CN113089653A - Multi-casing construction method for cast-in-place pile foundation - Google Patents
Multi-casing construction method for cast-in-place pile foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113089653A CN113089653A CN202110373780.4A CN202110373780A CN113089653A CN 113089653 A CN113089653 A CN 113089653A CN 202110373780 A CN202110373780 A CN 202110373780A CN 113089653 A CN113089653 A CN 113089653A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation, which comprises the following steps: prefabricating a plurality of steel casings with different diameters and lengths, and selecting the steel casing with the casing diameter larger than the pile diameter to be constructed in place; excavating pile foundations layer by layer during installation construction, nesting and lowering the pile casing from outside to inside, performing segmented casting during dismantling construction, and drawing the pile casing layer by layer from inside to outside. The invention adopts a plurality of pile casings with different inner diameters to be nested and matched for construction layer by layer, the height of the steel pile casing is increased layer by layer from outside to inside, only the lower end part of each layer of steel pile casing is exposed in the soil layer, and only the frictional resistance brought by the part of soil needs to be dealt with externally during installation and removal, so that the steel pile casing can be easily installed and removed; not only can solve because of the pile foundation depth too deeply, protect a high problem that can't be under construction inadequately of the machine height of digging soon that leads to of high height, satisfy the steel of high depth pile foundation and protect a construction demand, can also accelerate construction speed to protect a section of thick bamboo to the steel and retrieve, effective control construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction, in particular to a multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation.
Background
In the process of pile foundation hole forming, in order to prevent the hole collapse phenomenon, a steel casing is usually embedded in the hole. In geological environments such as certain karst caves or loose soil layers and the like, based on the bearing requirements of bridges or buildings, ultra-long steel casing cylinders need to be buried to create high-depth pile foundations.
However, the action height of the common drilling or excavating equipment on the ground is about 3 meters, when the steel casing is too high, the drilling or excavating equipment cannot be in place to drill or excavate, and the steel casing can only be driven into the ground layer by the vibrating pile hammer and then excavation construction is carried out. The steel pile casing is made of steel plates, in order to improve the wall protection quality, the overlong steel pile casing needs to be formed by seamless welding of multiple sections of pile casings, and embedding the steel pile casing in a mode that a vibrating pile hammer is driven into the ground possibly causes deformation of the steel pile casing, so that the subsequent hole digging process and pile forming quality are affected.
And the steel protects a section of thick bamboo and buries then can produce very big frictional resistance too deeply, and the frictional resistance derives from follow-up bored concrete pile foundation concrete and surrounding soil layer extrusion, leads to the steel to protect a section of thick bamboo and is difficult to pull out, then must only regard as permanent pile foundation to bury the steel to protect a section of thick bamboo in soil in some engineering projects, but steel material is expensive, and the welding quality requirement of seamless welding steel protects a section of thick bamboo construction is high moreover, and then makes the whole cost of overlength steel protect a section of thick bamboo quite high, unable recovery then can increase a large amount of construction costs.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation, which can meet the steel casing construction requirements of a high-depth pile foundation and recover a steel casing to control the construction cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a plurality of steel casing barrels with different diameters and lengths, and selecting a plurality of steel casing barrels with the casing barrel diameters larger than the pile diameter to be constructed in place;
s2, excavating a first layer of pile hole, installing a first layer of steel pile casing in the first layer of pile hole, wherein the lower end surface of the first layer of steel pile casing is abutted against the bottom surface of the first layer of pile hole, and the upper end surface of the first layer of steel pile casing is flush with the top surface of the first layer of pile hole or is slightly higher than the top surface of the first layer of pile hole;
s3, a new layer of pile hole is dug downwards at the bottom surface of the upper layer of pile hole, a new layer of steel pile casing is embedded in the upper layer of steel pile casing, the diameter of the new layer of steel pile casing is smaller than that of the upper layer of steel pile casing, the lower end surface of the new layer of steel pile casing is abutted against the bottom surface of the new layer of pile hole, and the upper end surface of the new layer of steel pile casing is flush with the upper end surface of the upper layer of steel pile casing or is slightly higher than the upper end surface of the upper layer of steel pile casing;
s4, repeating S3 until the pile hole and the steel casing reach the preset depth;
s5, placing a reinforcement cage into the innermost steel casing, and pouring concrete to form a pile; and removing the steel pile casings layer by layer from inside to outside in the pile forming process.
