CN113110297B - Method for preventing origin from being used wrongly in numerical control machining process - Google Patents
Method for preventing origin from being used wrongly in numerical control machining process Download PDFInfo
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4065—Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing an original point from being used wrongly in a numerical control machining process. When a part is machined, the numerical control system automatically calls backup original point data from the database, compares the backup original point data with the currently set original point data, calculates the difference value between the front original point and the rear original point, checks whether the difference value is within an allowable range, and allows the numerical control program to continue to run only when the difference value is within a tolerance; if the tolerance is exceeded, the original point is set wrongly, the numerical control system automatically forbids the execution of the numerical control program and gives an alarm for reminding. The invention realizes the detection of the use error of the origin through the operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining, and particularly relates to a method for preventing an original point from being used wrongly in a numerical control machining process.
Background
In the numerical control machining of parts, the setting of the origin of a coordinate system is a key link, and the fault of the parts can be directly caused by the wrong setting of the origin, so that the safety of the equipment is threatened. In the traditional single machine machining process, a tool setting method is adopted for origin point alignment, the current position of a numerical control machine tool needs to be manually recorded, the current coordinate system setting is realized through the radius offset of a tool, and if the input error causes the origin point setting error, the faults of parts and equipment are further generated.
In the automatic processing mode of the flexible wire, the probe is adopted to set the original point of the current coordinate system, so that a great number of original point errors caused by manual input are avoided, but original point data errors and part or equipment faults are also caused due to accidental faults of the probe, calibration missing of the probe, wrong setting of parameters of the probe and the like. Therefore, a method for preventing the use of the original point from being wrong in the numerical control machining is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preventing an original point from being used wrongly in a numerical control machining process, aiming at the problem that the original point is often used wrongly in the prior art. When a part is machined, the numerical control system automatically calls backup original point data from the database, compares the backup original point data with the currently set original point data, calculates the difference value between the front original point and the rear original point, checks whether the difference value is within an allowable range, and allows the numerical control program to continue to run only when the difference value is within a tolerance; if the tolerance is exceeded, the original point is set wrongly, the numerical control system automatically forbids the execution of the numerical control program and gives an alarm for reminding. The invention realizes the detection of the use error of the origin through the operation.
The specific implementation content of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for preventing an original point from using errors in a numerical control machining process, which is characterized in that an original point error-proofing control program is added in a post-machining treatment process of a numerical control program to be combined with a hole system positioning working platform of a numerical control machining machine tool to carry out original point error-proofing detection, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting an origin database, and storing and backing up the origin of a part in the origin database in a numerical control system when the first part of different types of parts is processed;
then, in the subsequent non-first piece processing of different types of parts, original point data of the first piece of the corresponding type of parts, which is stored and backed up in an original point database, is called through a numerical control system, and original point matching check is carried out on the original point data and the current parts; the matching check is: inserting a pin rod into a pin hole of a hole system positioning working platform, clamping a part on the hole system positioning working platform by using the pin rod, measuring a gap error between the pin hole of the hole system positioning working platform and the pin rod for multiple times to obtain a maximum gap error a, taking 2a as a maximum allowable tolerance of the original point matching check, when the numerical control program operates, and the detected error between the stored and backed-up original point data and the original point data of the current part is less than 2a, considering that the matching is successful, and continuously operating the numerical control program for processing, otherwise, considering that the matching is failed, and stopping the operation of the numerical control program and giving an alarm.
In order to better realize the invention, further, after the matching is considered to be successful, judging whether the current coordinate system uses mirror image and scaling treatment is carried out, if the mirror image and scaling treatment are judged to be used, the matching is considered to be failed, the running of the numerical control program is stopped, an alarm is given, otherwise, the matching is considered to be successful, and the numerical control program is continuously run for processing.
In order to better realize the invention, further, after judging whether the current coordinate system uses mirror image and scaling processing, judging whether the initial value of the machine tool coordinate system is changed, if the machine tool coordinate system is detected to be changed, considering that the matching fails, stopping the operation of the numerical control program and giving an alarm, otherwise, considering that the matching is successful, and continuously operating the numerical control program for processing.
