CN113075500A - Similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method based on sliding window and application - Google Patents
Similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method based on sliding window and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a sliding window based similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method and application, wherein the method comprises the following steps: starting fault recording, and acquiring the recording data of each node within a set time length before and after a fault triggering moment; determining the initial time of the fault according to the wave recording data of each node; each node respectively intercepts zero mode current sampling values in a data window with a set length in the front and back direction by taking the initial fault time as a reference; filtering the zero-mode current sampling value of each node to obtain a transient zero-mode current; solving the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes; and positioning the fault section according to the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes. The invention adopts the sliding window to calculate the similarity coefficient, has no data alignment problem, solves the problem of low fault positioning accuracy caused by the data alignment problem caused by fault transient characteristics, sampling precision, synchronization precision and the like, and effectively reduces the fault power failure range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ground fault positioning of a power grid, in particular to a similarity single-phase ground fault positioning method based on a sliding window and application thereof.
Background
In a 3-35kV power system in China, a small-current grounding mode is usually adopted, namely a neutral point is not grounded and is grounded through an arc suppression coil, and the purpose is to improve the power supply reliability. However, when the system has a single-phase earth fault, only the zero sequence voltage and the zero sequence current change, and the zero sequence current change is not obvious, so the earth line selection rate is not high all the time, the current line selection principle basically expands around the steady state quantity or the transient state quantity of the fundamental wave and the harmonic wave of the zero sequence current, but the line selection method based on the steady state phasor is influenced by the system operation mode, the line selection based on the transient state method is influenced by the magnitude of the earth resistance and the earth instantaneous voltage, so that the maintainer has to use a pull circuit method to eliminate the earth feeder, the power supply reliability is reduced, and the system is extremely not suitable for the high automation level of the current power grid.
In recent years, power grid companies accelerate the construction pace of intelligent terminals of power distribution networks, and expect to shorten the fault power failure range, improve the fault troubleshooting efficiency and improve the power supply reliability, however, under a low-current grounding system, the grounding protection problem of a single-phase grounding fault cannot be solved well all the time due to the influence of a neutral point grounding mode, and the effect and the progress of power distribution automation construction are obstructed.
The traditional zero-mode current transient characteristic similarity coefficient positioning method has the advantages of simple sampling and wave recording data, easy realization of the positioning method and obvious characteristics, is a hotspot method of the current fault positioning technology, and has been applied on site in a large scale. In the prior art, wave recording data of each node in a set time length before and after a fault triggering moment is obtained according to wave recording data distributed and installed on each node device; determining the initial time of the fault according to the wave recording data of each node; backward intercepting a zero mode current sampling value in a data window with a set length by taking the initial fault time as a reference; filtering the zero-mode current sampling value to obtain a zero-mode current transient quantity; carrying out similarity analysis on the zero-mode current transient state quantity in the data window to obtain a similarity coefficient of the zero-mode current transient state characteristic; and positioning the fault section according to the similarity coefficient of the transient characteristics of the zero-mode current. However, due to the fact that transient resonance processes of an upstream line and a downstream line of a fault point are mutually independent during ground fault, and due to the fact that line structures and scales are different and main resonance frequencies of transient states are generally different, transient state wave recording data installed on each node device in a distributed mode can have difference at fault initial time, and problems of sampling precision, synchronization precision, time setting precision and the like of the sampled data can cause data alignment difficulty, waveforms with similarity are easily changed into dissimilarity, and fault positioning misjudgment is caused. The existing GPS/BD dual-mode time synchronization or B code synchronous time synchronization based on the whole network unification can only solve the problem of time synchronization precision, but can not solve the problem of data alignment caused by fault transient characteristics, sampling precision, synchronous precision and the like, and the existing fault positioning accuracy is not high. In view of this, a high-precision and high-accuracy zero-mode current transient characteristic similarity coefficient positioning method is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method based on a sliding window and application thereof, which can solve the problem of low fault positioning accuracy in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a sliding window-based similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting fault recording based on set single-phase earth fault starting criteria, and acquiring wave recording data of each node within a set time length before and after a fault triggering moment;
step 2, determining the initial moment of the fault according to the wave recording data of each node;
step 3, intercepting zero mode current sampling values in a data window with a set length from front to back by taking the initial fault time as a reference by each node;
step 4, filtering the zero-mode current sampling value of each node to obtain transient zero-mode current;
and 6, positioning the fault section according to the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes.
