CN113119703A - Driving system and electric automobile with same - Google Patents
Driving system and electric automobile with same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113119703A CN113119703A CN201911399385.2A CN201911399385A CN113119703A CN 113119703 A CN113119703 A CN 113119703A CN 201911399385 A CN201911399385 A CN 201911399385A CN 113119703 A CN113119703 A CN 113119703A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a driving system and an electric automobile with the same. The drive system includes: the first middle motor is used for driving a first pair of wheels of the electric automobile; a second in-wheel motor for driving a second pair of wheels of the electric vehicle; and the first middle motor and the second hub motor are electrically connected with the vehicle control unit. According to the driving system, the first middle motor and the second hub motor are adopted to respectively drive the two different pairs of wheels, and the power is reasonably distributed through the whole vehicle controller, so that the whole vehicle has good power performance, dynamic performance and economic performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobiles, in particular to a driving system and an electric automobile with the same.
Background
The existing driving system of the electric automobile generally adopts the following two schemes:
according to the first scheme, a middle-arranged motor is used for driving, power of the middle-arranged motor needs to be transmitted to wheels through a speed reducer, a differential and a transmission shaft, power transmission loss is inevitable, and accordingly the economic performance of a vehicle is poor.
The wheel hub motor drives the wheel, and the wheel hub motor directly drives the wheel, so that the economic performance is better, but the wheel hub motor can cause the unsprung mass to be overweight, the front axle to be overweight, and the heat dissipation of the wheel hub motor is difficult, so that the power performance and the dynamic performance of the whole vehicle are poorer.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a driving system, so that the whole vehicle has good dynamic performance, dynamic performance and economic performance.
The invention also provides an electric automobile with the driving system.
The drive system according to the embodiment of the invention includes: the first middle motor is used for driving a first pair of wheels of the electric automobile; a second in-wheel motor for driving a second pair of wheels of the electric vehicle; and the first middle motor and the second hub motor are electrically connected with the vehicle control unit.
According to the driving system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first middle motor and the second hub motor are adopted to respectively drive the two different pairs of wheels, and the power is reasonably distributed through the whole vehicle controller, so that the whole vehicle has good power performance, dynamic performance and economic performance.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the drive system comprises: the first middle motor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through the middle motor controller, and the second hub motor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through the hub motor controller.
Further, the vehicle control unit sends various control instructions to the middle motor controller and the hub motor controller through the CAN bus according to the opening degree of an accelerator pedal.
Further, when the opening degree of the accelerator is not more than m%, the power of the driving system is completely provided by the second in-wheel motor; when the opening degree of an accelerator is larger than m% and not larger than n%, the power of the driving system is firstly provided by the second in-wheel motor until the power exceeds the optimal efficiency range of the second in-wheel motor, and the rest power is provided by the first middle motor; when the opening degree of the accelerator is larger than n%, the power of the driving system is firstly provided by the second hub motor until all, and the rest power is provided by the first middle motor until all; wherein n is greater than m.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first pair of wheels is two front wheels and the second pair of wheels is two rear wheels; or, the first pair of wheels are two rear wheels and the second pair of wheels are two front wheels.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the power of the first mid-motor is transmitted to the first pair of wheels through a reduction gear, a differential, and a propeller shaft.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the second in-wheel motor is provided at each wheel of the second pair of wheels.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the drive system further comprises: the first in-wheel motor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller and is used for driving the first pair of wheels.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the drive system further comprises: and the second mid-mounted motor is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit and is used for driving the second pair of wheels.
According to another aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the electric automobile comprises the driving system.
The advantages of the electric vehicle and the driving system are the same as those of the driving system in the prior art, and are not described herein again.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drive system of a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a drive system of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a first middle-mounted motor 1, a second in-wheel motor 2, a vehicle control unit 3, a middle-mounted motor controller 4, an in-wheel motor controller 5, a speed reducer 6, a differential mechanism 7, a front wheel 8, a rear wheel 9, a first in-wheel motor 10 and a second middle-mounted motor 11.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can communicate with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
A driving system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
Referring to fig. 1, the driving system includes: the device comprises a first middle motor 1, a second in-wheel motor 2 and a vehicle control unit 3.
