acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride to obtain the required functionalized porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel.
In this example, the weight ratio of copper sulfide to konjac glucomannan is:
copper sulfide: konjac glucomannan 4: 5.
in another embodiment, 1.2g of copper sulfide and 1.6g of konjac glucomannan are used as raw materials, and the weight ratio of the copper sulfide to the konjac glucomannan is as follows:
copper sulfide: konjac glucomannan 3: 4.
in another embodiment, 1.2g of copper sulfide and 1.4g of konjac glucomannan are used as raw materials, and the weight ratio of the copper sulfide to the konjac glucomannan is as follows:
copper sulfide: konjac glucomannan ═ 6: 7.
the porous ordered efficient photothermal conversion material prepared by the embodiment is used for treating uranium-containing emissive wastewater, and relevant performance indexes of the material are determined and compared with the performance indexes of the prior art as follows:
example 2:
a purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater comprises the following steps: the construction is used for the double-layer evaporation plant in 2D water route of splendid attire uranium-containing emissive waste water, adopts the porous orderly ultralight copper sulfide aerogel of functionalization that embodiment 1 made as the upper strata material, and lower floor's material adopts the hydroscopicity cellulose to wrap up one deck polystyrene foam as thermal insulation material in 2D water route double-layer evaporation plant's the outside, reach the purpose that reduces heat energy loss, improvement evaporation efficiency. Place the device in sufficient department of illumination, absorb solar energy by the porous orderly ultralight copper sulfide aerogel of functionalization to the high efficiency turns into heat energy, evaporates the uranium-bearing emission nature waste water in the device, carries out the selectivity separation to the uranium in the waste water simultaneously, accomplishes the volume reduction purification to uranium-bearing emission nature waste water.
Example 3:
the method for grafting amidoxime groups with different quantities on the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel by using acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a monomer solution of acrylonitrile, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, an initiator and a cross-linking inhibitor by using an organic solvent, placing the monomer solution in a closed reaction container, and replacing air in the reaction container with nitrogen;
s2, adding the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel into a reaction container under the protection of nitrogen, so that the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel is completely immersed in a monomer solution, wherein the addition amount of acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride is 1% -5% of the total weight of the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel, introducing nitrogen, so that the monomer solution and the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel are fully contacted, and reacting at the constant temperature of 50-80 ℃ for 6-10 hours;
and S3, stopping nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the functionalized porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction is used for the double-layer evaporation plant in 2D water route of splendid attire uranium-bearing emissive waste water, adopt porous orderly ultralight copper sulfide aerogel as the upper strata material, lower floor's material adopts the hydroscopicity cellulose, arrange the device in the sufficient department of illumination, absorb solar energy by porous orderly ultralight copper sulfide aerogel, and the high efficiency turns into heat energy, evaporate the uranium-bearing emissive waste water in the device, carry out the selectivity to the uranium in the waste water simultaneously and separate, accomplish the volume reduction purification to uranium-bearing emissive waste water.
2. A purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater according to claim 1, wherein a layer of polystyrene foam is wrapped outside the 2D waterway double-layer evaporation device to serve as a heat insulation material.
3. The method for purifying and treating radioactive wastewater containing uranium according to claim 1, wherein before being used as an upper layer material, the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel is subjected to functionalization modification treatment by grafting amidoxime groups with different amounts by using acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride are used to graft different amounts of amidoxime groups as follows:
s1, preparing a monomer solution of acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride by adopting an organic solvent, placing the monomer solution in a closed reaction container, and replacing air in the reaction container with nitrogen;
s2, adding the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel into a reaction container under the protection of nitrogen, completely immersing the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel into a monomer solution, introducing nitrogen, fully contacting the monomer solution and the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel, and reacting at constant temperature for 6-10 hours;
and S3, stopping nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the functionalized porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel.
5. A purification treatment method of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater according to claim 4, wherein in step S2, the addition amount of acrylonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride is 1% -5% of the total weight of the porous ordered ultra-light copper sulfide aerogel.
6. A method according to claim 4, wherein in step S2, the temperature of the grafting reaction is maintained at 50-80 ℃.
7. A method according to claim 4, wherein in step S1, an initiator and a cross-linking inhibitor are added to the monomer solution.
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