CN113115321B - Wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method, and relates to the technical field of wireless sensor networks. The method can divide the area in a grid, randomly deploy wireless sensing network nodes on the grid, compare the coverage degree of the sensing radius area of the wireless sensing network nodes with the coverage degree of the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensing network nodes, remove redundant coverage nodes, judge the communication data in the deployed wireless sensing network nodes, and optimize the deployment of the wireless sensing network nodes, thereby reducing the calculation complexity, the communication overhead and the equipment cost in the wireless sensing network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless sensor networks, in particular to a wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method.
Background
The wireless sensor network usually works in a complex indoor environment, the deployment of the wireless sensor network nodes is generally to perform piece area meshing, and most of the wireless sensor network nodes adopt a random deployment mode. However, in such a large-scale random delivery manner, it is difficult to deploy a large number of wireless sensor network nodes at a suitable position at a time, and a series of problems in coverage of the wireless sensor network are easily caused, for example, the wireless sensor network nodes in a local target area are distributed too densely or deployed too sparsely, so that an overlapping area and a blind area exist in actual application of the wireless sensor network. Due to repeated coverage of the wireless sensing network nodes, resource waste is easily caused; the deployment of the wireless sensor network nodes is too rare, and the transmission signals of the wireless sensor network are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for optimizing deployment of a wireless sensor network node, which compares coverage degrees of a sensing radius area of the wireless sensor network node and a sensing radius area of an adjacent wireless sensor network node, removes redundant coverage nodes, judges communication data in the deployed wireless sensor network node, and optimizes deployment of the wireless sensor network node, thereby reducing computational complexity, communication overhead, and equipment cost in the wireless sensor network.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps that a region where wireless sensing network nodes are to be deployed is subjected to grid division, the wireless sensing network nodes are randomly deployed on a grid, and each wireless sensing network node is communicated with adjacent wireless sensing network nodes;
(2) Judging whether the wireless sensing network node is completely covered by the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensing network node in the sensing radius area, if so, removing the wireless sensing network node; otherwise, judging whether the wireless sensing network node is partially covered by the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensing network node in the sensing radius area, if so, according to the distance w from the circle center of the wireless sensing network node to the circle center of the adjacent wireless sensing network node AB The sensing radius R of the wireless sensing network node A The sensing radius and the w of the wireless sensing network node tangent to the sensing radius area adjacent to the wireless sensing network node AB Angle of formation
Calculating first coverage of the wireless sensing network nodes, and removing the adjacent wireless sensing network nodes when the first coverage is greater than 0.1;
(3) For the adjacent wireless sensing network nodes with the first coverage degree not exceeding 0.1, corresponding included angles are calculated
After the coverage is reduced by 5 degrees, the first coverage is calculated again, anchor points are set at the adjacent wireless sensor network nodes with the first coverage changing by no more than 10% and the uncovered adjacent wireless sensor network nodes, and the wireless sensor networks are respectively calculatedA second coverage between the network node and the anchor point; when the second coverage is larger than 0.098, adding wireless sensing network nodes at the corners of the area;
(4) Repeating the steps (2) to (3) for all wireless sensing network nodes in the area to obtain the deployment of the wireless sensing network nodes in the area;
(5) And judging communication redundant data of the communication data in the deployed wireless sensor network nodes through a time window function, removing the communication redundant data, and obtaining the optimal deployment of the wireless sensor network nodes.
Further, in the step (1), grid division is performed by taking the sensing radius of the wireless sensor network node to be deployed as a radius.
Further, the condition satisfied by the neighboring sensing nodes fully covered in step (2) is:
0≤w AB ≤|R A -R B |
wherein R is B Representing the perceived radius of the wireless sensor network node.
Further, the partially covered neighboring sensing nodes in step (2) satisfy the following conditions:
|R A -R B |＜w AB ＜|R A +R B |
wherein R is B Representing the perceived radius of the wireless sensor network node.
Further, the first coverage I in the step (2) AB The calculation process specifically comprises the following steps:
further, the neighboring sensing nodes uncovered in step (3) satisfy:
w AB ≥R A +R B ≥2R A
wherein R is B Representing the perceived radius of the wireless sensor network node.
Further, the calculating process of the second coverage I in the step (3) is specifically as follows:
wherein C is the distance from the center of the wireless sensing network node to the center of the anchor point, and theta is an included angle formed by the sensing radius of the wireless sensing network node tangent to the sensing radius area of the anchor point and C.
Further, the time window function in step (5) is specifically:
wherein,
a variance value representing the communication data signal strength within the perceived radius of the wireless sensor network node within the time window T,
representing an average of communication data signal strengths within a sensing radius of a wireless sensor network node within a time window T, M representing a number of communication data signals collected within the time window T, r lT (i) And i represents the received ith communication data signal strength value within the perception radius of the wireless sensor network node within the time window T, and i represents the index of the communication data signal strength value.