In order to better realize the invention, further, when the matching of the origin is checked, the clearance error between the pin hole of the hole system positioning working platform and the pin rod is measured for a plurality of times to obtain the error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction, the threshold values of the error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction are set, if the actually measured error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction do not exceed the set threshold values, the front and back clamping positions of the part for matching check are considered to be the same positions, at the moment, 2a is used as the maximum allowable tolerance of the matching check of the origin, when the numerical control program is operated, the detected error between the stored backup origin data and the current origin data of the part is less than 2a, the matching is considered to be successful, the numerical control program is operated to process, otherwise, the operation of the numerical control program is considered to be failed, and the operation of the numerical control program is stopped and an alarm is given.
In order to better implement the invention, further, if the error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction obtained by actual measurement exceed the set threshold, the positions of front and back clamping of the part for matching inspection are considered to be different positions, and the distance between two different pin holes in the X direction is determined according to the positions of the pin holes on the hole system positioning working platform at the momentL X Distance from Y directionL Y (ii) a Then calculating the difference value between the stored backup original point data and the current machining original point of the part in the X directionD X And the difference value in the Y directionD Y (ii) a Then using the difference valueD X Minus distanceL X The integral multiple of the difference value obtains the real difference value in the X directiond X Using the difference value simultaneouslyD Y Subtracting the corresponding distance of the current partL Y Integral multiple of the Y direction to obtain the real difference value of the Y directiond Y (ii) a Finally passing the real difference valued X And true difference valued Y And obtaining the error between the stored and backed-up original point data and the original point data of the current part, if the error is less than 2a, determining that the currently used original point data is correct data, determining that the matching is successful, continuing to operate the numerical control program for processing, otherwise, determining that the matching is failed, stopping the operation of the numerical control program, and giving an alarm.
In order to better implement the invention, further, the part is directly clamped on the hole-series positioning working platform through the pin rod.
In order to better realize the invention, the tool clamp is clamped on the hole system positioning working platform through the pin rod, and then the part is clamped on the hole system positioning working platform through the tool clamp.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention establishes a part origin database in a numerical control system and backs up a part processing origin in the database. When a part is machined, the numerical control system automatically calls backup original point data from the database, compares the backup original point data with the currently set original point data, calculates the difference value between the front original point and the rear original point, checks whether the difference value is within an allowable range, and allows the numerical control program to continue to run only when the difference value is within a tolerance; if the tolerance is exceeded, the original point is set wrongly, the numerical control system automatically forbids the execution of the numerical control program and gives an alarm for reminding. The invention realizes the detection of the use error of the origin through the operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hole-series positioning stage;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a work platform for positioning a part in a hole system by clamping the part through a pin;
FIG. 3 is a screenshot of an example computer page of an ORIGIN _ DATA ORIGIN backup database file;
FIG. 4 is a screenshot of an example computer page with newly added origin backup data;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. the hole system comprises a positioning working platform 2, a pin hole 3, a screw hole 4, a pin rod 5 and parts.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation to the scope of protection. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for preventing an original point from being used wrongly in a numerical control machining process, as shown in fig. 1,2, and 5, in a post-machining process of a numerical control program, an original point mistake-proofing control program is added to perform original point mistake-proofing detection in combination with a working platform of a hole system positioning working platform 1 of a numerical control machine tool, specifically:
firstly, setting an origin database, and storing and backing up the origin of the part 5 in the origin database in a numerical control system when the first part of the parts 5 of different types is processed;
then, in the subsequent non-first workpiece processing of the parts 5 of different types, the origin data of the first workpiece of the corresponding type of parts 5 stored and backed up in the origin database is called by the numerical control system, and the matching of the origin with the current part 5 is checked; the matching check is: inserting a pin rod 4 into a pin hole 1 of a working platform of a hole system positioning working platform 1, clamping a part 5 on the working platform of the hole system positioning working platform 1 by using the pin rod 4, measuring a gap error between the pin hole 1 of the working platform of the hole system positioning working platform 1 and the pin rod 4 for multiple times to obtain a maximum gap error a, using the 2a as a maximum allowable tolerance of matching check of an original point, when a numerical control program operates, when the detected error between stored backup original point data and the original point data of the current part 5 is less than 2a, considering that matching is successful, and continuously operating the numerical control program for processing, otherwise, considering that matching is failed, stopping the operation of the numerical control program and giving an alarm.
