CN113101888A - Composite aerogel and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Composite aerogel and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113101888A
CN113101888A CN202110380124.7A CN202110380124A CN113101888A CN 113101888 A CN113101888 A CN 113101888A CN 202110380124 A CN202110380124 A CN 202110380124A CN 113101888 A CN113101888 A CN 113101888A
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aerogel
magnesium
composite aerogel
copper alloy
cellulose
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CN113101888B (en
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李锁定
薛云艳
莫恒亮
陈亦力
刘曼曼
薛圣炀
孟佳意
张金星
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Beijing Originwater Membrane Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28047—Gels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen

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Abstract

The invention provides a composite aerogel, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composite aerogel is hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel containing ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy. After the composite aerogel quickly and efficiently adsorbs the trichloromethane in the water, the trichloromethane in the water can be efficiently and fundamentally removed under the combined action of the ferroferric oxide and the magnesium-copper alloy in the composite aerogel, the removal rate is high, the removal rate is as high as 99.99%, the removal effect is good, and the quality of drinking water is remarkably improved.

Description

Composite aerogel and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to a composite aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The water treatment disinfection process is an important basic unit for ensuring the safety of drinking water, and liquid chlorine disinfection is generally adopted, and the main purposes of the disinfection process are to kill germs and inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. However, with the serious water pollution, part of organic matters are not completely removed in the coagulation process and enter the disinfection process to react with chlorine to generate disinfection byproducts. Chloroform and haloacetic acid are the main disinfection byproducts, and account for more than 80 percent of the disinfection byproducts. Chloroform is a highly toxic substance, and chronic poisoning symptoms such as nervousness, insomnia and carcinogenic risk can be caused when the chloroform is contacted for a long time. Therefore, the efficient removal of disinfection byproducts such as chloroform is an important goal to ensure the safety of drinking water. At present, the removal methods aiming at the generated trichloromethane mainly comprise a photocatalysis method, an activated carbon adsorption method and a reduction method.
The photocatalysis method is mainly catalytic oxidation, and hydroxyl free radicals generated by the catalyst under the irradiation of ultraviolet light can directly oxidize and decompose organic chlorides such as trichloromethane and the like into nontoxic chloride ions and carbon dioxide, and the method is a commonly used method for removing the trichloromethane in water at present. However, this method has the disadvantage of low efficiency of light energy utilization, and the efficiency is also limited by the nature of the catalyst, the wavelength of the light and the reactor. In addition, the catalyst is difficult to recover because the catalyst is mostly nano-particles, and the catalyst is easy to deactivate.
In the activated carbon adsorption method, activated carbon is mainly classified into activated carbon particles and activated carbon fibers. Wherein, the activated carbon particles have relatively weak ability of adsorbing the trichloromethane due to less contact surface with water. Although the contact area of the activated carbon particles can be increased and the adsorption capacity can be improved, the larger the resistance of water (the pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet), the more easily the activated carbon leaks. Although the active carbon fiber has large surface area, the pore size distribution is narrow, and the active carbon fiber mainly has the function of filtering and adsorbing by a microporous structure. In the activated carbon adsorption method, activated carbon particles and activated carbon fibers are physically adsorbed, the adsorbed organic matters are not fundamentally degraded, and after the activated carbon adsorption method is used for a certain time, the activated carbon is invalid due to adsorption saturation, so that the risk of desorption secondary pollution exists, and the chloroform cannot be radically removed.
