CN113074908A - Device and method for measuring influence of water level fluctuation on hydrodynamic force of benthonic animal habitat in river-dredging lake - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring influence of water level fluctuation on hydrodynamic force of benthonic animal habitat in river-dredging lake Download PDFInfo
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- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
- G01C13/008—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal measuring depth of open water
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitat water in a river-dredging lake, which comprises a ship body, wherein a power device for controlling the whole ship body to move is arranged on the ship body, and a water depth measuring device for measuring water depth is arranged on one side of the top of the ship body; a control room is arranged in the middle of the ship body, and a data acquisition and processing module for collecting and feeding back data is arranged in the control room; and a flow measuring device is arranged on the top of the ship body and positioned on the other side of the water depth measuring device. The water depth measuring device and the flow measuring device are arranged on the ship and can move at any time and any place for measurement, the characteristic that only a certain point or a certain fixed section can be measured is broken through, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high sharing efficiency and the like; the real-time flow velocity and the water depth of the lake through the river can be well measured, and an adaptive habitat is provided for the survival of the benthonic animals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water level prediction, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the influence of water level fluctuation on the hydrodynamic force of benthonic animal habitat in a lake and a river.
Background
The water resource is an important resource in the ecological environment, and is very important and indispensable for detecting, regulating and managing the water environment in order to keep the ecological environment of the lake through the river healthy and stable. The survival of microorganisms, fishes, aquatic plants, benthonic animals and the like in water needs a proper water environment, and once the water environment changes, the survival state of the organisms in the water is affected. The construction of cascade reservoirs and the continuous development and progress of water conservancy and hydropower technology ensure that water resources are fully utilized, such as navigation, power generation, flood control and the like, but the suitable habitat of aquatic organisms is ignored. Among them, benthonic animals in rivers and lakes are important biological groups of the river ecosystem, and the composition and distribution of benthonic animals are significantly influenced by river flow dynamic conditions.
Benthic animals exhibit a pronounced distribution profile in the longitudinal direction of the river: the number and composition of species of benthonic animals are related to factors such as the stability of the substrate, the sand content of rivers, the precipitation and the like. Among them, the influence of the bottom material, sand content and flow velocity in hydrodynamic conditions on the benthonic animals is most significant. Therefore, the benthonic animals in the lake and the Tongjiang river are very sensitive to the water depth and the flow velocity, and once the water level and the flow velocity are changed, the quantity and the quality of the food of the benthonic animals are influenced, so that the microbial habitat where the benthonic animals inhabit can be changed, and the food taking efficiency of the benthonic animals can be influenced. When the water level fluctuation range exceeds the adaptation range of the benthonic animals in the lake through the river, the habitat of the benthonic animals can be forced to change, the ecological balance of the wetland is influenced, and even the stability of the population can be seriously influenced.
However, an advanced control device for simultaneously measuring the water depth and the bottom flow rate in the lake through the river is lacked at present. For example, Yangyangli (patent No. CN 111811610A) invented a hydraulic engineering measuring device, but only aiming at the measurement of water depth, the considered factor is single, a current speed detector under the high-frequency vibration working condition is invented in pottery (patent No. CN 110988377A), but the applicable condition is smaller, and the current speed detector is only suitable for small pipelines, Gong Shian (patent No. CN 212134728U) invented a hydraulic engineering current speed detecting device, but because the device is fixed, only the data of a certain fixed point can be tested, and the obtained data is not representative. Therefore, there is a need for a device and a method for measuring the influence of water level fluctuation on the hydrodynamic force of the benthonic animal habitat in the river and lake, which can detect the changes of the water level and the flow velocity in time to solve the problems and make an important contribution to the maintenance of ecological diversity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the influence of water level fluctuation on the hydrodynamic force of benthonic animal habitat in rivers and lakes, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: a device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitat water in a river-reaching lake comprises a ship body, wherein a power device for controlling the whole ship body to move is arranged on the ship body, and a water depth measuring device for measuring water depth is arranged on one side of the top of the ship body; a control room is arranged in the middle of the ship body, and a data acquisition and processing module for collecting and feeding back data is arranged in the control room; and a flow measuring device is arranged on the top of the ship body and positioned on the other side of the water depth measuring device.
