CN113072875A - 一种水性封闭底涂料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种水性封闭底涂料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN113072875A
CN113072875A CN202110375556.9A CN202110375556A CN113072875A CN 113072875 A CN113072875 A CN 113072875A CN 202110375556 A CN202110375556 A CN 202110375556A CN 113072875 A CN113072875 A CN 113072875A
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谭伯权
杨三全
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Hubei Jinnuoyu New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种水性封闭底涂料及其制备方法和应用，所述底涂料按重量份数计算包括聚醚砜乳液20‑30份、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液20‑30份、聚四氟乙烯微粉8‑18份、去离子水20‑30份、有机硅烷偶联剂1‑5份、异丙醇1‑5份、填料10‑20份，制备方法包括，按照比例将聚醚砜乳液、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液和聚四氟乙烯微粉混合均匀后用球磨机球磨36‑72h，得到第一混合浆料；将第一混合浆料冷却至室温后，按照比例将填料、有机硅烷偶联剂、异丙醇和水加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌20‑30min，得到水性封闭底涂料。本发明制备得到的水性封闭底涂料能够在未干时与不沾涂层结合，一起烘干，缩短工艺时间，精简步骤，具有良好的应用前景。

Description

一种水性封闭底涂料及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及不沾涂料技术领域，尤其涉及一种水性封闭底涂料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前市场上的铁基不粘锅主要包括三种处理方式：第一种方式采用喷砂处理后直接喷涂不沾涂料，该方法产生的不沾涂层的结构稳定性较差，极易被腐蚀，影响使用寿命；第二种方式采用喷砂处理后在坯体表面进行磷化处理，然后再喷涂不沾涂料，虽然提高了耐腐蚀性能，但是磷化层不耐高温，在长期使用过程中，磷化层与坯体之间结合力下降，从而容易产生脱落；第三种方式则是在坯体的表面先喷涂油性封闭底，在底涂层固化后再喷涂一层不沾涂料，该方式不仅可以起到良好的防腐蚀效果而且耐高温，可以长期使用，但是油性底涂需要在烘干硬化处理后才能再喷涂一层不沾涂层，延长了生产周期，同时油性底涂层容易挥发出有害的气体，影响身体健康。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提出了一种可以在未固化的情况下直接喷涂不沾涂层，同时更加环保的水性封闭底涂料及其制备方法和应用。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：本发明提供了一种水性封闭底涂料，按照质量份数计算，包括如下组分：
Figure BDA0003011003840000011
Figure BDA0003011003840000021
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，所述聚醚砜乳液为质量分数为25％的聚醚砜水悬浊液，所述聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液的质量浓度为25％。
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，还包括含锌防腐颜料10-20份、防闪锈助剂1-2份、流平剂0.5-1份。
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，所述填料包括铝粉。
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，所述填料包括铝粉和氧化锌晶须，其中氧化锌晶须用量为1-5份。
为了改善底涂料的流平性能以及在湿态下的结构稳定性，防止涂刷或者喷涂不均匀，避免在湿态下与不沾涂层之间发生混合，和表面张力导致的团聚，影响不沾涂层的均匀以及底涂的密封性，采用氧化锌晶须结构对底涂进行结构加强，同时利用晶须之间形成的网格结构和浸润性，有效避免底涂料与锅底表面因张力作用而出现局部团聚和凹凸不平，从而能够在底涂料为湿态时，保持喷涂的不沾层与底涂层分布相对均匀
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，所述氧化锌晶须为立方四针状氧化锌晶须。
优选的，采用立方四针状氧化锌晶须，相比常规针状晶须而言，具有更加立体的网状结构，结构稳定性更强，在流平后不易发生微观结构的改变，从而改善表面的平整度，同时也能够提高底涂层的结构强度，立方四针状氧化锌晶须的加入还可以提高底涂层的耐高温性能，且其就有一定的有机物分解能力，可以改善降低VOC的排放，更加环保。
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，所述填料还包括氧化铝晶须，其中氧化铝晶须用量为1-5份。
