CN113061789A - Light ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113061789A CN113061789A CN202110141402.3A CN202110141402A CN113061789A CN 113061789 A CN113061789 A CN 113061789A CN 202110141402 A CN202110141402 A CN 202110141402A CN 113061789 A CN113061789 A CN 113061789A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved
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Abstract
The invention relates to a light ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection, which is characterized in that: the thickness of the aluminum net is 0.03 mm-0.05 mm, the breadth is more than 1000mm, a plurality of meshes are arranged on the aluminum net, the meshes are arranged into two adjacent rows of meshes in a staggered arrangement, and the aluminum net adopts the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.05% Cu; 0.01-0.03% of Nb; the total content of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.06 percent, and the balance is Al. The aluminum-proof net has the advantages of flexible and convenient preparation method, uniform meshes and adjustable size, effectively reduces the difficulty and weight of the preparation process of lightning-proof nets, and solves the technical problems of overlarge density of copper nets, complex process of punching aluminum nets, narrow width and poor uniformity in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of materials, and particularly relates to a light ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection and a preparation method thereof.
Background
According to statistics, when the airplane flies, the airplane is subjected to lightning stroke once every 3000 hours, electric arcs are swept to the surface of the airplane during the lightning stroke, and under the action of the electric arcs, firstly, a surface matrix is ablated and evaporated. Due to high voltage, large current and rapid temperature rise, when the temperature rises to a certain critical temperature, the structure is finally damaged, and phenomena such as ablation, combustion, peeling and the like occur, so that the flight accident of the airplane is caused. The helicopter has the highest probability of lightning stroke, namely a rotor wing, and then a body protruding part, such as a nose, a short wing, an oblique beam, a horizontal tail wing tip and the like. Lightning strikes can cause serious damage to helicopter airframe structures, fuel systems, and electrical systems. Therefore, it is important to design a safe and reliable lightning protection net for flight safety. To provide lightning strike protection to the aircraft, an addition of a metal conductor or a metallic netting of different construction may be attached to the composite outer surface to provide superior electrical conductivity to disperse and divert current away from the attachment site, thereby eliminating or reducing damage from the lightning strike event.
At present, the common lightning protection metal nets at home and abroad are mainly metal punching and stretching nets, and the materials are mainly copper or aluminum. Because the density of copper is big, copper mesh weight is big for the whole weight increase of aircraft is too much, is unfavorable for requirements such as mobility promotion and lightweight design of aircraft. Although the existing aluminum mesh has the advantages of small density and light weight, the preparation process is complex because the preparation process of the aluminum mesh is complex and needs processes such as stamping, stretching, pressing by a precise leveling machine and the like. And the requirement on the preparation precision of processing equipment such as aluminum net stamping and stretching is high, the assembly process is complex, the processing size of the aluminum net is limited, and the width of the aluminum net is usually less than 1 meter. When the aluminum mesh is used for lightning protection meshes of airplanes, a plurality of aluminum meshes are often required to be connected into a whole by lapping metal wires, and the lapping resistance ratio of the metal wires for the aluminum meshes is large, so that the conductivity is reduced, and the lightning protection effect is poor. And because the aluminum net is very thin and has fine net wires and low strength of aluminum, the aluminum net is easy to have the problems of wire breakage, hole breakage and the like in the stamping and stretching process and has the defects of poor uniformity and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a light and ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection and a preparation method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art. In order to meet the requirements of an advanced airplane on good lightning protection capability, light weight and the like, the copper-containing aluminum mesh for preventing lightning stroke is light and ultra-wide, the width of the aluminum mesh is large enough, overlapping between meshes can be avoided, and good lightning protection capability is guaranteed.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the copper-containing aluminum net for light ultra-wide lightning protection is characterized in that the thickness of the aluminum net is 0.03-0.05 mm, the width of the aluminum net is greater than 1000mm, a plurality of meshes are arranged on the aluminum net, the meshes are arranged in staggered arrangement of two adjacent rows of meshes, and the aluminum net comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.05% Cu; 0.01-0.03% of Nb; the total content of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.06 percent, and the balance is Al.
The aluminum foil material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.05% Cu; 0.012-0.023% of Nb; the total content of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.06 percent, and the balance is Al.
The mesh shape is quadrilateral, elliptical or other shapes.
The long pitch of the meshes is 2.21 mm-2.40 mm, and the short pitch is 1.46 mm-1.96 mm.
