CN113109435B - Pipeline damage phonon energy wave diagnosis system and positioning method - Google Patents
Pipeline damage phonon energy wave diagnosis system and positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pipeline damage phonon energy wave diagnosis and positioning system and a positioning method. The phonon signal receiving and transmitting module can be freely attached according to the length of the pipeline to adapt to pipeline detection requirements of different lengths, collected signal data are processed and analyzed in a data processing computer, data groups collected at different frequencies are subjected to numerical value point taking under a frequency domain, mathematical characteristic relation between the position of a pipeline defect and the distance of the phonon signal transmitting module is calculated by using a mathematical statistical method, the mathematical characteristic relation is used as an experiment comparison sample, other pipeline experiments to be detected under the same working condition are further carried out, and the calculation result is compared with sample data so as to realize the positioning of the pipeline defect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nondestructive testing of steel pipelines of special equipment, and relates to the multidisciplinary fields of solid physics, electromagnetics, information transmission and collection, signal processing, mathematical statistics, samplings and the like, and the related pipeline damage phonon energy wave diagnosis positioning detection system can be used for defect detection of the steel pipelines, can freely adjust detection distance according to pipe diameters and lengths of the pipelines, particularly spans the pipelines, and belongs to the new field of nondestructive testing of special equipment.
Background
Various detection techniques have been developed for oil and gas pipeline detection, and nondestructive detection techniques are widely used for pipeline defect detection due to the relatively mature system. Nondestructive detection is a nondestructive detection technology, and based on the premise of not damaging or affecting the use performance of a detection object, the state of the detection object is determined by detecting the surface and internal defects of a material by utilizing the theoretical knowledge in the fields of light, heat, magnetism, acoustics and the like and combining corresponding instruments. The nondestructive testing method commonly used for the pipeline comprises the following steps: the method of ultrasonic detection technology, magnetic leakage detection technology, eddy current detection technology, ray detection technology and the like is sensitive to detection objects and object defect types, is not suitable for detecting defects of all pipelines, has high running cost and complex process for comprehensively detecting non-excavation pipelines, and cannot monitor development of material defects in time, so that scrapping of material instruments is generated.
Different detection technologies are different in detection characteristics according to the principle differences. In practical application, the method is sensitive to larger damage, and the identification effect of the initial initiation stage of the damage is not very good. The material damage detection method of phonon energy waves effectively fills the blank in the aspect, can detect phonon energy waves generated by tiny damage of materials, and achieves the effect of early recognition and early prevention. In solid physical theory systems, phonon energy refers to the energy of the bonds between lattice atoms, i.e. the energy inherent inside the material of the object. The method is characterized in that the internal crystal lattice of the material is vibrated in the external collision, loading and dismantling processes, the energy is locally accumulated to excite phonon lattice wave energy among atomic bonds of the pipe material, a phonon radiation field is generated, a pipeline damage phonon energy wave diagnosis positioning detection system is used for detecting the state of the material by detecting phonon energy waves, and the mathematical characteristic relation between the position of the pipeline defect and the distance of a phonon signal transmitting module is calculated through a mathematical statistics method so as to judge and position the defect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a pipeline damage phonon energy wave diagnosis technology and a positioning method, wherein the diagnosis system and the positioning method are combined with a multidisciplinary related knowledge system such as solid physical phonon theory, electromagnetism, mathematics statistics and the like, and the data acquisition and processing method is scientific and strict, and the defect detection is accurate. Two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules are attached to two sides of a pipeline body, the installation mode can be freely adjusted to meet pipeline detection requirements of different pipe diameters and lengths, and the distribution mode of the detection probes is adjusted to achieve the optimal detection effect.
Acoustic and optical lattice waves are generated when the material lattice vibrates. Which correspond to acoustic phonons and optical phonons, respectively. The acoustic lattice wave can be similar to an elastic wave, the ion crystal easily generates a polarized electric field, and the optical transverse wave is coupled with an electromagnetic field and has electromagnetic property, namely electromagnetic phonons; the electromagnetic phonons can be coupled with electromagnetic waves and influence the signal characteristics of electromagnetic waves acting on a pipeline to be detected, the acquired data are subjected to grouping processing and comparison by acquiring electromagnetic wave signals in the pipeline, and the mathematical characteristics of the pipeline defect positions and the distance between phonon signal transmitting modules are calculated by mathematical statistics and a sample method so as to judge and position the defects, thereby achieving the purposes of detection and monitoring.
