CN113080477B

CN113080477B - Automatic shell breaking, peeling and kernel taking machine for Chinese chestnuts and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113080477B
Application number: CN202110428024.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李明媛; 刘静; 温晓蕾
Original assignee: Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-04-21
Filing date: 2021-04-21
Publication date: 2022-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-21
Also published as: CN113080477A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic shell breaking and removing kernel taking machine for Chinese chestnuts and a using method thereof. According to the invention, by arranging the classification mechanism and the extrusion mechanism, Chinese chestnuts can be classified and respectively shelled by the classification mechanism and the extrusion mechanism, the integrity of the primarily shelled Chinese chestnut kernels can be ensured, meanwhile, the primarily shelled Chinese chestnut shells and the chestnut shells are removed by the shell breaking mechanism and the shell removing mechanism, the subsequent fruit shell removing operation is avoided, the complete Chinese chestnut kernels can be directly obtained, and the shelling effect is good.

Description

Automatic shell breaking, peeling and kernel taking machine for Chinese chestnuts and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic shell-breaking, coat-removing and kernel-taking machines for Chinese chestnuts, in particular to an automatic shell-breaking, coat-removing and kernel-taking machine for Chinese chestnuts and a using method thereof.

Background

The Chinese chestnut is rich in vitamins, carotene, calcium and other trace elements, has the effects of nourishing the stomach, tonifying the kidney and the like, and is popular with people. However, before the chestnuts are eaten, shells of the chestnuts need to be removed, most people manually remove the shells of the chestnuts at present, people need to hold tools to squeeze and crush the chestnuts, then the shells of the chestnuts are peeled off by hands to take out the kernels of the chestnuts, and therefore the chestnuts are labor-consuming, the work efficiency is low, people need to take out the kernels of the chestnuts after squeezing and crushing, the problems are troublesome, and the risk that hands are crushed by the chestnuts and the tools exists.

Therefore, the chinese patent with publication number 112544996a discloses a Chinese chestnut shelling device, which comprises a fixed frame, a special-shaped support frame, a crushing mechanism and an extrusion mechanism, wherein the Chinese chestnuts are placed into the extrusion mechanism by an operator, then the crushing mechanism is started, the crushing mechanism operates to drive the extrusion mechanism to operate, the extrusion mechanism operates to extrude the Chinese chestnuts, and the crushing mechanism operates to crush and shell the Chinese chestnuts; although the Chinese chestnut shelling equipment can realize the separation of the Chinese chestnut shells and the Chinese chestnut kernels by the squeezing of the squeezing mechanism and the crushing of the crushing mechanism, the Chinese chestnuts are not required to be squeezed and crushed manually by people, but the Chinese chestnuts with various sizes are easy to damage the Chinese chestnut kernels with large volumes in the crushing process of the squeezing process, so that waste is caused, and the completeness of the Chinese chestnuts after shelling is reduced.

Therefore, the Chinese patent with publication number 107594550A discloses a chestnut husk removing and hulling machine, which comprises a rack, a heating chamber, a husk breaking chamber, a chestnut and husk separating chamber and a husk breaking chamber, wherein the chestnut and husk separating chamber is internally provided with a multi-stage vibrating screen capable of separating chestnuts with shells in different specifications, so that the mechanism can realize the hulling operation of chestnuts in different specifications through the multi-stage vibrating screen; although the chestnut bract and husk removing machine can realize the operation of removing the husks of chestnuts with different specifications and improve the integrity of the chestnuts after the husks are removed, the outer layer of the chestnut kernels is also wrapped with a soft and light coat, and the equipment can only remove the chestnut shells, so that the following manual work or other mechanical equipment is needed to remove the coats clinging to the kernels, and the efficiency is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic shell breaking and removing and kernel taking machine for Chinese chestnuts and a using method thereof, which can classify Chinese chestnuts with different specifications and respectively carry out primary shell breaking operation, ensure the integrity of the Chinese chestnut kernels after shell breaking, simultaneously remove fruit shells attached to the outside of the Chinese chestnut kernels, improve the shell breaking and removing efficiency and have strong practicability.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: an automatic shell breaking, coat removing and kernel taking machine for Chinese chestnuts comprises a rack, a classifying mechanism for classifying Chinese chestnuts of various specifications, an extruding mechanism for primarily breaking shells of the Chinese chestnuts, a shell breaking mechanism for removing shells of the Chinese chestnuts, a coat removing mechanism for removing coats of fruits and a blanking separating mechanism for separating kernels of the Chinese chestnuts from shells and coats of the Chinese chestnuts, wherein the classifying mechanism, the extruding mechanism, the shell breaking mechanism, the coat removing mechanism and the blanking separating mechanism are all arranged on the rack, the classifying mechanism is arranged at the top of the rack, one end of the classifying mechanism is provided with a feeding funnel for feeding the Chinese chestnuts, and one end of the classifying mechanism, which is far away from the feeding funnel, is inclined downwards;

the classifying mechanism is characterized in that a classifying box for receiving chestnuts of various specifications is installed below the classifying mechanism, a classifying outlet is arranged on one side of the classifying box, the extruding mechanism is installed at the classifying outlet, one end of the extruding mechanism, which is far away from the classifying outlet, inclines downwards, the shell breaking mechanism is installed at the extruding mechanism, one end of the extruding mechanism, which is far away from the classifying outlet, is located below the extruding mechanism, a shell breaking feed hopper is installed at the top end of the shell breaking mechanism, a shell breaking discharge port is arranged at the bottom end of the shell breaking mechanism, the peeling mechanism is installed at the lower end of the shell breaking discharge port, and the blanking separating mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the peeling mechanism.

