CN113084204A

CN113084204A - Self-clamping and self-feeding quick lathe

Info

Publication number: CN113084204A
Application number: CN202110436012.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柏晓奇
Original assignee: Shenzhen Shengyuan Machinery Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Zhongshuntong Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-22
Filing date: 2021-04-22
Publication date: 2021-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-22
Also published as: CN113084204B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a self-clamping and self-feeding quick lathe which comprises a headstock, wherein a self-clamping mechanism is arranged in the headstock, a material changing mechanism is arranged at one end, far away from the headstock, of the self-clamping mechanism, a power mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the material changing mechanism, a lathe seat is arranged at one end, close to the material changing mechanism, of the headstock, a length fixing mechanism is arranged between the headstock and the lathe seat, and a feeding mechanism is arranged in the headstock. According to the invention, the workpiece is clamped and loosened through the self-clamping mechanism, the workpiece does not need to be clamped manually, the continuous work of the machine tool is realized through the material changing mechanism, the production efficiency is improved, the extension length of the blank is determined through the length fixing mechanism, the consistency of the extension length of each blank is ensured, the blank is prevented from being too long to cause tool collision accidents, the blank is prevented from being too short to extend, the end face is prevented from being processed improperly, and the like.

Description

Self-clamping and self-feeding quick lathe

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a self-clamping and self-feeding quick lathe.

Background

The lathe is a machine tool which mainly uses a lathe tool to turn a rotating workpiece, the application of the lathe not only brings revolutionary changes to the traditional manufacturing industry and enables the manufacturing industry to become an industrialized symbol, but also plays an increasingly important role in development along with the continuous development and the expansion of the application field of the lathe, and the digitalization of equipment required by the industries is a great trend of modern development.

The existing lathe is manually fed, the blank extending length is determined through manual measurement, errors often exist in the blank extending length determined through manual measurement, the blank is too long to easily collide with a cutter, the too short end face of the blank extending is difficult to machine in place, time and labor are wasted, the blank is clamped through manual work, the lathe is required to stop and then is fed and discharged, the utilization rate of the lathe is low, continuous work cannot be achieved, and therefore production efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a self-clamping and self-feeding and discharging fast lathe for solving the technical problems.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a from quick lathe of unloading of chucking from last, includes the headstock, be equipped with from fixture in the headstock, keep away from fixture headstock one end is equipped with the mechanism of reloading, the mechanism lower extreme of reloading is equipped with power unit, the headstock is close to the mechanism one end of reloading and is equipped with the bedstand, the headstock with be equipped with length fixing mechanism between the bedstand, be equipped with feed mechanism in the headstock, feed mechanism is located from the clamp be close to length fixing unloading mechanism one end, power unit with be equipped with the sweeps case between the bedstand.

Preferably, the self-clamping mechanism at least comprises a fixed disk fixedly connected in the headstock, an oil inlet cavity is formed in the fixed disk, an oil tank is arranged at the lower end of the fixed disk, an oil pump is arranged at the upper end of the oil tank, a pressure regulating valve is arranged at one end of the bed base and far away from the oil pump, a transition oil pipe is connected between the oil pump and the pressure regulating valve, an upper oil pipe is connected with the upper end of the pressure regulating valve and the lower end of the oil inlet cavity, an oil return pipe is connected between the fixed disk and the oil tank, the fixed disk is close to one end of the bed base and is rotatably connected with a rotating disk, the rotating disk is rotatably connected with the headstock, and.

As preferred, the mechanism of reloading include at least with the transition axle that the rolling disc linked firmly, trade transition axle is kept away from headstock one end has linked firmly the master gear, the master gear is kept away from headstock one end annular permutation and rotation are connected and are equipped with four pinion, four the pinion is kept away from headstock one end has all linked firmly hydraulic chuck, all run through in the hydraulic chuck be equipped with the through-hole, the through-hole is kept away from the one end of bedrest extends to the master gear is close to headstock one end, advance oil pipe and keep away from the one end of headstock all with hydraulic chuck links to each other.

Preferably, the power mechanism at least comprises a power shaft for outputting power at one end of the headstock close to the bed seat, one end of the headstock, which is close to the bed base, is fixedly connected with a bracket, one end of the power shaft, which is far away from the headstock, is rotatably connected with the bracket, the periphery of the power shaft is connected with a power gear through a spline, the power gear and the main gear have the same module and pressure angle as the auxiliary gear, a sliding screw rod motor is arranged in the headstock, a screw rod is arranged at the power output of the sliding screw rod motor close to one end of the bed seat, one end of the screw rod, which is far away from the sliding screw rod motor, is rotationally connected with the bracket, a sliding block is arranged in the bracket in a sliding connection way, the lower end of the sliding block is connected with the support in a sliding mode, the sliding block is connected with the screw rod in a threaded mode, and the upper end of the sliding block is clamped outside the lower end of the power gear.

