CN113084102B - Crystallizer protection slag liquid slag layer thickness testing device and method based on wettability - Google Patents
Crystallizer protection slag liquid slag layer thickness testing device and method based on wettability Download PDFInfo
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- CN113084102B CN113084102B CN202110407214.0A CN202110407214A CN113084102B CN 113084102 B CN113084102 B CN 113084102B CN 202110407214 A CN202110407214 A CN 202110407214A CN 113084102 B CN113084102 B CN 113084102B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/001—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the slag appearance in a molten metal stream
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/188—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to thickness of solidified shell
Abstract
The invention relates to a crystallizer casting slag liquid slag layer thickness testing device and method based on wettability, which mainly comprise a measuring device and a measuring wire based on wettability, wherein the measuring wire is inserted into a continuous casting crystallizer casting slag layer through the measuring device, the measuring wire is a first metal wire and a second metal wire which are arranged side by side, a surface coating is arranged on the whole length or a section of length of the first metal wire, the wettability of the surface coating on liquid slag is better than that of the second metal wire, and a sintering layer/liquid slag layer/liquid steel interface is reflected according to the wettability difference of the measuring wire on steel and slag, so that the thickness of the liquid slag layer is obtained. The device and the method for testing the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the casting powder have the advantages of simple and convenient operation, small error and high testing efficiency, and can simultaneously obtain the total thickness information of the liquid slag layer of the casting powder and the slag layer of the casting powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting processes, in particular to a device and a method for testing the thickness of a liquid slag layer of crystallizer casting slag, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the thickness of the liquid slag layer of crystallizer casting slag based on wettability.
Background
In the field of steel production, continuous casting, which is the main forming process of molten steel, has important effects on the yield and quality of steel. In order to ensure the smooth running of the continuous casting process and improve the surface quality of a casting blank, crystallizer covering slag is adopted in the production. After the protective slag is added into the crystallizer, the protective slag is sintered and melted under the action of longitudinal heat transfer of molten steel to form a slag powder layer, a sintered layer and a molten slag layer from top to bottom, and the protective slag mainly plays roles of heat insulation, heat preservation, secondary oxidation prevention of the molten steel and inclusion absorption in the molten steel; the liquid slag flows into the space between the blank shell and the crystallizer wall through the meniscus, and a liquid slag film-solid slag film is formed from inside to outside under the cooling action of the copper wall, so that the lubrication and the transverse heat transfer of the casting blank are controlled. Wherein, the thickness of the liquid slag layer has important influence on the realization of the function of the casting powder. If the liquid slag layer is too thin, a slag film with enough thickness cannot be formed between the casting blank and the crystallizer wall, so that the occurrence of a bonded bleed-out accident is easy to cause; in addition, along with the fluctuation of the liquid level of the steel, the liquid slag layer can not effectively isolate the molten steel to avoid slag entrapment and the like on the surface of the casting blank. If the liquid slag layer is too thick, a large slag ring is easily formed on the wall of the crystallizer, a meniscus liquid slag flow channel is blocked, a uniform and stable slag film cannot be formed, and cracks and even crack steel leakage are generated under the action of stress. In summary, it is very important to control a reasonable slag layer structure, especially to maintain a slag layer with a proper thickness, during the continuous casting process, so that it is very important to accurately detect and control the thickness of the slag layer.