In one embodiment, the excavation depth of each layer of pile holes is the same; the length of each layer of steel casing is in an arithmetic progression from outside to inside and is gradually increased layer by layer.
In one embodiment, in step S5, the process of removing the steel casing includes the following steps:
s51, pouring concrete to the top surface of the lowest layer pile hole or slightly higher than the top surface of the lowest layer pile hole, and then pulling out the innermost layer steel casing;
s52, continuously pouring concrete to the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole adjacent to the pile hole layer where the concrete is poured or slightly higher than the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole, and removing a new innermost layer steel casing;
and S53, repeating S52 until the concrete is poured to a specified elevation, and removing all steel casings.
In one embodiment, in step S5, the concrete is poured into the pile by using a lowering conduit to convey the concrete.
In one embodiment, the process of removing the steel casing further comprises the following steps:
s511, erecting a conduit support outside the pile, lowering the conduit to the bottom surface of the pile hole at the lowest layer, and fixing the conduit through the conduit support;
s512, pouring concrete into the innermost steel casing through the guide pipe, lifting the guide pipe according to the concrete pouring speed, and keeping the lower end face of the guide pipe positioned on a concrete interface all the time in the lifting process; stopping pouring concrete when the concrete is poured to the top surface of the lowest layer pile hole or is slightly higher than the top surface of the lowest layer pile hole, and hoisting the guide pipe by hoisting equipment and keeping the height of the guide pipe unchanged;
s513, dismantling the guide pipe bracket, lifting the innermost steel pile casing to a height higher than the outer standard height of the pile, re-erecting the guide pipe bracket, and fixing the guide pipe;
and S514, removing the hoisting of the guide pipe, and hoisting the innermost steel casing away to finish the pulling out of the innermost steel casing.
In one embodiment, the process of removing the steel casing further comprises the following steps:
s521, continuously pouring concrete into the new innermost steel casing through the guide pipe, lifting the guide pipe according to the concrete pouring speed, and keeping the lower end face of the guide pipe positioned on a concrete interface all the time in the lifting process; when concrete is poured to the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole adjacent to the pile hole layer where the concrete is poured or is slightly higher than the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole, stopping pouring the concrete, hoisting the guide pipe by hoisting equipment and keeping the height of the guide pipe unchanged;
s522, dismantling the guide pipe bracket, lifting a new innermost steel casing to a height higher than the outer standard height of the pile, re-erecting the guide pipe bracket, and fixing the guide pipe;
s523, hoisting of the guide pipe is removed, and the new innermost steel casing is lifted away to complete removal of the new innermost steel casing.
In one embodiment, the lifting apparatus is a dual point hoist.
In one embodiment, when a plurality of steel casings are nested with each other, the central axes of the steel casings of each layer are coincident with each other.
In one embodiment, the upper end of the steel casing is provided with lifting lugs which exist in pairs.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the construction method adopts a multi-pile casing nesting mode to carry out pile foundation construction, the height of the steel pile casings is increased layer by layer from outside to inside, only one part of the lower end of each layer of steel pile casing is exposed in a soil layer, only the frictional resistance brought by the part of soil needs to be dealt with externally during installation and removal, and then the steel pile casings can be installed and removed easily.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel casing nested in the steel casing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of pouring cast-in-place concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a steel casing nest provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a pile foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention during forming.
Icon: 1-pile hole, 11-first pile hole, 12-second pile hole, 13-third pile hole, 14-fourth pile hole, 15-fifth pile hole, 2-steel casing, 21-first steel casing, 22-second steel casing, 23-third steel casing, 24-fourth steel casing, 25-fifth steel casing, 3-cast-in-place concrete, 4-guide pipe, 5-guide pipe bracket, 6-double-lifting-point crane, 61-first lifting arm, 62-second lifting arm, 7-lifting lug and 100-pile foundation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation will be described more clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the multi-casing construction method for cast-in-place pile foundations are shown in the drawings, but the multi-casing construction method for cast-in-place pile foundations can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more thorough and complete for a multi-casing construction method for cast-in-place pile foundations.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like, when used in reference to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, or as otherwise customary for use in the practice of the invention, are used merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" used herein should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the depth requirement of the preset pile foundation 100 is 15m, the preset pile diameter is 1.5m, and the steel casing 2 is formed by rolling a steel plate with a thickness of 1cm, and the construction of the pile foundation 100 is performed by using the multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation, including the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a plurality of steel casing drums 2 with different diameters and lengths, and selecting a plurality of steel casing drums 2 with the casing drum diameter larger than the pile diameter to be constructed in place; specifically, a first steel casing 21 with a casing diameter of phi 2m and a casing length of 3.5m, a second steel casing 22 with a casing diameter of phi 1.9m and a casing length of 6.5m, a third steel casing 23 with a casing diameter of phi 1.8m and a casing length of 9.5m, a fourth steel casing 24 with a casing diameter of phi 1.7m and a casing length of 12.5m, and a fifth steel casing 25 with a casing diameter of phi 1.6m and a casing length of 15.5m are adopted for construction.
