CN113074774B - Durability test method for fuel cell system of passenger car - Google Patents
Durability test method for fuel cell system of passenger car Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a endurance test method of a fuel cell system of a passenger car, which comprises the following steps: collecting initialization data of a fuel cell system; starting durable working conditions, including synchronous performance and mechanical durable working conditions; when the first time is reached, mechanical endurance detection is carried out, wherein the mechanical endurance detection comprises insulation detection and airtightness detection, if the insulation state and the airtightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the operation is continued, and if the insulation state and the airtightness state are different, the first time is the mechanical endurance time of the passenger car fuel cell system, so that the insulation state and the airtightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, and then the operation is continued under the endurance working condition; and when the operation is carried out for a second time, collecting a Q-I performance curve of the fuel cell, comparing the Q-I performance curve with the initial Q-I performance curve, judging whether the power attenuation of the rated point reaches a limit value, if not, continuing to operate the durable working condition, and if so, obtaining the second time as the performance durable time of the fuel cell system of the passenger car.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of endurance tests, in particular to a endurance test method of a fuel cell system of a passenger car, which is used for testing the performance endurance and the mechanical endurance of the fuel cell system.
Background
In order to greatly expand fuel cells and hydrogen fuel cells, fuel cell passenger cars have been the subject of their development in recent years. Aiming at the characteristics of the fuel cell passenger car, the carried fuel cell system is required to have the requirements of high integration level, high mechanical reliability and high durability so as to meet the use requirements of passenger car users. For fuel cell passenger cars, the durability test of the fuel cell system includes a performance durability test and a mechanical durability test. As for performance endurance tests, at present, a unified test method for the performance endurance of the fuel cell system is not available, and a specific and unified evaluation and assessment method is also not available for certain endurance test conditions. As for the mechanical endurance test, there is no test for mechanical endurance of the fuel cell system, and only a single mechanical endurance test is provided for parts (such as a fuel cell stack) in the fuel cell system, and the mechanical endurance test is also lacking to simulate the situation of the fuel cell system in practical use.
Patent number CN101231328A discloses a method for evaluating durability of fuel cell for city bus, repeating the "4+1" cycle condition test, when the power value corresponding to the lowest operating voltage of fuel cell stack is reduced to the limit value specified by whole vehicle factory, the service life of electric stack is terminated. The endurance test only provides endurance working conditions for fuel cell stacks of city buses. The durability of a common fuel cell passenger car is not considered, the durability of the whole fuel cell system is not considered, and in addition, only the durability of the performance is considered in the working condition, and the mechanical durability of the fuel cell system is not considered.
Patent number CN102736033B discloses a vehicle fuel cell stack and a module durability assessment working condition and an assessment method. The test is run alternately between suburban and urban conditions until the fuel cell stack decays to a prescribed value. The assessment method does not take into account performance durability of the entire fuel cell system (i.e., including the fuel cell stack, as well as other system accessories); in addition, the mechanical durability of the fuel cell system is not examined; there is also a single evaluation criterion for the endurance test.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a durability test method that can comprehensively evaluate the performance durability and mechanical durability of the fuel cell system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a endurance test method of a fuel cell system of a passenger car, which is used for comprehensively evaluating the performance endurance and the mechanical endurance of the fuel cell system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a endurance test method of a fuel cell system for a passenger car, the endurance test method comprising: collecting initialization data of a fuel cell system, wherein the initialization data comprise an initial insulation state, an initial airtight state and an initial Q-I power-current performance curve; starting a durable working condition, wherein the durable working condition comprises a performance durable working condition and a mechanical durable working condition which are synchronously carried out; when the durable working condition is operated to the first time, mechanical durable detection is carried out, wherein the mechanical durable detection comprises insulation detection and airtightness detection, if the insulation state and the airtightness state are detected to be the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the durable working condition is continuously operated, and if the insulation state or/and the airtightness state are detected to be different from the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the first time is the mechanical durable time of the passenger car fuel cell system, and the durable working condition is continuously operated after the insulation state and the airtightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state; and when the durable working condition is operated to the second time, collecting a Q-I power-current performance curve of the fuel cell system, comparing the Q-I power-current performance curve with the initial Q-I power-current performance curve, judging whether the rated point power attenuation reaches a limit value, if not, continuing to operate the durable working condition, and if so, taking the second time as the performance durable time of the fuel cell system of the passenger vehicle.