Further, categorised mechanism is including categorised cylinder and the categorised motor of being used for controlling categorised cylinder pivoted, be equipped with the axis of rotation in the middle of the categorised cylinder, categorised cylinder is close to feed hopper one end and is equipped with the feed inlet, categorised motor output shaft with rotation axis drive connects, in the feed inlet was inserted to feed hopper one end, categorised cylinder is divided into first classification room and second classification room according to the distance with the feed inlet by near to far in proper order, first classification room circumference department is equipped with a plurality of categorised poles with the equidistance of second classification room circumference department, the categorised pole quantity of first classification room circumference department is more than the categorised pole quantity of second classification room circumference department.

Furthermore, the classification box is provided with two loading and taking parts which are arranged in parallel, the two loading and taking parts are positioned below the classification roller and respectively correspond to the first classification chamber and the second classification chamber, and the classification outlets are respectively arranged on one side of the loading and taking parts and are communicated with the loading and taking parts.

Furthermore, the extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion track and an extrusion assembly arranged on the extrusion track, the projection surface of the extrusion track is of a Y-shaped structure and comprises two feeding ends and a discharging end, the two feeding ends are respectively connected with the two classification outlets, one side of the extrusion track close to the discharging end is inclined downwards, and the discharging end is positioned above the shell breaking mechanism;

the device comprises two groups of squeezing assemblies, a squeezing motor and a control system, wherein the squeezing assemblies are arranged on two feeding ends respectively, each group of squeezing assemblies comprises annular squeezing belts symmetrically arranged on two sides of each feeding end, squeezing rollers arranged at two ends of each annular squeezing belt and a squeezing motor in transmission connection with the squeezing rollers, and squeezing blocks which are convenient for squeezing Chinese chestnuts and enabling the Chinese chestnuts to be initially broken are arranged in the middles of the annular squeezing belts;

further, the width of the side of the feeding end close to the first sorting chamber is smaller than the width of the side of the feeding end close to the second sorting chamber.

Furthermore, the shell breaking mechanism comprises a shell breaking barrel, a friction assembly and a vibration assembly, wherein the friction assembly and the vibration assembly are arranged in the shell breaking barrel, the vibration assembly is fixedly arranged below the friction assembly, an intermediate funnel used for conveying the Chinese chestnut is arranged between the vibration assembly and the friction assembly, the friction assembly comprises a friction roller arranged in the shell breaking barrel and a friction motor used for controlling the friction roller to rotate, and friction patterns convenient for the Chinese chestnut to rub and break shells are arranged on the inner side wall of the shell breaking barrel;

the vibration subassembly includes the vibration dish, locates a plurality of beating sticks on the vibration dish and be used for controlling the vibrating motor of vibration dish work, be equipped with the vibration axle in the middle of the vibration dish, the guide arm to the outside extension of broken shell bucket is installed to vibration axle bottom, installs the crank piece of being connected with the guide arm and keeping away from broken shell bucket one end on the vibrating motor output shaft, broken shell bucket one end is kept away from to the guide arm and is equipped with the spout, be equipped with the slider on the crank piece, the slider gomphosis is in the spout.

Furthermore, go clothing mechanism includes two brush rollers that the level set up side by side, and the brush motor of being connected with the brush roller transmission, broken shell discharge gate is located two brush roller tops and aligns with two brush roller inboards, each brush roller one side all is equipped with the brush gear, two the meshing of brush gear.

Further, blanking separating mechanism is including connecing the material funnel and locating the air-blower that connects material funnel one side, two the brush roller is installed inside connecing the material funnel, connects the material funnel lower extreme to be equipped with the chestnut benevolence feed opening that is used for the unloading of chestnut benevolence and the waste material mouth that is used for the unloading of fruit clothing and chestnut shell respectively, chestnut benevolence feed opening and waste material mouth set gradually by near to far away according to the distance with the air-blower.

The use method of the automatic shell breaking, peeling and kernel taking machine for the Chinese chestnuts comprises the following steps:

s1: the method comprises the following steps that a batch of chestnuts are poured into a classification mechanism from a feeding hopper, the chestnuts enter a classification roller through a feeding hole, then a classification motor rotates to drive the classification roller to rotate, the chestnuts with smaller specifications fall into a loading part from gaps among classification rods at the circumference of a first classification chamber, the chestnuts with larger specifications enter a second classification chamber under the action of the rotation and gravity of the classification roller, and fall into a classification box through gaps among the classification rods at the circumference of the second classification chamber;

s2: chinese chestnuts of two specifications respectively enter the corresponding feeding ends of the extrusion tracks from the classification outlets on one side of the classification box, roll to the corresponding extrusion components under the action of gravity, and then the extrusion motor is started to move the extrusion belts so as to sequentially roll the Chinese chestnuts on the extrusion tracks into the extrusion belts;

s3: the chestnut shells are conveyed by the extrusion belts on the two sides of the rail, and are crushed under the action of the extrusion blocks to finish primary shell crushing, and then chestnuts at the two feeding ends are gathered at the discharging end of the extrusion rail and fall into the shell crushing mechanism from the discharging end of the extrusion rail through the shell crushing feed hopper under the action of gravity;

s4: the Chinese chestnut falls into the shell breaking barrel, at the moment, the friction motor is started to control the friction roller to rotate, the Chinese chestnut is extruded and rubbed by the friction roller and the friction patterns on the inner wall of the shell breaking barrel to completely break the Chinese chestnut shell, and then the broken Chinese chestnut falls into a vibration component below from a middle funnel;

