CN113066466A - Audio injection regulation sound design method based on band-limited noise - Google Patents
Audio injection regulation sound design method based on band-limited noise Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a band-limited noise-based audio injection regulation sound design method, which comprises the steps of selecting corresponding alternative regulation sounds from a plurality of band-limited noise types to be respectively superposed with target sounds to obtain a plurality of superposed sounds, and determining the regulation sound type with an annoying reduction effect through audition; superposing the determined regulating sound and the target sound with different signal-to-noise ratios, and determining the signal-to-noise ratio with the optimal effect of reducing the annoyance in a listening test mode; carrying out parameter design on the control sound, and obtaining the control sound parameter which enables the target sound annoyance reduction effect to be optimal through an audition mode; and injecting the optimal regulation sound into the target sound to obtain the superposed sound, extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superposed sound, and establishing a disturbance degree model of the superposed sound. According to the method, based on subjective auditory perception of people, the target sound annoyance is reduced through the audio injection method, and the control sound parameters are optimally designed, so that the effect of the audio injection method is optimized, and the practicability is high; and meanwhile, a disturbance degree model of the superposed sound is given, so that more sound parameter design for regulation and control is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of noise annoyance control, and particularly relates to a parameter design method for controlling the band-limited noise of a tone in an audio injection method.
Background
Noise in an aircraft cabin is an important indicator affecting comfort of passengers, and severe noise in the cabin affects comfort of passengers and pilots. At present, measures for reducing the noise annoyance in the airplane cabin are mainly carried out from two aspects of passive control and active control. In the existing method, the passive control low-frequency noise reduction effect is poor, and the active control method has a narrow action frequency band.
The audio injection method is different from the two methods, and achieves the effect of reducing the original noise annoyance by adding the artificially adjustable audible sound according to the energy masking effect when the sounds are overlapped. In the audio injection method, the original noise is also called a target sound, and the artificially added sound is called a control sound. The selection of the regulation sound type is the key in the research of the audio injection method. The target sound has various types, and the selectable types of the control sound have certain limitation aiming at the characteristics of the target sound, so that the problem that effective control sound cannot be found in practice occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a band-limited noise-based audio injection control sound design method, when the selection of the type of control sound is limited, the frequency spectrum characteristic parameters of the control sound can be considered to be changed, so that the purpose of audio injection noise reduction is achieved; and an adaptive scheme for rapidly suppressing the noise in the cabin of the airplane under different working conditions can be designed based on the method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the band-limited noise-based audio injection regulation sound design method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a target sound sample;
step 2: determining several types of band-limited noise that can be used to adjust the target sound as a regulatory sound alternative;
and step 3: overlapping various types of alternative regulating sounds with the target sound respectively to obtain a plurality of overlapped sounds, and determining the regulating sound type with the annoyance reducing effect by auditioning the overlapped sounds;
and 4, step 4: superposing the regulating and controlling sound determined in the step (3) with the target sound at different signal-to-noise ratios, and determining the signal-to-noise ratio with the optimal effect of reducing the annoyance in a listening mode;
and 5: carrying out parameter design on the control sound: obtaining a plurality of new regulation sounds by changing the regulation sound parameters determined in the step 3; superposing the obtained new regulating and controlling sound with the target sound according to the signal-to-noise ratio determined in the step 4; obtaining a regulation sound parameter which enables the target sound annoyance reduction effect to be optimal through a listening trial mode; the regulating and controlling sound parameters comprise a bandwidth overlapping rate with the target sound and a power spectrum slope of the regulating and controlling sound;
step 6: injecting the optimized regulated sound obtained in the step 5 into target sound to obtain superposed sound, extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superposed sound, and establishing a disturbance degree model of the superposed sound according to the psychoacoustic parameters;
and 7: when other regulation and control sound parameters are considered to be optimized, the regulation and control sound with changed parameters is directly injected into the target sound, the superposed sound parameters are extracted and substituted into the annoyance degree model established in the step 6 for calculation, and the required regulation and control sound parameter optimization is realized by using the calculation result.
Further, the bandwidth overlapping rate δ indicates the degree of overlapping of the target sound and the control sound bandwidth:
wherein: f. of1、f2The upper and lower frequency limits of the overlapped part of the target sound and the superposed sound frequency spectrum are set; f. ofT1、fT2Upper and lower limits of frequency, f, of part of a set of target acoustic energyA1、fA2The upper and lower frequency limits of the part of the acoustic energy set are regulated and controlled.