Further, the performance endurance working conditions comprise an urban congestion working condition, a highway working condition and an urban smooth passage working condition, and the mechanical endurance working conditions comprise an X-direction sub-vibration working condition, a Y-direction sub-vibration working condition and a Z-direction sub-vibration working condition.
Further, the performance endurance working condition circularly operates according to the sequence of the urban congestion working condition, the expressway working condition and the urban smooth passage working condition, the mechanical endurance working condition circularly operates according to the sequence of the X-direction sub-vibration working condition, the Y-direction sub-vibration working condition and the Z-direction sub-vibration working condition, the X-direction sub-vibration working condition, the Y-direction sub-vibration working condition and the Z-direction sub-vibration working condition are synchronously and sequentially operated during the urban congestion working condition operation, the X-direction sub-vibration working condition, the Y-direction sub-vibration working condition and the Z-direction sub-vibration working condition are synchronously and sequentially operated during the expressway working condition operation, and the X-direction sub-vibration working condition, the Y-direction sub-vibration working condition and the Z-direction sub-vibration working condition are synchronously and sequentially operated during the urban smooth passage working condition operation.
Further, the endurance test method further includes: and when the durable working condition is operated to the third time, starting and stopping the passenger car fuel cell system once.
Further, the initial insulating state includes an initial insulating state of key components of the fuel cell system, and the initial airtight state includes an initial airtight state of a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system.
Further, the endurance test method is performed by a fuel cell system test stand with three-way mechanical vibration.
Further, operating under urban congestion conditions for 60min, the fuel cell system power sequentially experiences 10%, 20%, 10%, 40%, 10%, 60%, 10%, 80%, 10%, 70%, 10%, 50%, 10%, 30% and 10% of rated power, synchronously, the X-direction sub-vibration conditions operate for 20min, the vibration frequencies sequentially experience 9Hz 2min, 15Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min, 167Hz 2min, 87Hz 2min, 160Hz 2min, 140Hz 2min, 100Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min and 60Hz 2min, then the Y-direction sub-vibration conditions operate for 20min, the vibration frequencies sequentially experience 120Hz 3min, 145Hz 2min, 190Hz 7min and 130Hz 6min, 26Hz 2min, and finally the Z-direction sub-vibration conditions operate for 20min, the vibration frequencies sequentially experience 26Hz 2.5min, 45Hz 2.5min, 79Hz 3.5min, 100Hz 2min, 130Hz 2.5min, 170Hz 2.5min and 190Hz 2.5min.
Further, the fuel cell system power was sequentially subjected to 60%, 100%, 33%, 10%, 120%, 10%, 110% and 10% of rated power during highway operation for 60min, and synchronously, the X-direction sub vibration operation was performed for 20min, the vibration frequency was sequentially subjected to 120Hz 2.5min, 145Hz 2.5min, 190Hz 6min, 130Hz 6.5min and 26Hz 2.5min, then the Y-direction sub vibration operation was performed for 20min, the vibration frequency was sequentially subjected to 15Hz 3.5min, 80Hz 2.5min, 167Hz 2min, 187Hz 2min, 160Hz 2min, 140Hz 2min, 100Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min and 60Hz 2min, and finally the Z-direction sub vibration operation was performed for 20min, and the vibration frequency was sequentially subjected to 26Hz 2.5min, 45Hz 2.5min, 79Hz 3.5min, 100Hz 2min, 130Hz 2.5min, 170Hz 2.5min and 190Hz 2.5min.