Fixing a receiving and transmitting module patch antenna on one side of a tube body, measuring the distance L 0 of the relative defect of the receiving and transmitting module patch antenna, recording the distance L 1 of the relative defect position of the receiving and transmitting module patch antenna on the other side of the tube body, carrying out receiving and transmitting acquisition work of a group of signals with different excitation frequencies, moving the receiving and transmitting module patch antenna distance and recording the distance L 2 for acquisition work, sequentially increasing the same distance to record the distance L 3(4.5.6...) of the relative defect position of the receiving and transmitting module patch antenna, processing data acquired in different distances in the same coordinate system under a frequency domain, selecting the same position near a main frequency, extracting amplitude v data and counting.
Calculating the mathematical relationship between the amplitude values corresponding to the different distances under the same frequency, calculating the mean value by the formula (1), and calculating the mathematical standard deviation by the formula (2), and taking the mathematical standard deviation as a comparison sample under the working condition. When pipeline detection is carried out, the mathematical standard deviation S 'is calculated by using the same data processing method, the distance between the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules is measured, the sample standard deviation S which is equal to the distance L is selected, the distances L1' and L2 'of the two groups of phonon signal transmitting modules relative to the defect are calculated according to a formula (3) so as to position the defect, wherein L' is approximately equal to the sum of L1 'and L2', and further the defect position calculation is verified.
A system for pipeline injury phonon energy wave diagnosis and localization, comprising: the device comprises a second signal receiving probe 1, a first excitation signal transmitting probe 2, a digital signal generator 3, a pipeline to be detected 4, a data processing computer 5, a voltage conversion integrated board 6, a data acquisition computer 7, a data acquisition card 8, a digital oscilloscope 9, a first signal receiving probe 10 and a second excitation signal transmitting probe 11.
One end of the pipeline 4 to be detected is provided with a second signal transmitting patch antenna 12 and a first signal receiving patch antenna 13, and the other end is provided with a first signal transmitting patch antenna 14 and a second signal receiving patch antenna 15; the second signal transmitting patch antenna 12 is connected with the second excitation signal transmitting probe 11, and the first signal receiving patch antenna 13 is connected with the first signal receiving probe 10; the first signal transmitting patch antenna 14 is connected with the first excitation signal transmitting probe 2, and the second signal receiving patch antenna 15 is connected with the second signal receiving probe 1; the second signal receiving probe 1, the first excitation signal transmitting probe 2, the first signal receiving probe 10 and the second excitation signal transmitting probe 11 are all connected with the voltage conversion integrated board 6; the first signal receiving probe 10 is respectively connected with the data acquisition card 8 and the digital oscilloscope 9; the power cathode 16 of the excitation signal transmitting probe is connected with the GND of the voltage conversion integrated board 6; the excitation signal input negative phase 17 is connected with the output negative phase of the digital signal generator 3; the excitation signal input normal phase 18 is connected with the output normal phase of the digital signal generator 3; the positive electrode 19 of the excitation signal transmitting probe power supply is connected with +5v of the voltage conversion integrated board 6; the positive electrode 22 of the signal receiving probe power supply is connected with +5v of the voltage conversion integrated board 6; the signal receiving probe output normal phase 23 is connected with a normal phase input port of the data acquisition card 8 and the digital oscilloscope 9; the negative electrode 27 of the signal receiving probe power supply is connected with the GND of the voltage conversion integrated board 6; the signal receiving probe output negative phase 28 is connected with a negative phase input port of the data acquisition card 8 and the digital oscilloscope 9; the data acquisition card 8 is connected with the data acquisition computer 7 through a USB interface.
The phonon signal receiving and transmitting module I consists of a first signal receiving probe 10, a first signal receiving patch antenna 13, a first excitation signal transmitting probe 2 and a first signal transmitting patch antenna 14; the phonon signal receiving-transmitting module II consists of a second signal receiving probe 1, a second signal receiving patch antenna 15, a second excitation signal transmitting probe 11 and a second signal transmitting patch antenna 12.
