CN113062486B - Tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping - Google Patents
Tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping Download PDFInfo
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- CN113062486B CN113062486B CN202110332239.9A CN202110332239A CN113062486B CN 113062486 B CN113062486 B CN 113062486B CN 202110332239 A CN202110332239 A CN 202110332239A CN 113062486 B CN113062486 B CN 113062486B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field related to passive vibration control and discloses a tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping. The damper is provided with a spring, a ball screw transmission mechanism, a flywheel and a motor in sequence in the axial direction, wherein when the spring is compressed, the ball screw transmission mechanism is driven to perform linear motion; the ball screw transmission mechanism is used for converting the linear motion of the ball screw transmission mechanism into the rotary motion of a flywheel, and the flywheel is used for generating inertia force; the motor is connected with the flywheel, the flywheel rotates to drive the motor to rotate, and electromagnetic damping force is generated through electromagnetic induction effect; the inertia force, the electromagnetic damping force and the friction damping force generated when the ball screw transmission mechanism performs linear motion are transmitted to the spring, and the natural vibration frequency of the damper is changed through the tuning effect of the spring. The tuning of the viscous inertial mass damper is realized through the tuning method, and the tuning method has higher robustness and better vibration control performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field related to vibration control, and particularly relates to a tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping.
Background
With the continuous development of building construction technology and the continuous improvement of building design theory, people build a large number of large buildings (such as super high-rise buildings, large-span bridges and the like) due to the requirements of actual production and construction. Due to overlarge space scale, the buildings often have relatively high flexibility, and are easy to vibrate greatly under the action of earthquake and wind load, so that the safety and normal use functions of the buildings are threatened, and high economic loss is caused. Various methods have been studied to control the vibration of structures in order to ensure the normal progress of production and life, and energy dissipation using dampers is an important method, and Tuned Mass Dampers (TMD) have been used in many buildings, such as the offshore central buildings.
TMD has the disadvantage that huge mass needs to be arranged in the structure to achieve the damping effect, and in the example of the above sea center building, the mass of the TMD mass block is as high as 1100 tons, so that the huge mass correspondingly needs a large installation space, the installation cost is high, and the maintenance difficulty is large. Inertial-mass dampers (Inerter-based dampers) can theoretically generate inertial force with similar mechanical effect to the actual mass, which provides a possibility for overcoming the defect that TMD requires huge mass; a tuned viscous inertial mass damper (TVMD) is an inertial mass damper, and a mechanical model of the TVMD is that an inertial mass unit and a viscous damping unit are connected in parallel and then are connected with a rigidity unit in series. CN201911268919.8 discloses a continuously variable transmission and a semi-active tuned viscous inertia damper, wherein the mentioned viscous damping force of TVMD is provided by viscous oil and the risk of oil leakage is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping, wherein a flywheel and a motor are connected in series to form the parallel connection of electromagnetic damping force, inertia force and friction damping force, and then are connected in series with a spring to form three damping forces, so that the tuning of the viscous inertial mass damper is integrally realized, and the tuned viscous inertial mass damper has higher robustness and better vibration control performance.
To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping, which is provided with a spring, a ball screw transmission mechanism, a flywheel, and a motor in this order in an axial direction thereof, wherein,
the spring is connected with the ball screw transmission mechanism, and when the spring is compressed, a ball nut of the ball screw transmission mechanism is driven to perform linear motion; the ball screw transmission mechanism is connected with the flywheel and is used for converting the linear motion of a ball nut of the ball screw transmission mechanism into the rotary motion of the flywheel, and the rotation of the flywheel is used for providing inertial mass and generating inertial damping force; the motor is connected with the flywheel, the flywheel rotates to drive the motor to rotate, and electromagnetic damping force is generated through electromagnetic induction effect; the inertial damping force, the electromagnetic damping force and the friction damping force generated when the ball screw transmission mechanism moves linearly are transmitted to the spring, and the natural vibration frequency of the damper is changed through the tuning effect of the spring.
Further preferably, a speed increaser is arranged between the ball screw transmission mechanism and the flywheel and used for increasing the rotating speed of the flywheel so as to increase the inertial damping force generated by the rotation of the flywheel and the electromagnetic damping force generated by the rotation of the motor.
Further preferably, the flywheel is made of corrosion-resistant metal materials, so that the change of inertial damping force caused by the change of the mass of the flywheel in the use process is avoided.
Further preferably, the ball screw transmission mechanism includes a push rod, a ball screw and a ball nut, the push rod is connected to the spring, when the spring is compressed, the push rod is pushed to perform linear motion, the push rod and the ball screw are connected through the ball nut, and the linear motion of the push rod is converted into the rotational motion of the ball screw through the ball nut.