Further, in step 1, cabin noise of a certain type of airplane in a certain flight phase is collected as a target sound sample.
Further, the annoyance model established in step 6 is the annoyance model of the corresponding type of airplane in the flight phase; and (4) respectively repeating the steps 1-6 to establish corresponding annoyance degree models for different flying airplanes and different flying stages.
Furthermore, in the whole flight process of the airplane, corresponding regulation and control sound parameters are obtained according to the annoyance degree models established in different airplane stages, and the regulation and control sound is output through the sound equipment on the airplane, so that the suppression of the noise annoyance in the cabin is realized.
Further, the audition mode adopted in step 3, step 4 and step 5 is as follows: and selecting the required number of the tested objects to perform a subjective listening experiment, performing validity check on the evaluated data of the tested objects, and removing invalid data.
Further, the validity test includes cluster analysis, score range analysis, false positive analysis, and/or correlation analysis.
Advantageous effects
According to the method, based on subjective auditory perception of people, the target sound annoyance is reduced through the audio injection method, and the control sound parameters are optimally designed, so that the effect of the audio injection method is optimized, and the practicability is high; meanwhile, a superimposed sound annoyance degree model is given, more sound regulation and control parameter designs are facilitated, the problem that the sound regulation and control types are limited is solved, and then an adaptive scheme for rapidly suppressing the noise in the cabin under different working conditions of the airplane can be designed.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1: the flow chart of the invention;
FIG. 2: adjusting and controlling a sound frequency spectrogram;
FIG. 3: annoyance of superimposed sounds with different signal-to-noise ratios;
FIG. 4: regulating and controlling sound and target sound frequency spectrum overlapping graph;
FIG. 5: the bandwidth overlaps different superimposed noise annoyances; (a) δ is 0.67, (b) δ is 0.51, (c) δ is 0.34, (d) δ is 0.17;
FIG. 6: the annoyance of superimposed sounds with different power spectrum slopes; (a) original control sound, (b) kP(ii) +3 dB/octave, (c) kP-3 dB/octave, (d) kP-6 dB/octave.
Detailed Description
According to the principle of an audio injection method, the invention aims at the parameter design when the control sound is band-limited noise (noise with a noise spectrum in a limited range), and optimizes the parameters (signal-to-noise ratio, bandwidth overlapping rate and control sound power spectrum slope) by selecting a proper band-limited noise type, so that the effect of audio injection is optimal. And obtaining the disturbance degree score of the superposed sound through a subjective evaluation experiment, and establishing a disturbance degree model of the superposed sound. Aiming at different flight conditions of the airplane, a noise superposition degree model can be respectively established, more possible sound regulation and control parameter designs can be conveniently and pertinently carried out, and therefore the noise in the airplane cabin at each stage can be effectively controlled.
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a target sound sample by using a sound collection system;
step 2: determining several types of band-limited noise (including natural sound and artificial synthetic band-limited sound) which can be used for adjusting the target sound as alternative sound for regulation;
and step 3: overlapping various types of alternative regulating sounds with the target sound respectively to obtain a plurality of overlapped sounds, and determining the regulating sound type with the annoyance reducing effect by auditioning the overlapped sounds;
and 4, step 4: superposing the regulating and controlling sound determined in the step (3) with the target sound at different signal-to-noise ratios, and determining the signal-to-noise ratio with the optimal effect of reducing the annoyance in a listening mode;
and 5: carrying out parameter design on the control sound: obtaining a plurality of new regulation sounds by changing the regulation sound parameters determined in the step 3; superposing the obtained new regulating and controlling sound with the target sound according to the signal-to-noise ratio determined in the step 4; obtaining a regulation sound parameter which enables the target sound annoyance reduction effect to be optimal through a listening trial mode; the regulating and controlling sound parameters comprise a bandwidth overlapping rate with the target sound and a power spectrum slope of the regulating and controlling sound;
step 6: injecting the optimized regulated sound obtained in the step 5 into target sound to obtain superposed sound, extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superposed sound, and establishing a disturbance degree model of the superposed sound according to the psychoacoustic parameters;
and 7: when other regulation and control sound parameters are considered to be optimized, the regulation and control sound with changed parameters is directly injected into the target sound, the superposed sound parameters are extracted and substituted into the annoyance degree model established in the step 6 for calculation, and the required regulation and control sound parameter optimization is realized by using the calculation result.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
(1) And obtaining a target sound sample of a certain civil aircraft in a stable flight state through a sound acquisition system.