The preparation method of the copper-containing aluminum net for light ultra-wide lightning protection comprises the following steps:
1) the aluminum foil is prepared by the steps of proportioning, smelting, rough rolling, intermediate annealing, rolling and precision rolling of pure aluminum, pure copper and pure niobium raw materials according to a formula. Placing the aluminum foil on a platform, and tensioning the aluminum foil by applying a tensioning force of 5-10N in the length direction by adopting an automatic winding and unwinding machine;
2) laser cutting, wherein laser parameters of a laser cutting machine are adjusted, the cutting speed is 12-18 mm/s, the repetition frequency is 1.3-1.7 kHz, the power ratio is 80-90%, and the air pressure is 0.6-1.0 Mpa under the condition of nitrogen, the surface of an aluminum foil is cut, so that a plurality of meshes are arranged on the aluminum foil, and the meshes are arranged in staggered arrangement of meshes of two adjacent rows to obtain a light aluminum foil;
3) and (3) pickling the light aluminum net for 3 minutes at room temperature, and then cleaning the light aluminum net by flowing warm water and cold water to obtain the light ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection.
The washing liquid of the acid washing in the step 4) is dilute nitric acid liquid, and the formula of the washing liquid is concentrated nitric acid 3%; and (7) water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the preparation method of the light ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection is simple and convenient, and the light ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection with uniform and good meshes is prepared by controlling laser processing parameters through a computer.
2. The aluminum foil material disclosed by the invention contains 0.03-0.05% of Cu, and aims to achieve a solid solution strengthening effect and improve the strength and the forming performance of an aluminum net; too low Cu strengthening effect is insufficient, but too high Cu affects the electrical conductivity of the aluminum foil. The purpose of adding 0.01-0.03% of Nb in the aluminum foil material is to improve the strength of the aluminum foil and improve the service performance of the aluminum mesh; too low Nb strengthening effect is poor, but too high Nb affects the conductivity of the aluminum mesh. The good matching of trace Cu and Nb can improve the strength and the processability of the aluminum mesh on the basis of ensuring the conductivity of the aluminum mesh. The total content of the impurity element S, P is less than or equal to 0.06 percent, and aims to improve the plasticity of the aluminum material and the processing and forming performance of the aluminum foil.
3. The preparation method is simple and convenient in preparation process, short in time and capable of realizing rapid preparation. The laser processing parameters are controlled by a computer, so that meshes of the prepared aluminum net are uniform, the size, the distribution and the like can be regulated and controlled by changing the parameters, the difficulty and the weight of the preparation process of the lightning protection net are effectively reduced, and the technical problems of overlarge density and heavy weight of a copper net, complex punching process of the aluminum net, narrow width and poor uniformity in the prior art are solved.
The light and ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection, which is prepared by the method, has the characteristics of good lightning protection capability, light weight and the like, and can meet the requirement that an airplane has good lightning protection capability; the thickness of the common aluminum net is about 0.1mm, but the aluminum net is only 0.03 mm-0.050 mm, and the equivalent area of the aluminum net is much lighter than that of the common aluminum net, so that the aluminum net has the advantage of light weight and is more suitable for the requirement of lightening and thinning of the lightning protection net by an airplane; the material of the invention can be used for producing the aluminum net with the width of more than 1m, and the aluminum net has the advantages of uniform meshes and large net width.
The aluminum mesh has the advantages of uniform and consistent conductivity and large mesh width, and is used for reducing the influence of interface contact resistance on the lightning protection capability of the metal mesh. In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient preparation process, short preparation flow and the like, and can quickly prepare the high-quality wide and high-quality lightning-proof aluminum mesh.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a copper-containing aluminum mesh for light weight, ultra-wide lightning protection according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated and described by the following detailed description.
Example 1
The preparation method of the copper-containing aluminum net for light ultra-wide lightning protection comprises the following steps:
(1) the aluminum foil is prepared by the steps of proportioning, smelting, rough rolling, intermediate annealing, rolling and precision rolling of pure aluminum, pure copper and pure niobium raw materials according to the proportion of 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.012 percent of Nb and the balance of Al.
(2) Placing an aluminum foil to be processed on a cutting processing platform, and applying 5-10N of tension force to two sides in the length direction by adopting an automatic winding and unwinding machine;
(3) cutting by using precise laser cutting; the laser parameters of the laser cutting machine are adjusted, the cutting speed is 15mm/s, the repetition frequency is 1.5kHz, the power ratio is 85 percent, and the auxiliary air pressure is 0.8 MPa. Adjusting a laser cutting path, cutting the surface of the aluminum foil, and obtaining a light aluminum mesh with uniform meshes on the surface of the aluminum foil;
(4) the light aluminum mesh was acid-washed with an acid wash (formulation: concentrated nitric acid 3%, water 97%) at room temperature for 3 minutes, and immediately washed with running warm and cold water to remove residual acid.
The thickness of the light super-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning stroke prevention prepared by the method is 0.035mm, the long pitch a is 2.23mm, the short pitch b is 1.47mm, the width is 1050mm, and the meshes are uniform.