The first excitation signal transmitting probe 2 and the second excitation signal transmitting probe 11 comprise a frequency-selecting dial switch 20, a carrier modulator 21, an excitation signal input positive phase 18, an excitation signal input negative phase 17, an excitation signal transmitting probe power supply positive electrode 19 and an excitation signal transmitting probe power supply negative electrode 16; the second signal receiving probe 1 and the first signal receiving probe 10 each comprise a carrier demodulator 25, a frequency selection switch button 24, a signal receiving indicator lamp 26, a signal receiving probe output positive phase 23, a signal receiving probe output negative phase 28, a signal receiving probe power supply positive electrode 22 and a signal receiving probe power supply negative electrode 27.
The digital signal generator 3 provides original excitation signals for the first excitation signal transmitting probe 2 and the second excitation signal transmitting probe 11, the excitation signal transmitting probe modulates the excitation signals into 433MHz radio frequency transmission signals, the 433MHz radio frequency transmission signals act on the pipeline 4 to be detected through the signal transmitting patch antenna, the pipe body is damaged by external force to generate defects, cracks and the like, so that internal crystal lattice vibration of the material can be caused, energy is locally concentrated, phonon lattice wave energy among atomic bonds of the pipe body material is excited, a phonon radiation field is generated, the radio frequency transmission signals and phonon energy waves are electromagnetically coupled to form electromagnetic phonons at the damaged position of the pipeline 4 to be detected, the original radio frequency signals are subjected to energy change, and the second signal receiving probe 1 and the first signal receiving probe 10 respectively demodulate the received electromagnetic phonon signals through the second signal receiving patch antenna 15 and the first signal receiving patch antenna 13 and store the demodulated electromagnetic phonon signals in the data acquisition computer 7 through the data acquisition card 8, so that phonon defect information on the pipeline 4 to be detected is obtained.
The method for diagnosing and locating a damaged phonon energy wave of a pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the excitation signal transmitting probe carries a frequency-selecting dial switch 20, the signal receiving probe carries a frequency-selecting switch button 24, and frequency points can be switched through the frequency-selecting button to ensure that the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules I and II are not affected by each other. The sampling rate is 44.1KHz, and the frequency response is 20 Hz-20 KHz, so that the low-frequency excitation signal can be transmitted and received.
The method for diagnosing and positioning the phonon energy wave of the damaged sound of the pipeline according to the claim 1, wherein the first excitation signal transmitting probe 2 and the second excitation signal transmitting probe 11 are provided with carrier modulators 21, the second signal receiving probe 1 and the first signal receiving probe 10 are provided with carrier demodulators 25, the input and the analog output of the analog signal of the digital signal generator 3 can be realized, and the signal transmitting and receiving patch antennas can be well coupled with the pipeline body by adopting flexible patch antennas with built-in FPCs.
The method for diagnosing and locating the phonon energy wave of the pipeline injury according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the digital signal generator 3 stores the collected data into the data collecting computer 7 through the excitation signal transmitting probe and the signal receiving probe by using excitation signals with different frequencies, and the collected data is sent to the data processing computer 5 for data processing. The digital oscilloscope 9 is connected with the phonon signal receiving module to monitor the signal change in the acquisition process in real time.
The method for diagnosing and locating a damaged phonon energy wave of a pipeline according to claim 1 or 4, wherein a transceiver module at one end of the pipeline is fixed, the positions of the relative defects of the transceiver module at the other end are sequentially changed, sample data acquisition is carried out on the pipeline 4 to be tested at different defect distances of different excitation frequencies, the amplitude point taking under the frequency domain is realized on a data processing computer 5, and the characteristic relation between the pipeline defect positions and the signal transmitting patch antenna distances is calculated by a mathematical statistical method.
The method for diagnosing and locating a pipeline damage phonon energy wave according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the defect locating is realized by comparing the characteristic relation between the signal receiving patch antenna of the sample and the pipeline defect distance through the statistical analysis of the pipeline extracted data. The phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules I and II can improve defect positioning accuracy and positioning result checking calculation.