(2) Alternative types of modulated sounds are determined, including natural sounds and artificially synthesized sounds, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Regulation of Acoustic alternative types
(3) The alternative regulation and control sound and the target sound are superposed and auditioned, the regulation and control sound type suitable for regulating the target sound is selected from the alternative regulation and control sound, the wind sound in nature is selected finally, the target sound annoyance is better reduced, and the regulation and control sound frequency spectrum diagram is shown in fig. 2.
(4) The target sound is used as a signal, the regulation sound is used as noise, the noise with different proportions is injected into the signal, the regulation sound and the target sound are superposed with different signal-to-noise ratios, and superposed sound with different signal-to-noise ratios is obtained; 24 tested persons are recruited to carry out listening tests, and the annoyance of the superposed sounds with different signal-to-noise ratios is subjectively evaluated. And (5) after the experiment is finished, sorting and analyzing the experiment result, and removing invalid data, wherein the result is shown in figure 3.
(5) The optimal signal-to-noise ratio is obtained to be +9 dB. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out parameter design on the control sound from two aspects, changing the frequency spectrum overlapping degree of the control sound and the target sound on the one hand, defining the overlapping degree of the frequency spectrum as a bandwidth overlapping rate delta, indicating the overlapping degree of the target sound and the control sound bandwidth, and expressing the overlapping degree by the following formula:
wherein: f. of1、f2-upper and lower frequency limits of the overlapping part of the target sound and the superimposed sound spectrum;
fT1、fT2-upper and lower frequency limits of the portion of the target set of acoustic energy;
fA1、fA2-regulating the upper and lower frequency limits of the portion of the acoustic energy ensemble.
As can be calculated from the above equation, the bandwidth overlap ratio of the target sound and the control sound without parameter optimization is δ equal to 0.67, the control sound is passed through a filter to filter out the high frequency part of the control sound, the low frequency part is retained, the bandwidth overlap ratios are δ equal to 0.51, δ equal to 0.34 and δ equal to 0.17, respectively, and the frequency spectrum overlap condition of the target sound and the control sound is shown in fig. 4 (a); on the other hand, the power spectrum slope K of the regulating sound is changedpChanging the power spectrum slope of the control sound to Kp-3 dB/octave, +3 dB/octave and Kp-6 dB/octave, where KpA schematic of +3 dB/octave is shown in fig. 4 (b).
Through the change of the two kinds of frequency spectrum characteristics, 6 kinds of new regulation and control sounds are generated, and as shown in table 2, the 6 kinds of new regulation and control sounds are respectively superposed with the target sound with the optimal signal-to-noise ratio for subjective experiments.
TABLE 2 design of regulatory acoustic parameters
The 24 persons were recruited to perform listening tests, the annoyance evaluation of the target sounds injected with different control sounds was performed, the subjective experimental data was counted and analyzed, the invalid data was removed, and the final results are shown in fig. 5 and 6.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the overlapped sound is obtained by changing the overlapping degree of the target sound and the control sound, and the annoyance of the overlapped sound is lower than that of the target sound to a certain extent, but before and after the overlapping degree is changed, the annoyance of the overlapped sound is not changed greatly, so that the annoyance adjustment capability of the control sound on the target sound cannot be improved significantly by changing the spectrum overlapping degree, and the change of the spectrum overlapping rate is not the optimal choice for parameter optimization.
As can be seen from FIG. 6, the slope k of the power spectrumP+3 dB/octave sum kPWhen the frequency is minus 6 dB/octave, the regulated and controlled sound has a certain regulating effect on the target sound, but the regulating effect is not different from the original regulated and controlled sound; k is a radical ofPWhen the frequency is-3 dB/octave, the annoyance of changing the power spectrum superposed sound is obviously lower than that of the target sound, and compared with the original regulating and controlling sound, the regulating effect is obvious, namely, on the basis of the original regulating and controlling sound, the slope of the power spectrum is changed into kPWhen the frequency is equal to-3 dB/octave, the regulated sound has better effect of reducing the annoyance, namely, the change of the slope of the regulated sound power spectrum is the optimal choice for the optimization of the regulated sound parameters.