Further, when
And if the data is larger than 0.82, the communication redundant data is removed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method can divide the grids of the areas where the wireless sensor network nodes are to be deployed to realize random point distribution of the grids, firstly, the coverage degree of the sensing radius area of the wireless sensor network nodes and the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensor network nodes is judged, redundant wireless sensor network nodes are removed, and intensive point distribution of the wireless sensor network nodes is realized; meanwhile, judging whether the wireless sensing network nodes are required to be added at the corners of the area according to the second coverage degree so as to enhance the coverage of the blind area wireless sensing network nodes; in addition, through the judgment of communication redundant data, unnecessary calculation is avoided, the node distribution efficiency of the wireless sensor network is further optimized, interference items are removed, and the calculation amount is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a two-dimensional map of partial coverage in the wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an actual implementation of the wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method of the present invention, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
(1) Dividing grids in an area where the wireless sensing network nodes are to be deployed according to the sensing radius of the wireless sensing network nodes to be deployed, randomly deploying the wireless sensing network nodes on the grids, and enabling each wireless sensing network node to be communicated with adjacent wireless sensing network nodes; the denser the deployment is when the wireless sensor network nodes are deployed randomly, the higher the signal accuracy of the communication data is, but the wireless sensor network nodes are repeatedly covered and the resources are wasted, so that a person skilled in the art selects the intersection points and the center of the grid to deploy when the wireless sensor network nodes are deployed randomly.
(2) Determining wirelessWhether the sensing network nodes are completely covered by the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensing network nodes in the sensing radius area is judged, if yes, the wireless sensing network nodes are removed, and the adjacent wireless sensing network nodes which are completely covered are removed, so that although the number of the wireless sensing network nodes is reduced, the coverage degree of the wireless sensing network nodes which are not removed in the area where the wireless sensing network nodes are to be deployed still meets the requirement of high-quality wireless signal transmission, the phenomenon that the wireless sensing nodes are too dense to form a sensing overlapping area is avoided, and the purpose of point distribution concentration is achieved; otherwise, judging whether the wireless sensing network node is partially covered by the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensing network node in the sensing radius area, if so, according to the distance w from the circle center of the wireless sensing network node to the circle center of the adjacent wireless sensing network node AB Sensing radius R of wireless sensing network node A And an included angle formed by the sensing radius of the wireless sensing network node tangent to the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensing network node and the wAB
And calculating the first coverage of the wireless sensing network nodes, and removing the adjacent wireless sensing network nodes when the first coverage is more than 0.1, wherein the partial redundant wireless sensing nodes not only waste limited energy but also occupy channels of the wireless sensing network because the redundant wireless sensing network nodes are thrown in the partially covered adjacent wireless sensing nodes, and the adjacent wireless sensing network nodes more than 0.1 are removed, so that the coverage rate of the wireless sensing network can meet the application requirement, and the deployment cost of the wireless sensing network nodes is greatly saved. If the first coverage is larger than 0.1, the slower the following speed of the positioning wireless sensing network node is, and the calculation complexity is increased.
The conditions met by the fully covered adjacent sensing nodes are as follows:
0≤w AB ≤|R A -R B |
wherein R is B Representing the perceived radius of the wireless sensor network node.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a wireless sensor network node partially covering a sensing radius area of the wireless sensor network node with an area of a sensing radius of an adjacent wireless sensor network node is given, where the partially covered adjacent sensor node meets the following conditions:
|R A -R B |＜w AB ＜|R A +R B |
first coverage I AB The calculating process specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein,
the sensing radius of the wireless sensing network node tangent to the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensing network node and the w AB The included angle is formed.
(3) For adjacent wireless sensing network nodes with coverage degree not exceeding 0.1, corresponding included angles are calculated
After the 5-degree coverage is reduced, calculating the first coverage again to reduce the coverage of the wireless sensor network node and the adjacent wireless sensor network node, setting anchor points at the adjacent wireless sensor network node and the uncovered adjacent wireless sensor network node, of which the first coverage changes by no more than 10%, and calculating second coverage between the wireless sensor network node and the anchor points respectively; and when the second coverage is greater than 0.098, adding the wireless sensing network node at the corner of the area. Due to the influences of signal attenuation, shielding and the like of the wireless sensing network at the corners of the wireless sensing network node areas, in order to avoid the wireless sensing network nodes from being separated too much to form a sensing blind area, the coverage of the wireless sensing nodes at the corners of the areas needs to be increased, so that the coverage of the wireless sensing network reaches the application requirements.
Uncovered neighboring sensing nodes satisfy:
w AB ≥R A +R B ≥2R A
the calculation process of the second coverage I specifically comprises:
and the theta is an included angle formed by the sensing radius of the wireless sensing network node tangent to the sensing radius area of the anchor point and the C.
(4) Repeating the steps (2) to (3) for all wireless sensing network nodes in the area to obtain the deployment of the wireless sensing network nodes in the area;
(5) The communication redundant data of the communication data in the deployed wireless sensor network nodes is judged through the time window function, the time window function is used for judging the redundant data, the information feedback quantity of the communication data in the area is reduced, the operation energy consumption of the wireless sensor network is reduced, and the optimal deployment of the wireless sensor network nodes is obtained.