The method for diagnosing and locating a damaged-pipe phonon energy wave according to claim 1, wherein the method for diagnosing and locating a damaged-pipe phonon energy wave comprises the following steps:
(1) The first signal transmitting patch antenna 14 of the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module I and the second signal receiving patch antenna 15 of the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module II are attached to the same end of the pipeline pipe body, the first signal receiving patch antenna 13 of the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module I and the second signal transmitting patch antenna 12 of the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module II are attached to the other end of the pipeline pipe body, and the voltage conversion integrated board 6 provides power for the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules.
(2) The frequency-selecting dial switch 20 of the excitation signal transmitting probe is adjusted to enable the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules to work at different frequency points respectively, the digital signal generator 3 is connected with the excitation signal input positive phase 18 and the excitation signal input negative phase 17 of the excitation signal transmitting probe, the frequency-selecting switching key 24 of the signal receiving probe is pressed to enable the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules to be matched with the respective excitation signal transmitting probes respectively, and the signal receiving indicator lamp 26 is turned on to be matched successfully.
(3) The signal receiving probe is connected to the data acquisition card 8 by a data line, the digital oscilloscope 9 monitors the change of signals in the acquisition process in real time through the phonon signal receiving module, and the data acquisition card 8 is connected with the data acquisition computer 7 for data acquisition and storage.
(4) The distance between the signal receiving and transmitting patch antennas at two ends of the pipeline and the defect position of the pipeline is measured and recorded, the digital signal generator 3 is used for setting and outputting sinusoidal signals, the output frequency of 20Hz-100Hz is sequentially carried out, the acquired experimental data set is stored in the data acquisition computer 7, then the position of the signal receiving and transmitting antenna at one end of the pipeline from the defect position is changed, the distance is measured, the signal acquisition work under a plurality of groups of different excitation frequencies is carried out again, and the signal acquisition and the storage of a plurality of groups of non-equidistant signals are carried out in the experimental mode.
(5) Copying the data stored under the multiple groups of working conditions to a data processing computer 5 for data analysis, carrying out frequency domain analysis through Fourier transformation, carrying out amplitude point taking on the data collected under different working conditions, storing and recording, calculating the mathematical characteristic relation between the pipeline defect position and the distance between phonon signal transmitting patch antennas by a mathematical statistical method, and taking the mathematical characteristic relation as an experimental comparison sample.
(6) Phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules I and II are arranged at random positions on two sides of a pipe body of a pipeline 4 to be detected, a digital signal generator 3 is used as an output excitation source, a plurality of groups of sinusoidal signals under different excitation frequencies are sequentially carried out, and the acquired signals with different frequencies are recorded and stored in a data acquisition computer 7 through a data acquisition card 8.
(7) Copying the data acquired in the step (6) to a data processing computer 5, carrying out amplitude point taking on the data acquired by the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules I and II through different frequencies in a frequency domain, carrying out mathematical statistical calculation, and carrying out comparison analysis and positioning on the defect positions with the same-frequency signals of known defect positions in the sample.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The technical method is less limited by the pipe diameter and the length of the pipeline, can realize the free detection of any distance of the pipe body of the pipeline, and solves the technical problem that the defect detection of crossing the pipeline is difficult to realize in the prior detection technology.
2. The technical method utilizes the solid physical phonon theory to collect and process the information of the energy wave of the pipeline defect phonon, and calculates and identifies the defect position through strict mathematical statistics and a sample method.