Further, the city is operated under open-path conditions for 60min, the fuel cell system power sequentially experiences 15%, 35%, 55%, 75%, 100%, 85%, 65%, 45%, 25% and 10% of rated power, and simultaneously, the X-direction sub-vibration conditions are operated for 20min, the vibration frequency sequentially experiences 26Hz 2.5min, 45Hz 2.5min, 79Hz 3.5min, 100Hz 2min, 130Hz 2min, 160Hz 2.5min, 170Hz 2.5min and 190Hz 2.5min, then the Y-direction sub-vibration conditions are operated for 20min, the vibration frequency sequentially experiences 26Hz 1min, 15Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min, 167Hz 3min, 87Hz 2min, 160Hz 2min, 140Hz 2min, 100Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min and 60Hz 2min, and finally the Z-direction sub-vibration conditions are operated for 20min, and the vibration frequency sequentially experiences 120Hz 2.5min, 145Hz 2.5min, 190Hz 6min, 1306.5 min and 26Hz 2.5min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1) The invention couples the performance durability and the mechanical durability of the fuel cell system into a durability test aiming at the application scene of the fuel cell passenger car, and tests the performance durability and the mechanical durability of the fuel cell system through one test, thereby avoiding separate tests, namely reducing the number of the durability tests of the fuel cell system, shortening the test period of the fuel cell system and saving the time and the economic cost generated by the test; 2) In the technical aspect, an important reference is provided for comprehensively judging the service life and reliability of the fuel cell parts and the whole fuel cell system; 3) The performance durable working point and the mechanical durable working point related in the invention have wide coverage and strong representativeness, so that the data obtained by adopting the test of the invention has stronger reliability; 4) The test working condition of the invention considers the actual use scene of the passenger car and can guide the whole car development of the fuel cell passenger car.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a endurance test method of a fuel cell system of a passenger car.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of endurance test conditions of a passenger car fuel cell system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of the operating condition I of a passenger vehicle fuel cell system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of operating condition II of a passenger vehicle fuel cell system.
Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of operating condition III of a passenger vehicle fuel cell system.
Fig. 6 shows the relationship between the output power of the fuel cell system and the current density of the stack.
Detailed Description
"Range" is disclosed herein in the form of lower and upper limits. There may be one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits, respectively. The given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit. The selected lower and upper limits define the boundaries of the particular ranges. All ranges that can be defined in this way are inclusive and combinable, i.e., any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, ranges of 60-120 and 80-110 are listed for specific parameters, with the understanding that ranges of 60-110 and 80-120 are also contemplated. Furthermore, if the minimum range values 1 and 2 are listed, and if the maximum range values 3,4 and 5 are listed, the following ranges are all contemplated: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5. In the present invention, all the embodiments mentioned herein and the preferred embodiments may be combined with each other to form new technical solutions, if not specifically described.
In the present invention, all technical features mentioned herein and preferred features may be combined with each other to form new technical solutions, if not specifically stated.
In the present invention, all the steps mentioned herein may be performed sequentially or randomly, but are preferably performed sequentially, unless otherwise specified.