At present, zero-valent metal for reducing the trichloromethane is mainly nano zero-valent iron, the nano zero-valent iron has small particle size, strong reducibility and high reaction activity, but the smaller particle size has strong surface activity, so that the nano zero-valent iron is quickly oxidized when contacting air and generates a layer of ferric oxide on the surface of the nano zero-valent iron to be inactivated, and meanwhile, the nano zero-valent iron is easy to agglomerate, so that the reaction activity is reduced, and the expected effect is difficult to achieve in practical application.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention aims to provide a composite aerogel. After the composite aerogel quickly and efficiently adsorbs the trichloromethane in the water, the trichloromethane in the water can be efficiently and fundamentally removed under the combined action of the ferroferric oxide and the magnesium-copper alloy in the composite aerogel, the removal rate is high, the removal rate is as high as 99.99%, the removal effect is good, and the quality of drinking water is remarkably improved.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the composite aerogel, the preparation method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the prepared composite aerogel fundamentally removes trichloromethane and improves the quality of drinking water.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a composite aerogel, which is a hydrophobic oleophilic aerogel comprising ferroferric oxide and magnesium copper alloy. The aerogel with the macroporous structure and the hydrophobic and lipophilic properties can quickly adsorb the trichloromethane in water, the ferroferric oxide in the composite aerogel provides electrons for the degradation of the trichloromethane, and the trichloromethane is obtained as electrons in H+Removing a chlorine atom with Cl-Is released from the form and is alsoTrichloromethane and H after original+Methane which is insoluble in water is formed by combination, and meanwhile, ferroferric oxide is oxidized into ferric oxide, the whole reaction is carried out on aerogel, and no molecule is dissolved out; magnesium-copper alloy in the composite aerogel mainly depends on countless small galvanic cell systems composed of magnesium and copper to perform electronic exchange with trichloromethane and release electrons, so that the trichloromethane is converted into harmless substances, in the reaction, magnesium with negative potential is used as a negative electrode to perform oxidation reaction, the electrons are lost and exist in a harmless magnesium ion form, the reduction reaction of the trichloromethane is performed on a positive copper electrode with positive potential, the trichloromethane and water form an electron acceptor, and hydrogen ions, hydroxyl ions and chloride ions are simultaneously generated, during the reaction process, magnesium in the magnesium-copper alloy is partially dissolved out, and Mg2+Is harmless to human body, and can supplement minerals to human body while ensuring the safety of drinking water. Therefore, after the composite aerogel quickly and efficiently adsorbs the trichloromethane in the water, the trichloromethane in the water can be efficiently and fundamentally removed under the combined action of the ferroferric oxide and the magnesium-copper alloy in the composite aerogel, the removal rate is high, the removal effect is good, and the quality of drinking water is remarkably improved.
The mass ratio of the ferroferric oxide to the magnesium-copper alloy is 1-2: 1-4; preferably, the mass ratio of the ferroferric oxide to the magnesium-copper alloy is 1: 1. Under the mass ratio of 1-2:1-4, under the combined action of ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy, the trichloromethane in the water is efficiently and fundamentally removed, the removal rate is high, and the removal effect is good.
The magnesium-copper alloy comprises 30-50% of magnesium and 50-70% of copper by mass. Magnesium in the magnesium-copper alloy accounts for 30-50% of the mass of the alloy, which is beneficial to forming a primary battery and prolonging the service life.
The preparation method of the composite aerogel comprises the following steps:
dispersing magnesium-copper alloy and ferroferric oxide in a cellulose-based aerogel suspension with the pH value of 8-9, adding tannic acid, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a mixed suspension; and adding a hydrophobic oleophylic coupling agent solution into the mixed suspension, mixing, and freeze-drying to obtain the composite aerogel.
The pH value of the suspension of the cellulose-based aerogel is adjusted by using Tri-hydrochloric acid buffer solution.
The hydrophobic oleophylic coupling agent solution is prepared by adding a hydrophobic oleophylic coupling agent into absolute ethyl alcohol.
The mass fraction of the cellulose-based aerogel in the suspension of the cellulose-based aerogel is 1-1.5%.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the cellulose-based aerogel in the suspension of cellulose-based aerogels is 1.2%.
The cellulose-based aerogel is cellulose extracted from plants; preferably, the cellulose-based aerogel is lignocellulose.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lignocellulose is extracted from cotton and has a number average molecular weight of 2403 g/mol.
The total mass of the magnesium-copper alloy and the ferroferric oxide is 2-10% of the mass of the cellulose-based aerogel; the mass ratio of the ferroferric oxide to the magnesium-copper alloy is 1-2: 1-4.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the tannic acid to the cellulose-based aerogel in the suspension of the cellulose-based aerogel is 3: 100.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic and oleophilic coupling agent to the tannic acid is 10: 1.
The hydrophobic and oleophilic coupling agent comprises propyl triethyl siloxane or/and dodecyl trimethoxy silane. According to the invention, the cellulose-based aerogel and the hydrophobic oleophylic coupling agent are used in a matching manner, so that the composite aerogel disclosed by the invention is the hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel, can quickly adsorb organic chloroform in water, does not adsorb hydrophilic substances, does not enable the hydrophilic substances to occupy adsorption sites, and prolongs the service life of the composite material for treating the chloroform.
Preferably, the temperature of the freeze-drying is from-40 ℃ to-60 ℃.
The composite aerogel is applied to the preparation of the composite material for removing the trichloromethane in the water.
