CN113119492A - Preparation method of marine propeller blade fiber reinforced composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of marine propeller blade fiber reinforced composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113119492A CN113119492A CN202110392414.3A CN202110392414A CN113119492A CN 113119492 A CN113119492 A CN 113119492A CN 202110392414 A CN202110392414 A CN 202110392414A CN 113119492 A CN113119492 A CN 113119492A
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- blade
- mold
- propeller blade
- impregnation
- composite material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
- B29L2031/087—Propellers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a fiber reinforced composite material of a marine propeller blade, wherein the propeller blade comprises a blade root part, a blade middle part and a blade tip part, the whole propeller blade is firstly three-dimensionally woven by fibers to form a prefabricated part, the blade root part and the blade tip part are woven by higher fiber materials, and the blade middle part is woven by lower fiber materials. The preform is then placed in a mold and the resin cement is introduced into the mold for impregnation. The mould is provided with an exhaust passage, and the gas in the mould is gradually exhausted in the dipping process. After the impregnation is completed, the heated state of the mold is continuously maintained to cure the resin. The method maintains the strength of the paddle, saves working procedures, improves the efficiency, avoids bubble residues after dipping and improves the stability of quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to a preparation method of a marine propeller blade fiber reinforced composite material.
Background
Traditionally, manganese-nickel-aluminum-copper (MAB) or nickel-aluminum-copper (NAB) materials are used for the production of ship propellers such as naval vessels, because of their small deformation, high strength, and excellent corrosion resistance and reliability. But the defects are obvious, such as high cost for processing the blade, poor acoustic damping, high vibration noise and the like. Composite propellers have been developed in recent years, the composite materials having high specific strength and specific stiffness, and the weight of the propellers can be greatly reduced. In addition, the composite material propeller not only has the characteristics of low maintenance cost, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance and the like, but also greatly improves the damping performance of the propeller.
Currently, marine propeller blade composites are generally prepared by forming a preform by means of pre-weaving, laying, hot-molding, etc., and then subjecting it to resin impregnation and curing processes, as disclosed in CN201510137028.4, CN201610865621.5, CN201810272471.6, etc. The impregnation and curing can be carried out by placing the preform in upper and lower molds, and then pouring a resin material, and the impregnation and curing process is time-consuming, uneven in impregnation, and easy to leave pores if carried out under normal pressure, and the cost is increased if vacuum impregnation is used, and no more optimized solution is found in the process at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of a marine propeller blade fiber reinforced composite material.
The complete technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
a preparation method of a fiber reinforced composite material of a marine propeller blade comprises a blade root part, a blade middle part and a blade tip part, wherein the whole propeller blade is firstly three-dimensionally woven by fibers to form a prefabricated part, then the prefabricated part is impregnated and cured by thermosetting resin glue solution, the blade root part and the blade tip part are woven by higher fiber materials, and the blade middle part is woven by lower fiber materials.
Preferably, the impregnation is carried out by placing the preform in a mold and introducing the resin paste into the mold.
Preferably, the mould is provided with an exhaust passage, and the gas in the mould is gradually exhausted in the dipping process.
Preferably, the mould is heated to the resin curing temperature prior to impregnation.
Preferably, after the completion of the impregnation, the resin is cured by continuously maintaining the heated state of the mold.
Preferably, after the curing is finished, the mold is opened to take out the immersed and cured propeller blade.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a marine propeller blade according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a marine propeller blade manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the present application.
According to the preparation method of the fiber reinforced composite material for the marine propeller blade, as shown in figure 1, the prepared propeller blade 1 comprises a blade root part 2, a middle part 3 and a blade tip part 4, the whole propeller blade is firstly subjected to three-dimensional weaving by adopting fibers to form a prefabricated part, and then the prefabricated part is impregnated and cured by adopting thermosetting resin glue solution.
The fiber material and the weaving method of the prefabricated part can refer to the preparation process of CN201510137028.4, adopt the mixed fiber yarn and apply the three-dimensional weaving technology to carry out the continuous weaving and forming of the propeller blade mixed fiber prefabricated body. The difference of the invention is that the invention does not adopt the reinforcing structure part in the patent, but the paddle adopts a method of different fiber weaving densities at different parts so as to improve the strength of the part. The method avoids the adoption of a stitch-bonding structure of the core mould and the connecting part, saves working procedures and improves the stability of the preparation of the paddle. Specifically, a denser fiber material weaving density is adopted at the blade root and the blade tip, and a relatively sparser fiber material weaving density is adopted at the middle part of the blade.
