CN113125274A - Rock internal capillary action fluctuation test device and method under suction control - Google Patents
Rock internal capillary action fluctuation test device and method under suction control Download PDFInfo
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- CN113125274A CN113125274A CN202110535395.5A CN202110535395A CN113125274A CN 113125274 A CN113125274 A CN 113125274A CN 202110535395 A CN202110535395 A CN 202110535395A CN 113125274 A CN113125274 A CN 113125274A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
- G01N5/025—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content for determining moisture content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of rock capillary action strength test devices, and provides a device and a method for testing rock internal capillary action fluctuation under suction control, wherein the device comprises a test container and a reaction solution device, a water permeable device, a temperature regulating device and an environmental parameter monitoring device are arranged in the test container, the environmental parameter monitoring device is used for monitoring the temperature, the humidity and the pressure in the test container in real time, and the test container is respectively connected with the pressure regulating device and the humidity regulating device; the water permeable device comprises a water permeable base with two through ends, the water permeable base is made of a water impermeable material, and a permeable stone is arranged in the water permeable base; the device solves the problem that the rock moisture content measuring device in the prior art cannot be used for researching the degradation effect of the capillary action on the rock, the rock absorbs and releases water through the capillary action through pressure regulation, and the process of fracture structure expansion and strength degradation of a rock sample under the capillary action in a natural environment is simulated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock capillary action strength test devices, in particular to a rock internal capillary action fluctuation test device and method under suction control.
Background
Moisture change and migration in the unsaturated geotechnical body are the important factor that influences unsaturated soil body engineering structural performance, and the seepage that precipitation and surface water produced all can lead to the increase of soil body moisture content in the diffusion of groundwater in the soil body under the capillary action to damage of engineering structure is accelerated, produces diseases such as freeze injury, mud jacking.
In practical engineering, unsaturated rock-soil body can generate initial matrix suction force, although the matrix suction force is not obvious and not violent, a small amount of underground water can be gradually sucked into the unsaturated rock-soil body through capillary action, and the process is long in time. However, as time goes on, the water content of the unsaturated soil body is slowly increased, and particularly when the underground water level rises due to some reasons, the path of the capillary action is greatly shortened, the speed and the strength of the capillary action are increased, so that the stability of the soil body is influenced, and even harm is brought under extreme conditions.
The moisture content measuring device in the prior art can feed back the resistance change in the soil body extrusion process in real time through the electrodes which are distributed on the first extrusion disc at equal intervals, so that the moisture content at different positions on the extrusion surface is obtained, and the real-time and continuous feedback of the moisture content in the soil body extrusion process is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the capillary action fluctuation in a rock under suction control, which solve the problem that a rock water content measuring device in the prior art cannot be used for researching the degradation effect of the capillary action on the rock, and enable the rock to absorb and release water due to the capillary action through pressure regulation, so as to simulate the passive water absorption or water loss state of a rock sample under the natural environment due to the influence of the capillary action.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the device comprises a test container and a reaction solution device, wherein a water permeable device, a temperature adjusting device and an environmental parameter monitoring device are arranged in the test container, the environmental parameter device is used for monitoring the temperature, the humidity and the pressure in the test container in real time, the test container is respectively connected with the pressure adjusting device and the humidity adjusting device, and the humidity adjusting device is used for adjusting the humidity in the test container;
the water permeable device comprises a water permeable base with two through ends, the water permeable base is made of a water impermeable material, and a permeable stone is arranged in the water permeable base;
the reaction solution device comprises a liquid supply pipe, one end of the liquid supply pipe is positioned in the test container, one end of the liquid supply pipe positioned in the test container is attached to the bottom end of the permeable stone, and the other end of the liquid supply pipe is respectively connected with the liquid supply system and the liquid receiving system through a three-way valve;
the pressure regulating device comprises a gas regulating system which is communicated with the interior of the test container through a pipeline.
Further, the temperature regulating device comprises an electric heating net.
Further, the humidity adjusting device comprises a humidity adjusting pump, the input end of the humidity adjusting pump is connected with the water vapor supply system, and the output end of the humidity adjusting pump is communicated with the interior of the test container through a pipeline.
Furthermore, the pressure regulating system comprises an air source, the output end of the air source is connected with the air inlet end of the monitoring pipe, and the air outlet end of the monitoring pipe is communicated with the interior of the test container through a pipeline; the monitoring pipe is provided with a high pressure gauge, a low pressure gauge, a pressure reducing valve and an explosion-proof valve.