At present, the measuring method of the thickness of the liquid slag layer can be divided into four types according to the measuring principle. (1) Temperature difference method: and measuring by using metal wires, copper wires and aluminum wires according to the temperature difference among the covering slag sintered layer, the liquid slag layer and the molten steel. Because the melting points of the metal wires are different, and the melting states of the metal wires are different, the thickness of the slag layer can be calculated according to the length difference of the metal wires. The most key problem of the method is that the temperature among layers of the covering slag is not kept constant but has a certain temperature gradient, and the position of the interface among the layers cannot be truly reflected by the position of the molten metal wire, so that the method has larger error in the actual measurement process. (2) Electrode method: two pieces of MoSi are arranged2The rod electrode is inserted into the covering slag layer at a certain speed, and the thickness of the liquid slag layer is calculated according to the time interval of the two times of sudden changes of the resistance value. The method can quickly react the structural change of the casting powder, but the test result is influenced by MoSi2The stick is stuck with slag and steel, and the electric and noise factors affect. (3) Carbon concentration detection method: and inserting a carbon concentration sensor into the protective slag layer, transmitting carbon concentration information in the crystallizer to a computer in real time, and calculating the thickness of the liquid slag layer according to the distance between the position of the maximum carbon concentration and the position where the carbon content concentration value in the molten steel appears for the first time. The method reduces the artificial error to a certain extent, but the result is influenced by factors such as the thickness of the carbon-rich layer, the insertion speed of the sensor, the response frequency and the like. (4) Algorithm of the heat flow densitometer: according to the fluctuation of the heat flux density of the sintering layer/liquid slag layer/molten steel interface when the crystallizer vibrates, calculating the frequency-power map sum of the heat flux density through an AR modelAnd the thickness of the liquid slag layer. The method has high automation degree and can obtain the thickness information of the liquid slag layer in real time, however, a large number of thermocouples need to be installed on the crystallizer, the existing equipment is modified, and the method is not favorable for large-scale popularization. In view of the defects of inaccurate interface, large measurement error, low efficiency and the like in the method, a new device and method for testing the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the crystallizer protective slag are urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a method for testing the thickness of a liquid slag layer of a crystallizer protection slag based on wettability so as to solve the technical problems of large measurement error and low efficiency of the thickness of the liquid slag layer in the prior art; the second purpose provides a testing arrangement of protection slag liquid slag blanket thickness.
In order to solve the technical problem, the device and the method for testing the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag based on the wettability mainly comprise a measuring device and a measuring wire based on the wettability, wherein the measuring wire is inserted into the continuous casting crystallizer casting slag layer through the measuring device, and the wettability difference of the measuring wire to steel and slag reflects the interface of a sintering layer/the liquid slag layer/molten steel, so that the thickness of the liquid slag layer is obtained.
Preferably, the measuring device comprises a handle, a telescopic rod, a measuring rod, a perforated slag trap and a timer.
Preferably, the measuring wire consists of a metal wire and a surface-coated metal wire.
Preferably, the melting point of the metal wire is higher than the temperature of the molten steel in the crystallizer.
Preferably, the surface coating has better wettability to liquid slag than the metal wire and is a metal oxide, such as alumina, ferric oxide and the like, and a mixture of the alumina and the ferric oxide.
Preferably, the measuring wire is vertically inserted into the crystallizer, the interface of the sintering layer/liquid slag layer is reflected by viscous liquid slag of the surface coating, and the interface of the liquid slag layer/liquid steel is reflected by viscous steel of the metal wire.
The method for testing the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag based on wettability is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) preparing the thickness testing device of the crystallizer protection slag liquid slag layer based on wettability according to process requirements;
2) inserting a first metal wire and a second metal wire at the front end of a measuring handle 1 into a continuous casting crystallizer casting slag layer, forming a sintered layer/liquid slag layer interface on a surface coating of the first metal wire and forming a liquid slag layer/liquid steel interface on the second metal wire according to the wettability difference of the first metal wire and the second metal wire to liquid steel and slag, and thus obtaining the thickness of the liquid slag layer.
Further:
between step 1), 2), still include: a, adjusting the angle between the measuring rod and the measuring handle to meet the requirement of a field operation environment;
b, vertically inserting a measuring wire into the covering slag layer through a measuring handle until the bottom end of the slag baffle is flush with the surface of the covering slag or the upper end of the measuring wire is flush with the surface of the covering slag;
the thickness of the obtained liquid slag layer is obtained by finding a sintering layer/liquid slag layer interface on the surface coating of the first metal wire and finding a liquid slag layer/molten steel interface on the second metal wire; and measuring the distance from the interface of the sintered layer/the liquid slag layer to the interface of the liquid slag layer/the molten steel layer by using a measuring scale or a graduated scale on the measuring rod to obtain the thickness of the liquid slag layer, wherein the distance from the top end of the surface coating to the interface of the liquid slag layer/the molten steel layer is the total thickness of the covering slag layer.