Preferably, the length control mechanism at least comprises a motor base fixedly connected between the headstock and the headstock, and a length control screw motor arranged in the motor base, wherein a sliding block is arranged on the fixed length screw motor in a threaded connection mode, the lower end of the sliding block is connected with the motor base in a sliding mode, a steering engine is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding block, and a length control plate is fixedly connected to the power output of one end of the headstock, close to the steering engine.

Preferably, the feeding mechanism at least comprises a feeding hole which is arranged in the headstock and upwards runs through the headstock, a feeding cylinder is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the bed, of the headstock, and one end of a piston of the feeding cylinder extends to one end, far away from the commercial bed, of the feeding hole.

Preferably, one end of the fixed length plate, which is close to the headstock, is fixedly connected with a travel switch, and the travel switch is electrically connected with the feeding cylinder.

Preferably, a gravity sensor is fixedly connected to the upper portion of one end of the fixed length plate and electrically connected with the steering engine.

Preferably, a blanking hole is formed in the bed base in a penetrating mode, the upper end of the lower wall of the blanking hole is fixedly connected with a blanking plate, and one end, close to the bed base, of the blanking plate inclines downwards.

Preferably, two lead screws are symmetrically arranged between the support and the bed, a slide carriage is connected to the lead screws through external threads, a tool rest is connected to the upper end of the slide carriage in a sliding mode, a tool is clamped in the tool rest, a transition plate is arranged between the headstock and the main gear, one end of the transition plate is fixedly connected with the headstock, the transition plate is in clearance fit with the main gear, and the transition plate is opposite to the feeding cylinder.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the workpiece is clamped and loosened through the self-clamping mechanism, the workpiece does not need to be clamped manually, the continuous work of the machine tool is realized through the material changing mechanism, the production efficiency is improved, the extension length of the blank is determined through the length fixing mechanism, the consistency of the extension length of each blank is ensured, the blank is prevented from being too long to cause tool collision accidents, the blank is prevented from being too short to extend, the end face is prevented from being processed improperly, and the like.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-clamping and self-loading/unloading fast lathe according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction "a" of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of "B" of fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction "C-C" of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction "D-D" of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction "E-E" of FIG. 4.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of "F" of fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction "H" of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the working state of fig. 8.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction "G-G" of FIG. 3.

In the figure: 11-a headstock, 12-an oil inlet pipe, 13-a main gear, 14-a hydraulic chuck, 15-a fixed-length screw rod motor, 16-a motor base, 17-a bed base, 18-a screw rod, 19-a tool rest, 20-a slide carriage, 21-a scrap box, 22-a sliding block, 23-a bracket, 24-a sliding screw rod motor, 25-a power shaft, 26-a power gear, 27-a secondary gear, 28-a feeding cylinder, 29-a transition plate, 30-a transition shaft, 31-a blanking plate, 32-a blanking hole, 33-a steering engine, 34-a fixed-length plate, 35-a travel switch, 36-a gravity sensor, 37-a feeding hole, 38-a through hole, 39-an oil inlet cavity, 40-an oil return pipe, 41-a pressure regulating valve and 42-an oil pump, 43-oil tank, 44-transition oil pipe, 45-oil feeding pipe, 46-fixed disc, 47-rotating disc and 48-sliding block.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

The invention relates to a self-clamping and self-feeding quick lathe which comprises a headstock 11, wherein a self-clamping mechanism is arranged in the headstock 11 and is used for automatically clamping and loosening a workpiece, a material changing mechanism is arranged at one end, far away from the headstock 11, of the self-clamping mechanism to realize continuous work of a machine tool, a power mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the material changing mechanism and outputs power to the material changing mechanism through the power mechanism, a lathe seat 17 is arranged at one end, close to the material changing mechanism, of the headstock 11, a length fixing mechanism is arranged between the headstock 11 and the lathe seat 17, a feeding mechanism is arranged in the headstock 11 and is positioned at one end, close to the length fixing and blanking mechanism, of the self-clamping mechanism, and a scrap box 21 is arranged between the power mechanism and the lathe seat 17.