The time window function is specifically:
wherein,
a variance value representing the communication data signal strength within the perceived radius of the wireless sensor network node within the time window T,
representing an average of communication data signal strengths within a sensing radius of a wireless sensor network node within a time window T, M representing a number of communication data signals collected within the time window T, r lT (i) Representing the received ith communication data signal strength value within the sensing radius of the wireless sensor network node within the time window T, i representing the communication data signal strengthAn index of values; the value of the time window T is related to the specific architecture of the wireless sensor network node, and also related to the resolution of the wireless sensor network set in the practical application.
When in use
When the communication redundancy data is larger than 0.82, the communication redundancy data is removed, the average of the residual communication data is the required anti-interference measurement value, the anti-interference measurement values are used for carrying out calculation such as triangulation location, the calculation amount is reduced, the location speed is further improved, and the optimal deployment of the wireless sensor network nodes is finally obtained.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an actual implementation of the method for optimizing the deployment of the wireless sensor network nodes, and fig. 3 shows that the method of the present invention is used for the deployment of the wireless sensor network nodes in an indoor area, where dots in fig. 3 represent positions of network cable sensor network nodes, and the number of the wireless sensor network nodes is increased at indoor corners according to a second coverage, so as to meet application requirements of network communication positioning and the like.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A wireless sensing network node deployment optimization method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps that a region where wireless sensing network nodes are to be deployed is subjected to grid division, the wireless sensing network nodes are randomly deployed on a grid, and each wireless sensing network node is communicated with adjacent wireless sensing network nodes;
(2) Judging whether the wireless sensing network node is completely covered by the sensing radius area of the adjacent wireless sensing network node in the sensing radius area, if so, removing the wireless sensing network node; otherwise, judging the wireless sensing network nodeWhether the point is partially covered by the area of the sensing radius of the adjacent wireless sensing network node in the sensing radius area, if the point is partially covered, according to the distance w from the center of the wireless sensing network node to the center of the adjacent wireless sensing network node AB Sensing radius R of wireless sensing network node A The sensing radius and the w of the wireless sensing network node tangent to the sensing radius area adjacent to the wireless sensing network node AB Angle of formation
Calculating first coverage of the wireless sensing network node, and removing the adjacent wireless sensing network node when the first coverage is greater than 0.1;
the first coverage I AB The calculating process specifically comprises the following steps:
(3) For the adjacent wireless sensing network nodes with the first coverage degree not exceeding 0.1, corresponding included angles are calculated
After the 5-degree coverage is reduced, calculating the first coverage again, setting anchor points at adjacent wireless sensing network nodes with the first coverage changing by no more than 10% and uncovered adjacent wireless sensing network nodes, and calculating second coverage between the wireless sensing network nodes and the anchor points respectively; when the second coverage is larger than 0.098, adding wireless sensing network nodes at the corners of the area;
the calculation process of the second coverage I specifically comprises:
c is the distance from the center of the wireless sensing network node to the center of the anchor point, and theta is an included angle formed by the sensing radius of the wireless sensing network node tangent to the sensing radius area of the anchor point and C;
(4) Repeating the steps (2) to (3) for all wireless sensing network nodes in the area to obtain the deployment of the wireless sensing network nodes in the area;
(5) Judging communication redundant data of communication data in deployed wireless sensor network nodes through a time window function when
When the communication redundancy data is larger than 0.82, removing the communication redundancy data to obtain the optimal deployment of the wireless sensing network node;
the time window function is specifically:
wherein,
a variance value representing the communication data signal strength within the perceived radius of the wireless sensor network node within the time window T,
representing an average of communication data signal strengths within a sensing radius of a wireless sensor network node within a time window T, M representing a number of communication data signals collected within the time window T, r lT (i) And i represents the received ith communication data signal strength value within the perception radius of the wireless sensor network node within the time window T, and i represents the index of the communication data signal strength value.
2. The wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), grid division is performed by taking the sensing radius of the wireless sensing network node to be deployed as a radius.
3. The wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conditions met by the neighboring wireless sensing nodes which are completely covered in the step (2) are as follows:
0≤w AB ≤|R A -R B |
wherein R is B Representing the perceived radius of the neighboring wireless sensor network node.
4. The method for optimizing the deployment of the wireless sensor network nodes according to claim 1, wherein: the adjacent wireless sensing nodes partially covered in the step (2) meet the following conditions:
|R A -R B |＜w AB ＜|R A +R B |
wherein R is B Representing the perceived radius of the neighboring wireless sensor network node.
5. The wireless sensor network node deployment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjacent wireless sensing nodes which are not covered in the step (3) meet the following conditions:
w AB ≥R A +R B ≥2R A
wherein R is B Representing the perceived radius of the neighboring wireless sensor network node.
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