Compared with the prior art, the device and the method for testing the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the protective slag have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, a clear sintering layer/liquid slag layer/liquid steel interface is obtained in a mode that the oxide coating is adhered to slag and the metal wire is adhered to the liquid steel according to the difference of wettability among substances, so that the error problem caused by inaccurate interface in the conventional measuring method is solved, and the test result is accurate.
2. The invention utilizes the wettability difference between the oxide coating and the metal wire to the liquid slag and the molten steel, measures the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the protective slag according to the interface of the sintering layer/the liquid slag layer/the molten steel, has reliable principle and simple structure, is easy to operate, and can simultaneously measure the total thickness of the liquid slag layer of the protective slag and the slag layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring the thickness of a molten slag layer of casting powder in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a layered structure of mold flux in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sintered layer/liquid slag layer/molten steel interface on a measuring wire in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for measuring the thickness of a slag layer of a mold flux in an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: handle 1, measuring stick 2, bolt 3, telescopic link 4, measuring wire 5, first wire 6, second wire 7, surface coating 8, fixing bolt 9, slag trap 10, time-recorder 11, scale 12.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described herein are only some of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for testing the thickness of a liquid slag layer of crystallizer casting slag based on wettability, and aims to solve the technical problems of large error and low efficiency in the thickness test of the liquid slag layer in the prior art.
Referring to fig. 1, the wettability-based crystallizer casting slag liquid slag layer thickness testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a handle 1, wherein a measuring wire 5 is arranged at the front end of the handle 1, the measuring wire 5 is a first metal wire 6 and a second metal wire 7 which are arranged side by side, a surface coating 8 is arranged on the whole length or a section of length of the first metal wire 6, and the wettability of the surface coating 8 to liquid slag is better than that of the second metal wire 7. The first wire 6 and the second wire 7 have melting points that correspond to the melting point of the test molten metal, and are typically greater than the melting point of the molten metal.
In the figure, the front end of a handle 1 is rotatably connected with a measuring rod 2, the front end of the handle 1 is rotatably connected with the measuring rod 2 through an angle adjusting bolt 3, the angle between the front end of the handle 1 and the measuring rod 2 is adjusted through the bolt 3, the length of the handle 1 is telescopic, specifically, a telescopic rod 4 is arranged on the handle 1, and the length of the telescopic rod 4 is adjusted to meet the measuring requirements of various spatial position distances; the front end of the measuring rod 2 is inclined downwards, so that the measuring rod can conveniently go deep into a to-be-measured covering slag layer during measurement; a slag trap 10 is arranged at the front end of the measuring rod 2, so that the testing position can be conveniently positioned; the measuring wire 5 penetrates through a through hole of the slag trap hole 10 and is fixed or connected on the measuring rod 2 or the slag trap 10, and is arranged on the measuring rod 2 or the slag trap 10 through a fixing bolt 9 in the figure.
In this embodiment, the first and second wires are both Q195 wires. The surface of the first metal wire 6 is provided with a surface coating 8, the length of the surface coating 8 is 80mm, and the thickness of the surface coating is 0.3-0.5 mm. Two Q195 wires are national standard No. 17 wires, and the length is 150 mm. The surface coating 8 is a metal oxide such as alumina, or ferric oxide, or a mixture of both.
When the surface coating 8 is manufactured, oxide powder and water glass are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 2, stirring, uniformly coating the mixture on a metal wire by brushing, drying the metal wire in a dryer at 300 ℃ for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to finish the preparation of the oxide coating.
The handle 1 is provided with a timer 11, the time of the timer 11 is set when in use, for example, 3s, and the alarm sound is given after the time is up to remind a measurer to finish the measurement, and the measuring wire 5 is taken out from the crystallizer.
A graduated scale 12 is arranged on the measuring rod 2 to facilitate measurement of the distance between the liquid slag layer/liquid steel interface on the second metal wire 7 and the sintered layer/liquid slag layer interface on the surface coating 8.