The invention provides a endurance test method of a fuel cell system of a passenger car, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring initialization data of a fuel cell system, wherein the initialization data comprise an initial insulation state, an initial airtight state and an initial Q-I power-current performance curve; the Q-I power-current performance curve is a relation diagram of output power of the fuel cell system and current density of a pile, wherein the initial insulation state comprises an initial insulation state of key parts of the fuel cell system, and the initial airtight state comprises an initial airtight state of a fuel cell pile of the fuel cell system;
s2, starting a durable working condition, wherein the durable working condition is carried out by a fuel cell system test bed with three-way mechanical vibration, and the durable working condition comprises a performance durable working condition and a mechanical durable working condition which are synchronously carried out;
s3, when the durable working condition is operated to the third time, starting and stopping the passenger car fuel cell system once; the third time can be set according to the requirement, such as 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h or 8h, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, and is set to be 6h; optionally, visual inspection of the fuel cell system is performed at each shutdown: when the defects of cracks, distortion and the like occur in the fuel cell module shell and the mounting and fixing piece for mounting the fuel cell module, judging the operation time to be the mechanical endurance time of the fuel cell system of the passenger car, and maintaining the mechanical endurance time to enable the defects to continue to operate under the endurance working condition after the defects are eliminated; when the fuel cell module shell and the mounting and fixing piece for mounting the fuel cell module package are normal, continuing to operate the durable working condition;
s4, when the durable working condition is operated to the first time, mechanical durable detection is carried out, wherein the mechanical durable detection comprises insulation detection and airtightness detection, if the insulation state and the airtightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the durable working condition is continuously operated, and if the insulation state or/and the airtightness state are different from the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the first time is the mechanical durable time of the passenger car fuel cell system, and the durable working condition is continuously operated after the insulation state and the airtightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state; the first time can be set according to the requirement, such as 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h or 72h, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, 48h;
and S5, when the durable working condition is operated to the second time, acquiring a Q-I power-current performance curve of the fuel cell system, comparing the Q-I power-current performance curve with the initial Q-I power-current performance curve, judging whether the rated point power attenuation reaches a limit value, if not, continuing to operate the durable working condition, and if so, taking the second time as the performance durable time of the fuel cell system of the passenger vehicle. The second time may be set as desired, such as 84h, 90h, 96h, 102h or 108h, preferably 96h as shown in fig. 1. The limitation may also be defined as desired, such as 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% or 30%, preferably 20%. Optionally, the fuel cell system is operated to collect the Q-I power-current performance curve of the fuel cell, detect the state of the components of the fuel cell system and perform insulation detection and tightness detection, the state of the components of the fuel cell system is generally visual detection, detect whether the components of the fuel cell system are damaged or deformed, if the detected insulation state and tightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial tightness state and the components of the fuel cell system are intact, continue to operate under the durable condition, and if the detected insulation state and/or tightness state are different from the initial insulation state and the initial tightness state and the components of the fuel cell system are damaged or deformed, the first time is the mechanical durable time of the passenger car fuel cell system, and the insulation state and the tightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial tightness state and then continue to operate under the durable condition;
as shown in fig. 2, aiming at the actual usage scene of the passenger car, the performance endurance working conditions include urban congestion working conditions (working condition I), expressway working conditions (working condition II) and urban smooth passage working conditions (working condition III), most of which are that urban congestion road sections are experienced first, expressways are entered for short, and finally, the passenger car returns to the urban smooth road sections after going down the expressways. The performance endurance working conditions are operated circularly according to the sequence of the urban congestion working condition, the expressway working condition and the urban smooth passage working condition, and the performance of the fuel cell system is subjected to endurance assessment under three performance endurance sub-working conditions.
The mechanical durability vibrates the fuel cell system along different frequencies of X direction, Y direction and Z direction, the mechanical durability working condition comprises X, Y, Z vibration in three directions, namely X direction sub vibration working condition, Y direction sub vibration working condition and Z direction sub vibration working condition, and the mechanical durability working condition circularly operates according to the sequence of the X direction sub vibration working condition, the Y direction sub vibration working condition and the Z direction sub vibration working condition, and each performance durability sub working condition comprises synchronous X direction sub vibration working condition, Y direction sub vibration working condition and Z direction sub vibration working condition. The vibration frequency considers the working state of the passenger car under different road conditions, and different vibration frequencies are operated in the three directions of X, Y, Z, so that the mechanical endurance working conditions comprise three types of sub-vibration working conditions with different vibration frequencies, namely, one type: as the working condition time increases, the vibration frequency increases and decreases with small step length; and (2) a second class: as the working condition time increases, the vibration frequency increases and decreases with a large step length; three classes: as the operating time increases, the vibration frequency continues to increase in uniform steps. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the X-direction sub-vibration condition (one type of sub-vibration condition), the Y-direction sub-vibration condition (two types of sub-vibration condition) and the Z-direction sub-vibration condition (three types of sub-vibration condition) are synchronously operated sequentially during the urban congestion condition operation, the X-direction sub-vibration condition (two types of sub-vibration condition), the Y-direction sub-vibration condition (one type of sub-vibration condition) and the Z-direction sub-vibration condition (three types of sub-vibration condition) are synchronously operated sequentially during the highway condition operation, and the X-direction sub-vibration condition (three types of sub-vibration condition), the Y-direction sub-vibration condition (one type of sub-vibration condition) and the Z-direction sub-vibration condition (two types of sub-vibration condition) are synchronously operated sequentially during the urban clear road condition operation.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the duration of each endurance condition test is 180min, the city congestion condition is 60min, the highway condition is 60min, and the city clear road condition is 60min. The fuel cell system is operated for 20min X direction sub vibration working condition, 20min Y direction sub vibration working condition and 20min Z direction sub vibration working condition under each performance durable sub working condition, and a round of durable working condition is shown in fig. 2, and the durable working condition is circularly operated.