S2, excavating a first layer of pile hole, namely a first pile hole 11, wherein the aperture of the first pile hole 11 is 2.1m, the depth is 3m, and a first layer of steel casing, namely a first steel casing 21, is arranged in the first pile hole 11 in a downward mode, so that the lower end face of the first steel casing 21 is abutted against the bottom face of the first pile hole 11, and the upper end face of the first steel casing 21 is 0.5m higher than the top face of the first pile hole 11, and the outer surface soil of the pile is prevented from falling into the steel casing; it can be understood that, when the first steel casing 21 is installed, the first steel casing 21 should be aligned with the first pile hole 11, so as to ensure that the central axis of the first steel casing 21 coincides with the central axis of the first pile hole 11.
S3, a new layer of pile hole, namely a second pile hole 12, is excavated downwards from the bottom surface of the first pile hole 11, the second pile hole can be excavated downwards along the inner wall of the first steel casing 21, the diameter of the second pile hole 12 is the same as that of the first steel casing 21 and is 2m, and a nested installation gap is reserved; the excavation depth is consistent with the depth of the first pile hole 11, the height is 3m by taking the bottom surface of the first pile hole 11 as the elevation, the top surface of the first pile hole 11 is 6m, then a new layer of steel casing, namely a second steel casing 22 is embedded in the first steel casing 21 and the second pile hole 12, the lower end face of the second steel casing 22 is abutted against the bottom surface of the second pile hole 12, and the upper end face of the second steel casing 22 is flush with the upper end face of the first steel casing 21; it can be understood that, when the second steel casing 22 is installed, the second steel casing 22 should also be aligned with the first steel casing 21, so as to ensure that the central axis of the second steel casing 22 coincides with the central axis of the first steel casing 21, so as to ensure the verticality of the pile body.
And S4, repeating S3 until the pile hole 1 and the steel casing 2 reach the preset depth, namely excavating a third pile hole 13, a fourth pile hole 14 and a fifth pile hole 15 in sequence by adopting the mode in S3, and embedding and burying a third steel casing 23, a fourth steel casing 24 and a fifth steel casing 25 in sequence. The aperture of the third pile hole 13 is 1.9m, and the excavation depth is 9m by taking the top surface of the first pile hole 11 as an excavation depth; the aperture of the fourth pile hole 14 is 1.8m, and the excavation depth is 12m by taking the top surface of the first pile hole 11 as an excavation depth; the aperture of the fifth pile hole 15 is 1.7m, and the excavation depth is 15m by taking the top surface of the first pile hole 11 as an index;
s5, cleaning residues in the pile holes 1 (mainly the fifth pile hole 15), putting a reinforcement cage (not shown in the figure) into the fifth steel casing 25, and pouring cast-in-place concrete 3 to form a pile foundation 100; and in the pile forming process, namely the concrete pouring process, the fifth steel pile casing 25, the fourth steel pile casing 24, the third steel pile casing 23, the second steel pile casing 22 and the first steel pile casing 21 are pulled out layer by layer from inside to outside, so that the construction is completed.