s5: then, the vibration motor is started to control the crank block to rotate, at the moment, the sliding block moves in the sliding groove to enable the guide rod to swing continuously, the vibration disc is further vibrated, the Chinese chestnuts are vibrated by the vibration disc and hit by the hitting rod, cracked Chinese chestnut shells attached to the Chinese chestnut kernels fall off, and then the Chinese chestnut kernels and the fallen Chinese chestnut shells fall into the coat removing mechanism from the coat breaking and discharging port;

s6: the Chinese chestnut kernels fall into the inner sides of the two brush rollers, at the moment, the brush motor is started to drive the brush gears to rotate, so that the two brush rollers rotate towards the direction close to each other, Chinese chestnuts are subjected to coat removal between the two brush rollers, Chinese chestnut shell scraps and chestnut coats remained on the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut kernels are removed, and then the Chinese chestnut kernels after coat removal fall into the blanking and separating mechanism from the middles of the brush rollers;

s7: the Chinese chestnut kernels, the Chinese chestnut shell scraps and the chestnut shells enter the material receiving funnel, at the moment, the air blower is started to blow off the Chinese chestnut shell scraps and the chestnut shells attached to the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut kernels, and blow the light-weight scraps to the waste material port, so that the scraps fall out from the waste material port, the Chinese chestnut kernels directly fall out from the chestnut kernel material outlet under the action of gravity, and thus, the automatic shell breaking, coat removing and kernel taking operation of the Chinese chestnuts is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the classification mechanism is arranged, and the extrusion mechanism is arranged at the classification outlet, so that the chestnuts of various specifications can be classified by the classification mechanism, and then the classified chestnuts are extruded at different feeding ends of the extrusion mechanism respectively to complete the primary shell breaking operation, so that the chestnut kernels can be prevented from being extruded and broken due to overlarge chestnut specifications in the primary shell breaking process, and the integrity of the chestnut kernels after shell breaking can be ensured.

According to the invention, through the arrangement of the shell breaking mechanism, the coat removing mechanism and the blanking separating mechanism, the complete shell breaking operation can be carried out in the shell breaking mechanism after the Chinese chestnuts are initially broken, then the coat removing mechanism is used for removing the fruit coat attached to the outer wall of the Chinese chestnut kernel, and finally the Chinese chestnut kernel is separated from the Chinese chestnut shell scraps and the fruit coat through the blanking separating mechanism, so that the complete Chinese chestnut kernel is finally obtained.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the present embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sorting mechanism according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the pressing mechanism of the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the breaking mechanism according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the interior of the breaking mechanism according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the coat removing mechanism of the present embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the blanking-separating mechanism of the present embodiment;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the peeling mechanism and the separating mechanism of the present embodiment.

In the figure: 1. a frame; 11. a feed hopper; 2. a sorting mechanism; 21. a sorting drum; 211. a feed inlet; 22. a classification motor; 221. a driving pulley; 222. a driven pulley; 223. a belt; 23. a rotating shaft; 24. a first sorting chamber; 25. a second sorting chamber; 26. a sorting lever; 3. an extrusion mechanism; 31. extruding the rail; 311. a feeding end; 312. a discharge end; 32. an extrusion assembly; 321. an endless extrusion belt; 322. a squeeze roll; 323. an extrusion motor; 324. extruding the block; 325. a rotating shaft; 4. a shell breaking mechanism; 41. breaking the shell and discharging the material; 42. a shell breaking barrel; 43. a friction assembly; 431. a rubbing roller; 432. a friction motor; 433. a drive bevel gear; 434. a driven bevel gear; 44. a vibrating assembly; 441. a vibrating pan; 442. beating rod; 443. a vibration motor; 444. a vibration shaft; 445. a guide bar; 446. a crank block; 447. a chute; 448. a slider; 45. a middle funnel; 5. a coat removing mechanism; 51. a brush roller; 52. a brush motor; 53. a brush gear; 6. a blanking separation mechanism; 61. a receiving hopper; 611. a feeding port for chestnut kernels; 612. a waste material port; 62. a blower; 7. a sorting box; 71. a classification outlet; 72. a loading and unloading part;

8. a shell breaking feed hopper.

Detailed Description

In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., used herein indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the mechanism or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, an automatic shell-breaking, coat-removing and kernel-taking machine for chestnuts comprises a frame 1, wherein a classification mechanism 2 for classifying chestnuts of various specifications, a squeezing mechanism 3 for primarily breaking shells of chestnuts, a shell-breaking mechanism 4 for removing shells of chestnuts, a coat-removing mechanism 5 for removing coats of fruits and a blanking-separating mechanism 6 for separating the chestnut kernels from the shells and the coats of the chestnuts are respectively arranged on the frame 1, the classification mechanism 2 of the embodiment is arranged at the top end of the frame 1, and after the chestnuts enter the classification mechanism 2 and are classified, the chestnuts of various specifications can enter other mechanisms under the action of gravity to complete subsequent processes; one end of the sorting mechanism 2 is provided with a feeding funnel 11 for feeding the chestnuts, and the other end of the sorting mechanism 2 is inclined downwards, so that the chestnuts can enter the sorting mechanism 2 from the feeding funnel 11 under the action of gravity, and the sorting of specifications and sizes is completed in the sorting mechanism 2;