The power device comprises a driving paddle wheel arranged at the bottom of the ship body, the driving paddle wheel is connected with a paddle power meter for driving the driving paddle wheel to rotate, the driving paddle wheel is connected with a rudder stock arranged on the ship body, the rudder stock penetrates through a rudder hole arranged on the ship body, and a rudder is arranged at the top end of the rudder stock and controls the moving direction of the ship body; the ship body is provided with the GPS positioning device, the GPS positioning device adopts a universal recorder, and can intelligently transmit and position in real time, shoot videos and realize real-time watching.
The water depth measuring device comprises a supporting piece fixed on the top of a ship body, a damping plate is fixed on the top of the supporting piece, a protective shell is fixed on the top of the damping plate, a heavy hammer line retracting and releasing mechanism is installed inside the protective shell, a heavy hammer line is wound on the heavy hammer line retracting and releasing mechanism, the other end of the heavy hammer line bypasses a wheel carrier mechanism, and a heavy hammer is connected to the tail end of the heavy hammer line; and the heavy hammer line retracting mechanism is provided with a meter counter for measuring the length of the heavy hammer line.
The heavy hammer line retracting mechanism comprises an installation partition plate fixed inside a protective shell, a motor is fixed at the top of the installation partition plate, driving discs are installed on an output shaft of the motor, line wheels are installed between the driving discs, and heavy hammer lines are wound on the line wheels.
The wheel carrier mechanism comprises support bars fixed at the top of the ship body, the support bars are connected through connecting bolts to form a truss structure, first pulleys and second pulleys are symmetrically installed at the top of the truss structure through the support bars, and heavy hammer lines sequentially pass around the first pulleys and the second pulleys.
The upper end of the heavy hammer is provided with a pressure sensor through a lantern ring, the top of the heavy hammer is provided with an electromagnetic valve, when the heavy hammer reaches the water bottom, the pressure sensor senses and touches the electromagnetic valve and feeds back the electromagnetic valve to the meter counter, and the meter counter displays readings through an LED panel;
the meter counter transmits data through a data acquisition and processing module between the wireless and control rooms, so that water depth detection data can be transmitted and monitored in real time through 5G.
The heavy hammer comprises a lead block with a conical structure, and a brass layer is arranged outside the lead block.
A monitoring rod is fixedly installed at the top of the control room, a solar panel and a monitoring device are installed at the top of the monitoring rod, the solar panel and the monitoring device comprise a monitoring support, a high-definition camera is fixedly installed on the monitoring support through a monitoring support bolt, a solar panel support is installed on the monitoring support, and a solar panel is installed on the solar panel support; solar panel provides the electric energy for the power demand equipment, and high definition digtal camera can 360 rotations to the condition of real time monitoring on-board device, monitoring data can be through 5G fast transmission.
Flow measuring device is including fixing the reinforcement backing plate at the hull top, the top parallel of reinforcing backing plate is fixed with and adopts telescopic sleeve consecutive first flexible post and the flexible post of second respectively, horizontal expansion plate is installed at the top of the flexible post of first flexible post and second, install the telescopic joint on the horizontal expansion plate, concave rail is installed to the other end of telescopic joint, rotate on the concave rail and install the directive wheel, the surveillance arm is installed through the buckle in the bottom of directive wheel, the grab bucket is installed to the bottom of surveillance arm, install optical measurement device on the grab bucket.