Beneficially, the self-clamping mechanism at least comprises a fixed disk 46 fixedly connected in the headstock 11, an oil inlet chamber 39 is arranged in the fixed disk 46, an oil tank 43 is arranged at the lower end of the fixed disk 46, an oil pump 42 is arranged at the upper end of the oil tank 43, a pressure regulating valve 41 is arranged at one end, away from the headstock 17, of the oil pump 42, a transition oil pipe 44 is connected between the oil pump 42 and the pressure regulating valve 41, an upper oil pipe 45 is connected between the upper end of the pressure regulating valve 41 and the lower end of the oil inlet chamber 39, an oil return pipe 40 is connected between the fixed disk 46 and the oil tank 43, a rotating disk 47 is rotatably connected at one end, close to the headstock 17, of the fixed disk 46, the rotating disk 47 is rotatably connected with the headstock 11, the inner annular array is provided with four oil inlet pipes 12, the pressure regulating valve 41 is adjusted to a proper pressure value, The three hydraulic chucks 14 of the oil feeding pipe 45, the oil inlet cavity 39 and the oil inlet pipe 12 far away from the motor base 16 are always in a clamping state, and the hydraulic chucks 14 close to one end of the motor base 16 are always in a loosening state.

Beneficially, the reloading mechanism includes at least the transition shaft 30 that links firmly with the rolling disc 47, trade transition shaft 30 is kept away from headstock 11 one end has linked firmly master gear 13, master gear 13 is kept away from headstock 11 one end annular permutation and rotation connection are equipped with four pinion 27, four pinion 27 is kept away from headstock 11 one end all has linked firmly hydraulic chuck 14, what all run through in the hydraulic chuck 14 is equipped with through-hole 38, the one end that the through-hole 38 is kept away from the bed 17 extends to master gear 13 is close to headstock 11 one end, the one end that oil inlet pipe 12 was kept away from headstock 11 all with hydraulic chuck 14 links to each other, through rotating master gear 13, and then realize four the position switching of hydraulic chuck 14, realize the continuous operation of lathe.

Beneficially, the power mechanism at least comprises a power shaft 25 for power output at one end of the headstock 11 close to the bed 17, the headstock 11 close to one end of the bed 17 is fixedly connected with a support 23, one end of the power shaft 25 far away from the headstock 11 is rotatably connected with the support 23, a power gear 26 is arranged on the periphery of the power shaft 25 in a spline connection manner, the power gear 26 is identical to the main gear 13 and the pinion 27 in modulus and pressure angle, a sliding screw motor 24 is arranged in the headstock 11, a screw rod is arranged on the power output at one end of the sliding screw motor 24 close to the bed 17, one end of the screw rod far away from the sliding screw motor 24 is rotatably connected with the support 23, a sliding block 22 is arranged in the support 23 in a sliding connection manner, the lower end of the sliding block 22 is slidably connected with the support 23, and the sliding block 22 is in a threaded connection with the screw rod, the upper end of the sliding block 22 is clamped outside the lower end of the power gear 26, the sliding block 22 drives the power gear 26 to move, the main gear 13 is meshed with the sliding block 22, power is transmitted to the main gear 13, the auxiliary gear 27 is meshed with the sliding block, power is transmitted to the main gear 13 located at the lowest end, and power output switching is achieved.

Beneficially, fixed length mechanism at least includes fix firmly in the headstock 11 with motor cabinet 16 between the bed 17, locate fixed length lead screw motor 15 in the motor cabinet 16, fixed length lead screw motor 15 threaded connection is equipped with slider 48, slider 48 lower extreme with motor cabinet 16 sliding connection, slider 48 upper end is linked firmly steering wheel 33, steering wheel 33 is close to headstock 11 one end power take off is linked firmly fixed length board 34, through the removal of fixed length board 34, and then adjust the extension length of blank, guarantee blank extension length's uniformity, prevent that the blank from stretching out overlength and taking place to hit the sword, stretch out the condition such as short terminal surface cutting not in place.

Advantageously, the feeding mechanism comprises at least a feeding hole 37 disposed in the headstock 11 and extending upward through the headstock 11, the end of the headstock 11 away from the bed 17 is attached with the feeding cylinder 28, and the piston end of the feeding cylinder 28 extends to the end of the feeding hole 37 away from the bed 17.

Advantageously, a travel switch 35 is fixedly connected to the fixed length plate 34 near one end of the headstock 11, the travel switch 35 is electrically connected to the feeding cylinder 28, and the length of the piston of the feeding cylinder 28 is controlled by the travel switch 35.

Beneficially, a gravity sensor 36 is fixedly connected to an upper portion of one end of the fixed length plate 34, the gravity sensor 36 is electrically connected to the steering engine 33, and the starting of the steering engine 33 is controlled through the gravity sensor 36.