Of course, the method of filtering the low frequency part and retaining the high frequency part, or any filtering method may be adopted; the bandwidth overlapping rate can be changed arbitrarily; the power spectrum slope of the modulated sound can be varied arbitrarily.
(6) Injecting the adjusted and controlled sound with the optimized parameters into the target sound to obtain the superposed sound, extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superposed sound, including loudness L, sharpness S and fluctuation intensity F, and establishing a disturbance degree model of the superposed sound as follows:
yC＝0.378L+0.095S-0.407F+1.747 (2)
when the control sound parameters of other possibilities are discussed to be optimized, the control sound with changed parameters can be directly injected into the target sound, the superposed sound parameters are extracted and substituted into the model to calculate the annoyance degree, and the annoyance degree score is not required to be obtained through a subjective experiment. Of course, the above model is only suitable for the cruising condition of the civil aircraft. For different airplanes and different flight stages, corresponding annoyance models need to be established respectively. In the whole flight process of the airplane, corresponding regulating and controlling sound parameters can be obtained according to the annoyance degree models established in different airplane stages, and the noise annoyance in the cabin can be suppressed by outputting the regulating and controlling sound through sound equipment on the airplane.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A design method of audio injection regulation sound based on band-limited noise is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a target sound sample;
step 2: determining several types of band-limited noise that can be used to adjust the target sound as a regulatory sound alternative;
and step 3: overlapping various types of alternative regulating sounds with the target sound respectively to obtain a plurality of overlapped sounds, and determining the regulating sound type with the annoyance reducing effect by auditioning the overlapped sounds;
and 4, step 4: superposing the regulating and controlling sound determined in the step (3) with the target sound at different signal-to-noise ratios, and determining the signal-to-noise ratio with the optimal effect of reducing the annoyance in a listening mode;
and 5: carrying out parameter design on the control sound: obtaining a plurality of new regulation sounds by changing the regulation sound parameters determined in the step 3; superposing the obtained new regulating and controlling sound with the target sound according to the signal-to-noise ratio determined in the step 4; obtaining a regulation sound parameter which enables the target sound annoyance reduction effect to be optimal through a listening trial mode; the regulating and controlling sound parameters comprise a bandwidth overlapping rate with the target sound and a power spectrum slope of the regulating and controlling sound;
step 6: injecting the optimized regulated sound obtained in the step 5 into target sound to obtain superposed sound, extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superposed sound, and establishing a disturbance degree model of the superposed sound according to the psychoacoustic parameters;
and 7: when other regulation and control sound parameters are considered to be optimized, the regulation and control sound with changed parameters is directly injected into the target sound, the superposed sound parameters are extracted and substituted into the annoyance degree model established in the step 6 for calculation, and the required regulation and control sound parameter optimization is realized by using the calculation result.
2. The band-limited noise based audio injection regulation sound design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bandwidth overlapping rate delta refers to the degree of overlapping of target sound and regulation sound bandwidth:
wherein: f. of1、f2The upper and lower frequency limits of the overlapped part of the target sound and the superposed sound frequency spectrum are set; f. ofT1、fT2Upper and lower limits of frequency, f, of part of a set of target acoustic energyA1、fA2The upper and lower frequency limits of the part of the acoustic energy set are regulated and controlled.
3. The band-limited noise based audio injection regulation sound design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 1, cabin noise of a certain type of airplane in a certain flight stage is collected as a target sound sample.
4. The band-limited noise based audio injection regulation sound design method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the annoyance degree model established in the step 6 is the annoyance degree model of the corresponding type airplane in the flight phase; and (4) respectively repeating the steps 1-6 to establish corresponding annoyance degree models for different flying airplanes and different flying stages.
5. The band-limited noise based audio injection regulation sound design method according to claim 4, characterized in that: aiming at the problem that the airplane can not be subjected to noise disturbance in the cabin, the corresponding regulation and control sound parameters are obtained according to the disturbance degree models established in different airplane stages in the whole flying process of the airplane, and the regulation and control sound is output through the sound equipment on the airplane, so that the noise disturbance in the cabin is restrained.
6. The band-limited noise based audio injection regulation sound design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the audition mode adopted in the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 is as follows: and selecting the required number of the tested objects to perform a subjective listening experiment, performing validity check on the evaluated data of the tested objects, and removing invalid data.
7. The band-limited noise based audio injection regulation sound design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the validity check includes cluster analysis, score range analysis, false positive analysis, and/or correlation analysis.
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