The resistance of an aluminum mesh of 50mm × 350mm was measured in the long pitch direction and the short pitch direction, respectively, and then converted into the resistance per unit area. Resistance of 7.2m omega/m in long pitch direction of aluminum mesh2Short pitch direction resistance of 27.3m omega/m2. The weight of the aluminum mesh with the area of 50mm multiplied by 350mm is tested, and the surface density of the aluminum mesh converted into the unit area is 23g/m2。
Example 2
The aluminum foil is prepared by the steps of proportioning, smelting, rough rolling, intermediate annealing, rolling and precision rolling of pure aluminum, pure copper and pure niobium raw materials according to the proportion of 0.04% of Cu, 0.015% of Nb and the balance of Al. The above aluminum foil material was used to prepare a lightweight ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum mesh for lightning protection using the method described in example 1.
The thickness of the obtained copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection is 0.050mm, the long pitch a is 2.29mm, the short pitch b is 1.94mm, the width is 1100mm, and the meshes are uniform.
The resistance of an aluminum mesh of 50mm × 350mm was measured in the long pitch direction and the short pitch direction, respectively, and then converted into the resistance per unit area. Resistance of 5.5m omega/m in long pitch direction of aluminum mesh2Short pitch direction resistance 18.9m omega/m2. The surface density of the aluminum mesh per unit area is 29g/m2。
Example 3
The aluminum foil is prepared by the steps of proportioning pure aluminum, pure copper and pure niobium according to the proportion of 0.03 percent of Cu, 0.023 percent of Nb and the balance of Al, smelting, rough rolling, intermediate annealing, rolling and precision rolling. The above aluminum foil material was used to prepare a lightweight ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum mesh for lightning protection using the method described in example 1.
The thickness of the obtained copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection is 0.045mm, the long pitch a is 2.34mm, the short pitch b is 1.69mm, the width is 1190mm, and the meshes are uniform.
The resistance of an aluminum mesh of 50mm × 350mm was measured in the long pitch direction and the short pitch direction, respectively, and then converted into the resistance per unit area. Resistance of aluminum net in long pitch direction is 6.4m omega/m2Short pitch direction resistance of 21.7m omega/m2. The surface density of the aluminum mesh per unit area is 27g/m2。
Example 4
The aluminum foil is prepared by the steps of proportioning pure aluminum, pure copper and pure niobium raw materials according to the proportion of 0.04% of Cu, 0.027% of Nb and the balance of Al, smelting, rough rolling, intermediate annealing, rolling and precision rolling. The above aluminum foil material was used to prepare a lightweight ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum mesh for lightning protection using the method described in example 1.
The thickness of the obtained copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection is 0.040mm, the long pitch a is 2.33mm, the short pitch b is 1.93mm, the width is 1150mm, and the meshes are uniform.
The resistance of an aluminum mesh of 50mm × 350mm was measured in the long pitch direction and the short pitch direction, respectively, and then converted into the resistance per unit area. Resistance of aluminum net in long pitch direction is 6.7m omega/m2Short pitch direction resistance of 25.6m omega/m2The surface density of the aluminum mesh per unit area is 25g/m2。
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a copper-containing aluminium net for lightning protection is hit to light super width which characterized in that: the thickness of the aluminum net is 0.03 mm-0.05 mm, the breadth is more than 1000mm, a plurality of meshes are arranged on the aluminum net, the meshes are arranged into two adjacent rows of meshes in a staggered arrangement, and the aluminum net adopts the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.05% Cu; 0.01-0.03% of Nb; the total content of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.06 percent, and the balance is Al.
2. The aluminum mesh as recited in claim 1, wherein the aluminum foil material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.05% Cu; 0.012-0.023% of Nb; the total content of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.06 percent, and the balance is Al.
3. The aluminum mesh of claim 1, wherein: the mesh shape is quadrilateral, rhombus, oval or other shapes.
4. The aluminum mesh of claim 1, wherein: the long pitch of the meshes is 2.21 mm-2.40 mm, and the short pitch is 1.46 mm-1.96 mm.
5. The preparation method of the copper-containing aluminum net for light ultra-wide lightning protection is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) placing the aluminum foil on a platform, and tensioning the aluminum foil by applying a tensioning force of 5-10N in the length direction;
2) laser cutting, wherein laser parameters of a laser cutting machine are adjusted, the cutting speed is 12-18 mm/s, the repetition frequency is 1.3-1.7 kHz, the power ratio is 80-90%, and the air pressure is 0.6-1.0 Mpa under the condition of nitrogen, the surface of an aluminum foil is cut, so that a plurality of meshes are arranged on the aluminum foil, and the meshes are arranged in staggered arrangement of meshes of two adjacent rows to obtain a light aluminum foil;
3) and (3) pickling the light aluminum net for 3 minutes at room temperature, and then cleaning the light aluminum net by flowing warm water and cold water to obtain the light ultra-wide copper-containing aluminum net for lightning protection.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein: the washing liquid of the acid washing in the step 4) is dilute nitric acid liquid, and the formula of the washing liquid is concentrated nitric acid 3%; and (7) water.
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