CN113068602B - Frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to seaweed proliferation and application thereof - Google Patents
Frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to seaweed proliferation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113068602B CN113068602B CN202110416590.6A CN202110416590A CN113068602B CN 113068602 B CN113068602 B CN 113068602B CN 202110416590 A CN202110416590 A CN 202110416590A CN 113068602 B CN113068602 B CN 113068602B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to algal proliferation and application thereof. Through the cooperation of the attached sub-reefs and the attached mother reefs, an attached matrix is provided for spores diffused in a transplanting area, the dispersion and the separation of algae are promoted by utilizing the attributes of the reefs, secondary proliferation is realized, and the proliferation range of the seaweed is further expanded so as to achieve the purpose of forming a secondary population of the transplanted seaweed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an in-sea structure in an ocean pasture, in particular to a frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to seaweed proliferation and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the natural seaweed environment is degraded and even exhausted due to over-development of the sea and damage to the marine ecological environment. Therefore, there has been much interest in reconstructing a marine ranch suitable for the breeding and growth of algae resources. The artificial fish reef arranged in the water area can provide an attaching base for the propagation and growth of the seaweed, and can attract aquatic animals such as fishes and shellfishes to the seaweed field for bait, growth and propagation, so that the aims of recovering seaweed resources, optimizing the submarine environment, protecting and proliferating fishery resources and improving the quality of the harvested fish are fulfilled. However, the technical problems of limited proliferation area, reef body stability, optimized structure and the like still exist in the early-stage design part of the algal reef, so that the design of the artificial algal reef with the functions of large attachment area, low cost and the like is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
This summary is provided to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments, and some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and in the abstract and title of the present application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In view of the above and/or the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a frame-type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to algal proliferation and an application thereof, wherein the purpose of forming a secondary population of transplanted algae is achieved by providing an attachment matrix for spores diffused in a transplanting area.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an artificial algal reef adheres to sub-reef, wherein, adhere to sub-reef and include stratum basale and functional layer, the stratum basale or set up the embedded groove on the functional layer, set up the product gas thing in the embedded groove, the opening part of embedded groove sets up the piece and realizes sealing.
Preferably, the block is made of iron or concrete, and the gas product comprises one or more of carbonate, bicarbonate and ammonium salt.
Preferably, the functional layer comprises one or more of sand, cinder, waste shells and crushed stones.
The invention provides a frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to algal proliferation, which comprises a main reef and an attached sub-reef, wherein a groove is formed in the main reef, the attached sub-reef is arranged at the groove, a through hole is formed in the attached sub-reef, and a connecting piece penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the main reef.
Preferably, the upper part of the connecting piece is provided with a lug.
Preferably, the recess is including being first recess, boss and the second recess that the linearity was arranged, the boss sets up the perforation, the connecting piece passes through the through-hole, perforates will attach the sub-reef the boss is connected.
Preferably, the connecting member includes a combining portion, a supporting portion and an extending portion, the combining portion is disposed in the groove, one end of the supporting portion is connected to the combining portion, and the other end is connected to the extending portion.
Preferably, the extension part is towards the direction of adhering to the sub-reef sets up the extension face, the extension face is the arc.
Preferably, a combination part and an elastic part are arranged on the connecting piece, the combination part is arranged in the groove, one end of the elastic part is connected with the combination part, and the other end of the elastic part is connected with the bump.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a novel attached sub-reef and a frame type steel-concrete alga reef body thereof, alga proliferation is carried out through the cooperation of the attached sub-reef and the attached main reef, the dispersion and the separation of alga bodies are promoted by utilizing the self attribute of the reef body, secondary proliferation is realized, and the proliferation range of the alga is further expanded.