The method for measuring the hydrodynamic influence of benthonic animals habitats in the lake through the water level fluctuation comprises the following steps:
step 1: the ship is driven to a lake, the solar panel is a motor, the monitoring device and the data acquisition and processing module supply power;
step 2: the staff closes the motor and the switch of the control room, the controller controls the motor and the wire wheel to work cooperatively, the heavy hammer is placed at the water bottom, and the water depth is measured;
step 3: starting a flow measuring device, putting the optical measuring device into the water bottom through a grab bucket, enabling a light source in the optical measuring device to generate polarized light after passing through a polarizer, converting the polarized light into a sheet light source after passing through an optical irradiator, irradiating a plurality of suspended particles in the cross section of the liquid, shooting the sheet light source by using a photosensitive camera when passing through a first induction irradiation device, enabling a certain distance between a first light source induction device and a second light source induction device, shooting the sheet light source again by using the photosensitive camera when passing through a second induction irradiation device, transmitting a shooting result to a data acquisition processing module in a control room, transmitting the processed data to a background computer by using a 5G technology, and detecting the flow;
step 4: the water depth and flow data are recorded in the middle control room, the data acquisition device transmits the data to the data processing terminal through 5G signals, and the data are output to the background.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the device can be used for automatically monitoring the water depth of a water body, the rolling and releasing of the heavy hammer line measuring weight at the tail end of the heavy hammer line are effectively ensured through the rolling and rolling of the heavy hammer line wheel through the combined structure of the heavy hammer line rolling and releasing mechanism, the heavy hammer line, the meter counter and the measuring heavy hammer, the length of the heavy hammer line placed in the water is effectively measured in combination with the measurement of the meter counter on the rolled and released heavy hammer line, and therefore the water depth is measured.
2. Through the combined structure of the weight line retracting mechanism and the track measuring mechanism, after a measuring heavy hammer is placed down to reach the water bottom, the acceleration sensor is matched with the sliding sleeve which is sleeved on the weight line in a sliding mode and runs downwards along the weight line, the track of the weight line is measured, the extension and distribution of the weight line after entering water are displayed in a matching mode, the trace of the weight line is drawn by a computer in a matching mode through the counter meter of the weight line, the calculation of the motion mileage measured by the acceleration sensor and the counter meter of the weight line are matched, and the water depth measurement is effectively guaranteed comprehensively.
3. The invention provides a method for measuring the polarization data and images of suspended substances in a water body area through polarization-optical induction to obtain the physical structure of particles and pigment fluorescence information, thereby realizing the measurement of suspended substance flux. The polarization scattering characteristic and the fluorescence excitation characteristic of a plurality of suspended particles in the cross section of the water body are utilized to determine the particles, the quantity, the classification information and the like in the water body, so that the motion of suspended matters in the water body can be rapidly identified.
4. Compared with other methods, the method has the advantages that different light sources are imaged differently by different suspended matter, so that scattered light of a plurality of particles in a water body interface illuminated by a sheet light source is received, polarization data and images are synchronously obtained, the internal structure of the particles is known by polarization, pigment information of suspended matters and the like are known by exciting fluorescence characteristics, the measurement efficiency of the suspended matters in the water body is greatly realized, and the identification accuracy is also greatly improved. And the method is environment-friendly and economical, and has important significance for ecological environmental evaluation and environmental detection.