为了提高加热的均匀性，本申请中还加入了氧化铝晶须，氧化铝晶须的导热性能好，可以增强底涂层的导热性能，避免局部加热后导致的底涂容易与锅体分离影响不沾涂层寿命的问题。
更进一步优选的，所述氧化铝晶须的长径比为30-70。
更进一步的，采用长径比为30-70的氧化铝晶须最优，猜测可能是因为该长径比的氧化铝晶须可以尽可能将热量沿着晶须的长度方向传递同时损失较小。
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，所述氧化铝晶须经过改性处理，改性处理的方法包括：将纳米氧化铁分散于乙醇溶液中，超声搅拌下，加入氧化铝晶须，辅助超声处理，处理完毕过滤，经干燥后将负载有纳米氧化铁的氧化铝晶须在稳定磁场下进行磁化处理，经过磁化处理后得到改性氧化铝晶须。
由于晶须的加入量较大，虽然提高了机械性能，因此底涂料的流动性能相对较差，且不易流平，为了改善该问题，本申请中对氧化铝晶须进行改性处理，在其表面附着纳米氧化铁，利用氧化铁的顺磁性，再经过磁化处理后，氧化铝晶须具有一定的顺磁性，其在磁场下可以均匀排布，从而可以实现通过外部磁力驱动底涂料流平，且进一步提高了机械性能，而有序排布的氧化铁晶须也能够使受热更加均匀。
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，按质量分数计算，氧化铝晶须：乙醇：纳米氧化铁的用量比为1：(4-5)：(1-2)。
在以上技术方案的基础上，优选的，所述纳米氧化铁的粒径为1-50nm。
本发明还提供一种水性封闭底涂料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、按照比例将聚醚砜乳液、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液和聚四氟乙烯微粉混合均匀后用球磨机球磨36-72h，得到第一混合浆料；
步骤二、将第一混合浆料冷却至室温后，按照比例将填料、有机硅烷偶联剂、异丙醇和水加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌20-30min，得到水性封闭底涂料。
在以上技术方案的基础上，还可以包括步骤三，向步骤二所得水性封闭底涂料中加入防闪锈助剂和流平剂，搅拌10-25min，得到水性封闭底漆。
本发明的水性封闭底涂料可以应用在铁基锅体的不沾处理中，应用时，将水性封闭底涂料涂刷至铁基锅体的表面，同时在铁基锅体所处环境内附加固定磁场。
本发明的水性封闭底涂料相对于现有技术具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明的水性封闭底涂料能够实现在底涂料未干的情况下进行不沾层的喷涂，缩短生产周期，简化生产工艺，同时本发明提供的水性封闭底涂料具有良好的耐腐蚀性能和较低的VOC排放；
(2)本发明的水性封闭底涂料中还加入有氧化锌晶须，用于克服在底涂料未干时喷涂不沾涂层导致的两层界面出现不规整的问题，氧化锌能够提高底涂料在湿态下的结构稳定性和强度，更容易保持底涂层良好的平整度，从而保证底涂层的厚度均匀；
(3)更进一步的，为了避免晶须加入导致的流平效果差问题，一方面本申请中加入了流平剂，另一方面，本申请中还加入了改性的氧化铝晶须，使其能够在磁场辅助下快速流平，同时进一步提高了底涂层的结构强度和导热性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施方式，对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式仅仅是本发明一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
按重量份数分别称取25wt％的聚醚砜乳液20份、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液20份和聚四氟乙烯微粉8份，混合均匀后加入到球磨机内球磨处理36h，得到第一混合浆料。
待第一混合浆料降温至25℃，再分别称取1份有机硅烷偶联剂KH-570、去离子水20份、异丙醇1份和铝粉10份加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌20min，得到水性封闭底涂料。
实施例2
按重量份数分别称取25wt％的聚醚砜乳液22份、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液22份和聚四氟乙烯微粉10份，混合均匀后加入到球磨机内球磨处理48h，得到第一混合浆料。
待第一混合浆料降温至25℃，再分别称取2份有机硅烷偶联剂KH-560、去离子水22份、异丙醇2份、铝粉10份、1份氧化锌晶须加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌22min，得到水性封闭底涂料。
实施例3
按重量份数分别称取25wt％的聚醚砜乳液24份、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液24份和聚四氟乙烯微粉12份，混合均匀后加入到球磨机内球磨处理60h，得到第一混合浆料。
待第一混合浆料降温至25℃，再分别称取3份有机硅烷偶联剂KH-560、去离子水24份、异丙醇3份、铝粉12份、2份立方四针状氧化锌晶须加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌24min，得到水性封闭底涂料。
实施例4
按重量份数分别称取25wt％的聚醚砜乳液26份、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液26份和聚四氟乙烯微粉14份，混合均匀后加入到球磨机内球磨处理72h，得到第一混合浆料。