A preparation method of the composite aerogel specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the fiber suspension: dripping Tri-hydrochloric acid buffer solution into suspension of cellulose-based aerogel with the mass fraction of 1% -1.5% until the pH is 8-9, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the cellulose-based aerogel to obtain fiber suspension;
(2) preparation of mixed suspension: dispersing magnesium-copper alloy and ferroferric oxide (the mass ratio of the magnesium-copper alloy to the ferroferric oxide is 1-2:1-4) with the mass fraction of 2-10% of cellulose-based aerogel in a fiber suspension, stirring for 1 hour, adding tannic acid with the mass ratio of 3:100 to the cellulose-based aerogel until the tannic acid is completely dispersed in the fiber suspension, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a mixed suspension;
(3) preparing a composite aerogel: adding propyl triethyl siloxane or/and dodecyl trimethoxy silane which are/is 10:1 in mass ratio to tannic acid into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding into the mixed suspension, continuing stirring at room temperature for 6 hours, mixing uniformly, putting into a freeze dryer, and freeze-drying at the temperature of-40 to-60 ℃ to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel containing ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy.
The principle of removing trichloromethane in water by using the composite aerogel disclosed by the invention is as follows:
the aerogel with more pore structures and hydrophobic and lipophilic properties can quickly adsorb the trichloromethane in water in pores of the aerogel, the trichloromethane adsorbed in the pores can be in contact with particles of magnesium-copper alloy and ferroferric oxide in the pores, and in the process, the magnesium-copper alloy and the ferroferric oxide are both reduced by the trichloromethane to provide electrons. First, magnesium at the negative electrode in magnesium-copper alloy of countless small galvanic cell systems is oxidized to lose electrons and exist in the form of harmless magnesium ions, copper at the positive electrode is reduced by chloroform, chloroform and water become electron acceptors, and when hydrogen ions, hydroxyl ions and chloride ions are generated simultaneously, electron exchange occurs with chloroform to release electrons, thereby converting chloroform into harmless substances. Secondly, ferroferric oxide provides electrons for the degradation of trichloromethane, which is obtained as electrons in H+Under the action of the air pressure, the air pressure is controlled,removing a chlorine atom and reacting it with Cl-Form separation, reduced trichloromethane and H+Methane which is insoluble in water is formed by combination, meanwhile, ferroferric oxide is oxidized into ferric oxide, and the reaction of oxidizing the ferroferric oxide into the ferric oxide is carried out on the aerogel without molecular dissolution. The basic reaction of the whole process is as follows:
reducing trichloromethane by using magnesium-copper alloy:
anode: mg-2 e-＝＝Mg2+
Cathode: 2CHCl3+H2O+2e-＝＝3H++OH-+6Cl-
And (3) reducing trichloromethane by ferroferric oxide:
1.2Fe3O4－e-＝＝2Fe2O3+O2↑
2.CH3Cl+e-+H+＝＝＝CH4↑+Cl-
in conclusion, after the composite aerogel quickly and efficiently adsorbs the trichloromethane in the water, the trichloromethane in the water is efficiently, quickly and fundamentally removed under the combined action of the ferroferric oxide and the magnesium-copper alloy in the composite aerogel.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. after the composite aerogel quickly and efficiently adsorbs the trichloromethane in the water, the trichloromethane in the water can be efficiently and fundamentally removed under the combined action of the ferroferric oxide and the magnesium-copper alloy in the composite aerogel, the concentration of the trichloromethane which can be adsorbed and reduced is 60g/g, the removal rate is high, the removal rate is up to 99.99%, the removal effect is good, and the quality of drinking water is obviously improved.
2. The composite aerogel is hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel containing ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy, is hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel, can quickly adsorb organic trichloromethane in water, does not adsorb hydrophilic substances, does not enable the hydrophilic substances to occupy adsorption sites, and prolongs the service life of the composite material for treating the trichloromethane; the magnesium-copper alloy and the ferroferric oxide in the composite aerogel act together to quickly reduce the trichloromethane adsorbed in the aerogel into harmless chloride ions, so that the trichloromethane is thoroughly decomposed, desorption of the trichloromethane is prevented, adsorption sites are once again left for adsorbing the aerogel, and the trichloromethane removing capacity of the aerogel is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
A composite aerogel is a hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel and comprises ferroferric oxide and a magnesium-copper alloy in a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the magnesium-copper alloy comprises 30% of magnesium and 70% of copper.