First in put motor 1 and be used for driving electric automobile's a pair of wheel, first in put motor 1 power great to guarantee electric automobile's dynamic behavior, the reducible axletree load of first in put motor 1 reduces electric automobile's unsprung mass, and then is favorable to promoting electric automobile dynamic behavior.
The second in-wheel motor 2 is used for driving a second pair of wheels of the electric automobile, and specifically, the second in-wheel motor 2 can directly drive the second pair of wheels, so that the transmission loss of power is reduced, and the power transmission efficiency from the second in-wheel motor 2 to the second pair of wheels is improved. Preferably, the second in-wheel motor 2 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the optimal efficiency interval of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is basically near the basic speed of medium and high load.
The first middle-mounted motor 1 and the second in-wheel motor 2 are electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 3, the vehicle control unit 3 can perform power distribution, the power of the first middle-mounted motor 1 and the power of the second in-wheel motor 2 are adjusted, and preferably, the vehicle control unit 3 preferentially distributes the second in-wheel motor 2 to be in high-load operation so as to improve the economic performance of the electric vehicle.
According to the driving system, the first middle-mounted motor 1 and the second hub motor 2 are adopted to drive the front and rear pairs of wheels respectively, and power is reasonably distributed through the vehicle control unit 3, so that the vehicle has good power performance, dynamic performance and economic performance.
Referring to fig. 1, the driving system includes: the middle motor controller 4 and the in-wheel motor controller 5 are arranged in the vehicle, the first middle motor 1 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 3 through the middle motor controller 4, that is, the vehicle control unit 3 controls the power of the first middle motor 1 through the middle motor controller 4, and the second in-wheel motor 2 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 3 through the in-wheel motor controller 5, that is, the vehicle control unit 3 controls the power of the second in-wheel motor 2 through the in-wheel motor controller 5.
Further, the vehicle control unit 3 sends various control instructions to the center motor Controller 4 and the in-wheel motor Controller 5 through a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus according to the opening degree of the accelerator pedal, so as to control the power of the first center motor 1 and the second in-wheel motor 2.
Further, when the accelerator opening is not more than m%, the power of the driving system is provided by the second in-wheel motor 2, that is, when the electric vehicle is in a low load state, the vehicle control unit 3 sends an instruction to the central motor controller 4 and the in-wheel motor controller 5 through the CAN bus, so that the first central motor 1 does not provide power, and the second in-wheel motor 2 provides all the power of the driving system, thereby being beneficial to reducing the transmission loss of the first central motor 1, and meanwhile, the second in-wheel motor 2 CAN be in a middle-high load range with optimal efficiency, so as to improve the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel.
When the accelerator opening is larger than m% and not larger than n%, the power of the driving system is firstly provided by the second in-wheel motor 2 until the power exceeds the optimal efficiency range of the second in-wheel motor 2, and the rest power is provided by the first middle motor 1, that is, when the electric automobile is under a medium load, the power output by the second in-wheel motor 2 in the optimal efficiency range cannot completely meet the power requirement of the electric automobile, the whole vehicle controller 3 sends an instruction to the middle motor controller 4 and the in-wheel motor controller 5 through the CAN bus, so that the second in-wheel motor 2 is still in the optimal efficiency range to output power, and the rest power is provided by the first middle motor 1, so that the power performance of the automobile is met while the economic performance is ensured.