As shown in FIG. 2, after the mold flux is added into the mold, a slag layer, a sintered layer and a liquid slag layer are sequentially formed from top to bottom due to the action of longitudinal heat transfer of molten steel. The device of this example distinguishes the interface between layers based on the surface and the wettability of the Q195 wire to the layers. As shown in FIG. 3, the wetting action between the second wire and the molten steel is good, so that the top of the molten steel adhered thereto can be determined as the surface of the molten steel. The surface coating of the first metal wire has no wetting effect with the solid powder slag and the sintering layer, and has strong wettability with the liquid slag, so that the top end of the liquid slag adhered to the surface coating can be judged as the slag liquid level. The distance between the two interfaces is the thickness of the liquid slag layer, and the distance between the top end of the surface coating and the liquid steel surface is the total thickness of the covering slag layer.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a measurement method of the present invention; the invention takes the measurement of the thickness of the casting slag layer of a 200-series stainless steel crystallizer of slab continuous casting as an example (the production conditions are that the drawing speed is 1m/min, and the section of a casting blank is 200 multiplied by 1240mm2The temperature of the steel liquid in the tundish is 1485 ℃), and the operation steps are summarized as follows:
1) preparing a crystallizer protection slag liquid slag layer thickness testing device based on wettability according to process requirements;
2) inserting a first metal wire 6 and a second metal wire 7 at the front end of a measuring handle 1 into a slag layer of the continuous casting crystallizer casting powder, and reflecting a sintered layer/liquid slag layer/liquid steel interface according to the wettability difference between the first metal wire 6 and the second metal wire 7 to steel and slag so as to obtain the thickness of the liquid slag layer.
The more specific operation steps are as follows:
s1, preparing the crystallizer protection slag liquid slag layer thickness testing device based on wettability according to process requirements; the measuring wire 5 is arranged on the measuring rod 2 through the slag trap 10, and the top end of the surface coating 8 of the first metal wire 6 is kept flush with the bottom of the slag trap;
s2, adjusting the angle between the measuring rod 2 and the handle 1 and the length of the telescopic rod 4 to adapt to the field operation environment;
s3, vertically inserting the measuring wire 5 into the covering slag layer through the handle 1 until the bottom end of the slag trap 10 is flush with the covering slag surface and is positioned on the same plane;
s4, keeping the testing position, and immediately taking the measuring wire 5 out of the crystallizer after the timing device 11 sends a test stopping signal;
s5, finding a liquid slag layer/molten steel interface on the second wire 7, finding a sintered layer/liquid slag layer interface on the surface coating 8 of the first wire 6, and usually taking the measuring wire 5 off the measuring device, thereby conveniently and accurately determining the interfaces;
and S6, measuring the distance from the interface of the sintering layer/the liquid slag layer to the interface of the liquid slag layer/the molten steel by using a measuring ruler or a graduated scale 12 on the measuring rod 2 to obtain the thickness of the liquid slag layer, and measuring the distance from the top end of the surface coating to the interface of the liquid slag layer/the molten steel to obtain the total thickness of the covering slag layer.
By adopting the steps, three repeated tests are respectively carried out on the thickness of the covering slag layer at the narrow edge, the position of the width 1/4 and the position of 1/2 in the crystallizer, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 thickness test result (mm) of casting powder layer of slab continuous casting 200 series stainless steel crystallizer
Example two
In the embodiment, the thickness of the casting powder slag layer of the plate blank continuous casting 300-series stainless steel crystallizer is tested, and the field process conditions are as follows: the drawing speed is 1.1m/min, and the section of the casting blank is 200 multiplied by 1530mm2The temperature of the molten steel in the tundish was 1496 ℃. Using the method described in example 1, three repeated tests were carried out on the mold flux layer thickness at positions 1/4 and 1/2 in the width direction, respectively, at the narrow side in the mold, according to the steps S1 to S6, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 thickness test result (mm) of casting powder layer of plate blank continuous casting 300 series stainless steel crystallizer
EXAMPLE III
In the embodiment, the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the protective slag of the continuous casting peritectic steel crystallizer of the plate blank is tested, and the field process conditions are as follows: the drawing speed is 1.2m/min, and the section of the casting blank is 230 multiplied by 1530mm2And the temperature of the molten steel in the tundish is 1547 ℃. In the present embodiment, the timer 11 presets a test duration of 2 s. Using the method described in example I, three repeated tests were performed on the mold flux layer thicknesses at positions 1/4 and 1/2 in the width direction, along the narrow side of the crystallizer, according to steps S1-S6, and the results are shown in the table3, respectively.
