CN113071533A - Sliding shoe lifting mechanism, steel rail flaw detection device, steel rail flaw detection system and steel rail flaw detection vehicle - Google Patents
Sliding shoe lifting mechanism, steel rail flaw detection device, steel rail flaw detection system and steel rail flaw detection vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113071533A CN113071533A CN202011063338.3A CN202011063338A CN113071533A CN 113071533 A CN113071533 A CN 113071533A CN 202011063338 A CN202011063338 A CN 202011063338A CN 113071533 A CN113071533 A CN 113071533A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
- B61K9/10—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way for detecting cracks in rails or welds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D15/00—Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways
- B61D15/08—Railway inspection trolleys
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/262—Linear objects
- G01N2291/2623—Rails; Railroads
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a sliding shoe lifting mechanism, a steel rail flaw detection device, a steel rail flaw detection system and a steel rail flaw detection vehicle, and relates to the field of rail flaw detection. The limiting piece can move along the first direction under the driving of the lifting rod, so that the lifting sleeve and the lifting shaft are driven to move along the first direction, and the sliding shoe is driven to lift relative to the steel rail. In the descending process, after the sliding shoes abut against the steel rail, the lifting sleeve is driven by the limiting piece to compress the elastic piece to slide relative to the lifting shaft, so that the lifting shaft generates a tendency of driving the sliding shoes to descend to be in contact with the steel rail. The sliding shoe lifting mechanism can enable the sliding shoe to descend to the steel rail when flaw detection is needed, can enable the sliding shoe, a probe installed on the sliding shoe and the steel rail to be in contact with each other with proper pressing force, and can conduct self-adaptive adjustment according to the uneven condition of the rail, so that normal work of a steel rail flaw detection device and a steel rail flaw detection vehicle is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rail flaw detection, in particular to a sliding shoe lifting mechanism, a steel rail flaw detection device, a steel rail flaw detection system and a steel rail flaw detection vehicle.
Background
The rail transit is an important component of transportation, and the rail transit occupies an important position in freight transportation and passenger transportation. The safety production of the rail transit is vital, the rail transit safety is affected after the rail line is used for a long time or serious abrasion or crack is generated, and the rail flaw detection vehicle is a maintenance vehicle for detecting the flaw of the steel rail and is important equipment for guaranteeing rail transportation.
At present, the ultrasonic pulse reflection method is mostly adopted in all countries in the world to detect the damage and the crack of the steel rail. However, there are mainly two types of wheel flaw detection systems and boot flaw detection systems in terms of structure, depending on the layout of the probe assembly used. The wheel type flaw detection system is characterized in that a probe is arranged in a probe wheel, the position of the probe is kept still, the probe wheel is filled with a liquid medium, the probe wheel rolls on a steel rail during flaw detection, the probe sends a signal, the signal passes through the liquid medium, the probe wheel finally acts on the steel rail, and a reflected echo signal is received; the boot-type flaw detection system is characterized in that the probe is arranged on the sliding shoe, the sliding shoe is in contact with the surface of the steel rail, and the probe is ensured to be in coupled contact with the surface of the steel rail for flaw detection, so that the probe is more favorable for transmission and reception of ultrasonic signals.
However, in the process of the current steel rail flaw detection system moving along the steel rail, the skid shoes are easily separated from the steel rail due to the height fluctuation of the steel rail, so that the steel rail flaw detection system cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sliding shoe lifting mechanism, a steel rail flaw detection device and a steel rail flaw detection vehicle, for example, which can enable a sliding shoe to be always kept in certain pressing force contact with a steel rail in the process of moving and detecting the flaw of the steel rail flaw detection device along the steel rail, can adaptively adjust the height irregularity of the rail, enables a probe arranged on the sliding shoe to be in good coupling contact with the steel rail, ensures the transmission and the reception of ultrasonic waves, ensures the normal work of the steel rail flaw detection device, and is beneficial to enhancing the accuracy and the reliability of the steel rail flaw detection result.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a slipper lifting mechanism, which includes a lifting rod, a limiting member, a lifting sleeve, a lifting shaft, and an elastic member; one end of the lifting rod is connected with the limiting piece, the lifting shaft is in sliding fit with the lifting sleeve along a first direction and is partially positioned in the lifting sleeve, one end of the lifting shaft is positioned outside the lifting sleeve to form a connecting end used for being connected with the sliding shoe, one end, far away from the connecting end, of the lifting shaft is provided with a first limiting groove in sliding fit with the limiting piece along the first direction, two ends of the elastic piece act on the lifting sleeve and the lifting shaft respectively and are used for providing a force for enabling the part, far away from the connecting end, of the lifting sleeve to abut against the limiting piece and enabling one end, far away from the connecting end, of the first limiting; the limiting part can move along the first direction under the driving of the lifting rod, so that the lifting sleeve and the lifting shaft are driven to move along the first direction, and the sliding shoe connected with the connecting end of the lifting shaft is lifted relative to the steel rail.
In some optional embodiments, during the descending process of the sliding shoe, after the sliding shoe abuts against the steel rail, the limiting member leaves the end of the first limiting groove away from the connecting end, and the lifting sleeve compresses the elastic member to slide relative to the lifting shaft under the driving of the limiting member.
In some alternative embodiments, the limiting member can move to the middle of the first limiting groove.
In some optional embodiments, the limiting member includes a connecting portion and a limiting portion connected at an included angle, the connecting portion is connected with the lifting rod, and the limiting portion is in sliding fit with the first limiting groove.