Furthermore, a zero sequence voltage out-of-limit method is adopted as the starting criterion of the single-phase earth fault.
Further, the moment when the transient zero-mode current sudden change first exceeds the set threshold is the initial moment of the fault.
Further, the step 5 comprises: sampling point data is taken; two groups of sampling point data of two adjacent nodes circularly move the window position; intercepting common positions of two groups of data of two adjacent nodes; calculating a similarity coefficient using the co-located data; and taking the similarity coefficient with the maximum absolute value as the similarity coefficient of transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes.
Further, the similarity coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein iob(t) transient zero-mode current at upstream probing points of the monitoring section, iolAnd (T) is transient zero-mode current of a downstream detection point of the monitoring section, and T is transient process duration.
Further, if the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are similar and opposite in polarity, or the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are dissimilar, it is determined that a fault interval exists between the two adjacent nodes.
Further, if ρ < - ρTThe transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are similar and opposite in polarity;if-pT＜ρ＜ρTRepresenting that the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are dissimilar, wherein p represents the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes, and pTIndicating a set threshold value.
Further, the set threshold value is 0.6.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a sliding window-based similarity single-phase earth fault positioning device, which comprises a fault starting detection module, a control module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a fault area positioning module, wherein:
the fault starting detection module is used for detecting a fault starting moment based on a set single-phase earth fault starting criterion;
the control module controls the data acquisition module to start fault recording according to the fault departure time, and acquires the recording data of each node within a set time length before and after the fault triggering time;
the data processing module is used for determining the initial fault moment according to the wave recording data of each node; intercepting zero mode current sampling values in a data window with a set length from front to back by taking the initial fault time as a reference; filtering the zero-mode current sampling value of each node to obtain a transient zero-mode current; solving the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes;
and the fault area positioning module is used for determining a fault area according to the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes, and judging that a fault interval exists between the two adjacent nodes if the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes are similar and have opposite polarities or the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes are not similar.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a storage medium, where a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is run, the method for positioning a single-phase ground fault based on similarity of a sliding window can be executed.
According to the similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method based on the sliding window and the application, the sliding window is adopted to calculate the similarity coefficient, the data alignment problem does not exist, and the problem of low fault positioning accuracy caused by the data alignment problem caused by fault transient characteristics, sampling precision, synchronization precision and the like is solved. The node real-time interacts adjacent node fault recording data, zero-mode current transient data of the same section are intercepted based on the initial moment of the fault, a sliding window is adopted to calculate a similarity coefficient, the value corresponding to the maximum value of the absolute value of the similarity coefficient is taken as the similarity coefficient of the two groups of data, the problem of positioning errors caused by data misalignment is avoided, the fault section is analyzed and positioned by utilizing the similarity of the transient characteristic data of the data window, the accurate positioning of a single-phase earth fault is realized, and the power failure range of the fault can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-branch distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of determining a similarity coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of transient data of zero-mode current according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of similarity coefficients of a zero-mode current transient data similarity array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure in the specification. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, and not restrictive, of the embodiments of the disclosure. The disclosure may be embodied or carried out in various other specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made in the details within the description without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method based on the sliding window comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting fault recording based on set single-phase earth fault starting criteria, and acquiring recording data of each node within a set time length before and after a fault triggering moment.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, a zero sequence voltage out-of-limit method is adopted as the single-phase ground fault starting criterion. The specific method of the single-phase ground fault initiation criterion should not be taken as a limitation of the present invention. The zero sequence voltage out-of-limit method means that the zero sequence voltage exceeds a certain set limit value.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the set time period is 2 cycles before and after the fault triggering time.