Advantageously, a blanking hole 32 is penetratingly formed in the bed 17, a blanking plate 31 is fixedly connected to an upper end of a lower wall of the blanking hole 32, and the blanking plate 31 is inclined downwards near one end of the bed 17, so that the workpiece slides along the blanking plate 31.

Beneficially, two lead screws 18 are symmetrically arranged between the support 23 and the bed 17, a slide carriage 20 is connected to the lead screws 18 through external threads, a tool holder 19 is slidably connected to the upper end of the slide carriage 20, a tool is clamped in the tool holder 19, a transition plate 29 is arranged between the headstock 11 and the main gear 13, one end of the transition plate 29 is fixedly connected with the headstock 11, the transition plate 29 is in clearance fit with the main gear 13, and the transition plate 29 is opposite to the feeding cylinder 28.

The following will describe in detail the use steps of a self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe in the present document with reference to fig. 1 to 7:

initially, the slide screw motor 24 is in a stopped state, the fixed-length screw motor 15 is in a stopped state, the oil pump 42 is in a stopped state, the oil tank 43 is filled with hydraulic oil, the feeding cylinder 28 is in a retracted state, the power gear 26 is in a meshed state with the main gear 13, and no blank exists in the feeding hole 37.

When the device is used, a blank is poured into the feeding hole 37, the oil pump 42 is started, the pressure regulating valve 41 is regulated to a proper pressure value, then hydraulic oil is always in a clamping state along the three hydraulic chucks 14 of the transition oil pipe 44, the upper oil pipe 45, the oil inlet cavity 39 and the oil inlet pipe 12 far away from the motor base 16, the hydraulic chuck 14 close to one end of the motor base 16 is always in a loosening state, the steering engine 33 is started to rotate reversely for 60 degrees, the fixed length plate 34 is further driven to rotate for 60 degrees, the stroke switch 35 is in a state of being opposite to the feeding cylinder 28, the fixed length lead screw motor 15 is started to rotate forwardly, the sliding block 48 is further driven to slide towards one end close to the headstock 11, when the blank extending length is adjusted, the fixed length lead screw motor 15 is stopped, the feeding cylinder 28 is started to extend, then the piston pushes the blank at the lowest end in the feeding hole 37 towards one end close to the bed base 17 and pushes the blank into, the power output of the headstock 11 drives the power shaft 25 to rotate, the power shaft 25 is meshed with the main gear 13 through the power shaft 25, the main gear 13 is further driven to rotate clockwise by 90 degrees, the workpiece is clamped by the headstock 11 to stop power output, the power shaft 25 stops rotating, the sliding screw motor 24 is started to rotate forwardly, the sliding block 22 is further driven to slide towards one end far away from the headstock 11, the power gear 26 is further meshed with the auxiliary gear 27, the power output of the headstock 11 drives the power shaft 25 to rotate, the power gear 26 is meshed with the auxiliary gear 27, the auxiliary gear 27 at the lowest end is further driven to rotate, the hydraulic chuck 14 at the lowest end is further driven to rotate, and further the blank at the lowest end is cut and processed;

after the machining is finished, the headstock 11 stops power output, the power shaft 25 stops rotating, the sliding screw motor 24 is started to rotate reversely, the sliding block 22 is driven to slide towards one side close to the sliding screw motor 24, the power gear 26 is meshed with the main gear 13, the headstock 11 drives the power shaft 25 to rotate by power output, the main gear 13 rotates 90 degrees, the workpiece at the lowest side rotates to one side close to the motor base 16, meanwhile, hydraulic oil stops flowing back to the workpiece in the oil tank 43 through the oil return pipe 40 and is loosened, the steering engine 33 is started to rotate reversely by 60 degrees, the feeding cylinder 28 is started to extend out, the piston pushes the blank at the lowest end in the feeding hole 37 out towards one end close to the bed base 17 and pushes the blank into the through hole 38 through the transition plate 29, the blank pushes the machined workpiece out to fall above the gravity sensor 36, and is electrically connected with the steering engine 33 through the gravity sensor 36, and further, the steering engine, the processed workpiece is conveyed to the upper part of the blanking plate 31, slides down along the blanking plate 31 until the blank is close to one end of the bed seat 17 and abuts against the travel switch 35, and is electrically connected with the feeding cylinder 28 through the travel switch 35, so that the feeding cylinder 28 retracts, and continuous self-clamping and self-feeding processing is realized.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a from quick lathe of unloading of going up of clamp, includes headstock (11), its characterized in that: be equipped with in headstock (11) from fixture, keep away from fixture headstock (11) one end is equipped with the mechanism of reloading, the mechanism lower extreme of reloading is equipped with power unit, headstock (11) are close to the mechanism one end of reloading and are equipped with bedplate (17), headstock (11) with be equipped with length fixing mechanism between bedplate (17), be equipped with feed mechanism in headstock (11), feed mechanism is located from holding the mechanism and being close to length fixing blanking mechanism one end, power unit with be equipped with sweeps case (21) between bedplate (17).

2. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the self-holding mechanism at least comprises a fixed disc (46) fixedly connected in the bedside box (11), an oil inlet cavity (39) is arranged in the fixed disc (46), an oil tank (43) is arranged at the lower end of the fixed disc (46), an oil pump (42) is arranged at the upper end of the oil tank (43), a pressure regulating valve (41) is arranged at one end of the oil pump (42) far away from the bed seat (17), a transition oil pipe (44) is connected between the oil pump (42) and the pressure regulating valve (41), the upper end of the pressure regulating valve (41) and the lower end of the oil inlet cavity (39) are connected with an upper oil pipe (45), an oil return pipe (40) is connected between the fixed disc (46) and the oil tank (43), one end of the fixed disc (46) close to the bed seat (17) is rotatably connected with a rotating disc (47), the rotating disc (47) is rotationally connected with the headstock (11), and four oil inlet pipes (12) are arranged in the inner annular array.

3. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: trade material changing mechanism include at least with transition axle (30) that rolling disc (47) linked firmly, trade transition axle (30) are kept away from headstock (11) one end has linked firmly master gear (13), master gear (13) are kept away from headstock (11) one end annular permutation and rotation are connected and are equipped with four pinion (27), four pinion (27) are kept away from headstock (11) one end has all been linked firmly hydraulic chuck (14), all running through in hydraulic chuck (14) be equipped with through-hole (38), keep away from through-hole (38) the one end of bed (17) extends to master gear (13) are close to headstock (11) one end, advance oil pipe (12) and keep away from the one end of headstock (11) all with hydraulic chuck (14) link to each other.

4. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: power unit includes at least headstock (11) are close to power shaft (25) of bedstand (17) one end power take off, headstock (11) are close to bedstand (17) one end has linked firmly support (23), power shaft (25) are kept away from headstock (11) one end with support (23) rotate to be connected, power shaft (25) periphery splined connection is equipped with power gear (26), power gear (26) with master gear (13) pinion (27) modulus and pressure angle are all the same, be equipped with slide lead screw motor (24) in headstock (11), slide lead screw motor (24) are close to bedstand (17) one end power take off is equipped with the lead screw, the lead screw is kept away from slide lead screw motor (24) one end with support (23) rotate to be connected, sliding connection is equipped with sliding block (22) in support (23), the lower end of the sliding block (22) is connected with the support (23) in a sliding mode, the sliding block (22) is connected with the screw rod in a threaded mode, and the upper end of the sliding block (22) is clamped outside the lower end of the power gear (26).

5. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: fixed length mechanism is located including linking firmly in headstock (11) with motor cabinet (16) between bed (17) fixed length lead screw motor (15) in motor cabinet (16), fixed length lead screw motor (15) external threaded connection is equipped with slider (48), slider (48) lower extreme with motor cabinet (16) sliding connection, slider (48) upper end has linked firmly steering wheel (33), steering wheel (33) are close to headstock (11) one end power take off has linked firmly fixed length board (34).

6. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: feed mechanism is at least including locating headstock (11) inside upwards link up in feed hole (37) of headstock (11), headstock (11) are kept away from bed (17) one end has linked firmly material loading cylinder (28), material loading cylinder (28) piston one end extends to material loading hole (37) are kept away from trade bed (17) one end.

7. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: the fixed length plate (34) is close to one end of the headstock (11) and is fixedly connected with a travel switch (35), and the travel switch (35) is electrically connected with the feeding cylinder (28).

8. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: decide long board (34) one end top and link firmly gravity sensor (36), gravity sensor (36) in steering wheel (33) electric connection.

9. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: a blanking hole (32) is arranged in the bed seat (17) in a penetrating mode, the upper end of the lower wall of the blanking hole (32) is fixedly connected with a blanking plate (31), and one end, close to the bed seat (17), of the blanking plate (31) inclines downwards.

10. The self-clamping and self-loading and unloading fast lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: support (23) with be equipped with two lead screws (18) of symmetry between bed seat (17), lead screw (18) threaded connection has carriage apron (20), carriage apron (20) upper end sliding connection has knife rest (19), the centre gripping has the cutter in knife rest (19), headstock (11) with be equipped with cab apron (29) between master gear (13), cross cab apron (29) one end with headstock (11) link firmly, cross cab apron (29) with master gear (13) clearance fit, cross cab apron (29) with material loading cylinder (28) just right.