a classification box 7 for receiving chestnuts of various specifications is arranged below the classification mechanism 2, wherein one side of the classification box 7 is provided with a classification outlet 71, and the extrusion mechanism 3 is arranged at the classification outlet 71, so that the chestnuts of various specifications are classified, collected in the classification box 7, and enter the extrusion track 31 from the classification outlets 71 to be extruded, and the preliminary shell breaking of the chestnuts is completed; one end of the extrusion mechanism 3, which is far away from the classification outlet 71, is inclined downwards, so that the Chinese chestnuts which finish primary shell breaking can automatically roll into the shell breaking mechanism 4 arranged below one end of the extrusion mechanism 3, which is far away from the classification outlet 71, through the shell breaking feed hopper 8 under the action of gravity, and a complete shell breaking process of the Chinese chestnuts is finished in the shell breaking mechanism 4, so that the Chinese chestnut shells are completely broken; then, the Chinese chestnuts with crushed shells fall into a peeling mechanism 5 arranged below the shell breaking mechanism 4 from a shell breaking discharge port 41, and the peeling mechanism 5 sweeps away the shells adhered to the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut kernels and Chinese chestnut shell scraps attached to the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut kernels, so that the Chinese chestnut kernels are peeled; finally, the peeled chestnut kernels, the peel and the scraps of the chestnut kernels fall into a blanking and separating mechanism 6 arranged at the bottom end of the peeling mechanism 5, and the chestnut kernels, the scraps of the chestnut shells and the peel are separated in the blanking and separating mechanism 6, so that the complete peeled and peeled chestnut kernels are obtained.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the sorting mechanism 2 includes a sorting drum 21 and a sorting motor 22 for rotating the sorting drum 21, wherein a rotating shaft 23 is installed in the middle of the sorting drum 21, and the rotating shaft 23 is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the sorting motor 22, so that when the sorting motor 22 is started, the rotating shaft 23 can be driven to rotate to further rotate the sorting drum 21, thereby achieving the purpose of sorting the chestnut; the classification motor 22 and the rotating shaft 23 in the embodiment are connected with the belt wheel through the belt 223, and the classification motor has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in installation and maintenance, lower cost and the like; a driving belt wheel 221 is mounted on an output shaft of the classification motor 22, a driven belt wheel 222 is mounted at one end of the rotating shaft 23, which is far away from the feeding hopper 11, and a belt 223 is connected between the driving belt wheel 221 and the driven belt wheel 222, so that after the driving motor is started, the driven belt wheel 222 is pulled to rotate through the belt 223, and further the rotation of the classification roller 21 is realized;

the classifying drum 21 is provided with a feed inlet 211 near one end of the feed hopper 11, and one end of the feed hopper 11 is inserted into the feed inlet 211, so that the chestnuts can enter the classifying drum 21 from the feed inlet 211 after being poured onto the feed hopper 11, and the chestnuts can be prevented from falling off by inserting one end of the feed hopper 11 into the feed inlet 211; the classification roller 21 is sequentially divided into a first classification chamber 24 and a second classification chamber 25 from near to far according to the distance from the feed port 211, and the chestnuts with various specifications are classified through the first classification chamber 24 and the second classification chamber 25, so that the subsequent squeezing mechanism 3 is prevented from damaging chestnuts with large specifications; the circumferences of the first classification chamber 24 and the second classification chamber 25 are respectively provided with a plurality of classification rods 26, the number of the classification rods 26 at the circumference of the first classification chamber 24 is more than that of the classification rods 26 at the circumference of the second classification chamber 25, so that the gap at the circumference of the first classification chamber 24 is smaller than that of the gap at the circumference of the second classification chamber 25, chestnuts with smaller specifications fall into the classification box 7 from the gap between the classification rods 26 at the circumference of the first classification chamber 24 after entering the classification roller 21 from the feed port 211, chestnuts with larger specifications enter the second classification chamber 25 under the action of the rotation and gravity of the classification roller 21, and fall into the classification box 7 through the gap between the classification rods 26 at the circumference of the second classification chamber 25, and classification of the chestnuts with different specifications is realized.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the sorting box 7 of the present embodiment is provided with two loading portions 72 arranged in parallel, and the two loading portions 72 are both located below the sorting drum 21 and correspond to the positions of the first sorting chamber 24 and the second sorting chamber 25, respectively, so that the chestnuts dropped in the first sorting chamber 24 and the second sorting chamber 25 can be respectively assembled into a sort in the two loading portions 72; one side of each of the two loading parts 72 is provided with a classification outlet 71 and is respectively communicated with the respective loading part 72, so that the chestnuts in the loading parts 72 can respectively enter the extrusion mechanism 3 from the respective classification outlets 71 to complete the primary shell breaking operation.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 5, the extruding mechanism 3 includes an extruding rail 31 and two groups of extruding assemblies 32 disposed on the extruding rail 31, wherein the projection plane of the extruding rail 31 is a "Y" shaped structure and includes two feeding ends 311 and a discharging end 312, the two groups of extruding assemblies 32 are respectively mounted on the two feeding ends 311, by respectively connecting the two feeding ends 311 with the two sorting outlets 71, the chestnuts in the two loading parts 72 can respectively enter the extruding rail 31 from the two feeding ends 311, and respectively complete a preliminary shell breaking operation in the extruding assemblies 32 on the respective feeding ends 311; in the embodiment, the width of the feeding end 311 close to one side of the first sorting chamber 24 is smaller than that of the feeding end 311 close to one side of the second sorting chamber 25, so that the chestnuts with smaller specifications in the first sorting chamber 24 and the chestnuts with larger specifications in the second sorting chamber 25 can be subjected to preliminary shell breaking in the extrusion assemblies 32 suitable for the respective specifications;

the squeezing component 32 in this embodiment includes annular squeezing belts 321 arranged at two sides of the feeding end 311, squeezing rollers 322 arranged at two ends of the annular squeezing belts 321, and a squeezing motor 323 in transmission connection with the squeezing rollers 322, after the squeezing motor 323 is started, the squeezing rollers 322 are rotated, the squeezing rollers 322 pull the annular squeezing belts 321, so that the chestnuts on the feeding end 311 are rolled into the annular squeezing belts 321, in this embodiment, squeezing blocks 324 are arranged in the annular squeezing belts 321 at two sides, so that the chestnuts can be squeezed by the squeezing blocks 324 after being rolled into the annular squeezing belts 321, the chestnut shells are cracked, primary shell cracking is completed, and then the chestnuts continuously leave from the squeezing component 32 through the annular squeezing belts 321; the rotating shaft 325 is installed below the extrusion roller 322 of the embodiment, and the rotation of the extrusion roller 322 is realized by connecting the rotating shaft 325 with the output shaft of the extrusion motor 323, so that the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.