The preparation device of the paddle is shown in figure 2 and comprises a lower die 5 and an upper die 6, wherein a dipping space 7 of the paddle is formed after the lower die and the upper die are assembled, an exhaust passage 8 is arranged at the upper part of the upper die, the exhaust passage is arranged at the highest position of the dipping space of the paddle and obliquely leads to the outer side of the upper die, a step part 9 for positioning is arranged on the lower die, and meanwhile, a die heating device (not shown in the figure) is also arranged in the upper die and the lower die so as to facilitate curing after dipping. The lower die is fixed on a lower die fixing plate 10, the upper die is fixed on an upper die fixing plate 11, the lower die fixing plate is arranged on a lower die plate 12, the upper die fixing plate is arranged on an upper die plate 13, and the upper die plate 13 and the lower die plate 12 are fixedly connected through a guide post 14 and a guide post sleeve 15 to form a main body frame. An upper mold driving mechanism 16 is arranged above the upper mold plate, and the driving mechanism can adopt a motor or an oil cylinder and the like. A resin liquid inlet channel 17 is arranged below the impregnation space and is used for connecting a resin tank, and resin rises into the impregnation space under the driving of gas pressure. The air pump is adopted to drive the resin glue solution to rise under the air pressure, the glue solution can be rapidly impregnated in the prefabricated body, the efficiency is greatly improved, meanwhile, the exhaust channel is arranged, the rapid air discharge can be realized without adopting a vacuum mode, a vacuum mechanism is not required to be installed, and the cost is reduced.
The preparation process of the marine propeller blade fiber reinforced composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) and weaving the prefabricated body with the three-dimensional structure, adopting the hybrid fiber yarn, and continuously weaving and forming the propeller blade hybrid fiber prefabricated body by using a three-dimensional weaving technology. The blade adopts different fiber weaving densities at different positions, adopts a larger fiber material weaving density at the root part and the tip part of the blade, and adopts a relatively smaller fiber material weaving density at the middle part of the blade. The weaving density of the fiber materials at the root part and the tip part of the blade is 4-6 times of that of the fiber materials at the middle part of the blade, and specifically, the weaving density of the fibers at the root part and the tip part of the blade can be 20-100 roots/cm2。
(2) Placing the prefabricated body into a lower die, and enabling the lower part of the paddle to enter a step part of a positioning part on the lower die to realize positioning;
(3) starting an upper die driving mechanism to enable an upper die plate to drive an upper die to descend and realize die assembly, and starting a die heating device to heat the die to a resin curing temperature;
(4) starting an air pump, driving resin to enter from the liquid inlet channel, gradually filling the impregnation space of the blades, and impregnating the prefabricated body in the impregnation space; in the dipping process, the pressure of the air pump is gradually increased,so that the resin liquid level can rise gradually and the gas in the impregnation space is exhausted gradually from the exhaust passage at the upper part of the upper die. In the process, the increasing speed of the pressure of the air pump needs to be considered, the process needs to enable the resin to rise quickly and stably, the space around the fibers of the prefabricated body is filled, the liquid level is unstable easily due to too fast rising, air cannot be discharged timely, and air bubbles are easily caused in the prefabricated body. Too slow a rise affects production efficiency. Therefore, the invention adopts a staged pressurization mode, and the root part of the blade is impregnated in the first stage, because the weaving density of the part is higher, the gap is smaller, and the gas is difficult to discharge, so that the pressurization speed P is relatively lower1. In the second stage, the middle part of the blade is soaked, the weaving density of the part is low, and gas is easy to exhaust, so that a relatively high pressurizing speed P is adopted2. In the third stage, the blade tip part is impregnated, and the part is also higher in weaving density and lower in pressurizing speed P1. After practical verification, P is verified1A pressurization rate of 2.5kPa/s is preferably employed. P2The determination method adopts
Determination of the relationship of (1), L1Weaving density of fibres for root and tip of blade, L2The weaving density of the fiber at the middle part of the paddle. In this embodiment, L1/L2Is 4 to 6, then P2The value range of (a) is 5-6.1 kPa/s. By adopting the pressurization relation, the efficiency is improved, the bubble residue after dipping is avoided, and the strength of the paddle after dipping is improved.