And 2, determining the initial fault moment according to the wave recording data of each node.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the determining an initial time of the fault according to the wave recording data of each node specifically includes:
and searching the moment when the transient zero-mode current mutation first exceeds the set threshold, and considering the moment as the fault initial moment. The threshold can be determined according to the instantaneous maximum value of the transient zero-sequence current mutation in the range, for example, 20%, and 1/8 cycle sampling points, that is, 3/40 cycle sampling points after 1/20 cycles before the initial time of the fault are taken as a fault window.
And 3, intercepting the zero-mode current sampling values in the data window with the set length by each node respectively in the front and back direction by taking the initial fault time as a reference.
And 4, filtering the zero-mode current sampling value of each node to obtain the transient zero-mode current.
And 5, solving the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, a sliding window is used to calculate a similarity coefficient, and the similarity coefficient with the largest absolute value is taken as the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes.
Calculating a similarity coefficient by adopting a sliding window, specifically comprising the following steps:
1) sampling point data is taken, and if 1/20 cycles before the initial fault time and 3/40 cycles after the initial fault time are taken as fault windows, 1/8 cycle sampling point data is taken.
2) And setting the minimum value of tail data storage data, namely the number of sampling points of a fault window is m, the data size of the calculated data is n, the minimum value of the calculated data is w, and w < n < m.
3) Two groups of sampling point data of two adjacent nodes circularly move the window position.
4) The common position of the two sets of data is intercepted.
5) The similarity coefficient is calculated using the co-located data.
And successively calculating the similarity coefficient of transient zero-mode current between adjacent monitoring nodes of the nodes according to the following formula:
wherein iob(t) and iolAnd (T) is transient zero-mode current of upstream and downstream detection points of the monitoring section, and T is transient process duration. 1. ltoreq. rho.ltoreq.1, the greater the | rho | is, i is indicatedob(t)、iol(t) the higher the similarity.
In the formula, ρ is a similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode current of the node and the adjacent node.
6) A similarity coefficient list is formed.
7) And taking the similarity coefficient with the maximum absolute value in the list as the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode current of the adjacent nodes.
Table 1 shows the process of finding the similarity coefficient using a sliding window. The first set of data represents data of one of the two adjacent nodes and the second set of data represents data of the other of the two adjacent nodes.
TABLE 1
And 6, positioning the fault section according to the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, step 6 comprises:
if the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are similar and have opposite polarities, judging that a fault interval exists between the two adjacent nodes; or the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are not similar, judging that a fault interval exists between the two adjacent nodes.
Setting rhoT0.6 is a threshold value, and rho > rhoTRepresenting that the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are similar and have the same polarity; -pT＜ρ＜ρTRepresenting the dissimilar transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes, where-pTThe < rho < 0 part indicates that transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are dissimilar and have opposite polarities, and 0 < rhoTThe part indicates that transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are dissimilar and have the same polarity; rho < -rhoTThe transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are similar and opposite in polarity.
The node can be installed in power distribution network line nodes such as transformer substations, ring main units, column switches and PMUs, and as shown in FIG. 1, the node device realizes the acquisition of voltage and current signals at each node and calculates zero-sequence voltage and zero-mode current in real time.
It is seen from fig. 3 that the problem of data misalignment exists when the same section zero mode current transient data is captured based on the initial moment of a fault, the two waveforms are similar, but the problem of data alignment is caused by the transient characteristic, sampling precision, synchronization precision and the like of the fault, and the similarity calculated by the conventional zero mode current transient characteristic similarity method is 0.56 as seen from the similarity coefficient list waveform diagram of the zero mode current transient data in fig. 4, and the similar waveforms are judged wrongly, so that the interval judgment is wrong.
And solving a similarity coefficient by adopting a sliding window, and taking the similarity coefficient with the maximum absolute value as the similarity coefficient of the two groups of data. As can be seen from fig. 4, the similarity coefficient with the largest absolute value is 0.959, and therefore, taking the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode current of two adjacent nodes as 0.959 has the characteristic of high accuracy.