3. The technical method can monitor the formation and development process of the pipeline defect through processing and analyzing the collected phonon information, detect phonon energy waves generated by fine damage of materials, realize real-time diagnosis and position judgment in the pipeline defect formation process, and achieve early identification and accident prevention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for diagnosing, locating and detecting phonon energy waves of damaged pipelines in the invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the pin marks associated with the excitation signal transmitting and signal receiving probes of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a signal display diagram of a phonon signal receiving module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of data acquisition by a data acquisition computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating equidistant movement of a signal patch antenna according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of a curve of data collected by a data processing computer at different distances after FFT according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of an amplitude point-taking mode after FFT transformation of data acquired at different distances according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a table of mathematical statistics and standard deviation calculation samples after the point-taking of the amplitude data according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings:
The device comprises a 1-signal receiving probe, a 2-excitation signal transmitting probe, a 3-digital signal generator, a 4-pipeline to be detected, a 5-data processing computer, a 6-voltage conversion integrated board, a 7-data acquisition computer, an 8-data acquisition card, a 9-digital oscilloscope, a 10-signal receiving probe, an 11-excitation signal transmitting probe, a 12-signal transmitting patch antenna, a 13-signal receiving patch antenna, a 14-signal transmitting patch antenna, a 15-signal receiving patch antenna, a 16-excitation signal transmitting probe power supply cathode, a 17-excitation signal input cathode, an 18-excitation signal input anode, a 19-excitation signal transmitting probe power supply anode, a 20-frequency-selecting dial switch, a 21-carrier modulator, a 22-signal receiving probe power supply anode, a 23-signal receiving probe output cathode, a 24-frequency-selecting switch button, a 25-carrier demodulator, a 26-signal receiving indicator lamp, a 27-signal receiving probe power supply cathode and a 28-signal receiving probe output cathode.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings.
The following implementation examples will be used to disclose the application possibilities of the pipeline lesion phonon energy wave diagnostic technique and localization method. As shown in fig. 1, the pipeline damage phonon energy wave diagnosis positioning detection system comprises: the system comprises a signal receiving probe 1, an excitation signal transmitting probe 2, digital signal generators 3, 10m pipelines to be detected 4, a data processing computer 5, a voltage conversion integrated board 6, a data acquisition computer 7, a data acquisition card 8, a digital oscilloscope 9, a signal receiving probe 10 and an excitation signal transmitting probe 11.
For the detection of 10m buried steel pipes with defective holes, the following steps are carried out:
The first step is that the signal transmitting patch antenna 14 of the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module I and the signal receiving patch antenna 15 of the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module II are attached to the same end of the pipe body, the signal receiving patch antenna 13 of the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module I and the signal transmitting patch antenna 12 of the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module II are attached to the other end of the pipe body, and the voltage conversion integrated board 6 provides power for the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules.
Step two, adjusting the frequency-selecting dial switch 20 of the excitation signal transmitting probes 2 and 11 to enable the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules to work at different frequency points respectively, connecting the positive excitation signal input 18 and the negative excitation signal input 17 of the digital signal generator 3 through the excitation signal transmitting probes, pressing the frequency-selecting switching key 24 of the signal receiving probes to enable the two groups of phonon signal receiving modules to be matched with the respective excitation signal transmitting probes respectively, and enabling the signal receiving indicator lamp 26 to be on, so that the matching is successful.
And thirdly, connecting the signal receiving probes 1 and 10 to a data acquisition card 8 by utilizing a data line, connecting a digital oscilloscope 9 with a phonon signal receiving module to monitor the change of signals in the acquisition process in real time, and connecting the data acquisition card 8 with a data acquisition computer 7 to acquire and store data.
And fourthly, measuring and recording the distance between the signal receiving and transmitting patch antennas at two ends of the pipeline relative to the defect position of the pipeline on the defective pipeline, setting and outputting sinusoidal signals by using the digital signal generator 3, sequentially carrying out output frequencies of 20Hz-100Hz, acquiring five minutes each time, storing the acquired experimental data in the data acquisition computer 7, changing the position of the signal receiving and transmitting patch antenna at one end of the pipeline from the defect position and measuring the distance, and carrying out excitation signal acquisition work of 20Hz-100Hz again. The signals of different distances of 2m, 4m, 6m, 8m and 10m are acquired and stored in the experimental mode.
And fifthly, copying the data stored under the multiple groups of working conditions to a data processing computer 5 for data analysis, carrying out frequency domain analysis through Fourier transformation, carrying out amplitude point taking on the acquired data, storing and recording, respectively calculating amplitude mathematical standard deviations when the distances of the pipeline defect positions relative to phonon signal transmitting antennas are 2m, 4m, 6m, 8m and 10m, and taking the amplitude mathematical standard deviations as experimental comparison samples.