Specifically, fig. 3 illustrates urban congestion conditions where the idle power of the fuel cell system is 10% of rated power, the maximum power is 80% of rated power, and the power of the fuel cell system is sequentially 10%, 20%, 10%, 40%, 10%, 60%, 10%, 80%, 10%, 70%, 10%, 50%, 10%, 30% and 10% of rated power, and the operating time of each operating point is 2.1min, and the pulling load between each operating point is also 2.1min. Synchronously, with continued reference to fig. 3, one, two and three sub-vibration modes are respectively performed in the direction X, Y, Z. The X-direction sub-vibration working condition is operated for 20min, the vibration frequencies of one type of sub-vibration working condition are sequentially subjected to 9Hz 2min, 15Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min, 167Hz 2min, 87Hz 2min, 160Hz 2min, 140Hz 2min, 100Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min and 60Hz 2min in small step size, then the Y-direction sub-vibration working condition is operated for 20min, the vibration frequencies of the two types of sub-vibration working condition are sequentially subjected to 120Hz 3min, 145Hz 2min, 190Hz 7min, 130Hz 6min and 26Hz 2min in large step size, and finally the Z-direction sub-vibration working condition is operated for 20min, the vibration frequencies of the three types of sub-vibration working conditions are continuously increased in a certain step size, and the vibration frequencies are sequentially subjected to 26Hz 2.5min, 45Hz 2.5min, 793.5 min, 100Hz 2min, 1302 min, 160Hz 2.5min, 170Hz 2.5min and 1902.5 min in.
Fig. 4 shows a highway condition, which is characterized by long-term operation at rated power, where the fuel cell system reaches up to 120% of rated power, and the performance durability condition is operated at a 60% rated power operating point for 5.2min, then pulled to 21.7min, then pulled to 33% rated power operating point for 2.2min, then pulled to 10% rated power operating point, idling for 2.2min, then pulled to 120% of rated power for 2.2min, then pulled to 10% of rated power for 2.2min, then pulled to 110% of rated power for 2.2min, and finally pulled to 10% rated power idling operating point.
Synchronously, with continued reference to fig. 4, the second, first and third sub-vibration conditions are performed in the direction X, Y, Z. The X-direction sub vibration working condition is operated for 20min, the vibration frequencies of the two-class sub vibration working condition are sequentially subjected to 120Hz 2.5min, 145Hz 2.5min, 190Hz 6min, 130Hz 6.5min and 26Hz 2.5min in a large step length, then the Y-direction sub vibration working condition is operated for 20min, the vibration frequencies of the one-class sub vibration working condition are sequentially subjected to 15Hz 3.5min, 80Hz 2.5min, 167Hz 2min, 87Hz 2min, 160Hz 2min, 140Hz 2min, 100Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min and 60Hz 2min in a small step length, and finally the vibration frequencies of the three-class sub vibration working condition are sequentially subjected to 26Hz 2.5min, 45Hz 2.5min, 79Hz 3.5min, 100Hz 2min, 170Hz 2.5min, 170Hz 2.1905 min and X2.5 min in a certain step length.