Further preferably, the motor is a direct current motor, and the induced voltage of the direct current motor has a linear relation with the vibration speed of the damper.
Further preferably, the connection between the flywheel and the motor is through the connection between the rotating shaft of the flywheel and the rotating shaft of the motor, and the rotating shaft of the flywheel drives the rotating shaft of the motor to rotate when rotating.
Further preferably, the ball screw is connected with the speed increaser, and the flywheel is connected with the motor through a coupling.
Further preferably, both ends of the spring are provided with connecting pieces for fixing the spring.
Further preferably, a bearing support is further provided in the damper for supporting the ball screw.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the flywheel and the motor are connected in series to form the parallel connection of the electromagnetic damping force, the inertia force and the friction damping force, and then are connected in series with the spring to form three damping forces, and the flywheel can generate an inertia mass coefficient m which is tens of thousands of times of the self mass through rotation e The direct current motor converts vibration energy into electric energy through rapid rotation and generates electromagnetic damping c em The spring can realize the tuning effect, the tuning of the viscous inertia damper is integrally realized, and the viscous inertia damper has higher robustness and better vibration control performance;
2. the ball screw mechanism converts linear motion into rotary rotation, the speed increaser improves the rotating speed of the flywheel, the actual mass required for generating the same inertia damping force is greatly reduced, tens of tons of inertia mass can be simulated by hundreds of grams of flywheel, the required volume of the device is reduced, and the vibration energy input brought by the device is also reduced;
3. the direct current motor can convert the vibration energy of the structure into electric energy, has high energy conversion efficiency, can collect the electric energy above watt level under the normal structure vibration condition, and has the capability of combining with a structure health monitoring system and a wireless sensing system and independently providing the electric energy for the systems; in addition, the direct current motor adopts a Faraday electromagnetic induction principle, the induced voltage of the direct current motor has a good linear relation with the vibration speed of the structure, and the direct current motor can be used as a speed sensor;
4. the viscous damping force is provided by the electromagnetic damping force, viscous oil is not needed, the problem of oil leakage cannot be caused, the electromagnetic damping force has a good linear relation with the vibration speed of the structure, the electromagnetic viscous damping coefficient of the device is accurately adjusted by changing the speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing machine, the electrical constant of the motor, the external resistance of the motor and other parameters, and the device has an accurate mechanical model and is convenient to analyze and design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
figure 2 is a mechanical model schematic of a tuned viscous inertial mass damper constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
1-connecting piece, 2-motor, 3-coupler, 4-flywheel, 5-speed increaser, 6-bearing support, 7-ball nut, 8-ball screw, 9-push rod and 10-spring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping comprises a connecting piece 1, a motor 2, a coupling 3, a flywheel 4, a speed increaser 5, a bearing support 6, a ball nut 7, a ball screw 8, a push rod 9 and a spring 10. Wherein:
in the embodiment, the connecting piece 1 is used for being connected with an external building, and the interface is in a screw rod connection mode, so that the installation and the disassembly are convenient; the push rod 9 is used for connecting the connecting piece 1 and the ball nut 7. The bearing support 6 is used for supporting and limiting the ball screw 8; the ball nut 7 and the ball screw 8 are ball screw mechanisms with adaptive structure and size, and can convert linear motion into rotary motion; the rotating ball screw 8 is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the speed increaser 5 by the coupler 3, so that the transmission of the rotating motion is realized; the speed increaser 5 can increase the rotating speed to obtain higher inertial mass and electromagnetic damping force; the flywheel 4 can provide inertial mass and generate inertial damping force; the coupling 3 is used for connecting the flywheel 4 and the motor 2; the motor 2 adopts a direct current motor, and converts kinetic energy into electric energy through an electromagnetic induction principle, so that the dissipation of structural energy and the control of vibration are realized; the spring 10 serves as a stiffness unit of the damper, and the connecting member 1 is fixed to both ends.
Preferably, the external connecting piece 1 has extremely high application adaptability, can be fixedly connected with various external building structures, and enlarges the application range of the invention.
Preferably, the ball nut 7 and the ball screw 8 can realize the function of converting linear motion into rotary motion, and the guide mechanism plays an auxiliary role in realizing the function.
Preferably, the speed increaser 5 increases the rotation speed of the ball screw 8, so that the flywheel can rotate at high speed to consume energy.
Preferably, the flywheel 4 is a cylinder made of a corrosion-resistant high-density metal material.
Preferably, the motor 2 may convert the vibration energy into electric energy according to the faraday electromagnetic induction principle and generate an electromagnetic damping force.
Preferably, the springs 10 can be chosen in other quantities and forms, so as to maintain a certain stiffness and to satisfy the stability requirements during long-term operation.