(5) After the impregnation is completed, the heated state of the mold is continuously maintained to cure the resin.
(6) And opening the mold to take out the propeller blade.
The above applications are only some embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept herein, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a fiber reinforced composite material of a marine propeller blade comprises a blade root part, a blade middle part and a blade tip part, wherein the whole propeller blade is firstly three-dimensionally woven by fibers to form a prefabricated part, and then the prefabricated part is impregnated and cured by a thermosetting resin adhesive solution.
2. The method for preparing a fiber reinforced composite material for a marine propeller blade according to claim 1, wherein the impregnation is performed by placing the preform in a mold and introducing a resin glue solution into the mold.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the mold is provided with an exhaust passage, and the impregnation step gradually exhausts the gas from the mold.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the mold is heated to a resin curing temperature before the impregnation.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the resin is cured by maintaining the heated state of the mold after the impregnation is completed.
6. The method for preparing a fiber-reinforced composite material for a marine propeller blade according to claim 4, wherein after the curing is completed, the mold is opened to take out the impregnated and cured propeller blade.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110392414.3A CN113119492B (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Preparation method of marine propeller blade fiber reinforced composite material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110392414.3A CN113119492B (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Preparation method of marine propeller blade fiber reinforced composite material |
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| CN113119492A true CN113119492A (en) | 2021-07-16 |
| CN113119492B CN113119492B (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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| US4720244A (en) * | 1987-05-21 | 1988-01-19 | Hudson Products Corporation | Fan blade for an axial flow fan and method of forming same |
| JPH04232713A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-08-21 | Hudson Prod Corp | Manufacture of fan blade |
| FR2740380A1 (en) * | 1995-10-30 | 1997-04-30 | Eurocopter France | Resin transfer moulded, composite material, variable pitch helicopter rear rotor blade |
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| CN104690987A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-06-10 | 郑伟 | Draught fan blade manufacturing process based on RTM |
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| US20160375643A1 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2016-12-29 | Hyundai Motor Company | Apparatus and method for manufacturing composite reinforcement structure |
| CN108501404A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-07 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and mold of composite fibre shell |
| CN109278372A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-29 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Lightweight shock resistance density gradient composite material, fan contain casing and its preparation method and application |
| CN110253979A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | 宜兴市华恒高性能纤维织造有限公司 | A kind of needling preform and preparation method thereof being made of different densities layer |
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2021
- 2021-04-13 CN CN202110392414.3A patent/CN113119492B/en active Active
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| US4238437A (en) * | 1978-08-02 | 1980-12-09 | Rolston John A | Method for producing fiber reinforced product |
| US4720244A (en) * | 1987-05-21 | 1988-01-19 | Hudson Products Corporation | Fan blade for an axial flow fan and method of forming same |
| JPH04232713A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-08-21 | Hudson Prod Corp | Manufacture of fan blade |
| FR2740380A1 (en) * | 1995-10-30 | 1997-04-30 | Eurocopter France | Resin transfer moulded, composite material, variable pitch helicopter rear rotor blade |
| US20130017093A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2013-01-17 | Snecma | Aircraft propeller blade |
| EP2363272A1 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-07 | Leichtbau-Zentrum Sachsen GmbH | Method for producing hollow profile components made of fibre compound materials |
| CN103209890A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2013-07-17 | 贝尔直升机泰克斯特龙公司 | Composite rotor blade having weighted material for mass balancing |
| CN102975374A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-03-20 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of carbon fiber composite material main beam cap for fan blade |
| US20160221273A1 (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-04 | Snecma | Method for manufacturing a propeller blade |
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| CN104690987A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-06-10 | 郑伟 | Draught fan blade manufacturing process based on RTM |
| US20160375643A1 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2016-12-29 | Hyundai Motor Company | Apparatus and method for manufacturing composite reinforcement structure |
| CN108501404A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-07 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and mold of composite fibre shell |
| CN109278372A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-29 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Lightweight shock resistance density gradient composite material, fan contain casing and its preparation method and application |
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| CN113119492B (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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