FIG. 5 illustrates city clear path conditions featuring a gradual increase from idle power to rated power and then a gradual decrease to idle power, during which continuous pull-load and load shedding are employed. 15%, 35%, 55%, 75%, 100%, 85%, 65%, 45%, 25% and 10% of rated power are sequentially experienced in the performance durability operating conditions, each of the other performance operating conditions lasts 2.5min except for the 100% rated power point which lasts 7.5min, and the pull-load time between every two adjacent operating conditions is determined to be 2.5min. Synchronously, with continued reference to fig. 4, three types, one type, and two types of sub-vibration conditions are performed in the direction X, Y, Z, respectively. The X-direction sub-vibration regime is run for 20min, the vibration frequency sequentially goes through 26Hz 2.5min, 45Hz 2.5min, 79Hz 3.5min, 100Hz 2min, 130Hz 2min, 160Hz 2.5min, 170Hz 2.5min and 190Hz 2.5min, then the Y-direction sub-vibration regime is run for 20min, the vibration frequency sequentially goes through 26Hz 1min, 15Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min, 167Hz 3min, 187Hz 2min, 160Hz 2min, 140Hz 2min, 100Hz 2min, 80Hz 2min and 60Hz 2min, and finally the Z-direction sub-vibration regime is run for 20min, and the vibration frequency sequentially goes through 120Hz 2.5min, 145Hz 2.5min, 190Hz 6min, 130Hz 6.5min and 26Hz 2.5min.
Taking the operation of the durable working condition of 960h as an example, mechanical durable detection is carried out once every 48h accumulated in the durable working condition of 960h, so that the state of the fuel cell system is timely observed, the total mechanical durable detection is carried out for 20 times in 960h, and if the mechanical durable detection is identical to the initialization data for 20 times, the fuel cell system is allowed to continue to carry out durable tests to judge the final mechanical durable of the fuel cell system. Every 6 hours, the machine is started and stopped once, and the machine is stopped for 4 times every day. Performing physical examination on the fuel cell system every 96 hours accumulated in the durable working condition, wherein physical examination items comprise visual examination of the states of parts of the fuel cell system, and observing whether the parts of the system are damaged in the mechanical vibration process; in addition, it is desirable to operate the fuel cell system simultaneously to collect the Q-I power-current performance curves of the fuel cell system. As shown in fig. 6, which shows the relationship between the output power and the current density of the stack of the fuel cell system of this embodiment, the initial Q-I power-current performance curve and the Q-I power-current performance curve after 960 hours of operation are compared, and it can be seen that the performance of the fuel cell system in this embodiment is degraded after 960 hours of operation, i.e., the system output power at each current density is lower than the initial state of the fuel cell system. When the rated point of the fuel cell system is set as the working condition point that the current density point is 1200mA/cm < 2 >, the output power of the fuel cell system is reduced by about 10% after 960 hours, if the power reduction defined by the user of the fuel cell system is 20%, the power reduction defined by the user of the fuel cell system is lower than the power reduction defined by the user of the system, and the fuel cell system can be judged to be used continuously. If the power drop defined by the fuel cell system user is 10%, 960h is taken as a reference value of the service life of the fuel cell system, namely the service life of the fuel cell system under the endurance test working condition based on the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a endurance test method of a fuel cell system of a passenger car, which comprises the following steps: collecting initialization data of a fuel cell system, wherein the initialization data comprise an initial insulation state, an initial airtight state and an initial Q-I power-current performance curve; starting a durable working condition, wherein the durable working condition comprises a performance durable working condition and a mechanical durable working condition which are synchronously carried out; when the durable working condition is operated to the first time, mechanical durable detection is carried out, wherein the mechanical durable detection comprises insulation detection and airtightness detection, if the insulation state and the airtightness state are detected to be the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the durable working condition is continuously operated, and if the insulation state or/and the airtightness state are detected to be different from the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the first time is the mechanical durable time of the passenger car fuel cell system, and the durable working condition is continuously operated after the insulation state and the airtightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state; and when the durable working condition is operated to the second time, collecting a Q-I