Further, the material of the water permeable base is water impermeable plastic.
Furthermore, the liquid supply system and the liquid receiving system both comprise electronic balances, reaction solution cups are arranged on the electronic balances and are communicated with the three-way valve through liquid conveying pipes, and speed sensors are arranged on the liquid conveying pipes and are connected with the data acquisition unit.
Furthermore, the test container is made of transparent material and is marked with indication scales
In a second aspect, the scheme also provides a test method of the rock internal capillary fluctuation test device under suction control, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the mass M of the rock sample in a dry state1；
S2, setting the pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the test container (1) as a first preset pressure value, a preset temperature and a preset humidity respectively;
s3, adjusting the three-way valve to enable the liquid supply system to inject the reaction solution into the rock sample to obtain the mass reduction M of the reaction solution in the liquid supply system2；
S4, the pressure in the test edge container is set to be a second preset pressure value, so that the reaction solution in the rock sample enters the liquid receiving system through the three-way valve, and the mass M is taken out of the liquid receiving system in the process that the reaction solution in the rock sample flows to the liquid receiving system4The reaction solution flowing out of the rock sample;
s5, obtaining the mass M increased by the reaction solution in the liquid receiving system after the reaction solution in the rock sample completely enters the liquid receiving system3；
S6 according to rock sample M1Mass M is reduced2Increasing the mass M3And take out mass M4Calculating the water content of the rock sample;
further, the first predetermined pressure value in step S2 is less than the atmospheric pressure.
Further, the second predetermined pressure value in step S5 is greater than the atmospheric pressure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the environment pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the test container are changed through the pressure adjusting device, the temperature adjusting device and the humidity adjusting device, so that a test environment with a temperature field-humidity field-pressure field multi-field coupling is constructed, the rock sample is placed at the top end of the permeable stone and is positioned in the permeable base, when the pressure in the test container is lower than or higher than the atmospheric pressure through the pressure adjusting device, the pressure difference exists between the interior of the test container and the external atmospheric pressure, the rock sample absorbs water or loses water due to the capillary action, and the rock sample can absorb water or loses water under the capillary action with different strengths by adjusting the pressure difference through the pressure adjusting device;
under the environment action of multi-field coupling of a temperature field, a humidity field and a pressure field, the rock sample passively absorbs water under the capillary action with different strengths through the adjustment of an external environment, the effect of artificially adjusting the water content is achieved, and the strength of the capillary action can be observed through a speed sensor (for detecting the speed of a reaction solution entering and exiting the rock sample) arranged in a liquid supply system or a liquid receiving system and the measurement of the water content; the deterioration mechanism of the capillary action on the physical and mechanical properties of the rock can be obtained by carrying out subsequent tests on rock samples after capillary action with different strengths.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rock internal capillary fluctuation test device under suction control.
Wherein, 1, a test container; 2. a water permeable base; 3. a permeable stone; 4. a liquid supply tube; 5. an electric heating net; 6. a humidity adjusting pump; 7. a gas source; 8. monitoring the pipe; 9. an electronic balance; 10. a reaction solution cup; 11. a speed sensor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the scheme provides a rock internal capillary fluctuation test device under suction control, which comprises a test container 1 and a reaction solution device, wherein a water permeable device, a temperature adjusting device and an environmental parameter monitoring device are arranged in the test container 1, the environmental parameter monitoring device is used for monitoring the temperature, the humidity and the pressure in the test container 1 in real time, and the test container 1 is respectively connected with the pressure adjusting device and the humidity adjusting device. According to the temperature, the pressure and the humidity monitored by the environmental parameter device in real time and in combination with the test requirements, the rock sample is enabled to absorb or test water under different test environments through the pressure and pressure adjusting device, the temperature adjusting device and the humidity adjusting device, so that the conditions of the rock sample under the capillary action with different strengths are collected.
As shown in figure 1, test container 1 is transparent material, can observe the moist condition of rock sample in real time, and has carved with on test container 1 and indicate scale 12, and the 0 scale of indicating scale 12 aligns with the low end of rock sample, can observe the height of reaction solution in the rock sample, through transparent material's test container 1 itself, the rock sample can select half to soak or soak the experiment entirely, observes the partial rock mass of contact solution and for the contrast change of contact solution rock mass.