The attached drawings are as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an attached reef in embodiment 1, where fig. a is a schematic structural view of an embedded groove, b is a schematic structural view of an inverted frustum pyramid type functional layer, and c is a schematic structural view of a suspension base;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block structure view of the attached sub-reef in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a general schematic view of the frame-type steel-concrete algal reef facilitating the proliferation of seaweeds according to example 2;
FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of the frame-type steel-concrete algal reef facilitating the proliferation of seaweeds according to example 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating connection members of the frame-type steel-concrete algal reef for facilitating the proliferation of seaweeds according to example 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a connector of the frame-type steel-concrete algal reef facilitating the proliferation of seaweeds according to example 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an extended structure of the frame-type steel-concrete algal reef for facilitating the proliferation of seaweeds in example 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a connector of the frame-type steel-concrete algal reef for facilitating the proliferation of seaweeds in example 3;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the frame-type steel-concrete algal reef facilitating the proliferation of seaweeds in example 2
Description of the drawings: the dimension units in mm in the figure and the concrete strength grade are C35;
the anchor length of the plate ribs is 200, the lap joint length is 300, the anchor length of the frame and the column ribs is 350, and the lap joint length is 400;
the plate ribs are arranged in the middle of the thickness of the plate, and the thickness of the reinforcement protection layer of the frame, the beam and the column is 40 mm;
the side plate is provided with a jack (the size is 130 multiplied by 70mm) for inserting the cinder bricks or/and the cement reef (the size is 240 multiplied by 115 multiplied by 53 mm);
example 1: attached reef of artificial algal reef
The embodiment provides an attached reef 2 of artificial algal reef, and this attached reef 2 includes stratum basale 21 and functional layer 22, and stratum basale 21 is cast by the concrete, and functional layer 22 has certain rough surface, does benefit to the rhizoid of marine alga seedling and adheres to, mixes the casting through doping certain material such as grit, cinder, abandonment shell in the concrete and makes, forms single functional layer or compound functional layer, further casts functional layer 22 can realize at the in-process of casting stratum basale 21. The specifications of the substrate layer of the attached reef 2 are as follows: the length of 240mm, the width of 115mm and the height of 53mm, the sand uses coarse sand with the average grain diameter of 1 mm-0.5 mm to ensure the roughness of the surface, which is beneficial to the rhizoid adhesion of seaweed seedlings, and the applicable seaweed types comprise gulfweed, sargassum fusiforme or sea grape. Preferably, the functional layer 22 is an inverted frustum pyramid, the area of the contact surface of the functional layer 22 with the substrate layer 21 is slightly smaller than that of the outer surface, the contact surface and the contact surface are made by casting concrete doped with sand or waste shell fragments to form a composite functional layer and improve the biocompatibility of the functional layer 22, and preferably, the waste shell fragment layer is the most surface layer, and the shell fragments on the waste shell fragment layer are exposed or semi-exposed.
Further, set up buried groove 23 on stratum basale 21 or the functional layer 22, buried groove 23 sets up in the inside of adhering to sub-reef 2, has gas production thing 24 in the buried groove 23. After the adhesive reef 2 is formed, the embedding grooves 23 are filled with gas-producing substances 24, and then the blocks 25 with the same area as the embedding grooves 23 are used for plugging. Preferably, the gas generant 24 is a mildly gas generable material such as a carbonate, bicarbonate, ammonium salt, or the like, and the nugget 25 is preferably made of iron or concrete material. Preferably, the pre-buried groove 23 is disposed between the substrate layer 21 and the functional layer 22 or on the functional layer 22, so as to facilitate the functional layer 22 to be separated.
Further, there is hanging base 26 around the attached reef 2, the hanging base 26 includes a connecting rope 261, a base 262 and a perpendicular line 263, the connecting rope 261 penetrates the base 262, and both ends are fixed in the functional layer 22, or fixed at the joint of the base layer 21 and the functional layer 22, the base 262 is in a hanging state, and the base 262 and the functional layer 22 are made of the same material. Adhere to sub-reef 2 and arrange the sea water back in, base station 262 is in the state of swaying always to through connecting rope 261 to functional layer 22 application of force, having accelerated the breaking away from of functional layer 22 on the one hand, on the other hand, the surperficial abandonment shell piece of functional layer 22 can cut and connect rope 261, after the certain time, base station 262 can break away from or partly break away from and leave and adhere to sub-reef 2 along with the whole of connecting rope 261, carries out the secondary and throws reef, hyperplasia. One end of perpendicular line 263 is connected with connecting rope 261 or base station 262, and the other end is the free end, sets up a plurality of perpendicular lines 263 on every hanging base 26, and perpendicular line 263 length is no longer than 25cm, takes place the winding when avoiding using, reduces the potential safety hazard. The arrangement of the connecting rope 261 and the perpendicular line 263 can buffer a turbulent seawater environment, complicate the water flow state and keep the decomposition resistance stable, and can be used as a natural attaching base of the seaweed to facilitate the attachment of the wild seaweed. The connecting string 261 and the perpendicular line 263 are preferably made of hemp, and the abutment 262 is attached with a seaweed rootlet.