As shown in fig. 5, the whole extrusion track 31 in this embodiment is inclined downward, so that the chestnuts can automatically roll to the front end of the extrusion assembly 32 under the action of gravity after entering the extrusion track 31 from the feeding end 311, and automatically roll to the discharging end 312 under the action of gravity after completing the initial shell breaking in the extrusion assembly 32, and fall from the discharging end 312 to the shell breaking mechanism 4 installed below the discharging end 312 for complete shell breaking.

As shown in fig. 3, 6 and 7, the shell breaking mechanism 4 comprises a shell breaking barrel 42, and a friction component 43 and a vibration component 44 which are arranged in the shell breaking barrel 42, and a shell breaking feed hopper 8 is arranged at the top end of the shell breaking mechanism 4, so that the chestnuts after primary shell breaking enter the shell breaking mechanism 4 to carry out the shell removing operation of the chestnuts; the vibration component 44 in the embodiment is fixedly arranged below the friction component 43, wherein the friction component 43 is used for breaking and crushing the chestnut shells, and the vibration component 44 is used for further crushing the chestnut shells and simultaneously knocking off the cracked chestnut shells attached to the chestnut kernels; an intermediate funnel 45 is arranged between the friction assembly 43 and the vibration assembly 44, so that after the Chinese chestnuts are ground in the friction assembly 43, the Chinese chestnut kernels and the ground Chinese chestnut shells can fall into the vibration assembly 44 from the intermediate funnel 45, and the Chinese chestnut kernels or the Chinese chestnut shells are prevented from being thrown into the vibration assembly 44 by the friction assembly 43, so that the vibration assembly 44 is damaged or the Chinese chestnut kernels are broken;

as shown in fig. 7, the friction assembly 43 in this embodiment includes a friction roller 431 disposed in the shell breaking barrel 42 and a friction motor 432 for controlling the rotation of the friction roller 431, after a chestnut enters the friction assembly 43, the friction motor 432 is started to drive the friction roller 431 to rotate, the friction roller 431 strikes and rubs the chestnut shell, so that the chestnut shell is broken, the shell breaking barrel 42 prevents the chestnut from being struck by the friction roller 431 and thrown out of the shell breaking barrel 42, in this embodiment, a friction pattern is provided on the inner side wall of the shell breaking barrel 42, so that the chestnut shell can be rubbed by the friction pattern on the inner side wall of the shell breaking barrel 42 after the chestnut is struck by the friction roller 431 onto the shell breaking barrel 42, thereby improving the effect of removing the chestnut shell in this embodiment;

the friction rollers 431 of the embodiment are two in number and symmetrically arranged in the shell breaking barrel 42, meanwhile, the friction motors 432 are two in number and are respectively connected with the two friction rollers 431, and the friction breaking effect on chestnut shells can be further improved by arranging the two friction rollers 431; driven bevel gears 434 are respectively arranged above the two friction rollers 431, driving bevel gears 433 are respectively arranged on output shafts of the two friction motors 432, the friction motors 432 are connected with the friction rollers 431 through the meshing of the driving bevel gears 433 and the driven bevel gears 434, so that the transmission of two vertical shafts is realized in the embodiment, the rotation of the two friction rollers 431 is realized in a limited space, and after the friction motors 432 are started, the rotation of the friction rollers 431 is realized through the meshing of the driving bevel gears 433 and the driven bevel gears 434, so that the friction and the striking to chestnut shells are completed;

the vibration assembly 44 comprises a vibration disk 441, a plurality of beating rods 442 arranged on the vibration disk 441 and a vibration motor 443 for vibrating the vibration disk 441, wherein the chestnuts rubbed in the friction assembly 43 fall into the vibration assembly 44 from the middle funnel 45 and then fall onto the vibration disk 441, and after the vibration motor 443 is started, the vibration disk 441 is vibrated, so that the beating rods 442 vibrate the chestnuts on the vibration disk 441, and the cracked chestnut shells attached to the chestnut kernels fall off, so that the chestnut kernels are separated from the chestnut shells;

in the embodiment, the vibrating disk 441 is provided with a vibrating shaft 444 in the middle, the bottom end of the vibrating shaft 444 is provided with a guide rod 445 extending to the outside of the shell breaking barrel 42, the output shaft of the vibrating motor 443 is provided with a crank block 446, and the guide rod 445 is swung by connecting the crank block 446 with the guide rod 445, so that the vibrating disk 441 vibrates; the crank block 446 is provided with a sliding block 448, one end of the guide rod 445, which is far away from the shell breaking barrel 42, is provided with a sliding groove 447, the sliding block 448 is embedded in the sliding groove 447, when the vibration motor 443 is started, the crank block 446 is controlled to rotate, the sliding block 448 on the crank block 446 slides in the sliding groove 447, the guide rod 445 swings, finally, the vibration of the vibration disk 441 is realized through the swinging of the guide rod 445, and the beating of the beating rod 442 on the Chinese chestnut is completed.