In order to better realize the invention, further, after the matching is considered to be successful, judging whether the current coordinate system uses mirror image and scaling treatment is carried out, if the mirror image and scaling treatment are judged to be used, the matching is considered to be failed, the running of the numerical control program is stopped, an alarm is given, otherwise, the matching is considered to be successful, and the numerical control program is continuously run for processing.
In order to better implement the invention, further, after judging whether the current coordinate system uses mirror image and scaling processing, judging whether the initial value of the machine tool coordinate system is changed, if the machine tool coordinate system is detected to be changed, considering that the matching fails, stopping the running of the numerical control program and giving an alarm, and if not, considering that the matching succeeds, and continuously running the numerical control program for processing.
In order to better implement the present invention, when the matching of the origin is checked, the clearance error between the pin hole 1 and the pin 4 of the work table of the hole system positioning work table 1 is measured a plurality of times to obtain the error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction, the threshold values of the error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction are set, and if the actually measured error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction do not exceed the set threshold values, the positions of the front and rear clamps of the part 5 subjected to the matching inspection are considered to be the same position, the maximum allowable tolerance of the matching inspection with the 2a as the origin at this time, when the numerical control program is operated, and the detected error between the stored backup original point data and the original point data of the current part 5 is less than 2a, the matching is considered to be successful, and continuing to operate the numerical control program for processing, otherwise, determining that the matching fails, and stopping the operation of the numerical control program and giving an alarm.
In order to better implement the invention, further, if the error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction obtained by actual measurement exceed the set threshold, the positions of front and back clamping of the part 5 for matching inspection are considered to be different positions, and at the moment, the distance between two different pin holes 1 in the X direction is determined according to the positions of the pin holes 1 on the working platform of the hole system positioning working platform 1L X Distance from Y directionL Y (ii) a Then, the difference value between the stored backup original point data and the current machining original point of the part 5 in the X direction is calculatedD X And the difference value in the Y directionD Y (ii) a Then using the difference valueD X Minus distanceL X The integral multiple of the difference value obtains the real difference value in the X directiond X Using the difference value at the same timeD Y Minus the distance corresponding to the current part 5L Y Integer multiple of the difference value of the Y direction to obtain the real difference value of the Y directiond Y (ii) a Finally passing the real difference valued X And true difference valued Y Obtaining the error between the stored and backed-up original point data and the original point data of the current part 5, if the error is less than 2a, considering that the currently used original point data is correct data, judging that the matching is successful, and continuously operating the numerical control program for processing, otherwise, considering that the matching is failed, and stopping countingAnd controlling the program to run and giving an alarm.
In order to better implement the invention, further, the part 5 is directly clamped on the working platform of the hole system positioning working platform 1 through the pin rod 4.
In order to better realize the invention, a tool clamp is firstly clamped on the working platform of the hole system positioning working platform 1 through a pin rod 4, and then a part 5 is clamped on the working platform of the hole system positioning working platform 1 through the tool clamp.
The working principle is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, screw holes 3 and pin holes 2 are uniformly distributed on a hole system positioning working platform 1 at intervals, and the interval between the screw holes 3 and the pin holes 2 in the X direction is twice the interval in the Y direction, for example, the typical interval in the X direction is 200mm, and the typical interval in the Y direction is 100 mm; the coordinate positions of the pin hole 2 and the screw hole 3 on the hole system positioning working platform 1 are the original data on the hole system positioning working platform 1.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, based on the above embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5, the following examples are given:
1) when numerical control program is post-processed, an original point error-proofing control subprogram is automatically added at the beginning of the program
In the embodiment, the machined part 5 is 141a6121_9_35, and after post-processing, the numerical control program automatically adds a CHECK _ ORIGIN error-proofing control instruction at the leading position of the numerical control program.
2) When the first part of the part 5 is machined, the numerical control system automatically stores the original point of the part 5 into an original point database
When the numerical control program runs, the numerical control system automatically searches whether the current part 5 (141 a6121_9_ 35) has the backup ORIGIN DATA in an ORIGIN backup database file ORIGIN _ DATA, as shown in fig. 3, if the ORIGIN backup DATA of the current part 5 does not exist, the part 5 is indicated to run for the first time, and the numerical control system automatically records the current part 5 and the ORIGIN information in the ORIGIN backup database file, as shown in fig. 4, the backup part 5 is 141a6121_9_35, and the backup ORIGIN DATA: the X direction is-1204.8513, the Y direction is-0.3947, and the Z direction is 95.28.