During the use, adhere to in the sub-reef 2 and dip in the sea water after a certain period, along with the submergence or the corruption of sea water, piece 25 loses the barrier effect to the sea water gradually, and then the product gas 24 in the embedded groove 23 contacts with the sea water, and then produces gas, and gas produces many air chamber apertures and then overflows in adhering to sub-reef 2, has increased disturbance factor, adheres to sub-reef 2 and has had the effort of from interior to exterior peeling off, can accelerate functional layer 22 drop or separation, the drop of stratum basale 21 and functional layer 22. In addition, when the block 25 is made of iron, gas such as hydrogen and the like can be generated in the process of corroding the block 25 by seawater, the stripping effect is also realized, disturbance and stripping are performed on the surface layer of the attached reef 2, after the block 25 cannot block the seawater for a certain time, the gas production product 24 and the block 25 play a stripping role together, and the stripping effect is also obviously enhanced; when the block 25 is made of concrete, seawater is infiltrated to contact with the gas-producing substance 24, a certain action time is needed, and the whole gas-producing stripping process is slow due to the limited amount of the infiltrated seawater, so that the growth period from the rhizoid of the seaweed to the seedling is ensured. In addition, the general reinforced concrete artificial fish reef is made of silicate cement, the pH value is higher, and when the gas production product 24 is carbonate and bicarbonate, the pH value of the artificial fish reef can be adjusted, so that the attachment and the growth of algae are facilitated.
In addition, the material attached to the reef 2 uses certain waste shells as raw materials, waste utilization is achieved, manufacturing cost is saved, nutrients can be provided for algae by utilizing biological attributes such as broken shells, biocompatibility is improved, the shell fragments exposed on the surface are beneficial to the whole or partial separation of the hanging base 261, secondary reef throwing and seaweed proliferation is achieved, the functional layers 22 made of different materials gradually fall off at different times, and as the artificial roots are attached to the functional layers 22, the artificial roots develop to seedlings after being immersed in seawater, and the seedlings can discharge spores to form secondary populations after growing to maturity. When the functional layer 22 falls off, spores fall off and disperse, so that three times of proliferation is realized, and the proliferation range is enlarged.
Example 2: frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to seaweed proliferation
The embodiment provides a do benefit to frame type steel-concrete algal reef of marine alga hyperplasia, because there are sea conditions such as unrestrained, gushing in the sea water, the setting that attaches sub-reef 2 simultaneously has increased the impact area of fish reef, for stability consideration, this steel-concrete algal reef includes female reef 1 and attaches sub-reef 2, and female reef 1 and attached sub-reef 2 pass through connecting piece 3 and connect, and connected mode can be for inserting, embedding, gomphosis, take out mode such as inserting. The main reef 1 is a plurality of ladder-shaped frame steel-concrete algal reefs and the attached sub-reefs 2 are arranged, and the attached sub-reefs 2 are arranged at the waist parts of the two sides of the main reef 1 and radiate the inside and the outside of the main reef 1. Set up recess 11 on the female reef 1, set up through-hole 26 on the attached son reef 2 that corresponds, in connecting piece 3 runs through-hole 26 and inserts recess 11, realize attaching son reef 2 and being connected of female reef 1. The connecting piece 3 can be a connecting rod, a nail-shaped object, a metal expansion screw, a water pressure expansion plug and the like.