5. The device can be used for automatically monitoring suspended substances in a water body, so that the flow value of the river-reaching lake can be measured. Has important significance for feeding benthonic animals in the lake through the river.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a solar panel and monitoring system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the weight of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention for measuring suspended matter by optical means.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the structure of the measuring system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a water depth-flow data plot of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a ship body 1, a 2-paddle power meter, a 3-drive paddle wheel, 4-support bars, 5-connecting bolts, 6-heavy hammers, 7-first pulleys, 8-second pulleys, 9-heavy hammer lines, 10-installation partition plates, 11-line wheels, 12-drive disks, 13-meter devices, 14-support pieces, 15-damping plates, 16-protection shells, 17 motors, 18-solar panels and monitoring devices, 19-monitoring rods, 20-control rooms, 21-data acquisition and processing modules, 22-reinforcing backing plates, 23-first telescopic columns, 24-second telescopic columns, 25-transverse telescopic plates, 26-telescopic sleeves, 27-telescopic joints, 28-concave rails, 29-steering wheels, 30 buckles, 31-monitoring arms, 32-grab buckets, 33-optical measuring devices, 34-monitoring bracket bolts, 35-high-definition cameras, 36-monitoring brackets, 37-solar panels, 38-solar panel brackets, 39-ring sleeves, 40-pressure sensors, 41-electromagnetic valves, 42-lead blocks and 43-brass.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-6, a device for measuring the influence of water level fluctuation on the hydrodynamic force of benthonic animal habitats in rivers and lakes comprises a hull 1, wherein a power device for controlling the movement of the whole hull is arranged on the hull 1, and a water depth measuring device for measuring the water depth is arranged on one side of the top of the hull 1; a control room 20 is arranged in the middle of the ship body 1, and a data acquisition and processing module 21 for collecting and feeding back data is arranged in the control room 20; and a flow measuring device is arranged on the top of the ship body 1 and positioned on the other side of the water depth measuring device. The device can be used for measuring the water depth and flow of the lake through the river, and further measuring the hydrodynamic environment. The flow measuring device measures the flow velocity at the bottom of the lake in real time by using an optical principle; the water depth measuring device and the flow measuring device are arranged on the ship and can move at any time and any place for measurement, the characteristic that only a certain point or a certain fixed section can be measured is broken through, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high sharing efficiency and the like; the real-time flow velocity and the water depth of the lake through the river can be well measured, and an adaptive habitat is provided for the survival of the benthonic animals.
Furthermore, the invention is used for a certain river and lake, and in order to measure the water depth and flow by the instrument anytime and anywhere, the ship body 1 is subjected to larger wind and wave impact and alternating load. In order to ensure the strength, stability, floatability and non-sinking property of the ship body, the material of the ship body is high-quality carbon steel.
Further, the power device comprises a driving paddle wheel 3 arranged at the bottom of the ship body 1, the driving paddle wheel 3 is connected with a paddle power meter 2 used for driving the driving paddle wheel to rotate, the driving paddle wheel 3 is connected with a rudder stock arranged on the ship body 1, the rudder stock passes through a rudder hole arranged on the ship body 1, and a rudder is arranged at the top end of the rudder stock and controls the moving direction of the ship body 1; the ship body 1 is provided with a GPS positioning device, the GPS positioning device adopts a universal recorder, and can intelligently transmit and position in real time, shoot videos and realize real-time watching. The power device can be used for driving the ship body 1 to walk, and the specific position of the ship is determined through the GPS positioning device. In the working process, the paddle power meter 2 drives the driving paddle wheel 3, and then the driving paddle wheel 3 pushes the ship body 1 to run.
Further, the water depth measuring device comprises a supporting piece 14 fixed on the top of the ship body 1, a damping plate 15 is fixed on the top of the supporting piece 14, a protective shell 16 is fixed on the top of the damping plate 15, a heavy hammer line retracting and releasing mechanism is installed inside the protective shell 16, a heavy hammer line 9 is wound on the heavy hammer line retracting and releasing mechanism, the other end of the heavy hammer line 9 bypasses the wheel carrier mechanism, and the tail end of the heavy hammer line is connected with a heavy hammer 6; and a meter counter 13 for measuring the length of the weight line 9 is arranged on the weight line retracting and releasing mechanism.
Furthermore, the heavy hammer line retracting mechanism comprises an installation partition plate 10 fixed inside a protective shell 16, a motor 17 is fixed at the top of the installation partition plate 10, a driving disc 12 is installed on an output shaft of the motor 17, a line wheel 11 is installed between the driving discs 12, and a heavy hammer line 9 is wound on the line wheel 11. In order to reduce the noise of the generator and the wire wheel, a damping plate is arranged on a supporting piece, and the thickness of the supporting piece is 3-5 cm. The right side of the protective shell is provided with a hole, and the heavy hammer line is connected with the line wheel and the pulley through the hole. The protective shell is also made of steel.