3) When the part 5 is not processed as the first part, the numerical control system automatically calls the corresponding original point in the backup original point database and carries out matching check with the current original point
When the current part 5 processes the second part, the numerical control system automatically calls the original point value of the corresponding part 5 in the original point backup database, compares the original point value with the current original point data, and performs original point matching check.
4) Method for checking origin matching by using hole system to position working platform 1 and enabling front and back clamping positions of part 5 to be same
By using the hole system positioning work platform 1 shown in fig. 1, the part 5 or the tooling fixture is repeatedly clamped for a plurality of times, the error of the original point is derived from the clearance error between the pin 4 and the pin hole 2 serving as the positioning hole, the clearance fit error between the pin 4 and the positioning hole used for clamping the part 5 shown in fig. 2 is +/-0.05, the maximum clearance between the pin 4 and the positioning hole is 0.1, and the allowable tolerance of the original point matching inspection is set to be 0.2 in consideration of the fact that the part 5 can be installed on the hole system positioning work platform 1 through the tooling fixture during clamping.
And (3) processing the same parts 5 in the next batch, wherein the origin data of the coordinate system is X: -1204.9113, Y: -0.3447, Z: 95.12 of the total weight of the mixture; the difference value of the original point data and the original point data (X: -1204.8513, Y: -0.3947 and Z: 95.28) backed up in the original point database is small, the difference value in the X direction is 0.06, the difference value in the Y direction is 0.05, the difference value in the Z direction is 0.16, the tolerance value is not exceeded, the original point is accurately used, and the numerical control program normally runs.
If the original point is set by adopting the traditional tool setting method, a milling cutter with the diameter phi of 20 is used for tool setting, the radius of the cutter is missed and biased in the X direction of the original point after tool setting, the obtained X direction original point data is-1214.9113, compared with backup original point data, the X direction difference value is 10.06, the allowable tolerance value is exceeded, the original point is set wrongly, the program execution is suspended, and the alarm reminding is carried out.
5) Method for checking origin matching when hole system positioning working platform 1 and front and back clamping positions of part 5 are different
In the hole positioning table 1 shown in fig. 1, the pitch between adjacent holes in the X direction is 200mm, and the pitch between adjacent holes in the Y direction is 100 mm. The distance corresponding relation of different pin holes 2 in the X direction and the Y direction is as follows: when the X directions differ by 200n (n =0,1,3,5 …), the Y directions differ by 100n (n =0,1,3,5 …); when the X directions differ by 400n (n =0,1,2,3 …), the Y directions differ by 200n (n =0,1,2,3 …).
The same parts 5 in different batches are processed, the clamping positions of the parts 5 are different, and the original point data of the current parts 5 is X: -2005.0312, Y: -100.2689, Z: 95.35. the difference value with the original point data backed up in the original point database is larger, the difference value in the X direction is 800.1799, the difference value in the Y direction is 99.8742, and the difference value in the Z direction is 0.07;
for the origin matching check, according to the distance corresponding relation of different pin holes 2 in the X direction and the Y direction, a proper corresponding value is selected to eliminate X, Y direction difference caused by different clamping positions. Since the X-direction difference 800.1799 corresponds to 400n (n =0,1,2,3 …), subtracting 400n (n =0,1,2,3 …) from the X-direction difference yields a true X-direction difference value of 0.1799 that does not exceed the allowable tolerance of 0.2mm, and subtracting 200n (n =0,1,2,3 …) from the Y-direction difference value yields a true Y-direction difference value of 99.8742 that is much larger than the allowable tolerance of 0.2mm, with the origin set incorrectly. According to the inspection, when the origin is set by using the cutting method, the distance 300 between the reference edge and the origin is not set to the origin offset, the Y-direction origin data is-400.2689 after resetting, the difference value from the backup origin data is 399.8742, and after 200n (n =0,1,2,3 …) is subtracted, the Y-direction real difference value is 0.1258, the allowable tolerance is not exceeded by 0.2, the origin is correctly set, and the numerical control program is allowed to continue to execute.
6) Checking the correctness of mirror image and scaling additional function in the current origin coordinate system
In this case, all the numerical control programs do not need additional functions of mirroring and scaling, and when the function is detected to be used in the current machining coordinate system, the numerical control system prohibits the numerical control programs from continuing to run.