Furthermore, the groove 11 is zigzag, and specifically includes a first groove 111, a boss 112 and a second groove 113, the first groove 111, the boss 112 and the second groove 113 are linearly arranged, the boss 112 is provided with a through hole 114, when in use, the attached sub-reef 2 is placed in the first groove 111 and the second groove 113, and the connecting piece 3 fixedly connects the attached sub-reef 2 and the boss 112 through the through hole 26 and the through hole 114. Preferably, the upper portion of the connecting member 3 is provided with a protrusion 30 to prevent the connecting member 3 from sliding out of the through hole 26 and the through hole 114.
Example 3: frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to proliferation of algae
The embodiment provides a frame type steel-concrete algal reef that does benefit to marine alga multiplication, and is different from the above-mentioned embodiment, and connecting piece 3 includes joint portion 31, supporting part 32, extension 33 and elastic component 34, further carries on spacingly to attaching sub-reef 2, guarantees the stable connection under the impact of sea water surge.
Specifically, the connecting member 3 includes a combination portion 31, a support portion 32, and an extension portion 33, the combination portion 31 is a portion connected to the groove 11, the support portion 32 and the extension portion 33 are used to receive the attached reef 2, one end of the support portion 32 is connected to the combination portion 31, the other end is connected to the extension portion 33, one end of the elastic portion 34 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 30, such as by welding, and the other end is movably connected to the extension portion 33, such as by hooking, binding, and the like. The elastic portion 34 may be a spring, an elastic string, or the like. During the use, place the joint part 31 in recess 11, will adhere to sub-reef 2 and place on supporting part 32 and extension 33, pull elastic component 34 and be connected with extension 33 this moment to it is spacing to adhere to sub-reef 2. Preferably, the elastic part 34 is connected with the edge of the extension part 33, so that the extension part 33 wraps the edge of the attached reef 2 to realize a stable connection.
Further, extension 33 has extension face 311, extension face 311 is the arc to the orientation adheres to the setting of sub-reef 2, can alleviate on the one hand and adhere to the direct impact of sub-reef 2 to the surge, on the other hand makes the minizone vortex at adhering to sub-reef 2 and extension 33 junction, forms local disturbance.
The invention provides a 'primary-secondary reef' design scheme for reefs beneficial to transplanting seedlings, wherein a primary reef 1 is a main reef thrown into a transplanting area, such as a ladder-shaped frame steel-concrete algal reef, and an attached secondary reef 2 is an attachment base used for manually collecting seedlings and enriching seedlings of target seaweed. The main reef 1 is a trapezoid and adopts a trapezoid frame steel-concrete algal reef, the single algal reef is high in density and stability due to large volume, the height of the trapezoid frame steel-concrete algal reef is determined to be 3.5m, the length of the bottom surface is 3.5m, the width is 3.5m, the free space of the single algal reef is a side plate of 25.55 free space { [ (0.5m +3.5m) × 3.3m/2+3.5 × 0.2] × 3.5m }, the thickness is 10cm, and the reserved insertion holes which can be inserted into the sub-reefs are formed in the side plate: the width is 13cm and the height is 7 cm.