Further, wheel carrier mechanism is including fixing the support bar 4 at 1 top of hull, connect through connecting bolt 5 between the support bar 4 and become the truss structure, install first pulley 7 and second pulley 8 at the top of truss structure through the bracing piece symmetry, heavy hammer line 9 is in proper order around first pulley 7 and second pulley 8. The support bars are connected by bolts according to the shape of the triangle by utilizing the principle that the triangle has stability. The bottom of the fixed support is connected with the ship surface in a welding mode so as to ensure the firmness of the fixed support. The first pulley 7 and the second pulley 8 form a V-shaped structure.
Further, a pressure sensor 40 is installed at the upper end of the weight 6 through a lantern ring 39, an electromagnetic valve 41 is installed at the top of the weight 6, when the weight 6 reaches the water bottom, the pressure sensor 40 senses and touches the electromagnetic valve 41, and then the pressure value is fed back to the meter counter 13, and the meter counter 13 displays the reading through an LED panel. In order to ensure that the heavy hammer successfully enters the water bottom, a ring sleeve is arranged at the upper part of the heavy hammer, and the inner ring of the ring sleeve is connected with the outer part of the heavy hammer to form a pressure sensor at the upper end of the ring sleeve. In order to detect the depth of the heavy hammer in the water body in real time, a battery valve is arranged on the left side of the pressure sensor.
Further, the meter counter 13 performs data transmission through a data acquisition and processing module 21 of the wireless and control room 20, so that the water depth detection data can be rapidly transmitted through 5G for real-time monitoring. The meter counter is a high-precision electronic digital automatic sensing meter counter, the screen is an LED digital display screen, the specification of the panel is 72mm x 72mm, and the reading precision can be accurate to millimeter. The meter counter is also powered by a solar panel.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the weight wire retracting mechanism includes a wire wheel protecting sleeve installed on the upper end of the working plate, the opening side of the wire wheel protecting sleeve faces the retractable bracket, a weight wire wheel is vertically and rotatably installed inside the wire wheel protecting sleeve, the lower shaft end of the weight wire wheel extends to the outer cavity of the working plate and is installed at the output end of the motor, the motor is installed on the bottom wall of the installation partition plate, a weight wire is wound on the weight wire wheel, the weight wire is located on the wire wheel protecting sleeve, a wire arranging component is further sleeved on the inner cavity of the wire wheel protecting sleeve, the motor is started, winding and unwinding of a weight measured at the tail end of the weight wire are ensured by winding and unwinding the weight wire wheel, the length of the weight wire placed in water is effectively measured by combining with the roller high-precision electronic digital auto-sensing meter, thereby the water depth is measured, and the wire arranging component is combined to effectively, thereby realizing that the weight line and the measuring weight are matched with the winding and the unwinding of the weight line wheel for measurement and recovery.
Further, the weight 6 includes a lead block 42 with a conical structure, and a brass layer 43 is disposed outside the lead block 42. Because the weight is soaked in water for a long time, in order to improve the corrosion resistance of the weight, the weight is made of brass outside and contains lead blocks inside.
Further, a monitoring rod 19 is fixedly installed at the top of the control room 20, a solar panel and a monitoring device 18 are installed at the top of the monitoring rod 19, the solar panel and the monitoring device 18 include a monitoring support 36, a high-definition camera 35 is fixedly installed on the monitoring support 36 through a monitoring support bolt 34, a solar panel support 38 is installed on the monitoring support 36, and a solar panel 37 is installed on the solar panel support 38; solar panel provides the electric energy for the power demand equipment, and high definition digtal camera 35 can 360 rotations to the condition of the on-board device of real time monitoring, monitoring data can be through 5G fast transmission.
Furthermore, a door is arranged on the right side of the control room, so that a worker can conveniently overhaul the machine when the machine fails. All data acquisition systems and data processing systems are transmitted to the background in real time through 5G.