power-current performance curve of the fuel cell system, comparing the Q-I power-current performance curve with the initial Q-I power-current performance curve, judging whether the rated point power attenuation reaches a limit value, if not, continuing to operate the durable working condition, and if so, taking the second time as the performance durable time of the fuel cell system of the passenger vehicle. The invention may provide benefits in several ways: 1) The invention couples the performance durability and the mechanical durability of the fuel cell system into a durability test aiming at the application scene of the fuel cell passenger car, and tests the performance durability and the mechanical durability of the fuel cell system through one test, thereby avoiding separate tests, namely reducing the number of the durability tests of the fuel cell system, shortening the test period of the fuel cell system and saving the time and the economic cost generated by the test; 2) In the technical aspect, an important reference is provided for comprehensively judging the service life and reliability of the fuel cell parts and the whole fuel cell system; 3) The performance durable working point and the mechanical durable working point related in the invention have wide coverage and strong representativeness, so that the data obtained by adopting the test of the invention has stronger reliability; 4) The test working condition of the invention considers the actual use scene of the passenger car and can guide the whole car development of the fuel cell passenger car.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, which follow, as defined in the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A durability test method of a fuel cell system for a passenger vehicle, the durability test method comprising:
collecting initialization data of a fuel cell system, wherein the initialization data comprise an initial insulation state, an initial airtight state and an initial Q-I power-current performance curve;
starting a durable working condition, wherein the durable working condition comprises a performance durable working condition and a mechanical durable working condition which are synchronously carried out;
when the durable working condition is operated to the first time, mechanical durable detection is carried out, wherein the mechanical durable detection comprises insulation detection and airtightness detection, if the insulation state and the airtightness state are detected to be the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the durable working condition is continuously operated, and if the insulation state or/and the airtightness state are detected to be different from the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state, the first time is the mechanical durable time of the passenger car fuel cell system, and the durable working condition is continuously operated after the insulation state and the airtightness state are the same as the initial insulation state and the initial airtightness state; and
and when the durable working condition is operated to the second time, acquiring a Q-I power-current performance curve of the fuel cell system, comparing the Q-I power-current performance curve with the initial Q-I power-current performance curve, judging whether the power attenuation of the rated point reaches a limit value, if not, continuing to operate the durable working condition, and if so, obtaining the second time as the performance durable time of the fuel cell system of the passenger vehicle.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the performance endurance conditions include city congestion conditions, highway conditions, and city clear path conditions, and the mechanical endurance conditions include X-direction sub-vibration conditions, Y-direction sub-vibration conditions, and Z-direction sub-vibration conditions.
3. The endurance test method of the passenger car fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the performance endurance condition is cyclically operated in order of an urban congestion condition, a highway condition, and an urban clear path condition, the mechanical endurance condition is cyclically operated in order of an X-direction sub-vibration condition, a Y-direction sub-vibration condition, and a Z-direction sub-vibration condition, the X-direction sub-vibration condition, the Y-direction sub-vibration condition, and the Z-direction sub-vibration condition are synchronously sequentially operated during the urban congestion condition, the X-direction sub-vibration condition, the Y-direction sub-vibration condition, and the Z-direction sub-vibration condition are synchronously sequentially operated during the highway condition, and the X-direction sub-vibration condition, the Y-direction sub-vibration condition, and the Z-direction sub-vibration condition are synchronously sequentially operated during the urban clear path condition.
4. The endurance test method of a passenger car fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the endurance test method further comprises:
and when the durable working condition is operated to the third time, starting and stopping the passenger car fuel cell system once.