After Chinese chestnuts are beaten by the vibrating component 44, Chinese chestnut kernels are separated from cracked Chinese chestnut shells, then the Chinese chestnut kernels and the Chinese chestnut shells fall into the coat removing mechanism 5 from a shell breaking discharge port 41 of the shell breaking component, as shown in fig. 8 and 10, the coat removing mechanism 5 comprises two brush rollers 51 which are horizontally arranged side by side and a brush motor 52 connected with the brush rollers 51, the position of the shell breaking discharge port 41 corresponds to the positions of the inner sides of the two brush rollers 51, after the Chinese chestnut kernels and the Chinese chestnut shells fall from the shell breaking discharge port 41, the Chinese chestnut kernels and the Chinese chestnut shells can directly fall between the two brush rollers 51, the two brush rollers 51 are enabled to rotate towards the inner sides of the two brush rollers 51 by starting the brush motor 52, so that the Chinese chestnut kernels falling between the two brush rollers 51 are involved between the two brush rollers 51, coat removing is carried out between the two brush rollers 51, and simultaneously, residual Chinese chestnut shells on the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut shells are cleaned by the brush rollers 51, obtaining a complete peeled chestnut kernel;

in this embodiment, the two brush rollers 51 are provided with the rotating shaft 325, and the brush gear 53 is provided on one side of the rotating shaft 325, so that the two brush gears 53 are engaged, and meanwhile, the output shaft of the brush motor 52 is connected with one of the rotating shafts 325, so that after the brush motor 52 is started, the two brush rollers 51 can rotate in the same speed and in different directions, and the chestnut kernels on the two brush rollers 51 are rolled in to carry out the operations of peeling and cleaning the chestnut shells.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the blanking separating mechanism 6 includes a receiving hopper 61 and a blower 62 disposed at one side of the receiving hopper 61, after the peeling of the chestnut kernels is completed, the chestnut kernels, the chestnut shells and the chestnut shells fall into the separating hopper from between the two brush rollers 51, and the chestnut kernels, the chestnut shells and the chestnut shells are separated by the blower 62, so as to obtain a complete peeled chestnut kernel; the two brush rollers 51 of the embodiment are arranged in the material receiving hopper 61, so that after Chinese chestnuts are subjected to coat removing operation, Chinese chestnut kernels can be directly separated from Chinese chestnut shells and Chinese chestnut coats under the action of the air blower 62, and the Chinese chestnut kernels can be prevented from falling out of a machine after being separated from the two brush rollers 51 to cause waste; the lower end of the material receiving funnel 61 is respectively provided with a chestnut kernel feed opening 611 for feeding chestnut kernels and a waste opening 612 for feeding chestnut shells and chestnut shells, wherein the chestnut kernel feed opening 611 and the waste opening 612 are sequentially arranged at one side of an air outlet of the air blower 62 from far to near according to the distance from the air blower 62, so that the chestnut kernels, the chestnut shells and the chestnut shells enter the material receiving funnel 61, the chestnut kernels with heavier weight fall out from the chestnut kernel feed opening 611, and the chestnut shells with lighter weight are blown to the waste opening 612 by the air blower 62, so that the chestnut shells and the chestnut shells fall out from the waste opening 612, the separation of the chestnut kernels, the chestnut shells and the chestnut shells is realized, and the chestnut kernels with complete coat removal are obtained.

An automatic shell-breaking, coat-removing and kernel-taking machine for Chinese chestnut and a using method thereof comprise the following steps:

s1: a batch of chestnuts are poured into the classification mechanism 2 from the feeding hopper 11, the chestnuts enter the classification roller 21 through the feeding hole 211, then the classification motor 22 rotates to drive the classification roller 21 to rotate, so that the chestnuts with smaller specifications fall into the loading and taking part 72 from the gaps among the classification rods 26 at the circumference of the first classification chamber 24, and the chestnuts with larger specifications enter the second classification chamber 25 under the action of the rotation and gravity of the classification roller 21 and fall into the classification box 7 through the gaps among the classification rods 26 at the circumference of the second classification chamber 25;

s2: chestnuts of two specifications respectively enter the corresponding feeding ends 311 of the extrusion tracks 31 from the classification outlets 71 on one side of the classification box 7, roll to the corresponding extrusion assemblies 32 under the action of gravity, and then the extrusion motors 323 are started to move the extrusion belts and sequentially roll the chestnuts on the extrusion tracks 31 into the extrusion belts;

s3: the chestnut shells are conveyed by the extrusion belts on the two sides of the rail and are crushed under the action of the extrusion blocks 324 to finish primary shell crushing, and then chestnuts at the two feeding ends 311 are gathered at the discharging end 312 of the extrusion rail 31 and fall into the shell crushing mechanism 4 from the discharging end 312 of the extrusion rail 31 through the shell crushing feed hopper 8 under the action of gravity;

s4: the Chinese chestnut falls into the shell breaking barrel 42, at the moment, the friction motor 432 is started to control the friction roller 431 to rotate, the Chinese chestnut is extruded and rubbed by the friction roller 431 and the friction patterns on the inner wall of the shell breaking barrel 42 to completely break the Chinese chestnut shell, and then the broken Chinese chestnut falls into the vibration component 44 below from the middle funnel 45;