In a land-based indoor environment, by utilizing the sexual propagation characteristics of target algae (the gulfweed enters the sexual propagation season in 4 months every year), the artificial propagation technology is adopted to attach the young algae to the attached reef 2 or the hanging base 26, and the young algae is cultivated to the required specification for transplantation, namely the young algae grows to about 5-10cm, so that the young algae is transplanted. And (4) carrying out batch long-distance transportation on the algae seedlings to a designated sea area algae field construction site according to the tidal water condition after about 12 months to the bottom of the year, and carrying out seedling throwing work. And fixing the seedling attaching base on the algal reef (mother reef) with a larger individual and throwing the seedling attaching base into the seabed transplanting area. The method has the advantages of controllability, high success rate, capability of obtaining a set target algae planting field, and capability of discharging spores to form a secondary population after the seedlings grow to be mature, thereby realizing secondary proliferation. The hanging lugs are symmetrically arranged at the top of the algal reef, when the algal reef is thrown in, a ship is used for transporting the algal reef to a selected sea area site, the hanging lugs are hooked, the bottom surface of the algal reef is downwards hung by a ship and horizontally placed into the seabed, GPS positioning is carried out when the algal reef is thrown in, position coordinates are recorded, and later-period tracking monitoring and daily management are facilitated. The algae seed vegetables are put in the algal reef and then are fixed by underwater operation of a diver. The fish reef single body is lifted, installed and thrown, and the reef body can be unhooked after falling to the water bottom and does not sink any more. The material of the fixture is selected as a steel bar, and the specification is matched with the size of the algal reef aperture and the algal seedling attachment base. The reason for selecting the steel bars is to facilitate the detachment of the reef body and the attachment base in the future: firstly, if the reinforcing steel bar fixture is not corroded during disassembly, the reinforcing steel bar can be directly taken out to complete disassembly; and secondly, if the steel bar is corroded, the adhesion base is directly knocked off, and the disassembly can be finished.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an artificial algal reef adheres to son reef which characterized in that: the attached reef (2) comprises a substrate layer (21) and a functional layer (22), wherein an embedded groove (23) is formed in the substrate layer (21) or the functional layer (22), a gas generating object (24) is arranged in the embedded groove (23), and a block (25) is arranged at an opening of the embedded groove (23) to realize sealing;
the periphery of the attached sub-reef (2) is also provided with a suspension base (26), the suspension base (26) comprises a connecting rope (261), a base station (262) and a vertical line (263), the connecting rope (261) penetrates through the base station (262), two ends of the connecting rope are fixed in the functional layer (22) or fixed at the joint of the base layer (21) and the functional layer (22), and the base station (262) is in a suspension state;
the functional layer (22) comprises waste shells and one or more of sand, cinder and gravel, wherein the waste shells are arranged on the outermost layer, and shell fragments on the waste shells are exposed or semi-exposed; the components of the gas product (24) comprise one or more of carbonate, bicarbonate and ammonium salt.
2. The utility model provides a do benefit to frame type steel reinforced concrete algal reef of marine alga hyperplasia which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the attached sub-reef (2) comprises a main reef (1) and the attached sub-reef (2) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a groove (11) is formed in the main reef (1), the attached sub-reef (2) is arranged at the groove (11), a through hole is formed in the attached sub-reef (2), and a connecting piece (3) penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the main reef (1);
connecting piece (3) are including joint portion (31), supporting part (32) and extension (33), joint portion (31) set up in recess (11), the one end of supporting part (32) with joint portion (31) are connected, the other end with extension (33) are connected, extension (33) orientation the direction of adhering to reef (2) sets up extension face (311), extension face (311) are the arc.
3. The frame-type steel-concrete algal reef facilitating the proliferation of algae according to claim 2, wherein: and a convex block (30) is arranged at the upper part of the connecting piece (3).
4. The frame-type steel-concrete algal reef facilitating the proliferation of algae according to claim 2, wherein: recess (11) are including first recess (111), boss (112) and second recess (113) that are the linear arrangement, boss (112) set up perforation (114), connecting piece (3) will through-hole, perforation (114) adhere to sub-reef (2) boss (112) are connected.
5. The frame-type steel-concrete algal reef facilitating the proliferation of algae according to claim 3, wherein: set up joint portion (31) and elastic component (34) on connecting piece (3), joint portion (31) set up in recess (11), the one end of elastic component (34) with joint portion (31) are connected, the other end with lug (30) are connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110416590.6A CN113068602B (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to seaweed proliferation and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110416590.6A CN113068602B (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Frame type steel-concrete algal reef beneficial to seaweed proliferation and application thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113068602A CN113068602A (en) | 2021-07-06 |
| CN113068602B true CN113068602B (en) | 2022-09-30 |
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Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01191625A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-08-01 | Toshinori Yamagata | Culture reef for seaweed and use of said reef |
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| CN113068602A (en) | 2021-07-06 |
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