In some alternative embodiments, the connecting portion is threadedly connected to the lifting rod.
In some alternative embodiments, the connecting portion and the limiting portion are perpendicular to each other.
In some optional embodiments, the number of the first limiting grooves is two, the first limiting grooves are arranged oppositely, the limiting parts comprise a first limiting part and a second limiting part which are arranged oppositely, the first limiting part and the second limiting part are respectively connected with the connecting part at included angles, and the first limiting part and the second limiting part are respectively in sliding fit with the two first limiting grooves.
In some alternative embodiments, the first and second limiting portions are connected to each other and perpendicular to the connecting portion, respectively.
In some optional embodiments, the number of the first limiting grooves is two, and the first limiting grooves are arranged oppositely, and the limiting members are arranged in the two first limiting grooves in a penetrating manner and are in sliding fit along the first direction.
In some optional embodiments, the limiting member is provided with a threaded hole in threaded connection with the lifting rod.
In some optional embodiments, an inner hole communicated with the first limiting groove is formed in one end, away from the connecting end, of the lifting shaft, and one end, connected with the limiting member, of the lifting rod extends into the inner hole of the lifting shaft or a part, connected with the lifting rod, of the limiting member extends out of the inner hole.
In some optional embodiments, one end of the inner hole is open for the lifting rod to extend into, and the other end is sealed to form a bottom wall, and the distance between the bottom wall and the connecting end is less than or equal to the distance between one end of the first limiting groove close to the connecting end and the connecting end.
In some optional embodiments, one end of the lifting sleeve, which is away from the connecting end, is provided with a second limiting groove in sliding fit with the limiting member, and the elastic member is used for providing a force for enabling one end of the second limiting groove, which is close to the connecting end, to abut against the limiting member.
In some optional embodiments, the number of the second limiting grooves is two, and the two second limiting grooves are oppositely arranged, and the limiting member is simultaneously in sliding fit with the two second limiting grooves.
In some optional embodiments, one end of the lifting rod connected with the limiting member is located in the lifting sleeve.
In some optional embodiments, one end of the lifting sleeve, which is away from the connecting end, is provided with a jack which is fixedly inserted into the limiting piece, and the elastic piece is used for providing a force for enabling an inner wall of the jack to abut against the limiting piece.
In some optional embodiments, the elastic member is a coil spring and is sleeved on the lifting shaft, one end of the coil spring abuts against the lifting sleeve, and the other end of the coil spring acts on the lifting shaft.
In some alternative embodiments, the connecting end of the lifting shaft is screwed with a joint bearing for connecting with the sliding shoe, and two ends of the elastic member respectively support against the lifting sleeve and the joint bearing so as to respectively act on the lifting sleeve and the lifting shaft.
In some optional embodiments, the connection end of the lifting shaft is in threaded connection with a knuckle bearing and a lock nut, the lock nut abuts against the knuckle bearing, the connection end is sleeved with a gasket, the gasket abuts against one side of the lock nut, which is far away from the knuckle bearing, and two ends of the elastic piece respectively abut against the lifting sleeve and the gasket, so that the elastic piece respectively acts on the lifting sleeve and the lifting shaft.
In some optional embodiments, the lifting rod includes a rod body and an adapter sleeve, and two ends of the adapter sleeve are respectively in threaded connection with the rod body and the limiting member.
In some optional embodiments, the adapter sleeve includes an upper cylinder for connecting with the rod body and a lower cylinder for connecting with the limiting member, an outer periphery of the upper cylinder is provided with a first external thread locked into the internal thread hole of the rod body, and the lower cylinder has an internal thread hole matched with the second external thread of the limiting member.
In some optional embodiments, the lifting sleeve further comprises a guide seat, and the lifting sleeve is in sliding fit with the guide seat along the first direction.
In some alternative embodiments, the guide housing is provided with an internal cavity extending in the first direction, the lifting sleeve being at least partially slidably fitted in the internal cavity.
In some optional embodiments, the lifting rod is slidably engaged with the guide seat along the first direction, an end of the lifting rod connected to the limiting member is located in the guide seat, and an end of the lifting rod away from the limiting member forms the driving end.
In some optional embodiments, the lifting device further comprises a rotatable handle arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the guide seat and a connecting rod rotatably connected with the handle, wherein one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the handle, is rotatably connected with the driving end, and the connecting rod can move along with the rotation of the handle so as to drive the lifting rod to move along a first direction relative to the guide seat, so that the limiting member is driven to move along the first direction relative to the guide seat.
In some alternative embodiments, a handle is connected to the handle and is used for driving the handle to rotate.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a steel rail flaw detection apparatus, which includes a slipper and the above-mentioned slipper lifting mechanism, where the slipper lifting mechanism is connected to the slipper and is used to drive the slipper to lift relative to a steel rail, and the slipper is provided with an ultrasonic probe for detecting a crack or a damage of the steel rail.
In some alternative embodiments, the number of the shoe lifting mechanisms is two and the shoe lifting mechanisms are respectively connected with two ends of the shoe.
In some alternative embodiments, the skid shoe is configured with multiple sets of ultrasonic probes for detecting head, web and foot damage, respectively, of the rail.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a steel rail flaw detection system, which includes a multichannel ultrasonic detector, a liquid couplant storage tank, a pumping device, and the steel rail flaw detection device described above, where the multichannel ultrasonic detector is in communication connection with an ultrasonic probe in the steel rail flaw detection device, and the couplant in the liquid couplant storage tank is conveyed to a sliding shoe through the pumping device, so that the sliding shoe completes distribution of the couplant and sprays the couplant on a steel rail, so as to form a liquid film layer for ultrasonic flaw detection between the steel rail and the ultrasonic probe.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rail flaw detection vehicle, which includes a running vehicle capable of running on a rail, and the rail flaw detection system described above, where the rail flaw detection system is disposed on the running vehicle, and is used for detecting flaws on the rail during a process in which the running vehicle moves along the rail.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rail flaw detection vehicle, which includes a running vehicle capable of running on a rail, and the rail flaw detection system described above, where the rail flaw detection system has two rail flaw detection apparatuses, and the two rail flaw detection apparatuses are respectively installed on two opposite sides of a frame of the running vehicle, and are used to perform flaw detection on two opposite rails on a rail line.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention include, for example:
when the sliding shoe lifting mechanism is in a non-working state, the limiting piece can be lifted through the lifting rod, so that the lifting shaft and the lifting sleeve are driven to move upwards, and the sliding shoe is driven to be separated from the rail surface of the steel rail; when the lifting device needs to work, the limiting part can be descended through the lifting rod, so that the lifting shaft and the lifting sleeve are driven to move downwards, the sliding shoe is driven to descend and to be in contact with the rail surface of the steel rail, the limiting part is separated from one end, far away from the connecting end, of the first limiting groove of the lifting shaft, so that the sliding shoe is allowed to move up and down to a certain extent due to the unevenness of the rail surface of the steel rail, and the moving distance of the sliding shoe is not more than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the first limiting groove of the limiting part. The elastic piece can keep the pressing force of the sliding shoes on the steel rail in a working state, and ensures that the sliding shoes are always in contact with the surface of the steel rail, so that the probe and the steel rail form good coupling contact, normal transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves are ensured, and the accuracy and reliability of a steel rail flaw detection result are ensured.
Specifically, when the slipper lifting mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention drives the slipper to descend to contact the steel rail, the limiting member may move downward in the first direction under the driving of the lifting rod to drive the lifting sleeve and the lifting shaft to move downward together in the first direction, when the slipper connected to the connecting end of the lifting shaft contacts the steel rail, the lifting shaft may not move downward any more but remain stationary with respect to the steel rail due to the abutting limit of the steel rail, and since the limiting member may leave the end of the first limiting groove away from the connecting end to continue to move downward and the lifting shaft and the lifting sleeve are slidably engaged in the first direction, the lifting sleeve may also compress the elastic member to slide with respect to the lifting shaft under the driving of the limiting member to continue to move downward by a preset distance. At this moment, the lifting sleeve cannot rise due to the abutting and limiting of the limiting piece, the lifting shaft can lift in a certain range along the first direction, and the lifting shaft always has the tendency of moving downwards to contact the surface of the steel rail due to the action of the elastic piece.
Like this, when the slipper is at the in-process of following the rail motion, when the rail uprises, the lift axle can compress the elastic component in order rising, when the rail step-down, the lift axle can descend under the effect of elastic component, no matter the rail uprises or the step-down promptly, the slipper can both keep the contact under certain pressure with the rail, thereby guarantee the normal work of rail flaw detection device and rail flaw detection car, effectively improve the adaptability of rail flaw detection device to different line states, ensure the reliability and the degree of accuracy of rail flaw detection result, and also be favorable to the protection rail, avoid unnecessary wearing and tearing.
Meanwhile, the sliding shoe lifting mechanism is ingenious in structural design, compact in layout, small in occupied space, simple to install and disassemble, convenient for vehicle traveling and flaw detection operation, easy to switch from a working state to a non-working state, capable of fully meeting the requirements of rapid disassembly and assembly and simplicity and convenience in operation of the steel rail flaw detection vehicle, and meanwhile effectively reducing the overall size and weight of the steel rail flaw detection device, and particularly suitable for small and medium-sized steel rail flaw detection vehicles with strict requirements on light weight.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first rail flaw detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second rail flaw detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the shoe lifting mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention during lifting;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a shoe lifting mechanism provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention in a lowered configuration;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection between the lift shaft and the slipper provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a state in which the first slipper lifting mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention drives the slipper away from the steel rail;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second slipper lifting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the invention for driving a slipper away from a steel rail;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a first slipper lifting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in which a slipper contacts a steel rail;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a state in which the second shoe lifting mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention drives the shoes to contact the rail.
Icon: 10-a slipper lifting mechanism; 20-steel rail flaw detection device; 30-a cross beam; 100-a guide seat; 110-lumen; 120-a handle; 130-a connecting rod; 140-a handle; 200-a lifting rod; 210-a rod body; 220-an adapter sleeve; 300-a stop; 310-a connecting portion; 320-a limiting part; 322-a first limiting part; 324-a second stop; 400-lifting sleeve; 410-a second limit groove; 420-support column; 500-lifting shaft; 510-a connection end; 520-a first limiting groove; 530-inner hole; 532-bottom wall; 540-knuckle bearing; 550-a locking nut; 560-a washer; 600-an elastic member; 700-sliding shoe.
Detailed Description
The rail transit is an important component of transportation, and the rail transit occupies an important position in freight transportation and passenger transportation. The rail traffic safety production is vital, the rail line is seriously worn or cracked after being used for a long time, the rail traffic safety is influenced, and the rail flaw detection vehicle is a maintenance vehicle for carrying out flaw detection on the rail and is important equipment for guaranteeing the rail transportation safety.
The rail flaw detection vehicle generally comprises a traveling vehicle and a rail flaw detection system, and the flaw detection system is mounted on the traveling vehicle and moves along the rail along with the traveling vehicle to detect flaws on the rail. Currently, there are two general types of inspection systems in the mainstream: wheel inspection systems and boot inspection systems. The boot type flaw detection system adopts a mode that a sliding boot (used for installing a probe) is in direct contact with the surface of a steel rail to perform ultrasonic flaw detection, and has the characteristics of stable signal transmission and reception and high flaw detection efficiency. However, in the process of the existing rail flaw detection vehicle moving along the rail, the skid shoes provided with the probes are easy to separate from the rail, so that the rail flaw detection device cannot work normally.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a sliding shoe lifting mechanism, a steel rail flaw detection device, a steel rail flaw detection system and a steel rail flaw detection vehicle, wherein the sliding shoe lifting mechanism can drive a sliding shoe to descend to a position contacting with a steel rail and keep a certain pressing force to contact with the sliding shoe when flaw detection work is required, and in the process of moving the steel rail flaw detection device along the steel rail to detect flaws, no matter the steel rail is high or low, the sliding shoe and a probe arranged on the sliding shoe can be self-adaptively adjusted along with the height change of the steel rail, the sliding shoe and the probe can always keep a certain pressing force to contact with the steel rail, and the transmission and the reception of signals such as ultrasonic waves are ensured, so that the normal work of the steel rail flaw detection device.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The rail flaw detection vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a running vehicle capable of running on a rail and a rail flaw detection system. The steel rail flaw detection system is arranged on the running vehicle and used for detecting flaws of the steel rail in the process that the running vehicle moves along the steel rail.
The running can be of different types according to requirements, and the running can be only required to drive the steel rail flaw detection system to move along the steel rail. In this embodiment, the running Vehicle may use an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) cart. In other embodiments, the running vehicle can also be a common vehicle.
Further, the steel rail flaw detection system comprises a multi-channel ultrasonic detector, a liquid couplant storage tank, a pumping device and a steel rail flaw detection device, wherein the multi-channel ultrasonic detector is in communication connection with an ultrasonic probe in the steel rail flaw detection device, and the couplant in the liquid couplant storage tank is conveyed to the sliding shoes through the pumping device, so that the sliding shoes complete distribution of the couplant and spray the couplant on the steel rail, and a liquid film layer for ultrasonic flaw detection is formed between the steel rail and the ultrasonic probe.
The multi-channel ultrasonic flaw detector can display the working states of a plurality of groups of probes in real time, preferably has the functions of processing, displaying, marking, storing and replaying A-type and B-type flaw detection data in real time, and further preferably displays the flaw detection data on the A-type and B-type probes simultaneously or can be switched to display the flaw detection data respectively. Further preferably, the multi-channel ultrasonic flaw detector has a distance compensation function, a mileage calibration function, a speed limit setting function, and the like.
Further, in this embodiment, the rail flaw detection devices are two and respectively mounted on opposite sides of the frame of the running vehicle, and are configured to simultaneously perform flaw detection on two opposing rails on the rail line. In other embodiments, only one rail flaw detector may be provided.
Referring to fig. 1 or 2, the rail flaw detection apparatus 20 includes a skid shoe 700 and a skid shoe lifting mechanism 10, the skid shoe lifting mechanism 10 is connected to the skid shoe 700 and configured to drive the skid shoe 700 to lift relative to a rail, and the skid shoe 700 is provided with an ultrasonic probe configured to detect a crack or a flaw in the rail. Specifically, the slipper 700 is configured with a plurality of sets of ultrasonic probes for respectively detecting the damage of the rail head, the rail web and the rail foot of the steel rail.
In this embodiment, the number of the shoe lifting mechanisms 10 is two and the two shoe lifting mechanisms are respectively connected to two ends of the shoe 700. Specifically, one of the shoe lifting mechanisms 10 is hinged to a first end of the shoe 700 with a hinge axis substantially parallel to the plane of the two rails, and the other shoe lifting mechanism 10 is hinged to a second end of the shoe 700 with a hinge axis substantially parallel to the plane of the two rails and perpendicular to the other hinge axis. Thus, the two ends of the shoe can be independently lifted and lowered by the corresponding shoe lifting mechanism 10, and the two shoe lifting mechanisms 10 do not need to drive the two ends of the shoe 700 to lift and lower simultaneously. In other embodiments, only one of the shoe lifting mechanisms 10 may be provided, and is connected to a middle portion of the shoe 700 for driving the shoe 700 to lift and lower relative to the rail.
In detail, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the shoe lifting mechanism 10 is fixedly mounted on the cross beam 30, and includes a guide base 100, a lifting rod 200, a limiting member 300, a lifting sleeve 400, a lifting shaft 500, and an elastic member 600. One end of the lifting rod 200 is connected to the limiting member 300, the lifting sleeve 400 is slidably fitted to the guide base 100 along a first direction X, the lifting shaft 500 is slidably fitted to the lifting sleeve 400 along the first direction X (in this embodiment, the first direction X is substantially perpendicular to the plane or ground on which the steel rail is located), and is partially located in the lifting sleeve 400, one end of the lifting shaft 500 is located outside the lifting sleeve 400 to form a connecting end 510 for connecting with the sliding shoe 700, the lifting shaft 500 is provided with a first limiting groove 520 slidably fitted to the limiting member 300 along the first direction X, and the first limiting groove 520 extends along the first direction X. The two ends of the elastic member 600 respectively act on the lifting sleeve 400 and the lifting shaft 500, and are used for providing a force for enabling the part of the lifting sleeve 400 away from the connecting end 510 to abut against the limiting member 300 and enabling one end of the first limiting groove 520 away from the connecting end 510 to abut against the limiting member 300;
the limiting member 300 can move in the first direction X relative to the guide base 100 under the driving of the lifting rod 200, so as to drive the lifting sleeve 400 and the lifting shaft 500 to move in the first direction X relative to the guide base 100, thereby lifting the sliding shoe 700 connected to the connecting end 510 of the lifting shaft 500 relative to the steel rail. In the descending process of the lifting rod 200, after the sliding shoe 700 abuts against the steel rail, the limiting member 300 is separated from one end of the first limiting groove 520 of the lifting shaft 500, which is far away from the connecting end 510, and the lifting sleeve 400 is driven by the limiting member 300 to compress the elastic member 600 to slide relative to the lifting shaft 500.
When the slipper lifting mechanism 10 drives the slipper 700 to descend to contact the steel rail, firstly, the limiting member 300 moves downward along the first direction X under the driving of the lifting rod 200 to drive the lifting sleeve 400 and the lifting shaft 500 to move downward along the first direction X together, when the slipper 700 connected to the connecting end 510 of the lifting shaft 500 contacts the steel rail, the lifting shaft 500 does not move downward any more and remains stationary relative to the steel rail due to the abutting limiting of the steel rail, since the limiting member 300 leaves the end of the first limiting groove 520 away from the connecting end 510 to continue moving downward, and the lifting shaft 500 is in sliding fit with the lifting sleeve 400 along the first direction X, the lifting sleeve 400 also compresses the elastic member 600 to slide relative to the lifting shaft 500 under the driving of the limiting member 300 to continue moving downward by a preset distance. At this time, the lifting sleeve 400 cannot ascend due to the abutting of the limiting member 300, and the lifting shaft 500 can also ascend and descend within a certain range, but the lifting shaft 500 always tends to move downward due to the elastic member 600. Thus, when the slide shoe 700 moves along the rail, the lifting shaft 500 can compress the spring to lift when the rail is high, and when the rail is low, the lifting shaft 500 can descend under the action of the spring, namely, the slide shoe 700 can keep contact with the rail no matter whether the rail is high or low, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the rail flaw detection device 20 and the rail flaw detection vehicle.
Wherein the guide 100 is fixedly mounted on the cross member 30. Specifically, the guide bases 100 of the two shoe lifting mechanisms 10 are respectively integrally formed at two ends of the cross beam 30, that is, the guide bases 100 are directly formed at the two ends of the cross beam 30 during processing. In other embodiments, the guide bases 100 of the two shoe lifting mechanisms 10 can be detachably mounted to both ends of the cross beam 30.
The guide holder 100 may adopt different structures as required, in this embodiment, the guide holder 100 is a hollow structure extending along the first direction X, and an inner cavity 110 extending along the first direction X is provided therein, one end of the inner cavity 110 is incompletely sealed to allow the lifting rod 200 to penetrate therethrough, and the other end is open. The cross section of the guide holder 100 is square, and the "cross section" refers to a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the guide holder 100. In other embodiments, the guide seat 100 may be a solid structure, and the cross section of the guide seat 100 may also be circular.
The guide base 100 is provided at an outer wall thereof with a rotatable handle 120, a connecting rod 130 rotatably connected to the handle 120, and a handle 140 fixedly connected to the handle 120. In detail, two support columns 420 are disposed on an outer wall of an end of the guide seat 100, and the two support columns 420 are disposed at intervals and extend along the first direction X. The handle 120 is substantially U-shaped, two open ends of the handle are rotatably connected to the two support columns 420, the sealed end is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 130, the other end of the connecting rod 130 is rotatably connected to one end of the lifting rod 200, and three rotating shafts (the rotating shaft between the two open ends of the handle 120 and the two support columns 420, the rotating shaft between the end of the handle 120 sealed and the connecting rod 130, and the rotating shaft between the connecting rod 130 and the lifting rod 200) are parallel to each other and extend along a second direction Y (in this embodiment, the second direction Y is substantially parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail) perpendicular to the first direction X.
The lifting rod 200 may be disposed on the guide base 100 in various ways as required. In this embodiment, the lifting rod 200 is slidably engaged with the guide seat 100 along the first direction X, and the sliding engagement position of the two is located at one end of the seal of the guide seat 100. The lifting rod 200 penetrates through one end of the inner cavity 110 which is not completely sealed, one end of the lifting rod 200 connected with the limiting member 300 is positioned in the guide seat 100 and extends into the lifting shaft 500 and the lifting sleeve 400, and the other end is positioned outside the guide seat 100 to form a driving end hinged with one end of the connecting rod 130 far away from the handle 120. In other embodiments, the lifting rod 200 may not be in sliding contact with the guide base, but merely pass through the guide base; the lifter bar 200 may also be located entirely on the outer wall of the guide housing 100 (e.g., when the guide housing 100 is a solid structure).
The lifting rod 200 may adopt different structures as required, and in this embodiment, in order to facilitate connection and assembly, the lifting rod 200 includes a rod body 210 and an adapter sleeve 220, and the adapter sleeve 220 is simultaneously in threaded connection with the rod body 210 and the limiting member 300. In detail, the rod 210 is slidably engaged with the guide base 100, and one end of the rod is located outside the guide base 100 to form the driving end, the other end of the rod is located inside the guide base 100 and is in threaded connection with one end of the adapter sleeve 220, and one end of the adapter sleeve 220, which is far away from the rod 210, is in threaded connection with the limiting member 300. Further, a first external thread and a first internal thread are provided on the adaptor sleeve 220, a second internal thread connected with the first external thread is provided on the rod body 210, and a second external thread matched with the first internal thread is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the position of the limiting member 300 used for connecting with the rod body 210 of the lifting rod 200. Specifically, adapter sleeve 220 includes the last cylinder that is used for being connected with the body of rod 210 and the lower cylinder that is used for being connected with spacing portion 320, and the periphery of going up the cylinder is provided with the first external screw thread that is used for locking into the internal thread hole of the body of rod 210, and lower cylinder has the internal thread hole that is used for the second external screw thread connection with locating part 300. In other embodiments, the lifting rod 200 may be an integral structure, that is, the rod body 210 and the adapter sleeve 220 form an integral structure, which may be integrally formed.
When the handle 120 rotates around the first axis relative to the two support columns under the driving of the handle 140, the connecting rod 130 rotates around the second axis relative to the handle 120 while approaching or departing from the guide base 100 under the driving of the handle 120, and the lifting rod 200 rotates around the third axis relative to the connecting rod while sliding along the first direction X relative to the guide base 100 under the driving of the connecting rod 130, so as to drive the limiting member 300 to move along the first direction X relative to the guide base 100. In this embodiment, the first axis, the second axis and the third axis are all substantially parallel to the plane of the rail.
Referring to fig. 5, in the embodiment, the limiting member 300 includes a connecting portion 310 and a limiting portion 320 connected at an included angle, the connecting portion 310 is connected with the lifting rod 200, and the limiting portion 320 is slidably engaged with the first limiting groove 520. The structure of the limiting member 300 is provided to facilitate the limiting member 300 to be coupled to the lifting rod 200 and to be engaged with the first limiting groove 520.
The limiting member 300 is inserted into the first limiting groove 520 and abuts against one end of the lifting sleeve 400, so as to limit the movement range of the lifting sleeve 400 relative to the lifting shaft 500 and the limiting member 300 in the first direction X.
In this embodiment, the connecting portion 310 extends along the first direction X, and the limiting portion 320 extends along the second direction Y, that is, the connecting portion 310 and the limiting portion 320 are perpendicular (i.e., the included angle therebetween is 90 °), so that the limiting member 300 is substantially T-shaped. Further, the position-limiting portion 320 includes a first position-limiting portion 322 and a second position-limiting portion 324 connected to each other, the first position-limiting portion 322 and the second position-limiting portion 324 have the same length and are connected to the connecting portion 310 at an included angle, specifically, vertically, so that the position-limiting member 300 forms a T-shaped structure. Further, the first position-limiting portion 322 and the second position-limiting portion 324 are connected to each other and are symmetrically disposed with respect to the connecting portion 310.
In other embodiments, in order to simplify the structure of the position limiting element 300 and reduce the manufacturing cost thereof, the position limiting element 300 may also be an L-shaped structure, that is, one end of the connecting portion 310 and one end of the position limiting portion 320 are perpendicularly connected to each other.
The connection end 510 of the lifting shaft 500 is located outside the guide holder 100, and one end far away from the connection end 510 is located inside the guide holder 100 and is provided with an inner hole 530 communicated with the first limit groove 520. The inner hole 530 has an open end for the end of the lifting rod 200 connected to the limiting member 300 to extend into, or for the portion of the limiting member 300 connected to the lifting rod 200 to extend out, and a closed end to form a bottom wall 532. The distance between the bottom wall 532 and the connecting end 510 is less than or equal to the distance between the end of the first limiting groove 520 close to the connecting end 510 and the connecting end 510.
In this embodiment, the first limiting groove 520 is a kidney-shaped hole extending along the first direction X. The number of the first limiting grooves 520 is two and the first limiting grooves 520 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the inner hole 530, and the two first limiting grooves 520 are communicated with the inner hole 530. The limiting member 300 is simultaneously inserted into the two first limiting grooves 520 and is slidably engaged along the first direction X, and in detail, the first limiting portion 322 and the second limiting portion 324 are respectively slidably engaged with the two first limiting grooves 520.
At least a portion of the lifting sleeve 400 is slidably connected to the inner cavity 110 of the guide base 100 to improve the stability of the lifting sleeve 400 matching with the guide base 100. In this embodiment, one end of the lifting sleeve 400 is always located in the guide base 100, and the other end can extend out of or retract into the guide base 100. The position of the lifting sleeve 400 far from the connecting end 510 is provided with a second limiting groove 410 in sliding fit with the limiting member 300, the second limiting groove 410 is arranged on the lifting sleeve 400 and is always located at one end of the guide seat 100 and extends along the first direction X, and the elastic member 600 is used for providing a force for enabling one end of the second limiting groove 410 close to the connecting end 510 to abut against the limiting member 300.
In order to improve the stability of the fit between the lifting sleeve 400 and the limiting member 300, in this embodiment, the second limiting groove 410 is also a kidney-shaped hole extending along the first direction X, which also facilitates the installation and assembly of the T-shaped limiting member 300. The number of the second limiting grooves 410 is two and the two limiting grooves are arranged oppositely. The two second limiting grooves 410 are respectively in sliding fit with the limiting members 300. In detail, the two second limiting grooves 410 are respectively matched with the first limiting portion 322 and the second limiting portion 324.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the lifting sleeve 400 may not be provided with the second limiting groove 410, at this time, the limiting member 300 directly abuts against the end portion of the lifting sleeve 400 far from the elastic member 600 or far from the connecting end 510, or an insertion hole fixedly inserted into the limiting member 300 is provided at one end of the lifting sleeve 400 far from the connecting end 510, and at this time, the elastic member 600 is used to provide a force for making the inner wall of the insertion hole abut against the limiting member 300. However, if the second limiting groove 410 is a through hole, the limiting member 300 is difficult to be mounted and dismounted, and at this time, the structure of the limiting member 300 needs to be changed, for example, a straight rod passing through the through hole may be adopted, that is, the limiting member 300 does not include the connecting portion 310 any more, but only includes the limiting portion 320, and the middle portion of the limiting member 300 is provided with a threaded hole in threaded connection with the lifting rod 200.
The elastic member 600 may have different structures as required, in this embodiment, the elastic member 600 is a coil spring and is sleeved on the lifting shaft 500, one end of the coil spring abuts against the lifting sleeve 400, and the other end of the coil spring acts on the lifting shaft 500. In other embodiments, the elastic member 600 may also be a rubber sleeve with elasticity, and the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the lifting shaft 500 and two ends of the rubber sleeve respectively support the lifting sleeve 400 and the lifting shaft 500; the elastic member 600 may also be disposed in the inner hole 530 of the lifting shaft 500, and one end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom wall 532 and the other end abuts against the limiting member 300.
Further, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the connection end 510 of the lifting shaft 500 is threadedly connected with a joint bearing 540 and a lock nut 550, the joint bearing 540 is connected with the sliding shoe 700, the lock nut 550 tightly abuts against the joint bearing 540, the connection end 510 is sleeved with a washer 560, the washer 560 abuts against one side of the lock nut 550 away from the joint bearing 540, and the elastic member 600 simultaneously abuts against the lifting sleeve 400 and the washer 560 to simultaneously act on the lifting sleeve 400 and the lifting shaft 500.
In other embodiments, the lock nut 550 and the washer 560 may not be provided, and only the spherical plain bearing 540 may be provided. At this time, the elastic member 600 simultaneously abuts against the lifting sleeve 400 and the knuckle bearing 540 to simultaneously act on the lifting sleeve 400 and the lifting shaft 500.
The elastic member 600 is disposed to maintain a certain pressing force to make the shoe 700 adhere to the rail surface when the rail flaw detector 20 is in operation, and the position of the shoe 700 moving under the limitation of the limiting member 300 does not exceed the height of the first limiting groove 520 of the lifting shaft 500, which is the height that effectively avoids the rail surface obstacle or allows the shoe to descend. When the lifting handle 120 is lifted, the limiting member 300 moves upwards to abut against the upper side of the first limiting groove 520 of the lifting shaft 500, then the sliding shoe 700 and the rail flaw detection device 20 are continuously lifted, the elastic member 600 is slightly compressed in the state, the maximum vertical movement height allowed by the first limiting groove 520 is not exceeded, and at this time, the sliding shoe 700 is in non-working state, is separated from the contact rail surface, so that the vehicle can walk conveniently, the resistance is reduced, and abnormal collision is prevented.
Meanwhile, the elastic member 600 of the present embodiment can avoid the elastic member 600 directly abutting against the limiting member 300 due to the arrangement of the lifting sleeve 400, and effectively improve the working state of the elastic member 600. Direct abutment with the retainer 300, while providing compressive force, increases the amount of compression of the spring 600, resulting in a tendency for the spring 600 to prematurely fail or for the compressive force to decrease during operation.
The working process and the effect of the steel rail flaw detection device 20 provided by the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
when the device is not in operation, referring to fig. 3, fig. 7 or fig. 8, the handle 140 is turned to the position shown in fig. 3, and the handle 120 moves upward to drive the whole body of the limiting member 300 and the lifting shaft 500 to move upward, so as to drive the sliding shoe 700 to be away from the steel rail, at this time, due to the action of the elastic member 600, one end of the first limiting groove 520, which is away from the connecting end 510, abuts against the upper side of the limiting portion 320 of the limiting member 300, and one end of the second limiting groove 410, which is close to the connecting end 510, abuts against the lower side of the limiting portion 320 of the limiting.
When the rail flaw detection device needs to work, referring to fig. 4, 9 or 10, the sliding shoe 700 is firstly positioned above the rail to be detected, and then an operator holds the handle 140 and turns over the handle by a preset angle (for example, 180 °), wherein the turned position of the handle is as shown in fig. 4. Due to the driving of the handle 140, the lifting rod 200 and the position limiting member 300 move downward in the first direction X by a predetermined distance with respect to the guide base 100 at the same time, so that the lifting sleeve 400 and the lifting shaft 500 move downward in the first direction X with respect to the guide base 100 to make the sliding shoe 700 approach and contact the steel rail. At this time, due to the effect of the elastic element 600, the end of the second limiting groove 410 close to the connecting end 510 still supports against the limiting element 300, but the end of the first limiting groove 520 far from the connecting end 510 leaves the limiting element 300, and the limiting element 300 is approximately located in the middle of the first limiting groove 520, so that the sliding shoe 700 can ascend and descend in a certain range along the first direction X and tends to descend along the first direction X.
Finally, the vehicle drives the rail flaw detector 20 to move along the rail. When the rail becomes high, the slipper shoe 700 can be driven by the rail to rise, and the elastic member 600 is compressed; when the rail becomes low, the shoe 700 can be lowered by the elastic member 600, and the elastic member 600 is released. Namely, no matter the steel rail becomes high or low, the skid shoe 700 and the probe mounted thereon can keep a certain pressing force with the steel rail for flaw detection, thereby ensuring the normal work of the steel rail flaw detection device 20 and the steel rail flaw detection vehicle, effectively improving the adaptability of the steel rail flaw detection device 20 to different line states, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the steel rail flaw detection result, avoiding unnecessary abrasion between the skid shoe 700 and the surface of the steel rail, being beneficial to protecting the steel rail and prolonging the service life of the steel rail.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A slipper lifting mechanism (10) is characterized by comprising a lifting rod (200), a limiting piece (300), a lifting sleeve (400), a lifting shaft (500) and an elastic piece (600);
one end of the lifting rod (200) is connected with the limiting piece (300), the lifting shaft (500) is in sliding fit with the lifting sleeve (400) along a first direction and is partially positioned in the lifting sleeve (400), one end of the lifting shaft (500) is positioned outside the lifting sleeve (400), so as to form a connecting end (510) for connecting with a sliding shoe (700), a first limiting groove (520) matched with the limiting piece (300) in a sliding manner along the first direction is arranged at one end, far away from the connecting end (510), of the lifting shaft (500), two ends of the elastic piece (600) respectively act on the lifting sleeve (400) and the lifting shaft (500), is used for providing that one end of the lifting sleeve (400) far away from the connecting end (510) is abutted against the limiting piece (300), and a force that causes one end of the first limiting groove (520) far away from the connecting end (510) to abut against the limiting piece (300);
the limiting member (300) can move along the first direction under the driving of the lifting rod (200), so that the lifting sleeve (400) and the lifting shaft (500) are driven to move along the first direction, and the sliding shoe (700) connected with the connecting end (510) of the lifting shaft (500) is lifted relative to a steel rail.
2. The slipper lifting mechanism (10) according to claim 1, wherein during the lowering of the slipper (700), when the slipper (700) abuts against the steel rail, the limiting member (300) leaves an end of the first limiting groove (520) away from the connecting end (510), and the lifting sleeve (400) compresses the elastic member (600) to slide relative to the lifting shaft (500) under the driving of the limiting member (300).
3. The slipper lifting mechanism (10) of claim 2, wherein the retainer (300) is movable to a middle of the first retainer groove (520).
4. The slipper lifting mechanism (10) of claim 1, wherein the retainer (300) comprises a connecting portion (310) and a retaining portion (320) connected at an included angle, the connecting portion (310) is connected with the lifting rod (200), and the retaining portion (320) is slidably engaged with the first retaining groove (520).
5. A rail flaw detection apparatus (20) comprising a slipper (700) and a slipper lifting mechanism (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the slipper lifting mechanism (10) is connected to the slipper (700) for driving the slipper (700) to be lifted relative to a rail, and wherein the slipper (700) is provided with an ultrasonic probe for detecting a rail crack or flaw.
6. The rail flaw detection apparatus (20) according to claim 5, wherein the number of the shoe lifting mechanisms (10) is two and the two shoe lifting mechanisms are respectively connected to both ends of the shoe (700).
7. The rail flaw detection apparatus (20) according to claim 5, wherein the skid shoe (700) is provided with a plurality of sets of ultrasonic probes for detecting flaws on a rail head, a rail web, and a rail foot of the rail, respectively.
8. A rail flaw detection system comprising a multi-channel ultrasonic detector, a liquid couplant storage tank, a pumping device and the rail flaw detection device (20) of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the multi-channel ultrasonic detector is connected with an ultrasonic probe in the rail flaw detection device (20) in a communication manner, and the couplant in the liquid couplant storage tank is conveyed to the skid shoe (700) through the pumping device, so that the skid shoe (700) completes distribution of the couplant and sprays the couplant on a rail to form a liquid film layer for ultrasonic flaw detection between the rail and the ultrasonic probe.
9. A rail flaw detection vehicle comprising a running vehicle capable of running on a rail and the rail flaw detection system of claim 8, the rail flaw detection system being provided on the running vehicle for detecting flaws in the rail during movement of the running vehicle along the rail.
10. A rail flaw detection vehicle comprising a running vehicle capable of running on a rail and the rail flaw detection system according to claim 8, wherein the rail flaw detection system has two of the rail flaw detection apparatuses (20), and the two rail flaw detection apparatuses (20) are respectively mounted on opposite sides of a frame of the running vehicle, and are used for performing flaw detection on two rails oppositely disposed on a rail line.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011063338.3A CN113071533B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Sliding shoe lifting mechanism, steel rail flaw detection device, steel rail flaw detection system and steel rail flaw detection vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011063338.3A CN113071533B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Sliding shoe lifting mechanism, steel rail flaw detection device, steel rail flaw detection system and steel rail flaw detection vehicle |
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| CN113071533A true CN113071533A (en) | 2021-07-06 |
| CN113071533B CN113071533B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN113071533B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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Address after: 213011 No.99, Wuyi Road, Changzhou Economic Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Changzhou CRRC Ruitai Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Patentee after: CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 213011 No.99, Wuyi Road, Changzhou Economic Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Changzhou CRRC Ruitai Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China Patentee before: CRRC QISHUYAN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |
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