TABLE 3 thickness test result (mm) of covering slag layer of continuous casting peritectic steel crystallizer for slab
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all the modifications and equivalent substitutions should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for testing the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag based on wettability is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) preparing a crystallizer protection slag liquid slag layer thickness testing device based on wettability according to process requirements;
the crystallizer casting slag liquid slag layer thickness testing device based on wettability comprises a measuring handle (1), wherein a measuring wire (5) is arranged at the front end of the measuring handle (1), the measuring wire (5) is a first metal wire (6) and a second metal wire (7) which are arranged side by side, a surface coating (8) is arranged on the whole length or a section of length of the first metal wire (6), and the wettability of the surface coating (8) to liquid slag is better than that of the second metal wire (7); the melting points of the first metal wire (6) and the second metal wire (7) are larger than that of the molten steel;
the front end of the measuring handle (1) is rotatably connected with a measuring rod (2); the measuring wire (5) is arranged at the front end of the measuring rod (2);
2) inserting a first metal wire (6) and a second metal wire (7) at the front end of a measuring handle (1) into a slag layer of a continuous casting crystallizer protection slag, reflecting a sintering layer/liquid slag layer/molten steel interface according to the wettability difference of the first metal wire (6) and the second metal wire (7) to steel and slag, forming the sintering layer/liquid slag layer interface on a surface coating (8) of the first metal wire (6), and forming a liquid slag layer/liquid steel interface on the second metal wire (7), thereby obtaining the thickness of the liquid slag layer.
2. The wettability-based crystallizer protection slag liquid slag layer thickness test method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front end of the measuring rod (2) is provided with a slag trap (10), the slag trap (10) is provided with a through hole, and the first metal wire (6) and the second metal wire (7) respectively penetrate through the through hole and are fixed on the measuring rod (2) or the slag trap (10).
3. The method for testing the thickness of the slag layer of the crystallizer protection slag liquid based on wettability according to claim 1, wherein the lengths of the first metal wire (6) and the second metal wire (7) are equal.
4. The method for testing the thickness of the slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag liquid based on the wettability according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface coating (8) is aluminum oxide, ferric oxide or a mixture of the aluminum oxide and the ferric oxide.
5. The method for testing the thickness of the slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag liquid based on wettability according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a timing device (11) is arranged on the measuring handle (1).
6. The wettability-based thickness test method for the slag layer of the crystallizer protection slag liquid according to claim 4, wherein a graduated scale (12) is arranged on the measuring rod (2).
7. The method for testing the thickness of the slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag liquid based on the wettability according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the front end of the measuring handle (1) is rotatably connected with the measuring rod (2) through a bolt (3).
8. The method for testing the thickness of the slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag liquid based on wettability according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
between step 1), 2), still include: a, adjusting the angle between the measuring rod (2) and the measuring handle (1) to meet the requirement of a field operation environment;
and B, vertically inserting the measuring wire (5) into the covering slag layer through the measuring handle (1) until the bottom end of the slag trap (10) is flush with the surface of the covering slag, or the upper end of the measuring wire (5) is flush with the surface of the covering slag.
9. The method for testing the thickness of the slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag liquid based on wettability according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the thickness of the obtained liquid slag layer is obtained by finding a sintering layer/liquid slag layer interface on the surface coating (8) of the first metal wire (6) and finding a liquid slag layer/molten steel interface on the second metal wire (7); and measuring the distance from the interface of the sintered layer/the liquid slag layer to the interface of the liquid slag layer/the molten steel by using a measuring scale or a graduated scale (12) on the measuring rod (2), wherein the distance is the thickness of the liquid slag layer, and the distance from the top end of the surface coating to the interface of the liquid slag layer/the molten steel is the total thickness of the covering slag layer.
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