The preparation method of the composite aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the fiber suspension: dispersing 1.67g of lignocellulose in 140mL of water to obtain 1.2% by mass of lignocellulose suspension, dripping Tri-hydrochloric acid buffer solution into the lignocellulose suspension until the pH is 8.5, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the lignocellulose suspension to obtain fiber suspension; wherein the lignocellulose is extracted from cotton, and the number average molecular weight is 2403 g/mol;
(2) preparation of mixed suspension: dispersing 0.017g of magnesium-copper alloy and 0.017g of ferroferric oxide in 80g of the fiber suspension, stirring for 1 hour, adding 0.05g of tannic acid until the tannic acid is completely dispersed in the fiber suspension, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a mixed suspension;
(3) preparing a composite aerogel: adding 0.3g of propyl triethyl siloxane and 0.2g of dodecyl trimethoxy silane into 30ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding into the mixed suspension, continuing stirring at room temperature for 6 hours, mixing uniformly, putting into a freeze dryer, and freeze-drying at the temperature of-60 ℃ to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel containing ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy.
Example 2
A composite aerogel is a hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel and comprises ferroferric oxide and a magnesium-copper alloy in a mass ratio of 1:2, wherein the magnesium-copper alloy comprises 50% of magnesium and 50% of copper.
The preparation method of the composite aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the fiber suspension: dispersing 3g of lignocellulose in 200mL of water to obtain 1.5% by mass of lignocellulose suspension, dripping Tri-hydrochloric acid buffer solution into the lignocellulose suspension until the pH is 8, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the lignocellulose suspension to obtain fiber suspension; wherein the lignocellulose is extracted from cotton, and the number average molecular weight is 2403 g/mol;
(2) preparation of mixed suspension: dispersing 0.05g of magnesium-copper alloy and 0.1g of ferroferric oxide in 90g of fiber suspension, stirring for 1 hour, adding 0.09g of tannic acid until the tannic acid is completely dispersed in the fiber suspension, and uniformly dispersing to obtain mixed suspension;
(3) preparing a composite aerogel: adding 0.4g of propyl triethyl siloxane and 0.5g of dodecyl trimethoxy silane into 30mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding into the mixed suspension, continuing stirring at room temperature for 6 hours, mixing uniformly, putting into a freeze dryer, and freeze-drying at the temperature of minus 40 ℃ to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel containing ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy.
Example 3
A composite aerogel is a hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel and comprises ferroferric oxide and a magnesium-copper alloy in a mass ratio of 2:1, wherein the magnesium-copper alloy comprises 40% of magnesium and 60% of copper.
The preparation method of the composite aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the fiber suspension: dispersing 4g of lignocellulose in 400mL of water to obtain 1% by mass of lignocellulose suspension, dripping Tri-hydrochloric acid buffer solution into the lignocellulose suspension until the pH is 9, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the lignocellulose suspension to obtain fiber suspension; wherein the lignocellulose is extracted from cotton, and the number average molecular weight is 2403 g/mol;
(2) preparation of mixed suspension: dispersing 0.26g of magnesium-copper alloy and 0.13g of ferroferric oxide in 100g of fiber suspension, stirring for 1 hour, adding 0.12g of tannic acid until the tannic acid is completely dispersed in the fiber suspension, and uniformly dispersing to obtain mixed suspension;
(3) preparing a composite aerogel: adding 1.2g of propyl triethyl siloxane into 30mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding into the mixed suspension, continuing stirring at room temperature for 6 hours, mixing uniformly, putting into a freeze dryer, and freeze-drying at-50 ℃ to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel containing ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy.
Test example 1 test of chloroform removal rate in Water
The composite aerogel prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 is tested for removing chloroform in water, and the specific method comprises the following steps: taking 1g of the composite aerogel prepared in the examples 1-3, respectively filling the composite aerogel into organic glass columns, taking pure water for water distribution as water inlet, enabling the height of the organic glass columns to be 50-100cm and the diameter to be 0.02-0.2cm, enabling an aqueous solution containing trichloromethane to enter from the upper ends of the filter columns, connecting the aqueous solution with the composite aerogel, outputting at the lower ends of the filter columns, adjusting the flow to be 4L/min, continuously and stably treating 10 tons of water by each organic glass column, and monitoring the trichloromethane concentration in the water inlet and the water outlet in the operation process. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 trichloromethane removal results Table
Figure BDA0003011537800000091
Figure BDA0003011537800000101
As can be seen from Table 1, after the chloroform-containing aqueous solution is treated by the composite aerogel prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3, the concentration of the chloroform in the effluent is 0.002mg/L, which meets the chloroform concentration in national drinking water, and the removal rate of the chloroform reaches up to 99.6%, thus the chloroform in the water is removed fundamentally.