7) Checking the correctness of the initial settings in the machine coordinate system
In this case, the initial origin setting value X, Y, Z of the machine tool coordinate system is 0 in all three directions, and when the initial origin setting value is detected to be not 0, the numerical control system automatically prohibits the numerical control program from continuing to run.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, and thus are not described again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preventing the original point from using the mistake in the numerical control machining process is characterized in that in the post-processing treatment process of a numerical control program, an original point mistake-proofing control program is added to be combined with a hole system positioning working platform of a numerical control machine tool to carry out original point mistake-proofing detection, screw holes and pin holes are uniformly distributed on the hole system positioning working platform at intervals, and the interval between the screw holes and the pin holes in the X direction is twice of the interval in the Y direction; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting an origin database, and storing and backing up the origin of a part in the origin database in a numerical control system when the first part of different types of parts is processed;
then, in the subsequent non-first piece processing of different types of parts, original point data of the first piece of the corresponding type of parts, which is stored and backed up in an original point database, is called through a numerical control system, and original point matching check is carried out on the original point data and the current parts; the matching check is: inserting a pin rod into a pin hole of a hole system positioning working platform, clamping a part on the hole system positioning working platform by using the pin rod, measuring a gap error between the pin hole of the hole system positioning working platform and the pin rod for multiple times to obtain a maximum gap error a, taking 2a as a maximum allowable tolerance of the original point matching check, when a numerical control program operates, and an error between detected stored and backed-up original point data and the original point data of the current part is less than 2a, considering that matching is successful, and continuously operating the numerical control program for processing, otherwise, considering that matching is failed, stopping the operation of the numerical control program and giving an alarm;
when the matching of the origin is checked, measuring clearance errors between a pin hole of a hole system positioning working platform and a pin rod for multiple times to obtain errors in the X direction and errors in the Y direction, setting thresholds of the errors in the X direction and the errors in the Y direction, and if the errors in the X direction and the errors in the Y direction obtained through actual measurement do not exceed the set thresholds, considering that the front and back clamping positions of the part subjected to matching check are the same, and taking 2a as the maximum allowable tolerance of the matching check of the origin at the moment;
if the error in the X direction and the error in the Y direction obtained by actual measurement exceed set thresholds, the positions of front and rear clamping of the part for matching inspection are considered to be different positions, and the distance between two different pin holes in the X direction is determined according to the positions of the pin holes on the hole system positioning working platformL X Distance from Y directionL Y (ii) a Then calculating the difference value between the stored backup original point data and the current machining original point of the part in the X directionD X And the difference value in the Y directionD Y (ii) a Then using the difference valueD X Minus distanceL X The integral multiple of the difference value obtains the real difference value in the X directiond X Using the difference value simultaneouslyD Y Subtracting the corresponding distance of the current partL Y Integer multiple of the difference value of the Y direction to obtain the real difference value of the Y directiond Y (ii) a Finally passing the real difference valued X And true difference valued Y And obtaining the error between the stored and backed-up original point data and the original point data of the current part, if the error is less than 2a, determining that the currently used original point data is correct data, determining that the matching is successful, continuing to operate the numerical control program for processing, otherwise, determining that the matching is failed, stopping the operation of the numerical control program, and giving an alarm.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the matching is considered to be successful, the method further determines whether the current coordinate system uses mirror image and scaling processing, if the determination indicates that the mirror image and scaling processing are used, the matching is considered to be failed, the operation of the numerical control program is stopped, an alarm is given, otherwise, the matching is considered to be successful, and the numerical control program is continuously operated for processing.
3. The method for preventing the error in using the original point in the numerical control machining process as claimed in claim 2, wherein after the judgment of whether the current coordinate system uses the mirror image and the scaling processing is performed, the judgment of whether the initial value of the machine coordinate system is changed is also performed, if the machine coordinate system is detected to be changed, the matching is considered to be failed, the operation of the numerical control program is stopped and an alarm is given, otherwise, the matching is considered to be successful, and the numerical control program is continuously operated for machining.
4. A method of preventing false use of an origin during a numerically controlled machining process according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the part is directly clamped to the hole-series positioning table by a pin.
5. The method for preventing the use of the original point from being mistaken in the numerical control machining process as recited in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tooling fixture is clamped on the hole system positioning working platform through the pin rod first, and then the part is clamped on the hole system positioning working platform through the tooling fixture.
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