Further, in this example, a solar panel and a monitoring device are disposed opposite the control room. The solar panel has a power generation mode of light-electricity direct conversion. The solar panel is a semiconductor photodiode, and when solar energy irradiates the photodiode, the photodiode directly converts the solar energy into electric energy, thereby generating current to supply power for the motor. The monitoring adopts Haokawav vision solar camera shooting high-definition remote monitoring matching device, the device can rotate by 360 degrees, the resolution ratio is high, and data can be read at high speed.
Further, flow measuring device is including fixing the reinforcement backing plate 22 at hull 1 top, the top parallel of reinforcing backing plate 22 is fixed with and adopts telescopic sleeve 26 consecutive first flexible post 23 and the flexible post 24 of second respectively, horizontal expansion plate 25 is installed at the top of the flexible post 24 of first flexible post 23 and second, install telescopic joint 27 on the horizontal expansion plate 25, concave rail 28 is installed to telescopic joint 27's the other end, rotate on the concave rail 28 and install directive wheel 29, monitoring arm 31 is installed through buckle 30 in the bottom of directive wheel 29, grab bucket 32 is installed to monitoring arm 31's bottom, install optical measurement device 33 on the grab bucket 32. The flow measuring device can be used for automatic measurement of flow.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 5, in the present example, for the flow rate measurement device, measurement is performed by an optical principle. A stainless steel plate with the thickness of 5cm is welded at the joint of the steel plate and the ship surface, a T-shaped base is arranged on the steel plate, the center of the base is downwards concave by 2cm, then an upright post is installed, and the upright post is connected with the base through bolts. A longitudinal telescopic sleeve is arranged between the upright posts so as to facilitate the extension and retraction of the lifting rod. Wherein the lifting rods are symmetrically distributed. The upper end of the lifting rod is provided with a transverse expansion plate, the joint of the expansion plate and the expansion plate is connected by an expansion joint, and the distance between the flow velocity measuring instrument and the ship body when entering the lake bottom is adjusted by adjusting the transverse expansion plate so as to ensure that the flow velocity measuring instrument is not interfered. A concave rail is arranged at the transverse expansion plate at the tail end, and a steering pulley is arranged on the concave rail, so that the angle of the flow velocity measuring device entering the water bottom can be adjusted.
In this example, the flow rate measuring device is made of a high corrosion resistance alloy steel.
The polarized light is extremely sensitive to suspended substances, and can identify parameters of suspended particles such as structure, form, motion and the like. The suspended particles can identify the type of suspended substances through light source irradiation. When the flow measuring device enters the water bottom, in order to avoid inaccurate measured data caused by disturbance of the device, light source irradiation is carried out after two minutes is set, when the light source is turned on, light emitted by the light source generates polarized light through the polarizer, the polarized light is converted into a sheet light source through the optical irradiator, suspended substances such as algae and the like in the irradiated water are provided with fluorescent marks, when the suspended substances with the fluorescent marks pass through the first optical sensing device, pictures shot by the photosensitive camera are sent to the data control center, the distance between the first optical sensing device and the second optical sensing device is 1m, when the suspended substances with the fluorescent marks pass through the second optical sensing device, the pictures shot by the photosensitive camera are sent to the data control center, the pictures shot by the first optical sensing device and the pictures shot by the second optical sensing device are compared for imaging, the data are measured through the water depth, and the time difference meter is used for measuring the time difference between the pictures shot by the first optical sensing device and the And calculating to obtain the real-time flow of the lake.
In order to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, the measuring device should use as high a power light source as possible, since the scattered and fluorescent signals of the individual particles are weak. The signal-to-noise ratio of the polarization signal is ensured by controlling the optical power, wavelength, pulse or continuous illumination of the high-power light source. By utilizing a camera imaging technology, the rapid and high-flux polarization-fluorescence imaging of the suspended matters in the water body can be realized.
However, since the fluorescent labeling substance is only a light-emitting blob when passing through the light sensing device, the resolution, pixels, etc. of the light sensing camera are not required, and a common camera may be selected, in this example, sony HDR-CX405 is used.