s5: subsequently, the vibration motor 443 is started to control the crank block 446 to rotate, at this time, the slide block 448 moves in the slide groove 447 to enable the guide rod 445 to continuously swing, so that the vibration disc 441 vibrates, the Chinese chestnut is vibrated by the vibration of the vibration disc 441 and hit by the hitting rod 442, the cracked Chinese chestnut shells attached to the Chinese chestnut kernels fall off, and then the Chinese chestnut kernels and the fallen Chinese chestnut shells fall into the peeling mechanism 5 from the shell breaking discharge port 41;

s6: the Chinese chestnut kernels fall into the inner sides of the two brush rollers 51, at the moment, the brush motor 52 is started to drive the brush gear 53 to rotate, so that the two brush rollers 51 rotate towards the direction close to each other, Chinese chestnuts are subjected to coat removal between the two brush rollers 51, Chinese chestnut shell scraps and chestnut coats remained on the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut kernels are removed, and then the Chinese chestnut kernels after coat removal fall into the blanking and separating mechanism 6 from the middle of the brush rollers 51;

s7: the Chinese chestnut kernels, the Chinese chestnut shell scraps and the chestnut shells enter the material receiving hopper 61, at the moment, the air blower 62 is started to blow off the Chinese chestnut shell scraps and the chestnut shells attached to the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut kernels, and blow the light-weight scraps to the waste material port 612, so that the scraps fall out from the waste material port 612, the Chinese chestnut kernels directly fall out from the Chinese chestnut shell feeding port 611 under the action of gravity, and thus, the automatic shell breaking, coat removing and kernel taking operation of the Chinese chestnuts is completed.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: after entering the classifying drum 21 through the feeding port 211, the classifying motor 22 rotates to drive the classifying drum 21 to rotate, so that the chestnuts with smaller specifications fall into the loading and unloading part 72 from the gaps between the classifying rods 26 at the circumference of the first classifying chamber 24, and the chestnuts with larger specifications enter the second classifying chamber 25 under the action of the rotation and gravity of the classifying drum 21 and fall into the classifying box 7 through the gaps between the classifying rods 26 at the circumference of the second classifying chamber 25; then, chestnuts of two specifications are respectively extruded into the corresponding feed end 311 of the rail 31 from the classification outlet 71 on one side of the classification box 7 and roll to the corresponding extrusion assembly 32 under the action of gravity, then the extrusion motor 323 is started to move the extrusion belts, the chestnuts on the extrusion rails 31 are sequentially rolled into the extrusion belts, and the chestnut shells are extruded and broken under the action of the extrusion blocks 324, so that preliminary shell breaking is completed;

then, the chestnuts at the two feeding ends 311 are gathered at the discharging end 312 of the extrusion rail 31, fall into the shell breaking feed hopper 8 from the discharging end 312 of the extrusion rail 31 under the action of gravity, and then enter the shell breaking mechanism 4 through the shell breaking feed hopper 8; at this time, the friction motor 432 is started to control the friction roller 431 to rotate, the Chinese chestnut is squeezed and rubbed by the friction roller 431 and the friction pattern on the inner wall of the shell-breaking barrel 42 to completely break the Chinese chestnut shells, and then the broken Chinese chestnut is vibrated in the assembly 44 from the middle funnel 45, subsequently, the vibration motor 443 is activated to control the crank block 446 to rotate, at this time, the slider 448 moves in the sliding groove 447 to make the guide rod 445 swing continuously, the vibratory plate 441 is further vibrated, the chestnuts are shaken by the vibration of the vibratory plate 441 and the hitting of the hitting rod 442, the cracked chestnut shells adhering to the chestnut kernels are dropped, and then the chestnut kernels and the dropped chestnut shells are dropped into the peeling mechanism 5 from the shell-breaking discharge port 41, at this time, the Chinese chestnut kernels fall into the inner sides of the two brush rollers 51, the brush motor 52 is started to enable the two brush rollers 51 to rotate towards the direction close to each other, Chinese chestnuts are peeled between the two brush rollers 51, and the Chinese chestnut shell scraps and the Chinese chestnut shells on the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut kernels are removed;

then, the Chinese chestnut kernels, the Chinese chestnut shell scraps and the chestnut shells fall into the material receiving funnel 61, at the moment, the air blower 62 is started to blow off the Chinese chestnut shell scraps and the chestnut shells attached to the surfaces of the Chinese chestnut kernels, and blow the light-weight scraps to the waste material port 612, so that the scraps fall out from the waste material port 612, the Chinese chestnut kernels directly fall out from the Chinese chestnut kernel feeding port 611 under the action of gravity, and thus, the automatic shell breaking, shell removing and kernel taking operation of the Chinese chestnuts is completed;

the classification of each specification size chinese chestnut is realized through sorting mechanism 2 to this embodiment, prevent that the chinese chestnut from when carrying out preliminary shell breaking, the great chinese chestnut of volume is extruded and is damaged, the less chinese chestnut shell breaking failure of volume, can guarantee the integrality after the chinese chestnut shell breaking, simultaneously, this embodiment is through setting up shell breaking mechanism 4, remove clothing mechanism 5 and blanking separating mechanism 6, can carry out complete shell breaking operation in shell breaking mechanism 4 after making the preliminary shell breaking of chinese chestnut, the overcoat that shell breaking mechanism 5 was hugged closely with the outer wall of chinese chestnut kernel is got rid of to the rethread, separate the chinese chestnut kernel with chinese chestnut shell piece and overcoat through blanking separating mechanism 6 at last, obtain complete chinese chestnut kernel, compared with prior art, avoided subsequent overcoat to get rid of the operation, can directly obtain complete chinese chestnut kernel, it is effectual to remove the shell.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic machine of getting benevolence of shelling peeling off of chinese chestnut, includes the frame, its characterized in that: the Chinese chestnut peeling machine further comprises a classification mechanism for classifying Chinese chestnuts of various specifications, an extrusion mechanism for primarily crushing the Chinese chestnuts, a shell crushing mechanism for removing the shells of the Chinese chestnuts, a peeling mechanism for removing fruit coats and a blanking separation mechanism for separating the Chinese chestnut kernels from the Chinese chestnut shells and the fruit coats, wherein the classification mechanism, the extrusion mechanism, the shell crushing mechanism, the peeling mechanism and the blanking separation mechanism are all arranged on the frame, the classification mechanism is arranged at the top of the frame, one end of the classification mechanism is provided with a feeding hopper for feeding the Chinese chestnuts, and one end of the classification mechanism, which is far away from the feeding hopper, is inclined downwards;

