CN113123777A - Large-diameter drilling machine drilling process control method for tunnel collapse rescue - Google Patents
Large-diameter drilling machine drilling process control method for tunnel collapse rescue Download PDFInfo
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- CN113123777A CN113123777A CN201911401961.2A CN201911401961A CN113123777A CN 113123777 A CN113123777 A CN 113123777A CN 201911401961 A CN201911401961 A CN 201911401961A CN 113123777 A CN113123777 A CN 113123777A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 212
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
- E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
- E21B44/04—Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the torque of the drive ; Measuring drilling torque
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B45/00—Measuring the drilling time or rate of penetration
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A large-diameter drilling machine drilling process control method for tunnel collapse rescue comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a data acquisition device is installed on a drilling machine, data acquired by the data acquisition device comprise an actually measured torque borne by an outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine, a down-the-hole hammer stress value, a drilling displacement and a drilling speed in the drilling process, and a standard line of the torque borne by the outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine in the drilling process is preset in the data acquisition device; step two: comparing the actually measured torque with the corresponding value of the standard line; step three: in the drilling process, according to the comparison result of the actual measurement torque and the corresponding value of the standard line, when the error of the actual measurement torque and the corresponding value of the standard line exceeds a threshold value, the drilling speed or the drill bit of the drilling machine is adjusted, so that the error of the actual measurement torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is smaller than or equal to 10%, the actual measurement torque is always smaller than the maximum torque which can be borne by a drill barrel outside the drilling machine, the drilling tool is prevented from being stuck, the drilling tool is protected, and the rescue efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method for a drilling process of a drilling machine, in particular to a control method for a drilling process of a large-diameter drilling machine for tunnel collapse rescue.
Background
Due to the complex geological conditions of the mountain area, the collapse of the highway tunnel of the mountain area occurs occasionally. In the process of tunnel collapse rescue, rescuers often get through a feeding channel or use other life detection instruments to find the positions of trapped people. When the position is determined, the length of the escape passage is determined. The large-diameter drill rescue method is the most advanced tunnel collapse rescue method mainly based on machinery at present, the working principle is that rescue workers use a drill to drill in a tunnel collapse accumulation body, the target displacement of drilling is the length of an escape channel, and by means of the specific design of an inner pipe and an outer pipe of the mechanical drill, when the drill penetrates through the collapse accumulation body, the inner pipe is drawn out to form a safe rescue channel.
However, in the drilling process, the problem of drill jamming caused by the fact that the torque borne by the outer drill cylinder of the drilling machine exceeds the maximum torque capable of being borne by the outer drill cylinder of the drilling machine occurs, the drilling machine is damaged due to drill jamming accidents, the rescue efficiency and the rescue progress are reduced, and the rescue time is delayed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the problem of drill sticking caused by the fact that the torque borne by the outer drill cylinder of the large-diameter drill exceeds the maximum torque which can be borne by the outer drill cylinder of the large-diameter drill occurs in the drilling process, the drill is damaged due to the drill sticking accident, the rescue efficiency and the rescue progress are reduced, and the rescue time is delayed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a large-diameter drilling machine drilling process control method for tunnel collapse rescue comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a data acquisition device is installed on a drilling machine, the data acquired by the data acquisition device comprises the actually measured torque borne by an outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine, the stress value of a down-the-hole hammer, the drilling displacement and the drilling speed in the drilling process, and a standard line of the torque borne by the outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine in the drilling process is preset in the data acquisition device;
step two: comparing the actually measured torque with a corresponding value of the standard line, wherein the corresponding value refers to a corresponding torque value on the standard line under the same drilling displacement;
step three: in the drilling process, according to the comparison result of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line, when the error of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line exceeds a threshold value, the drilling speed or the drill bit of the drilling machine is adjusted, so that the error of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is smaller than or equal to 10%.
The caliber of the large-caliber drilling machine is larger than 600 mm. The standard line is a theoretical line which is made by combining the target displacement of drilling and the maximum torque which can be borne by the drill cylinder outside the drilling machine, the standard line is an oblique line passing through an original point, the initial point of the standard line is the original point, the final point of the standard line is (the target displacement, the maximum torque which can be borne by the drill cylinder outside the drilling machine is multiplied by k%), and the value of k% is 80% -90%. Comparing the actual measurement torque with the torque corresponding to the standard line under the same drilling displacement, and according to the comparison result of the actual measurement torque and the torque corresponding to the standard line, when the error between the actual measurement torque and the corresponding value of the standard line exceeds a threshold value, adjusting the drilling speed or the drill bit of the drilling machine to ensure that the error between the actual measurement torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is less than or equal to 10 percent, so that the actual measurement torque is always less than the maximum torque which can be borne by the external drilling barrel of the drilling machine, and the drilling jamming phenomenon is avoided.