The invention provides a tuned viscous inertial mass damper (TVMD) with electromagnetic damping, which is a novel structural vibration device. The ball screw mechanism converts the motion of the connecting piece into rotation, the speed increaser 5 increases the rotating speed, and the flywheel 4 can generate an inertia mass coefficient m which is tens of thousands times of the self mass through rotation e The motor 2 converts the vibration energy into electric energy by rapid rotation and generates electromagnetic damping c em The spring may perform a tuning function.
Fig. 2 is a mechanical model schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein the expression of the damping force is:
wherein m is e Is the inerter coefficient of TVMD, c em Is the electromagnetic viscous damping coefficient, c m Is the mechanical damping coefficient and k is the overall stiffness of the spring.
The flywheel referred to in the present invention can simulate an inertial mass of several tens of tons by a flywheel of several hundred grams, as will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Taking a flywheel with a diameter of 10cm and a thickness of 1cm as an example, assuming a density of 7.85g/cm 3 The inertia mass of the flywheel can be calculated according to the mechanical structure of the device by the following formula:
wherein, λ is the transmission efficiency of the ball screw, taking 0.9 as an example; n is g Taking 4 as an example, the speed-increasing ratio of the speed-increasing machine is shown; l is the lead of the ball screw, for example 0.005 m; i is f The moment of inertia of the flywheel is calculated according to the moment of inertia calculation formula of the cylinder,
I m the moment of inertia of the motor is ignored. By substituting the above parameters, the
And the actual mass of the flywheel is m ═ ρ (π r) 2 ×h)＝7.85×3.14×5 2 The x 1 is 616g, so that the flywheel with the weight of only about 600g can generate 21.6 tons of inertial mass, and the actual mass and the installation space required by the damper are greatly reduced, which fully explains the superiority of the damping device.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping is characterized in that a spring (10), a ball screw transmission mechanism, a flywheel (4) and a motor (2) are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the damper, wherein,
the spring (10) is connected with the ball screw transmission mechanism, and when the spring (10) is compressed, the ball screw transmission mechanism is driven to perform linear motion; the ball screw transmission mechanism is connected with the flywheel (4) and is used for converting the linear motion of the ball screw transmission mechanism into the rotary motion of the flywheel, and the rotation of the flywheel (4) is used for providing inertial mass and generating inertial force; the motor (2) is connected with the flywheel (4), the flywheel (4) rotates to drive the motor to rotate, and electromagnetic damping force is generated through an electromagnetic induction effect; the inertia force, the electromagnetic damping force and the friction damping force generated when the ball screw transmission mechanism moves linearly are transmitted to the spring (10), and the natural vibration frequency of the damper is changed through the tuning effect of the spring;
the ball screw transmission mechanism comprises a push rod (9), a ball screw (8) and a ball nut (7), the push rod (9) is connected with the spring (10), when the spring is compressed, the push rod (9) is pushed to perform linear motion, the push rod (9) is connected with the ball screw through the ball nut (7), and the linear motion of the push rod is converted into the rotary motion of the ball screw through the ball nut;
a speed increaser (5) is arranged between the ball screw transmission mechanism and the flywheel (4) and is used for increasing the rotating speed of the flywheel so as to increase the inertia force generated by the rotation of the flywheel and the electromagnetic damping force generated by the rotation of the motor; the flywheel (4) is connected with the motor (2) through a connection between a rotating shaft of the flywheel and a rotating shaft of the motor, and the rotating shaft of the flywheel drives the rotating shaft of the motor to rotate when rotating; the ball screw (8) is connected with the speed increaser (5) and the flywheel is connected with the motor through couplings;
the flywheel and the motor are connected in series to form the parallel connection of the electromagnetic damping force, the inertia force and the friction damping force, and then are connected in series with the spring to form three damping forces.
2. A tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that the flywheel (4) is made of a corrosion resistant metal material.
3. A tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor (2) is a dc motor with a linear relationship between the induced voltage and the vibration velocity of the damper.
4. A tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring (10) is provided with connectors (1) at both ends for fixing the spring.
5. A tuned viscous inertial mass damper with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that a bearing support (6) is also provided in the damper for supporting the ball screw (8).
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| CN114151496A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-03-08 | 西安工业大学 | Electromagnetic magneto-rheological inertia mass damper |
| CN115574046A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-01-06 | 北京工业大学 | Tuning type torsion inertial volume damper |
| CN115596795B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2024-06-14 | 重庆大学 | Viscous inertia damper |
| CN115749032B (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-05-24 | 重庆交通大学 | Displacement and acceleration grading double-control hybrid damper |
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