Taking a fault initial time t0 as a time section, and taking the time section as a reference to intercept 1/8 cycle wave data window zero-mode current sampling values I1, I2, I3 and I4, and taking the sampling values as transient characteristic analysis data sources; filtering the zero-mode current in the data window to obtain zero-mode current transient quantities I1, I2, I3 and I4 of the node k and the adjacent nodes after filtering; carrying out similarity single-phase earth fault optimization positioning analysis based on a sliding window on k-mode transient currents I1, I2, I3 and I4 of adjacent nodes of the power distribution;
and solving a similarity coefficient by adopting a sliding window, and taking the similarity coefficient with the maximum absolute value as the similarity coefficient of the two groups of data to perform data case analysis.
Sampling 8k of data, wherein 3/40 periodic sampling points are adopted as fault window data after 1/20 periods before the initial fault time, namely 20 sampling points; and setting the minimum stored data size value of the tail end data as 16 points, performing sliding window to solve a similarity coefficient, and taking the similarity coefficient with the maximum absolute value as the similarity of the two groups of data.
Table 2 shows the process of finding the similarity coefficient using a sliding window. The first set of data represents data of one of the two adjacent nodes and the second set of data represents data of the other of the two adjacent nodes.
TABLE 2
Several cases are used below to illustrate the determination of the fault region:
case 1:
| similarity of characters | Device 1 | Device 2 | Device 3 | Device 4 |
| Device 1 | 1 | 0.9996 | ||
| Device 2 | 1 | 0.9992 | ||
| Device 3 | 1 | -0.0676 | ||
| Device 4 | 1 |
Where the device represents a monitoring node. The similarity of the transient zero-mode currents of the 3 rd monitoring node and the 4 th monitoring node is-0.0676, which indicates that the transient zero-mode currents of the 3 rd monitoring node and the 4 th monitoring node are dissimilar and have opposite polarities, and the positioning condition of the similarity judgment interval is met, so that the fault section is the 3 rd monitoring node and the 4 th monitoring node.
Case 2:
| similarity of characters | Device 1 | Device 2 | Device 3 | Device 4 |
| Device 1 | 1 | 0.9998 | ||
| Device 2 | 1 | 0.1914 | ||
| Device 3 | 1 | 0.9961 | ||
| Device 4 | 1 |
The similarity of the transient zero-mode currents of the 2 nd monitoring node and the 3 rd monitoring node is 0.1914, which is smaller than the set threshold value, so that the transient zero-mode currents of the 2 nd monitoring node and the 3 rd monitoring node are not similar, and the fault section is between the 2 nd monitoring node and the 3 rd monitoring node.
Case 3:
the similarity of the transient zero-mode currents of the 2 nd monitoring node and the 3 rd monitoring node is 0.1760, which is smaller than the set threshold value, so that the transient zero-mode currents of the 2 nd monitoring node and the 3 rd monitoring node are not similar, and the fault section is between the 2 nd monitoring node and the 3 rd monitoring node.
Case 4:
| similarity of characters | Device 1 | Device 2 | Device 3 | Device 4 |
| Device 1 | 1 | 0.9989 | ||
| Device 2 | 1 | -0.0588 | ||
| Device 3 | 1 | 0.9068 | ||
| Device 4 | 1 |
The similarity of the transient zero-mode currents of the 2 nd monitoring node and the 3 rd monitoring node is-0.0588, which indicates that the transient zero-mode currents of the 3 rd monitoring node and the 4 th monitoring node are dissimilar and have opposite polarities, and the positioning condition of the similarity judgment interval is met, so that the fault section is the 3 rd monitoring node and the 4 th monitoring node.
Single-phase earth fault positioner of similarity based on sliding window, including fault start detection module, control module, data acquisition module, data processing module, fault area orientation module, wherein:
and the fault starting detection module is used for detecting the fault starting time based on the set single-phase earth fault starting criterion.
And the control module controls the data acquisition module to start fault recording according to the fault departure time, and acquires the recording data of each node within a set time length before and after the fault triggering time.