Step six, blind detection of pipe body defects is carried out, phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules I and II are arranged at random positions on two sides of the pipe body defects of the pipeline, the distance between phonon signal receiving and transmitting antennas of each group is 6m, a digital signal generator 3 is turned on, sinusoidal signals which are increased by 10Hz at 20Hz-100Hz frequency are sequentially excited, and a data acquisition card 8 stores acquired data packets in a data acquisition computer 7.
And seventhly, analyzing the acquired data in a frequency domain, taking the amplitude of the data acquired by the two groups of phonon signals through different frequencies, calculating mathematical standard deviation calculation results of 0.0021477 and 0.006943 respectively and comparing the mathematical standard deviation calculation results with a standard deviation 0.0029403 of a known 6m defect position in a sample, and calculating that a phonon signal transmitting module I is about 1.55m away from the defect position and a phonon signal transmitting module II is about 4.38m away from the defect position, wherein the sum of the two is equal to the test length of 6m so as to position the defect position.
The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A system for pipeline injury phonon energy wave diagnosis and localization, comprising: the device comprises a second signal receiving probe (1), a first excitation signal transmitting probe (2), a digital signal generator (3), a pipeline to be detected (4), a data processing computer (5), a voltage conversion integrated board (6), a data acquisition computer (7), a data acquisition card (8), a digital oscilloscope (9), a first signal receiving probe (10) and a second excitation signal transmitting probe (11);
One end of the pipeline (4) to be detected is provided with a second signal transmitting patch antenna (12) and a first signal receiving patch antenna (13), and the other end is provided with a first signal transmitting patch antenna (14) and a second signal receiving patch antenna (15); the second signal transmitting patch antenna (12) is connected with the second excitation signal transmitting probe (11), and the first signal receiving patch antenna (13) is connected with the first signal receiving probe (10); the first signal transmitting patch antenna (14) is connected with the first excitation signal transmitting probe (2), and the second signal receiving patch antenna (15) is connected with the second signal receiving probe (1); the second signal receiving probe (1), the first excitation signal transmitting probe (2), the first signal receiving probe (10) and the second excitation signal transmitting probe (11) are all connected with the voltage conversion integrated board (6); the first signal receiving probe (10) is respectively connected with the data acquisition card (8) and the digital oscilloscope (9); the power negative electrode (16) of the excitation signal transmitting probe is connected with the GND of the voltage conversion integrated board (6); the excitation signal input negative phase (17) is connected with the output negative phase of the digital signal generator (3); the excitation signal input normal phase (18) is connected with the output normal phase of the digital signal generator (3); the positive electrode (19) of the excitation signal transmitting probe power supply is connected with +5v of the voltage conversion integrated board (6); the positive electrode (22) of the signal receiving probe power supply is connected with +5v of the voltage conversion integrated board (6); the signal receiving probe output normal phase (23) is connected with the normal phase input ports of the data acquisition card (8) and the digital oscilloscope (9); the negative electrode (27) of the signal receiving probe power supply is connected with the GND of the voltage conversion integrated board (6); the signal receiving probe output negative phase (28) is connected with a negative phase input port of the data acquisition card (8) and the digital oscilloscope (9); the data acquisition card (8) is connected with the data acquisition computer (7) through a USB interface;
the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module I consists of a first signal receiving probe (10), a first signal receiving patch antenna (13), a first excitation signal transmitting probe (2) and a first signal transmitting patch antenna (14); the phonon signal receiving and transmitting module II consists of a second signal receiving probe (1), a second signal receiving patch antenna (15), a second excitation signal transmitting probe (11) and a second signal transmitting patch antenna (12);
The first excitation signal transmitting probe (2) and the second excitation signal transmitting probe (11) comprise a frequency-selecting dial switch (20), a carrier modulator (21), an excitation signal input positive phase (18), an excitation signal input negative phase (17), an excitation signal transmitting probe power supply positive electrode (19) and an excitation signal transmitting probe power supply negative electrode (16); the second signal receiving probe (1) and the first signal receiving probe (10) both comprise a carrier demodulator (25), a frequency selection switching key (24), a signal receiving indicator lamp (26), a positive phase output (23) of the signal receiving probe, a negative phase output (28) of the signal receiving probe, a positive power supply (22) of the signal receiving probe and a negative power supply (27) of the signal receiving probe;