Preferably, in the third step, the threshold is in the range of 8% -10%. The threshold value is set according to the working experience of the inventor in the technical field, in order to prevent the error between the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line from exceeding 10%, when the error between the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line reaches 8% -10%, the drilling speed or the drill bit of the drilling machine is adjusted, and therefore the purpose that the error between the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is smaller than or equal to 10% can be better achieved.
Preferably, in the third step, when the increase rate of the measured torque is less than 0.1 during the drilling process, the measured torque is increased too slowly, which indicates that the drilling accumulation body is loose or a cavity is drilled, and the drilling speed of the drilling machine is increased.
Preferably, in the third step, in the drilling process, when the increase rate of the actual measurement torque is greater than 5 and the ratio of the force bearing value of the down-the-hole hammer to the force bearing value of the initial down-the-hole hammer is 0.9-1.1, the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, after the speed is reduced, the actual measurement torque falls to a greater extent and the increase rate is obviously reduced, which indicates that the actual measurement torque is increased too fast and is caused by too fast drilling speed, and the drilling speed of the drilling machine is continuously reduced until the error between the actual measurement torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is less than or equal to 10%.
Preferably, in the third step, when the stress value of the down-the-hole hammer is increased to 1.1-1.5 times of the stress value of the initial down-the-hole hammer and the increase rate of the actually measured torque is 1.1-1.5 in the drilling process, the drilled accumulation body is judged to be an accumulation body containing more broken stones, and the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced.
Preferably, after the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, when the increase rate of the actually measured torque is still larger than 1.1, the drill bit is replaced, the telescopic drill bit is adopted for crushing operation, and the spiral drill bit is replaced after crushing operation is completed to continue the drilling operation.
Preferably, in the third step, when the stress value of the down-the-hole hammer is increased to 2-3 times of the stress value of the initial down-the-hole hammer and the increase rate of the actually measured torque is 2-3 in the drilling process, the drilling accumulation body is judged to be an accumulation body containing the boulder, and the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced.
Preferably, after the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, when the increase rate of the actually measured torque is still larger than 2, the drill bit is replaced, the telescopic drill bit is adopted for crushing operation, and the spiral drill bit is replaced after crushing operation is completed to continue the drilling operation.
Preferably, in the first step, the data acquisition device is an MWD (measurement while drilling) measurement while drilling device, and the MWD measurement while drilling device can acquire an actually measured torque, a down-the-hole hammer stress value, a drilling displacement and a drilling speed of an outer drill pipe of the drilling machine in a drilling process in real time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention collects the actual measurement torque, the down-the-hole hammer stress value, the drilling displacement and the drilling speed of the drill outer drill cylinder through the data collection device, compares the actual measurement torque with the corresponding value of the standard line of the pre-established torque of the drill outer drill cylinder, judges the working condition and the actual problem of the drilling process by combining the down-the-hole hammer stress value, establishes a corresponding control strategy aiming at the problem, when the error between the actual measurement torque and the corresponding value of the standard line exceeds the threshold value, the drilling speed or the drill bit of the drilling machine is adjusted, so that the error between the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is less than or equal to 10 percent in the drilling process, the actually measured torque is always less than the maximum torque which can be borne by the outer drill cylinder of the drilling machine, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the phenomenon of drill jamming, protecting the drilling tool of the drilling machine, improving the rescue efficiency and greatly saving the rescue time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling a drilling process of a large-diameter drilling machine for rescuing collapse in a tunnel according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of torque experienced by the outer drill sleeve before adjustment for drilling a loose or hollow pile according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the torque experienced by the outer drill sleeve after adjustment for drilling a loose or hollow pile according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a force diagram of the drill down-the-hole hammer of the present invention when the drill rate is too high;
FIG. 5 is a torque curve diagram of the outer drill cylinder before adjustment when the drilling speed of the drilling machine is too high;
FIG. 6 is a torque curve diagram of the outer drill pipe after adjustment when the drilling speed of the drilling machine is too high according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a force diagram of the drill down-the-hole hammer of the present invention when the drill stack contains a large amount of crushed rock;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the torque applied to the outer drill pipe before adjustment when the drilled heap according to the present invention contains a large amount of crushed stones;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the torque applied to the outer drill pipe after adjustment when the drilled heap according to the present invention contains a large amount of crushed stones;
FIG. 10 is a force diagram of the drill down-the-hole hammer of the present invention when drilling a buildup containing boulders;
FIG. 11 is a graph of the torque experienced by the outer drill barrel before adjustment of the present invention when drilling a buildup containing boulders;
FIG. 12 is a graph of torque applied to an outer drill sleeve after adjustment for drilling a buildup containing boulders in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
A method for controlling a drilling process of a large-diameter drilling machine for tunnel collapse rescue comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a data acquisition device is installed on a drilling machine, data acquired by the data acquisition device comprises measured torque, a down-the-hole hammer stress value, drilling displacement and a drilling speed of an outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine in the drilling process, a standard line of the torque of the outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine in the drilling process is preset in the data acquisition device, the standard line is a theoretical line which is set by combining target displacement of drilling and maximum torque which can be borne by the outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine, the standard line is a slope which passes through an original point, the initial point of the standard line is the original point, the terminal point of the standard line is (the target displacement, and the maximum torque which can be borne by the outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine multiplied by k%), and in the embodiment, the k%.