a classification box for receiving chestnuts of various specifications is arranged below the classification mechanism, a classification outlet is arranged on one side of the classification box, the extrusion mechanism is arranged at the classification outlet, one end of the extrusion mechanism, which is far away from the classification outlet, is inclined downwards, the shell breaking mechanism is arranged at one end of the extrusion mechanism, which is far away from the classification outlet, and is positioned below the extrusion mechanism, a shell breaking feed hopper is arranged at the top end of the shell breaking mechanism, a shell breaking discharge port is arranged at the bottom end of the shell breaking mechanism, the peeling mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the shell breaking discharge port, and the blanking separation mechanism is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the peeling mechanism;

the classifying mechanism comprises a classifying roller and a classifying motor for controlling the classifying roller to rotate, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the classifying roller, a feeding hole is formed in one end, close to the feeding funnel, of the classifying roller, an output shaft of the classifying motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft, one end of the feeding funnel is inserted into the feeding hole, the classifying roller is sequentially divided into a first classifying chamber and a second classifying chamber from near to far according to the distance from the feeding hole, a plurality of classifying rods are arranged at equal distances at the circumference of the first classifying chamber and the circumference of the second classifying chamber, and the number of the classifying rods at the circumference of the first classifying chamber is more than that of the classifying rods at the circumference of the second classifying chamber;

the classification box is provided with two loading and unloading parts which are arranged in parallel, the two loading and unloading parts are positioned below the classification roller and respectively correspond to the first classification chamber and the second classification chamber, and the classification outlets are respectively arranged on one sides of the two loading and unloading parts and are communicated with the loading and unloading parts;

the extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion track and an extrusion assembly arranged on the extrusion track, the projection surface of the extrusion track is of a Y-shaped structure and comprises two feeding ends and a discharging end, the two feeding ends are respectively connected with the two classification outlets, one side of the extrusion track, which is close to the discharging end, inclines downwards, and the discharging end is positioned above the shell breaking mechanism;

the extrusion subassembly quantity is two sets of and installs respectively on two feed ends, and each group's extrusion subassembly all includes that the symmetry locates the annular extrusion area of each feed end both sides, installs at the squeeze roll at annular extrusion area both ends and the extrusion motor of being connected with the squeeze roll transmission, be equipped with the extrusion piece that is convenient for extrude the chinese chestnut and make its preliminary broken shell in the middle of the annular extrusion area.

2. The automatic shell-breaking, coat-removing and kernel-taking machine for Chinese chestnut according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the side of the feeding end close to the first sorting chamber is smaller than the width of the side of the feeding end close to the second sorting chamber.

3. The automatic shell-breaking, coat-removing and kernel-taking machine for Chinese chestnut according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shell breaking mechanism comprises a shell breaking barrel, a friction assembly and a vibration assembly, wherein the friction assembly and the vibration assembly are arranged in the shell breaking barrel, the vibration assembly is fixedly arranged below the friction assembly, an intermediate funnel used for conveying Chinese chestnuts is arranged between the vibration assembly and the friction assembly, the friction assembly comprises a friction roller arranged in the shell breaking barrel and a friction motor used for controlling the friction roller to rotate, and friction patterns convenient for the Chinese chestnuts to rub and break shells are arranged on the inner side wall of the shell breaking barrel;

the vibration subassembly includes the vibration dish, locates a plurality of beating sticks on the vibration dish and be used for controlling the vibrating motor of vibration dish work, be equipped with the vibration axle in the middle of the vibration dish, the guide arm to the outside extension of broken shell bucket is installed to vibration axle bottom, install on the vibrating motor output shaft and keep away from the crank piece that broken shell bucket one end is connected with the guide arm, broken shell bucket one end is kept away from to the guide arm and is equipped with the spout, be equipped with the slider on the crank piece, the slider gomphosis is in the spout.

4. The automatic shell-breaking, coat-removing and kernel-taking machine for Chinese chestnut according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coat removing mechanism comprises two brush rollers horizontally arranged side by side and a brush motor in transmission connection with the brush rollers, the shell breaking discharge port is located above the two brush rollers and aligned with the inner sides of the two brush rollers, and one side of each brush roller is provided with a brush gear which is meshed with the two brush gears.

5. The automatic shell-breaking, coat-removing and kernel-taking machine for Chinese chestnut as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: blanking separating mechanism is including connecing the material funnel and locating the air-blower that connects material funnel one side, two the brush roller is installed inside connecing the material funnel, connects the material funnel lower extreme to be equipped with the chestnut benevolence feed opening that is used for the unloading of chestnut benevolence respectively and is used for the waste material mouth of fruit clothing and the unloading of chestnut shell, chestnut benevolence feed opening and waste material mouth set gradually by near to far according to the distance with the air-blower.

6. The use method of the automatic shell-breaking, peeling and kernel-taking machine for the Chinese chestnuts as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following working steps: