CN113103877A - Electric retarder system and automobile - Google Patents
Electric retarder system and automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113103877A CN113103877A CN202110557189.4A CN202110557189A CN113103877A CN 113103877 A CN113103877 A CN 113103877A CN 202110557189 A CN202110557189 A CN 202110557189A CN 113103877 A CN113103877 A CN 113103877A
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- motor
- electric
- electrically connected
- automobile
- heat exchanger
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T5/00—Vehicle modifications to facilitate cooling of brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of retarder, and discloses an electric retarder system and an automobile, wherein the electric retarder system comprises: the energy recovery assembly comprises a motor and a motor controller which are electrically connected, the motor is in transmission connection with the automobile gearbox, when a driver steps on a brake, the motor works in a generator state, the motor provides braking torque and is applied to the transmission shaft through the automobile gearbox, and the motor controller is used for controlling the output of generated current; a switching device electrically connected with the motor controller and having a first on state and a second on state; a battery electrically connected to the switching device, the motor controller being electrically connected to the battery when the switching device is in a first on state; and the electric heat exchanger is electrically connected with the switching device, and when the switching device is in a second connection state, the electric heat exchanger is electrically connected with the motor controller. The automobile comprises the electric retarder system. The electric retarder system and the automobile provided by the invention have better braking effect and lower energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of retarders, in particular to an electric retarder system and an automobile.
Background
Heavy trucks that run in plateau mountain areas for a long time often face the operating mode of continuous downhill braking, and the brake block easily generates heat under this operating mode, leads to having the hidden danger that the brake block burns out. The solution in the prior art is to add a retarder on the automobile brake system, where the retarder converts the brake energy into heat energy, and then dissipates the heat energy through an engine cooling system, and this way can effectively improve the phenomenon of brake pad burning due to heating, but the dissipation of energy in the braking process is useless, resulting in energy waste, and not meeting the requirement of energy saving.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the present invention provides an electric retarder system to solve the technical problem of brake energy waste of the retarder in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an automobile, which includes the above electric retarder system, and has higher braking energy recovery efficiency, and better meets the requirement of environmental protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric retarder system, comprising:
the energy recovery assembly comprises a motor and a motor controller which are electrically connected, an input shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with an automobile gearbox, when a driver steps on a brake, the motor can drive power generation through the automobile gearbox and apply resistance torque to an automobile transmission shaft through the automobile gearbox, and the motor controller is used for controlling the output of generated current;
a switching device electrically connected to the motor controller, the switching device having a first on state and a second on state;
a battery electrically connected to the switching device, the motor controller being electrically connected to the battery when the switching device is in the first on state, the motor charging the battery;
and the electric heat exchanger is electrically connected with the switching device, when the switching device is in the second connection state, the motor controller is electrically connected with the electric heat exchanger, and the electric heat exchanger converts the generated current into heat energy and dissipates the heat energy.
As a preferred scheme of the electric retarder system, the motor is in transmission connection with the automobile gearbox through gear transmission.
As a preferred solution of the electric retarder system, the electric machine has a generator mode and a motor mode, the electric machine is in the generator mode when the vehicle brakes, and the electric machine is in the motor mode or is turned off when the vehicle runs.
As a preferred aspect of the electric retarder system, the switching device is configured to:
when the motor is in the generator mode and the electric quantity of the battery is lower than a set electric quantity, the switch device is in the first connection state;
when the motor is in the generator mode and the electric quantity of the battery is higher than the set electric quantity, the switch device is in the second on state;
the switching device is in the first on state when the motor is in a motor mode.
As a preferred scheme of the electric retarder system, the motor controller is a rectifier inverter, when the motor is in the generator mode, the motor controller rectifies the generated current, and when the motor is in the motor mode, the motor controller inverts the charging current.