It can be understood that when the pile holes are excavated and the lengths of the steel pile casings are determined, the excavation depth of each layer of pile holes is kept to be the same, the lengths of the steel pile casings are made to be in an arithmetic progression from outside to inside and are increased gradually layer by layer, the contact areas of the steel pile casings and the external environment such as soil are the same, the pressure is kept flat, the construction process variables are guaranteed to be consistent as much as possible, and accidental factors are avoided.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in step S5, the steel casing 2 is pulled out by the following steps:
s51, pouring the cast-in-place concrete 3 to the top surface of the lowest layer of pile hole, namely the top surface of the fifth pile hole 15, or slightly higher than the top surface of the fifth pile hole 15, and then removing the fifth steel pile casing 25 to enable a concrete height interface to be positioned on the bottom surface of the fourth pile hole 14 or in the fourth pile hole 14, thereby ensuring that the poured concrete can be effectively connected;
s52, continuously pouring the cast-in-place concrete 3 to the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole adjacent to the pile hole layer where the concrete is poured, namely the top surface of the fourth pile hole 14, or slightly higher than the top surface of the fourth pile hole 14, and then removing a new innermost layer steel casing, namely the fourth steel casing 24, so that the height interface of the concrete is positioned at the bottom surface of the third pile hole 13 or in the third pile hole 13, thereby ensuring that the poured concrete can be effectively connected;
and S53, repeating S52 until the concrete is poured to a specified elevation, and removing all the steel pile casings 2, namely removing the third steel pile casing 23, the second steel pile casing 22 and the first steel pile casing 21 in sequence by adopting the mode in S52, and completing construction of the pile foundation 100 and recovery of the steel pile casings 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, in step S5, the cast-in-place concrete 3 is delivered by the drop pipe 4 to form a pile, and the process of removing the steel casing 2 further includes the following steps:
s511, before pouring, erecting a guide pipe 4 bracket outside the pile, lowering the guide pipe 4 to the bottom surface of the lowest pile hole, namely the bottom surface of the fifth pile hole 15, and fixing the guide pipe 4 through the guide pipe 4 bracket;
s512, pouring concrete into the fifth steel casing 25 through the guide pipe 4, lifting the guide pipe 4 according to the concrete pouring speed, and keeping the lower end face of the guide pipe 4 in the concrete interface all the time in the lifting process; when the concrete is poured to the top surface of the fifth pile hole 15 or is slightly higher than the top surface of the fifth pile hole 15, stopping pouring the concrete, hoisting the guide pipe 4 by using hoisting equipment and keeping the height of the guide pipe 4 unchanged;
s513, dismantling the support of the guide pipe 4, hoisting the fifth steel pile casing 25 to a height higher than the external standard height of the pile, re-erecting the support of the guide pipe 4, fixing the guide pipe 4 again, and keeping the height of the guide pipe 4 constant all the time in the dismantling and re-erecting processes of the support of the guide pipe 4 so that the lower end surface of the guide pipe 4 is always positioned in the concrete interface;
and S514, releasing the hoisting of the guide pipe 4, enabling the fifth steel casing 25 to move out from the upper part of the guide pipe 4, and further hoisting the fifth steel casing 25 away to finish the pulling-out of the fifth steel casing 25.
Subsequently, in step S52, the fourth steel casing 24, the third steel casing 23, the second steel casing 22, and the first steel casing 21 are sequentially removed in the same manner as in the above step, and the construction of the pile foundation 100 and the recovery of the steel casing 2 are completed.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the hoisting device is a double-hoisting-point crane 6, the double-hoisting-point crane 6 has two hoisting mechanisms and two booms, namely a first boom 61 and a second boom 62, and the first boom 61 and the second boom 62 can realize parallel hoisting without interference when hoisting in the vertical direction, and in the process of hoisting the guide tube 4 and the steel casing 2, the steel casing 2 is hoisted by the first boom 61, and the guide tube 4 is hoisted by the second boom 62, so that the verticality in the hoisting process can be well maintained, and the influence on the pile-forming quality due to the deviation of the steel casing 2 or the guide tube 4 is avoided.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, in order to facilitate the hoisting of the steel casing 2, the upper end of the steel casing 2 is provided with lifting lugs 7 which exist in pairs, the lifting lugs 7 are arranged upwards, and when the plurality of steel casings 2 are installed in a nested manner, the lifting lugs 7 are staggered in the horizontal direction, so that the mutual interference when the upper ends of the steel casings 2 are flushed is avoided.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a plurality of steel casing barrels with different diameters and lengths, and selecting a plurality of steel casing barrels with the casing barrel diameters larger than the pile diameter to be constructed in place;
s2, excavating a first layer of pile hole, installing a first layer of steel pile casing in the first layer of pile hole, wherein the lower end surface of the first layer of steel pile casing is abutted against the bottom surface of the first layer of pile hole, and the upper end surface of the first layer of steel pile casing is flush with the top surface of the first layer of pile hole or is slightly higher than the top surface of the first layer of pile hole;
s3, a new layer of pile hole is dug downwards at the bottom surface of the upper layer of pile hole, a new layer of steel pile casing is embedded in the upper layer of steel pile casing, the diameter of the new layer of steel pile casing is smaller than that of the upper layer of steel pile casing, the lower end surface of the new layer of steel pile casing is abutted against the bottom surface of the new layer of pile hole, and the upper end surface of the new layer of steel pile casing is flush with the upper end surface of the upper layer of steel pile casing or is slightly higher than the upper end surface of the upper layer of steel pile casing;
s4, repeating S3 until the pile hole and the steel casing reach the preset depth;
s5, placing a reinforcement cage into the innermost steel casing, and pouring concrete to form a pile; and removing the steel pile casings layer by layer from inside to outside in the pile forming process.