When the opening degree of the accelerator is larger than n%, the power of the driving system is firstly provided to the whole by the second in-wheel motor 2, the rest power is provided to the whole by the first in-wheel motor 1, namely, when the electric automobile is changed from a medium load to a high load, the vehicle controller 3 sends an instruction to the in-wheel motor controller 4 and the in-wheel motor controller 5 through the CAN bus, the second in-wheel motor 2 is firstly operated in full load, and the rest power is provided to the whole by the first in-wheel motor 1, so that the proportion of the output power of the second in-wheel motor 2 is improved as much as possible under the condition of ensuring that the requirement of the power performance of the electric automobile is met, the transmission loss of the power is reduced, and the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheels is; it should be noted that n is greater than m, and m and n may also be determined by calibration, and optionally, m% is 20% and n% is 50%.
In some alternative embodiments, it may also be m% ═ 30%, n% ═ 60%, and so on.
Referring to fig. 1, first pair of wheel is two front wheels 8, the second is two rear wheels 9 to the wheel, that is to say, put motor 1 drive front wheel 8 in the first, second in-wheel motor 2 drive rear wheel 9, in order to promote the dynamic behavior of whole car, concretely, the front wheel 8 adopts and puts motor drive in being favorable to reducing unsprung mass, reduce front axle load, strengthen the heat dispersion of putting motor 1 in the first, thereby be favorable to promoting electric automobile's controllability and travelling comfort, simultaneously, whole car barycenter moves forward when electric automobile brakes, put the energy that motor also can the biggest absorption whole car braking, better reduction braking's risk. The rear wheel 9 adopts a hub motor, which is beneficial to reducing the influence of the weight of the second hub motor 2 on the steering of the electric automobile.
In some embodiments, not shown, the first pair of wheels is two rear wheels 9 and the second pair of wheels is two front wheels 8.
Referring to fig. 1, the power of the first mid-motor 1 is transmitted to the first pair of wheels through a reducer 6, a differential 7, and a propeller shaft to reduce the front axle load and the unsprung mass of the electric vehicle.
Referring to fig. 1, each wheel of the second pair of wheels is provided with a second in-wheel motor 2, so that the second in-wheel motor 2 directly drives the second pair of wheels, thereby reducing transmission loss of the second in-wheel motor 2.
Referring to fig. 2, in other embodiments of the present invention, the drive system further comprises: the first in-wheel motor 10, the first in-wheel motor 10 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 3 and is used for driving a first pair of wheels, that is, the first in-wheel motor 10 and the first mid-motor 1 can drive the first pair of wheels together, so as to improve the power performance of the electric vehicle.
Referring to fig. 2, the driving system further includes: the second mid-motor 11 and the second mid-motor 11 are electrically connected with the vehicle controller 3 and are used for driving a second pair of wheels, that is, the second mid-motor 11 and the second in-wheel motor 2 can drive the second pair of wheels together, so as to improve the power performance of the electric vehicle.
According to another aspect of the invention, the electric automobile comprises the driving system of the above embodiment.
According to the electric vehicle of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a first middle motor 1 is adopted to drive two front wheels 8, two second in-wheel motors 2 are respectively adopted to drive a driving system of two rear wheels 9, and the vehicle with the mass of 1600kg and the total power of the motor of the whole vehicle of 160KW is prepared, wherein m% is 20% and n% is 50% as an example, the economic performance of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 of the invention is compared with that of the electric vehicle only adopting the middle motor and that of the electric vehicle only adopting the four in-wheel motors, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 comparison of the economic performance of an electric vehicle using the driving system of the present invention with an electric vehicle using only a center motor or four hub motors
Referring to table 1, when the load is low (the accelerator opening is less than or equal to 20%), the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric vehicle adopting the driving system of the invention is 90%, the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric vehicle only adopting the middle motor is 74.5%, and the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric vehicle only adopting the four in-wheel motors is 85%;
when the load is medium (the throttle opening is more than 20% and less than or equal to 50%), the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric automobile adopting the driving system is 92%, the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric automobile only adopting the middle motor is 80.9%, and the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric automobile only adopting the four hub motors is 90%;
under high load (the opening degree of an accelerator is more than 50 percent), the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric automobile adopting the driving system of the invention is 92 percent, the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric automobile only adopting the middle motor is 87.5 percent, and the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor to the wheel of the electric automobile only adopting the four hub motors is 92 percent.