The caliber of the large-caliber drilling machine is larger than 600mm, and the data acquisition device is an MWD measurement while drilling device.
Step two: comparing the actually measured torque with a corresponding value of the standard line, wherein the corresponding value refers to a corresponding torque value on the standard line under the same drilling displacement;
step three: in the drilling process, according to the comparison result of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line, when the error of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line exceeds a threshold value, the drilling speed or the drill bit of the drilling machine is adjusted, so that the error of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is smaller than or equal to 10%, the actually measured torque is ensured to be always smaller than the maximum torque which can be borne by a drill cylinder outside the drilling machine, and the phenomenon of drill sticking is avoided.
In the third step, the range of the threshold is 8% -10%. The threshold value is set according to the working experience of the inventor in the technical field, in order to prevent the error between the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line from exceeding 10%, when the error between the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line reaches 8% -10%, the drilling speed or the drill bit of the drilling machine is adjusted, and therefore the purpose that the error between the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is smaller than or equal to 10% can be better achieved.
In the third step, in the drilling process, as shown in fig. 2, when the increase rate of the measured torque is less than 0.1, the measured torque is increased too slowly, which indicates that the drilling accumulation body is loose or a cavity is drilled, the drilling speed of the drilling machine is increased, and as shown in fig. 3, after the drilling speed of the drilling machine is increased, the error value between the drilling speed and the standard line can be obviously reduced.
In the third step, in the drilling process, as shown in fig. 5, when the increase rate of the actually measured torque is greater than 5, and as shown in fig. 4, the ratio of the force bearing value of the down-the-hole hammer to the force bearing value of the initial down-the-hole hammer is 0.9-1.1, the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, as shown in fig. 6, after the speed is reduced, the actually measured torque falls to a greater extent and the increase rate is obviously reduced, which indicates that the actually measured torque is increased too fast due to too fast drilling speed, and the drilling speed of the drilling machine is continuously reduced.
In the third step, in the drilling process, as shown in fig. 7, when the stress value of the down-the-hole hammer is increased to 1.1-1.5 times of the stress value of the initial down-the-hole hammer, and as shown in fig. 8, the increase rate of the actual measurement torque is 1.1-1.5, and the dispersion degrees of the actual measurement torque and the stress value of the down-the-hole hammer are increased, it is determined that the drilling accumulation body is an accumulation body containing a large amount of broken stones, and the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, as shown in fig. 9. And after the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, when the increase rate of the actually measured torque is still larger than 1.1, replacing the drill bit, performing crushing operation by adopting a telescopic drill bit, and replacing the telescopic drill bit with a spiral drill bit after the crushing operation is completed to continue the drilling operation.