5. The endurance test method of a passenger car fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the initial insulating state includes an initial insulating state of key parts of the fuel cell system, and the initial airtight state includes an initial airtight state of a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system.
6. The endurance test method of a fuel cell system for a passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the endurance test method is performed by a fuel cell system test stand with three-way mechanical vibration.
7. A durability test method for a passenger car fuel cell system according to claim 3 wherein the fuel cell system is operated under urban congestion conditions for 60 minutes, the fuel cell system power is sequentially subjected to 10%, 20%, 10%, 40%, 10%, 60%, 10%, 80%, 10%, 70%, 10%, 50%, 10%, 30% and 10% of rated power, the X-direction sub-vibration conditions are synchronously operated for 20 minutes, the vibration frequencies are sequentially subjected to 9hz 2 minutes, 15hz 2 minutes, 80Hz 2 minutes, 167Hz 2 minutes, 187hz 2 minutes, 160Hz 2 minutes, 140Hz 2 minutes, 100Hz 2 minutes, 80Hz 2 minutes and 60Hz 2 minutes, then the Y-direction sub-vibration conditions are operated for 20 minutes, the vibration frequencies are sequentially subjected to 120hz 3 minutes, 145Hz 2 minutes, 1907 hz 6 minutes and 26Hz 2 minutes, and finally the Z-direction sub-vibration conditions are sequentially subjected to 26Hz 2.5 minutes, 45Hz 2.5 minutes, 79Hz 3.5 minutes, 100Hz 2 minutes, 130Hz 2.5 minutes, 160Hz 2.1702.170hz and 2 hz 2.170hz.
8. A durability test method for a passenger car fuel cell system according to claim 3 wherein the operation is performed under highway conditions for 60 minutes, the fuel cell system power is sequentially subjected to 60%, 100%, 33%, 10%, 120%, 10%, 110% and 10% of rated power, the X-direction sub-vibration operation is synchronized for 20 minutes, the vibration frequency is sequentially subjected to 120hz 2.5min, 145hz 2.5min, 190hz 6min, 130hz 6.5min and 26hz 2.5min, then the Y-direction sub-vibration operation is performed for 20 minutes, the vibration frequency is sequentially subjected to 15hz 3.5min, 80hz 2.5min, 167Hz 2min, 187hz 2min, 160hz 2min, 140hz 2min, 100hz 2min, 80hz 2min and 60hz 2min, and finally the Z-direction sub-vibration operation is performed for 20 minutes, and the vibration frequency is sequentially subjected to 262.5 min, 45hz 2.5min, 79Hz 3.5min, 130hz 2.5min, 160hz 2.5min and 160hz 2.1705 min.
9. A durability test method for a passenger car fuel cell system according to claim 3 wherein the city is operated in clear path for 60 minutes, the fuel cell system power is sequentially subjected to 15%, 35%, 55%, 75%, 100%, 85%, 65%, 45%, 25% and 10% of rated power, the X-direction sub-vibration is synchronously operated for 20 minutes, the vibration frequency is sequentially subjected to 26Hz 2.5 minutes, 45Hz 2.5 minutes, 79Hz 3.5 minutes, 100Hz 2 minutes, 1302 minutes, 160Hz 2.5 minutes, 170Hz 2.5 minutes and 2.5 minutes, then the Y-direction sub-vibration is operated for 20 minutes, the vibration frequency is sequentially subjected to 26Hz 1 minutes, 15hz 2 minutes, 80Hz 2 minutes, 167Hz 3 minutes, 187hz 2 minutes, 160Hz 2 minutes, 140Hz 2 minutes, 100Hz 2 minutes, 80Hz 2 minutes and 60Hz 2 minutes, and finally the Z-direction sub-vibration is sequentially operated for 20 minutes, the vibration frequency is sequentially subjected to 1202.5 minutes, 145Hz 2.5 minutes, 190hz 2.190 minutes, 1306 hz 2.190 minutes.
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