In the implementation process, since only the particles in the cross section illuminated by the light source can be detected to obtain the scattering signals, and finally the particles are shot by the photosensitive camera and received by the data control center, a limit needs to be made on the detection range so as to improve the measurement quality and reduce the interference on the image due to the overlapping of the particles.
Further, fig. 6 shows the measured flow-water level data of the lake 2020 from 10 months to 30 months from 9 months to 10 months. As can be seen from the data in the figure, the water depth increases and the flow velocity also increases.
Example 3:
the method for measuring the hydrodynamic influence of benthonic animals habitats in the lake through the water level fluctuation comprises the following steps:
step 1: the ship is driven to a lake, the solar panel is a motor, the monitoring device and the data acquisition and processing module supply power;
step 2: the staff closes the motor and the switch of the control room, the controller controls the motor and the wire wheel to work cooperatively, the heavy hammer is placed at the water bottom, and the water depth is measured;
step 3: starting a flow measuring device, putting an optical measuring device 33 into the water bottom through a grab bucket, enabling a light source in the optical measuring device 33 to generate polarized light after passing through a polarizer, converting the polarized light into a sheet light source after passing through an optical irradiator, irradiating a plurality of suspended particles in the cross section of liquid, shooting the sheet light source by using a photosensitive camera when passing through a first induction irradiation device, enabling a certain distance between a first light source induction device and a second light source induction device, shooting the sheet light source again by using the photosensitive camera when passing through a second induction irradiation device, transmitting the shot result to a data acquisition processing module in a control room, transmitting the processed data to a background computer by using a 5G technology, and detecting the flow;
step 4: the control room 20 in the middle records water depth and flow data, and the data acquisition device transmits the data to the data processing terminal through 5G signals and outputs the data to the background.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a measure device of water level fluctuation to leading to river lake benthonic animal habitat hydrodynamic force influence which characterized in that: the water depth measuring device comprises a ship body (1), wherein a power device for controlling the whole ship body to move is arranged on the ship body (1), and a water depth measuring device for measuring water depth is arranged on one side of the top of the ship body (1); a control room (20) is arranged in the middle of the ship body (1), and a data collecting and processing module (21) for collecting and feeding back data is arranged in the control room (20); and a flow measuring device is arranged on the top of the ship body (1) and positioned on the other side of the water depth measuring device.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitats in the lake through the river is characterized in that: the power device comprises a driving paddle wheel (3) arranged at the bottom of a ship body (1), the driving paddle wheel (3) is connected with a paddle power meter (2) for driving the driving paddle wheel to rotate, the driving paddle wheel (3) is connected with a rudder stock arranged on the ship body (1), the rudder stock penetrates through a rudder hole arranged on the ship body (1), and a rudder is arranged at the top end of the rudder stock and controls the moving direction of the ship body (1); the ship body (1) is provided with a GPS positioning device, the GPS positioning device adopts a universal recorder, and can intelligently transmit and position in real time, shoot videos and realize real-time watching.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitats in the lake through the river is characterized in that: the water depth measuring device comprises a supporting piece (14) fixed on the top of a ship body (1), a damping plate (15) is fixed on the top of the supporting piece (14), a protective shell (16) is fixed on the top of the damping plate (15), a heavy hammer line retracting and releasing mechanism is installed inside the protective shell (16), a heavy hammer line (9) is wound on the heavy hammer line retracting and releasing mechanism, the other end of the heavy hammer line (9) bypasses a wheel carrier mechanism, and the tail end of the heavy hammer line is connected with a heavy hammer (6); and a meter counter (13) for measuring the length of the weight wire (9) is arranged on the weight wire retracting and releasing mechanism.
4. The device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitats in a lake through river according to claim 3, wherein: the heavy hammer line retracting mechanism comprises an installation partition plate (10) fixed inside a protective shell (16), wherein a motor (17) is fixed at the top of the installation partition plate (10), driving discs (12) are installed on an output shaft of the motor (17), line wheels (11) are installed between the driving discs (12), and heavy hammer lines (9) are wound on the line wheels (11).