In the third step, in the drilling process, as shown in fig. 10, when the stress value of the down-the-hole hammer is increased to 2-3 times of the stress value of the initial down-the-hole hammer, as shown in fig. 11, the increase rate of the measured torque is 2-3, and the dispersion degree of the measured torque and the stress value of the down-the-hole hammer is increased, it is determined that the drilling accumulation body is an accumulation body containing the orphan, and the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, as shown in fig. 12. And after the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, when the increase rate of the actually measured torque is still larger than 2, the drill bit is replaced, the telescopic drill bit is adopted for crushing operation, and the spiral drill bit is replaced after the crushing operation is finished to continue the drilling operation.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and therefore, any modification or equivalent replacement of the present invention is made; all such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A large-diameter drilling machine drilling process control method for tunnel collapse rescue is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a data acquisition device is installed on a drilling machine, the data acquired by the data acquisition device comprises the actually measured torque borne by an outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine, the stress value of a down-the-hole hammer, the drilling displacement and the drilling speed in the drilling process, and a standard line of the torque borne by the outer drilling barrel of the drilling machine in the drilling process is preset in the data acquisition device;
step two: comparing the actually measured torque with the corresponding value of the standard line;
step three: in the drilling process, according to the comparison result of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line, when the error of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line exceeds a threshold value, the drilling speed or the drill bit of the drilling machine is adjusted, so that the error of the actually measured torque and the corresponding value of the standard line is smaller than or equal to 10%.
2. The method for controlling the drilling process of the large-diameter drilling machine for tunnel collapse rescue according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the threshold value ranges from 8% to 10%.
3. The method for controlling the drilling process of the large-diameter drilling machine for tunnel collapse rescue according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, when the increase rate of the measured torque is less than 0.1 in the drilling process, the drilling speed of the drilling machine is increased.
4. The method for controlling the drilling process of the large-diameter drilling machine for rescuing the tunnel collapse according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the third step, in the drilling process, when the increase rate of the measured torque is more than 5 and the ratio of the force value of the down-the-hole hammer to the force value of the initial down-the-hole hammer is 0.9-1.1, the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced.
5. The method for controlling the drilling process of the large-diameter drilling machine for tunnel collapse rescue according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, when the force bearing value of the down-the-hole hammer is increased to be 1.1-1.5 times of the force bearing value of the initial down-the-hole hammer and the increase rate of the actually measured torque is 1.1-1.5 in the drilling process, the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced.
6. The method for controlling the drilling process of the large-diameter drilling machine for tunnel collapse rescue according to claim 5, wherein when the increase rate of the actually measured torque is still greater than 1.1 after the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, the drill bit is replaced, a telescopic drill bit is adopted for crushing operation, and the spiral drill bit is replaced for continuing the drilling operation after the crushing operation is completed.
7. The method for controlling the drilling process of the large-diameter drilling machine for tunnel collapse rescue according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, in the drilling process, when the force bearing value of the down-the-hole hammer is increased to be 2-3 times of the force bearing value of the initial down-the-hole hammer, and the increase rate of the measured torque is 2-3, the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced.
8. The method for controlling the drilling process of the large-diameter drilling machine for tunnel collapse rescue according to claim 7, wherein when the increase rate of the actually measured torque is still greater than 2 after the drilling speed of the drilling machine is reduced, the drilling bit is replaced, the telescopic drilling bit is adopted for crushing operation, and the spiral drilling bit is replaced for continuing the drilling operation after the crushing operation is finished.
9. The method for controlling the drilling process of the large-caliber drilling machine for rescuing the tunnel collapse according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in the first step, the data acquisition device is an MWD measurement while drilling device.
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| CN201911401961.2A CN113123777A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Large-diameter drilling machine drilling process control method for tunnel collapse rescue |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911401961.2A CN113123777A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Large-diameter drilling machine drilling process control method for tunnel collapse rescue |
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Citations (7)
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| US3658138A (en) * | 1969-04-30 | 1972-04-25 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Process for optimizing the penetration speed of a drilling tool driven by a motor whose torque decreases with an increasing running speed and apparatus therefor |
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| US5449047A (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1995-09-12 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Automatic control of drilling system |
| US6315062B1 (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2001-11-13 | Vermeer Manufacturing Company | Horizontal directional drilling machine employing inertial navigation control system and method |
| US20140260592A1 (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2014-09-18 | Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited | Identifying Forces in a Well Bore |
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| RU2681325C1 (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2019-03-06 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Автоматизированные системы бурения" | Method of automatic feed control of drilling tool in drilling process |
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2019
- 2019-12-30 CN CN201911401961.2A patent/CN113123777A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3658138A (en) * | 1969-04-30 | 1972-04-25 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Process for optimizing the penetration speed of a drilling tool driven by a motor whose torque decreases with an increasing running speed and apparatus therefor |
| EP0336490A1 (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1989-10-11 | Anadrill International SA | Method for controlling a drilling operation |
| US5449047A (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1995-09-12 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Automatic control of drilling system |
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| US20140260592A1 (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2014-09-18 | Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited | Identifying Forces in a Well Bore |
| CN106837295A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-13 | 河南理工大学 | Intelligent safe and efficient automatic drilling control system and control method |
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