The data processing module is used for determining the initial fault moment according to the wave recording data of each node; intercepting zero mode current sampling values in a data window with a set length from front to back by taking the initial fault time as a reference; filtering the zero-mode current sampling value of each node to obtain a transient zero-mode current; and solving the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes.
And the fault area positioning module is used for determining a fault area according to the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes, and judging that a fault interval exists between the two adjacent nodes if the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes are similar and have opposite polarities or the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes are not similar.
A storage medium is stored with a computer program, and the computer program can be operated to execute the similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method based on the sliding window.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The above description is for the purpose of illustrating embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention shall fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method based on the sliding window is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, starting fault recording based on set single-phase earth fault starting criteria, and acquiring wave recording data of each node within a set time length before and after a fault triggering moment;
step 2, determining the initial moment of the fault according to the wave recording data of each node;
step 3, intercepting zero mode current sampling values in a data window with a set length from front to back by taking the initial fault time as a reference by each node;
step 4, filtering the zero-mode current sampling value of each node to obtain transient zero-mode current;
step 5, solving the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes;
and 6, positioning the fault section according to the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes.
2. The sliding-window-based similarity single-phase ground fault positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that a zero-sequence voltage out-of-limit method is adopted as the single-phase ground fault starting criterion.
3. The sliding-window-based similarity single-phase ground fault location method according to claim 1, wherein a time when the transient zero-mode current jump first exceeds a set threshold is the initial time of the fault.
4. The sliding-window-based similarity single-phase ground fault location method according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 comprises: sampling point data is taken; two groups of sampling point data of two adjacent nodes circularly move the window position; intercepting common positions of two groups of data of two adjacent nodes; calculating a similarity coefficient using the co-located data; and taking the similarity coefficient with the maximum absolute value as the similarity coefficient of transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes.
5. The sliding-window-based similarity single-phase earth fault positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the similarity coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein iob(t) transient zero-mode current at upstream probing points of the monitoring section, iolAnd (T) is transient zero-mode current of a downstream detection point of the monitoring section, and T is transient process duration.
6. The sliding-window-based similarity single-phase ground fault positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are similar and opposite in polarity, or the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are not similar, and it is determined that a fault interval exists between the two adjacent nodes.
7. The sliding-window-based similarity single-phase ground fault location method according to claim 6, characterized in that if ρ < - ρTThe transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are similar and opposite in polarity; if-pT＜ρ＜ρTRepresenting that the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes are dissimilar, wherein p represents the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes, and pTIndicating a set threshold value.
8. The sliding-window-based similarity single-phase ground fault location method according to claim 7, wherein the set threshold value is 0.6.
9. Single-phase earth fault positioner of similarity based on sliding window, its characterized in that starts detection module, control module, data acquisition module, data processing module, fault area orientation module including the trouble, wherein:
the fault starting detection module is used for detecting a fault starting moment based on a set single-phase earth fault starting criterion;
the control module controls the data acquisition module to start fault recording according to the fault departure time, and acquires the recording data of each node within a set time length before and after the fault triggering time;
the data processing module is used for determining the initial fault moment according to the wave recording data of each node; intercepting zero mode current sampling values in a data window with a set length from front to back by taking the initial fault time as a reference; filtering the zero-mode current sampling value of each node to obtain a transient zero-mode current; solving the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of two adjacent nodes;
and the fault area positioning module is used for determining a fault area according to the similarity coefficient of the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes, and judging that a fault interval exists between the two adjacent nodes if the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes are similar and have opposite polarities or the transient zero-mode currents of the two adjacent nodes are not similar.
10. A storage medium having a computer program stored therein, wherein the computer program is capable of executing the sliding window based similarity single-phase ground fault location method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN114859266A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Open-circuit fault diagnosis method for CHB photovoltaic grid-connected inverter system |
| CN116184125A (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-05-30 | 青岛鼎信通讯科技有限公司 | Distribution line ground fault positioning method based on data acquisition equipment |
| CN116819318A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-09-29 | 赫义博自动化科技(江苏)有限公司 | Motor fault detection method and system |
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