5. The device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitats in a lake through river according to claim 3, wherein: the wheel carrier mechanism is including fixing support bar (4) at hull (1) top, connect through connecting bolt (5) between support bar (4) and become the truss structure, install first pulley (7) and second pulley (8) through the bracing piece symmetry at the top of truss structure, first pulley (7) and second pulley (8) are walked around in proper order to weight line (9).
6. The device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitats in a lake through river according to claim 3, wherein: the upper end of the heavy hammer (6) is provided with a pressure sensor (40) through a lantern ring (39), the top of the heavy hammer (6) is provided with an electromagnetic valve (41), when the heavy hammer (6) reaches the water bottom, the pressure sensor (40) senses and touches the electromagnetic valve (41) and feeds back to the meter counter (13), and the meter counter (13) displays reading through an LED panel;
the meter counter (13) carries out data transmission through a data acquisition and processing module (21) of the wireless and control room (20), so that water depth detection data can be rapidly transmitted through 5G for real-time monitoring.
7. The device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitats in a lake through river according to claim 3, wherein: the weight (6) comprises a lead block (42) with a conical structure, and a brass layer (43) is arranged outside the lead block (42).
8. The device of claim 1, wherein the device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitats in the lake through the river is characterized in that: a monitoring rod (19) is fixedly installed at the top of the control room (20), a solar panel and a monitoring device (18) are installed at the top of the monitoring rod (19), the solar panel and the monitoring device (18) comprise a monitoring support (36), a high-definition camera (35) is fixedly installed on the monitoring support (36) through a monitoring support bolt (34), a solar panel support (38) is installed on the monitoring support (36), and a solar panel (37) is installed on the solar panel support (38); solar panel provides the electric energy for the power demand equipment, and high definition digtal camera (35) can 360 rotations to the condition of real time monitoring on-board device, monitoring data can be through 5G fast transmission.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the device for measuring hydrodynamic influence of water level fluctuation on benthonic animal habitats in the lake through the river is characterized in that: flow measuring device is including fixing reinforcement backing plate (22) at hull (1) top, the top parallel of reinforcement backing plate (22) is fixed with and adopts telescopic sleeve (26) first flexible post (23) and the flexible post (24) of second that link to each other in proper order respectively, horizontal expansion plate (25) are installed at the top of the flexible post (24) of first flexible post (23) and second, install telescopic joint (27) on horizontal expansion plate (25), concave rail (28) are installed to the other end of telescopic joint (27), it installs directive wheel (29) to rotate on concave rail (28), monitoring arm (31) are installed through buckle (30) in the bottom of directive wheel (29), grab bucket (32) are installed to the bottom of monitoring arm (31), install optical measurement device (33) on grab bucket (32).
10. A method for measuring hydrodynamic effects of fluctuations in water level on benthonic habitats of rivers and lakes by using the apparatus for measuring fluctuations in water level according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
step 1: the ship is driven to a lake, the solar panel is a motor, the monitoring device and the data acquisition and processing module supply power;
step 2: the staff closes the motor and the switch of the control room, the controller controls the motor and the wire wheel to work cooperatively, the heavy hammer is placed at the water bottom, and the water depth is measured;
step 3: starting a flow measuring device, putting an optical measuring device (33) into the water bottom through a grab bucket, enabling a light source in the optical measuring device (33) to generate polarized light after passing through a polarizer, converting the polarized light into a sheet light source after passing through an optical irradiator, irradiating a plurality of suspended particles in a liquid section, shooting the sheet light source by using a photosensitive camera when passing through a first induction irradiation device, enabling a certain distance between the first light source induction device and a second light source induction device, shooting the sheet light source again by using the photosensitive camera when passing through the second induction irradiation device, transmitting a shot result to a data acquisition processing module in a control room, transmitting the processed data to a background computer by using a 5G technology, and detecting the flow;
step 4: the middle control room (20) records water depth and flow data, the data acquisition device transmits the data to the data processing terminal through 5G signals, and the data are output to the background.
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