As shown in fig. 1, the water permeable device comprises a water permeable base 2 with two through ends, the water permeable base 2 is made of water-impermeable plastics, the water permeable base 2 can adopt a hollow cylindrical structure, the bottom end of the water permeable base 2 is detachably connected with the test container 1, the water permeable base 2 is made of water-impermeable materials, a water permeable stone 3 is arranged in the water permeable base 2, and the water permeable stone 3 transmits the reaction solution into the rock sample; in conducting the test, the rock sample is located in the permeable base 2, i.e. the diameter of the rock sample is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the permeable stone 3, so as to ensure that the rock sample will not leak sideways when it absorbs or releases water up and down by capillary action.
As shown in fig. 1, the reaction solution device includes a liquid supply pipe 4, one end of the liquid supply pipe 4 is located in the test container 1, and one end of the liquid supply pipe 4 located in the test container 1 is attached to the bottom end of the permeable stone 3, the other end of the liquid supply pipe 4 is connected with the liquid supply system and the liquid receiving system respectively through a three-way valve, the liquid supply system and the liquid receiving system both include an electronic balance 9, a reaction solution cup 10 is arranged on the electronic balance 9, the reaction solution cup 10 is communicated with the three-way valve through a liquid conveying pipe, a speed sensor 11 is arranged on the liquid conveying pipe, and the speed sensor 11 is connected with a. The three-way valve connects the liquid supply pipe 4 with the liquid supply system or the liquid receiving system separately, thereby obtaining the mass of the reaction solution absorbed by the rock sample or the mass of the lost reaction solution, respectively. The velocity sensor 11 can detect the flow rate of the reaction solution, thereby determining the velocity of the reaction solution into and out of the rock sample. The data collector can adopt PLC.
As shown in fig. 1, the pressure regulating device comprises a gas regulating system, the gas regulating system is communicated with the inside of the test container 1 through a pipeline, the pressure regulating system comprises a gas source 7, the output end of the gas source 7 is connected with the gas inlet end of a monitoring tube 8, and the gas outlet end of the monitoring tube 8 is communicated with the inside of the test container 1 through a pipeline; the monitoring pipe 8 is provided with a high pressure gauge, a low pressure gauge, a pressure reducing valve and an explosion-proof valve. The gas source 7 can adopt nitrogen, and the output pressure of the gas source 7 is adjusted through a pressure reducing valve, so that the pressure in the test container 1 is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 1, the humidity adjusting device comprises a humidity adjusting pump 6, an input end of the humidity adjusting pump 6 is connected with a water vapor supply system, and an output end of the humidity adjusting pump 6 is communicated with the inside of the test container 1 through a pipeline; the temperature regulating device comprises an electric heating net 5, and the electric heating net 5 can heat the air in the test container 1 so as to regulate the temperature in the test container.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a test method of a rock internal capillary fluctuation test device under suction control, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the mass M of the rock sample in a dry state1；
S2, setting the pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the test container 1 as a first preset pressure value, a preset temperature and a preset humidity respectively; the first preset pressure value is smaller than the atmospheric pressure, the interior of the test container 1 is in a negative pressure state, and the rock sample absorbs the reaction solution flowing from the liquid supply system through the permeable stone 3 under the action of capillary action;
s3, adjusting the three-way valve to enable the liquid supply system to inject the reaction solution into the rock sample to obtain the mass reduction M of the reaction solution in the liquid supply system2；
S4, the pressure in the test edge container is set to be a second preset pressure value, so that the reaction solution in the rock sample enters the liquid receiving system through the three-way valve, and the mass M is taken out of the liquid receiving system in the process that the reaction solution in the rock sample flows to the liquid receiving system4The reaction solution flowing out of the rock sample; the second preset pressure value is greater than the atmospheric pressure, and the pressure inside the test container 1 and the external atmospheric pressure form a pressure difference, so that the reaction solution in the rock sample is extruded out and flows into the liquid receiving system from the permeable stone 3; the liquid receiving system is provided with a liquid taking port (arranged on the liquid conveying pipe), and the change of the front and back ion species and the quantity of the reaction solution after the capillary action can be monitored through the liquid taking port;
s5, obtaining the mass M increased by the reaction solution in the liquid receiving system after the reaction solution in the rock sample completely enters the liquid receiving system3；
S6, according to the mass M of the rock sample1Mass M is reduced2Taking out the mass M4And increase the mass M3And (3) calculating the water content of the rock sample:
the water content of the rock sample and the reading of the speed sensor can reflect the strength of the capillary action at the moment; the strength of the capillary action can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure change, so that rock samples with different water contents are obtained, and after the rock samples are taken out, next triaxial test can be carried out, so that the degradation characteristic of the capillary action on the rock mass is obtained.
S1 and S2 of the test method can be used for carrying out the infiltration test of the rock sample, when the height of the solution in the rock sample is a preset height, the liquid supply system can not convey the reaction solution to the rock sample through the three-way valve, and then the comparison judgment of the part of the rock sample contacted with the reaction solution and the part of the rock sample not contacted with the reaction solution is observed; the preset height is determined according to test requirements, and the half-soaking or full-soaking test of the rock sample is realized.
Claims (10)
1. A rock internal capillary action fluctuation test device under suction control is characterized by comprising a test container (1) and a reaction solution device, wherein a water permeable device, a temperature adjusting device and an environmental parameter monitoring device are arranged in the test container (1), the environmental parameter device is used for monitoring the temperature, the humidity and the pressure in the test container (1) in real time, the test container (1) is respectively connected with the pressure adjusting device and the humidity adjusting device, and the humidity adjusting device is used for adjusting the humidity in the test container (1);
the water permeable device comprises a water permeable base (2) with two through ends, the water permeable base (2) is made of a water impermeable material, and a water permeable stone (3) is arranged in the water permeable base (2);
the reaction solution device comprises a liquid supply pipe (4), one end of the liquid supply pipe (4) is positioned in the test container (1), one end of the liquid supply pipe (4) positioned in the test container (1) is attached to the bottom end of the permeable stone (3), and the other end of the liquid supply pipe (4) is connected with a liquid supply system and a liquid receiving system through a three-way valve respectively;
the pressure regulating device comprises a gas regulating system which is communicated with the interior of the test container (1) through a pipeline.
2. The apparatus for testing internal capillary fluctuations in rock under control of suction force according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature regulating means comprises an electric heating grid (5).
3. The device for testing internal capillary fluctuation of rock under suction control according to claim 1, wherein the humidity control device comprises a humidity control pump (6), an input end of the humidity control pump (6) is connected with a water vapor supply system, and an output end of the humidity control pump (6) is communicated with the inside of the test container (1) through a pipeline.
4. The suction-controlled rock internal capillary fluctuation test device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure regulation system comprises a gas source (7), an output end of the gas source (7) is connected with a gas inlet end of a monitoring pipe (8), and a gas outlet end of the monitoring pipe (8) is communicated with the inside of the test container (1) through a pipeline; and the monitoring pipe (8) is provided with a high-pressure meter, a low-pressure meter, a pressure reducing valve and an explosion-proof valve.
5. The device for testing internal rock capillary fluctuation under suction control according to claim 1, wherein the water-permeable base (2) is made of water-impermeable plastic.
6. The suction-controlled rock internal capillary fluctuation test device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid supply system and the liquid collection system each comprise an electronic balance (9), a reaction solution cup (10) is arranged on the electronic balance (9), the reaction solution cup (10) is communicated with the three-way valve through a liquid conveying pipe, a speed sensor (11) is arranged on the liquid conveying pipe, and the speed sensor (11) is connected with a data acquisition unit.
7. The device for testing the capillary fluctuation in the rock under the control of the suction force according to claim 1, wherein the test container (1) is made of a transparent material, and the test container (1) is marked with an indication scale (12).
8. A method for testing a rock internal capillary fluctuation test apparatus under suction control according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, measuring the mass M of the rock sample in a dry state1；
S2, setting the pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the test container (1) as a first preset pressure value, a preset temperature and a preset humidity respectively;
s3, adjusting the three-way valve to enable the liquid supply system to inject the reaction solution into the rock sample to obtain the mass reduction M of the reaction solution in the liquid supply system2；
S4, the pressure in the test edge container is set to be a second preset pressure value, so that the reaction solution in the rock sample enters the liquid receiving system through the three-way valve, and the mass M is taken out of the liquid receiving system in the process that the reaction solution in the rock sample flows to the liquid receiving system4The reaction solution flowing out of the rock sample;
s5, obtaining the mass M increased by the reaction solution in the liquid receiving system after the reaction solution in the rock sample completely enters the liquid receiving system3；
S6 according to rock sample M1Mass M is reduced2Increasing the mass M3And take out mass M4And (3) calculating the water content of the rock sample:
9. the test method of claim 8, wherein the first predetermined pressure value in step S2 is less than atmospheric pressure.
10. The test method of claim 8, wherein the second predetermined pressure value in step S5 is greater than atmospheric pressure.
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