待第一混合浆料降温至25℃，再分别称取4份有机硅烷偶联剂KH-570、去离子水26份、异丙醇4份、铝粉12份、3份立方四针状氧化锌晶须和1份长径比为30的氧化铝晶须加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌26min，得到水性封闭底涂料。
实施例5
分别称取氧化铝晶须1份、乙醇4份和纳米氧化铁1份，将纳米氧化铁分散于乙醇中，超声搅拌10min后，加入氧化铝晶须，在超声搅拌10min，过滤后干燥，将干燥后的负载有氧化铁的氧化铝晶须在稳定的磁场下进行磁化处理，得到改性氧化铝晶须。
按重量份数分别称取25wt％的聚醚砜乳液28份、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液28份和聚四氟乙烯微粉16份，混合均匀后加入到球磨机内球磨处理50h，得到第一混合浆料。
待第一混合浆料降温至25℃，再分别称取5份有机硅烷偶联剂KH-570、去离子水28份、异丙醇5份、铝粉14份、4份立方四针状氧化锌晶须和2份长径比为50的改性氧化铝晶须加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌26min，得到水性封闭底涂料。
实施例6
分别称取氧化铝晶须1份、乙醇5份和纳米氧化铁2份，将纳米氧化铁分散于乙醇中，超声搅拌20min后，加入氧化铝晶须，在超声搅拌20min，过滤后干燥，将干燥后的负载有氧化铁的氧化铝晶须在稳定的磁场下进行磁化处理，得到改性氧化铝晶须。
按重量份数分别称取25wt％的聚醚砜乳液30份、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液30份和聚四氟乙烯微粉18份，混合均匀后加入到球磨机内球磨处理60h，得到第一混合浆料。
待第一混合浆料降温至25℃，再分别称取5份有机硅烷偶联剂KH-570、去离子水30份、异丙醇5份、铝粉10份、5份立方四针状氧化锌晶须和5份长径比为70的改性氧化铝晶须加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌30min，得到水性封闭底涂料。
对实施例1到实施例4所得水性封闭底涂料分别喷涂在铁基锅体的内表面，喷涂完毕后再喷涂聚四氟乙烯的水悬浊液，然后干燥，干燥完毕采用超声波壁厚测量仪进行双层厚度的测量。
对实施例5、实施例6所得水性封闭底涂料分别喷涂在铁基锅体的内表面，并在喷涂后施加一个与锅体表面平行的固定磁场，然后再喷涂聚四氟乙烯的水悬浊液，然后干燥，干燥完毕采用超声波壁厚测量仪进行双层厚度的测量。
记算双层壁厚最厚与最薄处的差值，差值越小则涂层越均匀，结果如下：
Figure BDA0003011003840000081
不难看出，采用本发明的水性封闭底涂料能够实现在底涂层未干的情况下继续进行不沾涂层的喷涂，且喷涂后的涂层相对稳定，不易出现团聚等情况，而在加入了优选的立方四针状氧化锌晶须后，底涂层的稳定性和平整度更好。
进一步，分别对喷涂有实施例1-7制备得到的不沾涂层的铁锅进行挥发性气体测试，以某市售铁质不粘锅进作为对比例，分别进行干烧处理，将锅体加热至200℃，检测其VOC排放，结果如下：
Figure BDA0003011003840000082
进一步，对喷涂有实施例1-7制备的不沾涂层的铁锅进行导热性能测试，以及某市售铁质不粘锅中心位置进行加热，在距离加热位置10cm处锅体内侧进行测温，检测达到100℃的时间，具体结果如下：
Figure BDA0003011003840000083
最后，分别对喷涂有实施例1-7制备的不沾涂层的铁锅进行耐腐蚀性能检测，在80℃，5％的盐水中浸泡48h，观察是否出现锈斑，最后实施例1-7所得铁锅均无锈斑。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施方式而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种水性封闭底涂料，其特征在于，所述水性封闭底涂料按质量份数计算包括如下组分：
Figure FDA0003011003830000011
2.如权利要求1所述的水性封闭底涂料，其特征在于，所述填料包括铝粉和氧化锌晶须，其中氧化锌晶须用量为1-5份。
3.如权利要求2所述的水性封闭底涂料，其特征在于，所述氧化锌晶须为立方四针状氧化锌晶须。
4.如权利要求2所述的水性封闭底涂料，其特征在于，所述填料还包括氧化铝晶须，其中氧化铝晶须用量为1-5份。
5.如权利要求4所述的水性封闭底涂料，其特征在于，所述氧化铝晶须的长径比为30-70。
6.如权利要求4所述的水性封闭底涂料，其特征在于，所述氧化铝晶须经过改性处理，改性处理的方法包括：将纳米氧化铁分散于乙醇溶液中，超声搅拌下，加入氧化铝晶须，辅助超声处理，处理完毕过滤，经干燥后将负载有纳米氧化铁的氧化铝晶须在稳定磁场下进行磁化处理，经过磁化处理后得到改性氧化铝晶须。
7.如权利要求6所述的水性封闭底涂料，其特征在于，按质量分数计算，氧化铝晶须：乙醇：纳米氧化铁的用量比为1：(4-5)：(1-2)。
8.如权利要求6所述的水性封闭底涂料，其特征在于，所述纳米氧化铁的粒径为1-50nm。
9.如权利要求1-8中任一所述的水性封闭底涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、按照比例将聚醚砜乳液、聚酰胺酰亚胺水溶液和聚四氟乙烯微粉混合均匀后用球磨机球磨36-72h，得到第一混合浆料；
步骤二、将第一混合浆料冷却至室温后，按照比例将填料、有机硅烷偶联剂、异丙醇和水加入到第一混合浆料中，搅拌20-30min，得到水性封闭底涂料。
10.如权利要求1-8中任一所述的水性封闭底涂料在铁基锅体不沾处理中的应用，其特征在于，将水性封闭底涂料涂刷至铁基锅体表面时，在铁基锅体所处环境内附加固定磁场。
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