2. The method of constructing a multi-casing for a cast-in-place pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the excavation depth of each pile hole layer is the same; the length of each layer of the steel casing is increased gradually from outside to inside in an arithmetic progression.
3. A multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S5, the process of removing the steel casing comprises the steps of:
s51, pouring concrete to the top surface of the lowest layer pile hole or slightly higher than the top surface of the lowest layer pile hole, and then pulling out the innermost layer steel casing;
s52, continuously pouring concrete to the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole adjacent to the pile hole layer where the concrete is poured or slightly higher than the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole, and removing a new innermost layer steel casing;
and S53, repeating S52 until the concrete is poured to a specified elevation, and removing all steel casings.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the concrete pile is cast into the pile by means of a downward pipe for delivering the concrete in step S5.
5. The method for constructing a multi-casing for a cast-in-place pile foundation according to claim 4, wherein the process of removing the steel casing further comprises the steps of:
s511, erecting a conduit support outside the pile, lowering the conduit to the bottom surface of the pile hole at the lowest layer, and fixing the conduit through the conduit support;
s512, pouring concrete into the innermost steel casing through the guide pipe, lifting the guide pipe according to the concrete pouring speed, and keeping the lower end face of the guide pipe positioned on a concrete interface all the time in the lifting process; stopping pouring concrete when the concrete is poured to the top surface of the lowest layer pile hole or is slightly higher than the top surface of the lowest layer pile hole, and hoisting the guide pipe by hoisting equipment and keeping the height of the guide pipe unchanged;
s513, dismantling the guide pipe bracket, lifting the innermost steel pile casing to a height higher than the outer standard height of the pile, re-erecting the guide pipe bracket, and fixing the guide pipe;
and S514, removing the hoisting of the guide pipe, and hoisting the innermost steel casing away to finish the pulling out of the innermost steel casing.
6. The method for constructing a multi-casing for a cast-in-place pile foundation according to claim 5, wherein the process of removing the steel casing further comprises the steps of:
s521, continuously pouring concrete into the new innermost steel casing through the guide pipe, lifting the guide pipe according to the concrete pouring speed, and keeping the lower end face of the guide pipe positioned on a concrete interface all the time in the lifting process; when concrete is poured to the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole adjacent to the pile hole layer where the concrete is poured or is slightly higher than the top surface of the upper layer of pile hole, stopping pouring the concrete, hoisting the guide pipe by hoisting equipment and keeping the height of the guide pipe unchanged;
s522, dismantling the guide pipe bracket, lifting a new innermost steel casing to a height higher than the outer standard height of the pile, re-erecting the guide pipe bracket, and fixing the guide pipe;
s523, hoisting of the guide pipe is removed, and the new innermost steel casing is lifted away to complete removal of the new innermost steel casing.
7. A multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the hoisting equipment is a double hoisting point crane.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein when the plurality of steel casings are nested, central axes of the steel casings of each layer are overlapped.
9. A multi-casing construction method for a cast-in-place pile foundation according to claim 3, wherein the upper end of the steel casing is provided with lifting lugs which are arranged in pairs.
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| CN113981955A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-28 | 中煤江南建设发展集团有限公司 | Construction method of test pile |
| CN115012807A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-09-06 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | Construction process of slurry retaining wall cast-in-place pile of rotary drilling rig |
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| CN113089653B (en) | 2022-05-17 |
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