As an optimal scheme of the electric retarder system, the electric heat exchanger is communicated with a cooling system of an automobile, the cooling system comprises a thermostat, the thermostat is provided with a water inlet, a first water outlet and a second water outlet, a cooling flow channel is arranged in the electric heat exchanger, the water inlet of the cooling flow channel is communicated with the water outlet of the engine, the water outlet of the cooling flow channel is communicated with the water inlet of the thermostat, the first water outlet of the thermostat is communicated with the water inlet of the engine, and the engine, the electric heat exchanger and the thermostat form a small circulation of the cooling system.
As an optimal scheme of the electric retarder system, the cooling system further comprises a heat dissipation water tank, a water inlet of the heat dissipation water tank is communicated with the second water outlet, a water outlet of the heat dissipation water tank is communicated with a water inlet of the engine, and the engine, the electric heat exchanger, the thermostat and the heat dissipation water tank form a large circulation of the cooling system.
As a preferable scheme of the electric retarder system, a switching valve is arranged in the thermostat, and the switching valve can selectively enable a water inlet of the thermostat to be communicated with the first water outlet or the second water outlet.
An automobile comprising an electric retarder system according to any of the above aspects.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the electric retarder system provided by the invention can achieve the same braking effect as the traditional retarder by using the electric heat exchanger, can also utilize the motor and the battery to recover the braking energy to the maximum extent, and the recovered energy can be used for vehicle auxiliary driving, so that the energy is recycled, and the effect of saving the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is achieved.
The automobile provided by the invention adopts the electric retarder, has higher braking energy recovery efficiency, has lower energy consumption of the whole automobile, and better meets the requirement of environmental protection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric retarder system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The figures are labeled as follows:
1. a motor; 11. a motor input gear; 2. a motor controller; 3. a switching device; 4. a battery; 5. an electric heat exchanger; 10. an engine; 20. an automotive transmission; 201. a gearbox brake gear; 30. a thermostat; 40. a heat radiation water tank; 50. an axle; 60. and (7) wheels.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an electric retarder system, which is mainly applied to a heavy-duty commercial vehicle, and is used for providing braking assistance in a continuous braking condition, preventing an automobile brake pad from being burned due to overheating, and recovering energy to a certain extent. This electric retarder system includes: the energy recovery assembly comprises a motor 1 and a motor controller 2 which are electrically connected, an input shaft of the motor 1 is in transmission connection with an automobile gearbox 20, when an automobile is braked, the motor 1 can be driven by the automobile gearbox 20 to generate electricity and apply resistance torque to the automobile gearbox 20, and the motor controller 2 is used for controlling the output of generated current; a switching device 3 electrically connected to the motor controller 2, the switching device 3 having a first on state and a second on state; the battery 4 is electrically connected with the switch device 3, when the switch device 3 is in a first connection state, the motor controller 2 is electrically connected with the battery 4, and the motor 1 charges the battery 4; and the electric heat exchanger 5 is electrically connected with the switch device 3, when the switch device 3 is in a second connection state, the motor controller 2 is electrically connected with the electric heat exchanger 5, and the electric heat exchanger 5 converts the generated current into heat energy and dissipates the heat energy.
The electric retarder system provided by the invention can achieve the same braking effect as the traditional retarder by using the electric heat exchanger 5, can also utilize the motor 1 and the battery 4 to recover the braking energy to the maximum extent, and the recovered energy can also be used for auxiliary driving of the vehicle, so that the energy is recycled, and the effect of saving the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is achieved. The electric retarder system is simple in principle and structure and can be conveniently integrated with a cooling system of an automobile.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the motor 1 is in transmission connection with the automobile transmission 20 through gear transmission, a transmission brake gear 201 is sleeved on an output shaft of the automobile transmission 20, a motor input gear 11 is sleeved on an input shaft of the motor 1, and the motor input gear 11 is meshed with the transmission brake gear 201. When the automobile brakes, the automobile gearbox 20 drives the rotor winding of the motor 1 to rotate through gear engagement, the rotor winding of the motor 1 cuts the magnetic induction lines generated by the magnet exciting coil in the stator winding of the motor to generate resistance torque, and the resistance torque is applied to the output shaft of the automobile gearbox 20, so that the auxiliary braking effect is achieved. Of course, in other embodiments, the input shaft of the motor 1 may also be in transmission connection with the output shaft of the vehicle transmission 20 by other suitable means, such as a chain transmission or a belt transmission, which is not limited by the present invention.