Test example 2 stability test the composite aerogels prepared in examples 1 to 3 were placed in test membrane shells respectively for testing, the experimental inlet water sample was a chloroform solution with a certain concentration prepared from tap water in a certain place, the test flow was set to 4L/min, and the change of the chloroform concentration in the produced water of the composite aerogels was monitored by sampling at intervals. The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 trichloromethane concentration test results table for inlet and outlet water
Figure BDA0003011537800000102
Therefore, after the composite aerogel disclosed by the invention is used for treating 5 tons of water, the concentration of trichloromethane in produced water is less than 0.005mg/L, the trichloromethane in the water is removed fundamentally, the water flux is not influenced, the operation process is stable, the reaction activity is still high after 5 tons of water are continuously treated, and the composite aerogel has a practical application prospect.
Application example 1
The composite aerogel and two groups of activated carbon prepared in the embodiments 1-3 of the invention are respectively used for removing trichloromethane in water, a water inlet sample is a trichloromethane solution prepared from tap water, the test flow is set to be 4L/min, and after 1 hour, the composite aerogel and two groups of activated carbon prepared in the embodiments 1-3 of the invention are respectively sampled and monitored for the change of the trichloromethane concentration in the produced water; the concentration of the trichloromethane in the water is detected by gas chromatography, the detection method is according to the method of national medicine revision (SGB2008-004), and the test results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 table of chloroform removal results in water
Figure BDA0003011537800000111
As can be seen from the above, the chloroform removal rate of the composite aerogel prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention can reach 99.99%, and the chloroform removal rate of the activated carbon is only 60%, which indicates that, compared with the activated carbon, the composite aerogel prepared in the present invention has a high chloroform removal rate and a good removal effect, and can fundamentally remove the chloroform in the water, and significantly improve the quality of the drinking water.
In conclusion, after the composite aerogel disclosed by the invention quickly and efficiently adsorbs trichloromethane in water, the trichloromethane in the water can be efficiently and fundamentally removed under the combined action of ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy in the composite aerogel, the removal rate is high, the removal effect is good, and the quality of drinking water is remarkably improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The composite aerogel is characterized by being hydrophobic oleophylic aerogel containing ferroferric oxide and magnesium-copper alloy.
2. The composite aerogel according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the ferroferric oxide to the magnesium-copper alloy is 1-2: 1-4; preferably, the mass ratio of the ferroferric oxide to the magnesium-copper alloy is 1: 1.
3. The composite aerogel of claim 1, wherein the magnesium-copper alloy comprises 30-50% by mass of magnesium and 50-70% by mass of copper.
4. A method for preparing a composite aerogel according to any of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
dispersing magnesium-copper alloy and ferroferric oxide in a cellulose-based aerogel suspension with the pH value of 8-9, adding tannic acid, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a mixed suspension; and adding a hydrophobic oleophylic coupling agent solution into the mixed suspension, mixing, and freeze-drying to obtain the composite aerogel.
5. The method for preparing a composite aerogel according to claim 4, wherein the mass fraction of the cellulose-based aerogel in the suspension of the cellulose-based aerogel is 1% to 1.5%.
6. The method for preparing a composite aerogel according to claim 4, wherein the cellulose-based aerogel is cellulose extracted from plants; preferably, the cellulose-based aerogel is lignocellulose.
7. The preparation method of the composite aerogel according to claim 4, wherein the total mass of the magnesium-copper alloy and the ferroferric oxide is 2-10% of the mass of the cellulose-based aerogel; the mass ratio of the ferroferric oxide to the magnesium-copper alloy is 1-2: 1-4.
8. The method for preparing composite aerogel according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the tannic acid to the cellulose-based aerogel in the suspension of cellulose-based aerogel is 3: 100;
preferably, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic oleophilic coupling agent to the tannic acid is 10: 1;
preferably, the temperature of the freeze-drying is from-40 ℃ to-60 ℃.
9. The method for preparing composite aerogel according to claim 4, wherein the hydrophobic and oleophilic coupling agent comprises propyl triethylsiloxane and/or dodecyl trimethoxy silane.
10. Use of a composite aerogel according to any of claims 1 to 3 in the preparation of a composite for the removal of chloroform from water.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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