The digital signal generator (3) provides original excitation signals for the first excitation signal transmitting probe (2) and the second excitation signal transmitting probe (11), the excitation signals are modulated into 433MHz radio frequency transmission signals by the excitation signal transmitting probe, the 433MHz radio frequency transmission signals are acted on a pipeline (4) to be detected through the signal transmitting patch antenna, the pipeline body is damaged under the action of external force, crack damage is generated, so that internal lattice vibration of materials can be caused, energy is locally concentrated, phonon lattice wave energy among atomic bonds of the pipeline body is excited, a phonon radiation field is generated, the radio frequency transmission signals and phonon energy wave are electromagnetically coupled into electromagnetic phonons at the damaged position of the pipeline (4) to be detected, the original radio frequency signals are enabled to change in energy, and the second signal receiving probe (1) and the first signal receiving probe (10) respectively store the received electromagnetic phonon signals in the data acquisition computer (7) through the second signal receiving patch antenna (15) and the first signal receiving patch antenna (13) after demodulation, so that phonon defect information on the pipeline (4) to be detected is acquired;
Fixing a receiving and transmitting module patch antenna on one side of a tube body, measuring the distance L 0 of the relative defect of the receiving and transmitting module patch antenna, recording the distance L 1 of the relative defect position of the receiving and transmitting module patch antenna on the other side of the tube body, carrying out receiving and transmitting acquisition work of a group of signals with different excitation frequencies, moving the receiving and transmitting module patch antenna distance and recording the distance L 2 for acquisition work, sequentially increasing the same distance to record the distance L 3(4.5.6 of the relative defect position of the receiving and transmitting module patch antenna, processing the data acquired at different distances in the same coordinate system under the frequency domain, selecting the same position near the main frequency to extract amplitude v data and counting;
Calculating the mathematical relationship between the amplitude values corresponding to the different distances under the same frequency, calculating the mean value by a formula (1), and calculating the mathematical standard deviation by a formula (2), and taking the mathematical standard deviation as a comparison sample under the working condition; when pipeline detection is carried out, the mathematical standard deviation S 'is calculated by using the same data processing method, the distance between the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules is measured, the sample standard deviation S which is equal to the distance L is selected, the distances L1' and L2 'of the two groups of phonon signal transmitting modules relative to the defect are calculated according to a formula (3) so as to position the defect, wherein L' is equal to the sum of L1 'and L2', and further the defect position is calculated and verified.
2. The system for diagnosing and positioning the phonon energy wave of the pipeline damage according to claim 1, wherein the excitation signal transmitting probe carries a frequency-selecting dial switch (20), the signal receiving probe carries a frequency-selecting switching key (24), and the frequency points are switched through the frequency-selecting key so as to ensure that the two groups of phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules I and II are not mutually influenced; the sampling rate is 44.1KHz, and the frequency response is 20 Hz-20 KHz, so as to transmit and receive the low-frequency excitation signal.
3. The system for diagnosing and positioning the phonon energy wave of the damaged sound of the pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the first excitation signal transmitting probe (2) and the second excitation signal transmitting probe (11) are provided with carrier modulators (21), the second signal receiving probe (1) and the first signal receiving probe (10) are provided with carrier demodulators (25), the input and the analog output of the analog signals of the digital signal generator (3) can be realized, and the signal transmitting and receiving patch antennas are coupled with the pipeline body by adopting flexible patch antennas with built-in Flexible Printed Circuits (FPC).
4. The pipeline damage phonon energy wave diagnosis and positioning system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the digital signal generator (3) stores collected data into the data acquisition computer (7) through the excitation signal transmitting probe and the signal receiving probe by using excitation signals with different frequencies, and the collected data is sent to the data processing computer (5) for data processing; a digital oscilloscope (9) is connected with a phonon signal receiving module to monitor the signal change in the acquisition process in real time.
5. The system for diagnosing and locating a pipeline damage phonon energy wave according to claim 1, wherein the defect locating is realized by comparing the characteristic relation between the signal receiving patch antenna of the sample and the pipeline defect distance through the statistical analysis of the pipeline extracted data; the phonon signal receiving and transmitting modules I and II can improve defect positioning accuracy and positioning result checking calculation.
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