The motor 1 has a generator mode and a motor mode, and when the automobile is braked, the motor 1 is in the generator mode, and when the automobile is operated and auxiliary driving is needed, the motor 1 is in the motor mode. The working principle of the motor 1 in the generator mode is as above, exciting current is introduced into the exciting coil, and the rotor winding of the motor 1 cuts the magnetic induction line to generate electricity and generate resistance torque. When the electric machine 1 is in motor mode, it is powered and rotated by the battery 4 to provide auxiliary power for the rotation of the vehicle gearbox 20.
The working current of the motor 1 and the generated current generated during power generation are both alternating currents, and the input currents of the battery 4 and the electric heat exchanger 5 are both direct currents, and in the embodiment, the current is processed by the motor controller 2 to meet the requirements of current output and current input. The motor controller 2 is a rectifier inverter including an integrated rectifier and inverter, the rectifier operates and the inverter does not operate when the motor 1 is in the generator mode, and the motor controller 2 rectifies the generated current into direct current to output to the battery 4 or the electric heat exchanger 5. When the motor 1 is in the motor mode, the inverter works, the rectifier does not work, and the motor controller 2 inverts the direct current output by the battery 4 into alternating current to meet the operation requirement of the motor 1.
When the motor 1 is in the generator mode, the switching device 3 selectively connects the generated current to the battery 4 or the electric heat exchanger 5 as needed. Specifically, when the charge of the battery 4 is lower than the set charge, the switching device 3 is in the first on state, the motor 1 is electrically connected to the battery 4, and the motor 1 charges the battery 4. When the electric quantity of the battery 4 is higher than the set electric quantity, the switch device 3 is in a second connection state, the motor 1 is electrically connected with the electric heat exchanger 5, and the current generated by the motor 1 is converted into heat energy through the electric heat exchanger 5 and is dissipated. The setting power can be set as required, and optionally, the setting power accounts for 40% -80% of the total power of the battery 4. Preferably, the set charge amount is set to 70% of the total charge amount of the battery 4.
When the electric machine 1 is in the motoring mode, the switching means 3 are in a first on state, in which the battery 4 supplies the electric machine 1 via the machine controller 2.
The electric heat exchanger 5 is communicated with a cooling system of the automobile and converts electric energy generated by braking into heat energy to be dissipated. The cooling system of the vehicle comprises a thermostat 30, the thermostat 30 having a water inlet, a first water outlet and a second water outlet. The electric heat exchanger 5 is internally provided with a cooling flow passage, a water inlet of the cooling flow passage is communicated with a water outlet of the engine 10, a water outlet of the cooling flow passage is communicated with a water inlet of the thermostat 30, a first water outlet of the thermostat 30 is communicated with a water inlet of the engine 10, and the engine 10, the electric heat exchanger 5 and the thermostat 30 form a small circulation of a cooling system. The electric heat exchanger 5 is electrified to generate heat, and the heat energy is taken away by cooling water and dissipated in a small circulation process.
Further, the cooling system of the automobile further comprises a heat-dissipating water tank 40, a water inlet of the heat-dissipating water tank 40 is communicated with a second water outlet of the thermostat 30, a water outlet of the heat-dissipating water tank 40 is communicated with a water inlet of the engine 10, and the engine 10, the electric heat exchanger 5, the thermostat 30 and the heat-dissipating water tank 40 form a large circulation of the cooling system. A switching valve and a controller are provided in the thermostat 30, and the controller can control the movement of the switching valve according to the water temperature, so that the water inlet of the thermostat 30 is selectively communicated with the first water outlet or the second water outlet. The electric heat exchanger 5 is electrified to generate heat, heat energy is carried into the cooling water tank 40 by the cooling water, and the cooling water tank 40 is continuously swept by a cooling fan in transmission connection with the engine 10, so that the heat dissipation of the cooling water inside the cooling water is realized.