That is, under the conditions of low load and medium load, the comprehensive transmission efficiency from the motor of the electric automobile to the wheel is superior to that of the electric automobile only adopting the middle motor and that of the electric automobile only adopting the four hub motors.
The electric automobile provided by the invention has the advantages that the economic performance is superior to that of the electric automobile only adopting the middle motor, and the dynamic performance is superior to that of the electric automobile only adopting the four hub motors.
It should be noted that the driving system of the present invention can be used in pure electric vehicles, extended range vehicles, plug-in vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A drive system, comprising:
the first middle motor is used for driving a first pair of wheels of the electric automobile;
a second in-wheel motor for driving a second pair of wheels of the electric vehicle;
and the first middle motor and the second hub motor are electrically connected with the vehicle control unit.
2. The drive system of claim 1, comprising: the first middle motor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through the middle motor controller, and the second hub motor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through the hub motor controller.
3. The drive system according to claim 2, wherein the vehicle control unit issues various control commands to the center motor controller and the in-wheel motor controller through a CAN bus according to an accelerator pedal opening degree.
4. The drive system of claim 3, wherein when the throttle opening is not more than m%, the power of the drive system is entirely supplied by the second in-wheel motor; when the opening degree of an accelerator is larger than m% and not larger than n%, the power of the driving system is firstly provided by the second in-wheel motor until the power exceeds the optimal efficiency range of the second in-wheel motor, and the rest power is provided by the first middle motor; when the opening degree of the accelerator is larger than n%, the power of the driving system is firstly provided by the second hub motor until all, and the rest power is provided by the first middle motor until all; wherein n is greater than m.
5. The drive system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first pair of wheels is two front wheels and the second pair of wheels is two rear wheels; or, the first pair of wheels are two rear wheels and the second pair of wheels are two front wheels.
6. The drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power of the first mid-motor is transmitted to the first pair of wheels through a reduction gear, a differential, and a propeller shaft.
7. The drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second in-wheel motor is provided at each wheel of the second pair of wheels.
8. The drive system of claim 1, further comprising: the first in-wheel motor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller and is used for driving the first pair of wheels.
9. The drive system of claim 1 or 8, further comprising: and the second mid-mounted motor is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit and is used for driving the second pair of wheels.
10. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the drive system of any one of claims 1-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911399385.2A CN113119703A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Driving system and electric automobile with same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911399385.2A CN113119703A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Driving system and electric automobile with same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113119703A true CN113119703A (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911399385.2A Pending CN113119703A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Driving system and electric automobile with same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113370804A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-10 | 矩阵汽车有限公司 | Mid-motor power system architecture of range-extended electric vehicle and range-extended electric vehicle |
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| CN107878170A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-06 | 重庆大学 | Mechanical and automatically controlled steering, concentrate and the combined vehicle chassis architecture of independent electric drive |
| CN110341498A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-18 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | A kind of hub motor distribution time sharing electric automobile chassis configuration, four-drive electric car and control method |
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2019
- 2019-12-30 CN CN201911399385.2A patent/CN113119703A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2014169712A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-09-18 | Nsk Ltd | Electric vehicle to be driven by in-wheel motor |
| CN203611726U (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-05-28 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Four-wheel drive hybrid power system for automobile and automobile with four-wheel drive hybrid power system |
| CN205706191U (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 南京越博动力***股份有限公司 | A kind of control system of electric automobile |
| CN107878170A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-06 | 重庆大学 | Mechanical and automatically controlled steering, concentrate and the combined vehicle chassis architecture of independent electric drive |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113370804A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-10 | 矩阵汽车有限公司 | Mid-motor power system architecture of range-extended electric vehicle and range-extended electric vehicle |
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Application publication date: 20210716 |