The invention also provides an automobile which comprises the electric retarder system, and the automobile applies auxiliary resistance torque to the automobile gearbox 20 through the electric retarder so as to increase the resistance torque applied to the axle 50 and the wheels 60 and improve the braking effect. Meanwhile, the automobile provided by the invention can also realize braking energy recovery by utilizing the electric retarder, and has higher energy utilization efficiency and whole automobile efficiency.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An electric retarder system, comprising:
the energy recovery assembly comprises a motor (1) and a motor controller (2) which are electrically connected, an input shaft of the motor (1) is in transmission connection with an automobile gearbox (20), when a driver steps on a brake, the motor (1) can drive power generation through the automobile gearbox (20) and apply a resistance moment to an automobile transmission shaft through the automobile gearbox (20), and the motor controller (2) is used for controlling the output of generated current;
a switching device (3) electrically connected to the motor controller (2), the switching device (3) having a first on-state and a second on-state;
a battery (4) electrically connected to the switching device (3), wherein when the switching device (3) is in the first on state, the motor controller (2) is electrically connected to the battery (4), and the motor (1) charges the battery (4);
and the electric heat exchanger (5) is electrically connected with the switch device (3), when the switch device (3) is in the second connection state, the motor controller (2) is electrically connected with the electric heat exchanger (5), and the electric heat exchanger (5) converts the generated current into heat energy and dissipates the heat energy.
2. An electric retarder system according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric machine (1) is in driving connection with the car gearbox (20) through a gear transmission.
3. An electrodynamic retarder system according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric machine (1) has a generator mode and a motor mode, the electric machine (1) being in the generator mode when the vehicle is braking, the electric machine (1) being in the motor mode or switched off when the vehicle is running.
4. An electric retarder system according to claim 3, characterized in that the switching device (3) is configured to:
when the motor (1) is in the generator mode and the electric quantity of the battery (4) is lower than a set electric quantity, the switch device (3) is in the first on state;
when the motor (1) is in the generator mode and the electric quantity of the battery (4) is higher than the set electric quantity, the switch device (3) is in the second on state;
the switching device (3) is in the first on state when the electric machine (1) is in the motor mode.
5. An electrodynamic retarder system according to claim 4, characterized in that the motor controller (2) is a commutating inverter, the motor controller (2) rectifies the generated current when the motor (1) is in the generator mode, and the motor controller (2) inverts the charging current when the motor (1) is in the motor mode.
6. The electric retarder system according to claim 1, wherein the electric heat exchanger (5) is in communication with a cooling system of a vehicle, the cooling system comprises a thermostat (30), the thermostat (30) has a water inlet, a first water outlet and a second water outlet, a cooling flow passage is provided in the electric heat exchanger (5), the water inlet of the cooling flow passage is communicated with a water outlet of an engine (10), the water outlet of the cooling flow passage is communicated with the water inlet of the thermostat (30), the first water outlet of the thermostat (30) is communicated with the water inlet of the engine (10), and the engine (10), the electric heat exchanger (5) and the thermostat (30) constitute a small circulation of the cooling system.
7. The electric retarder system according to claim 6, wherein the cooling system further comprises a radiator tank (40), a water inlet of the radiator tank (40) is communicated with the second water outlet, a water outlet of the radiator tank (40) is communicated with a water inlet of the engine (10), and the engine (10), the electric heat exchanger (5), the thermostat (30) and the radiator tank (40) constitute a major cycle of the cooling system.
8. The electric retarder system of claim 7, wherein a switching valve is provided in the thermostat (30), the switching valve being capable of selectively communicating the water inlet of the thermostat (30) with the first water outlet or the second water outlet.
9. An automobile, characterized in that it comprises an electric retarder system according to any of claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110557189.4A CN113103877A (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | Electric retarder system and automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110557189.4A CN113103877A (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | Electric retarder system and automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113103877A true CN113103877A (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110557189.4A Pending CN113103877A (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | Electric retarder system and automobile |
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| CN (1) | CN113103877A (en) |
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