CN113059181A - Nano silver wire and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nano silver wire and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113059181A CN113059181A CN202110321473.1A CN202110321473A CN113059181A CN 113059181 A CN113059181 A CN 113059181A CN 202110321473 A CN202110321473 A CN 202110321473A CN 113059181 A CN113059181 A CN 113059181A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/0547—Nanofibres or nanotubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/07—Metallic powder characterised by particles having a nanoscale microstructure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/02—Single bars, rods, wires, or strips
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/25—Noble metals, i.e. Ag Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru
- B22F2301/255—Silver or gold
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nano materials, in particular to a nano silver wire and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention discloses a nano silver wire, which has high length-diameter ratio, high conductivity and good uniformity, is applied to a conductive material, is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the conductive material and reducing the percolation threshold, and can reduce the using amount of the nano silver wire and reduce the cost under the same performance requirement; in addition, the nano silver wire provided by the invention can release silver ions and generate active oxygen, and has excellent antibacterial activity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano materials, in particular to a nano silver wire and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Silver (Ag) is the most conductive metal element, free silver ion (Ag)+) The nano silver wire has excellent conductivity and good sterilization effect. The nano silver wire with high length-diameter ratio can build a conductive network under low addition amount, and can be used for conductingElectrical pastes, conductive coatings, etc., which can be applied to electrical connections and radiation protective coatings or fabrics. Ag+The slow-release sterilization and antibiosis mechanism means that silver is slowly released to Ag in the using process+Due to Ag+Can destroy bacterial cell membrane or strongly combine with sulfhydryl of enzyme protein in bacterial body at very low concentration, reduce enzyme activity of microorganism, and has antibacterial effect. Thereby releasing Ag slowly+The silver wire can exert the antibacterial effect for a long time, and can be used for sterilizing the mask by utilizing the sterilizing capability of the silver wire.
The method for preparing the nano silver wire comprises a hydrothermal method, an alcohol reduction method, a template method and the like. The hydrothermal method is generally used for reducing silver into a silver simple substance by using a reducing agent in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment. The alcohol reduction method uses monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol or polyhydric alcohol to generate aldehyde in the reaction, and reduces silver ions to obtain the nano silver wire, and the two methods generally need to add a certain amount of surfactant to prevent the nano silver from agglomerating. The template method is to load silver on a certain template, and remove the template to obtain the nano silver wire, and the steps are relatively complex. Wherein the condition for preparing the silver wire by the alcohol reduction method is relatively mild, safe and economic.
Although there are some reports about the preparation of the nano silver wire by the alcohol reduction method, the prepared nano silver wire has low length-diameter ratio and poor application performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a nano silver wire and a preparation method and application thereof, and solves the problem of low length-diameter ratio of the existing nano silver wire.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a nano silver wire, which has an average diameter of 95-400nm, preferably 95-350 nm, more preferably 95-100 nm, and a length-diameter ratio of (30-800): 1, preferably (300-800): 1. the diameter of the nano silver wire is 90-500 nm.
The nano silver wire provided by the invention has high length-diameter ratio, high conductivity and antibacterial activity.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nano silver wire, which comprises the following steps:
heating the solvent, sequentially adding a multivalent metal soluble salt solution and a soluble silver salt solution into the heated solvent, and then adding a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution for reaction to obtain a nano silver wire;
the solvent is a solvent with reducibility after being heated;
the soluble multivalent metal salt is selected from one or more of cupric chloride, ketone bromide and ferric chloride.
The heated solvent in the preparation method of the nano silver wire provided by the invention has reducibility after being heated, so that silver ions in the soluble silver salt solution are reduced into silver simple substance. The polyvalent metal ions in the polyvalent metal soluble salt solution can remove dissolved oxygen in the solution, and the anions can form crystal nucleus precipitation with silver ions.
In the preparation method of the nano silver wire, firstly, a solvent is heated, preferably an oil bath pot is used for heating, preferably the solvent is heated to 150-180 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10-90min, more preferably to 160 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 60 min; the solvent comprises one or more than two of 1, 2-glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol and ethylene glycol, preferably ethylene glycol, and the ethylene glycol can generate aldehyde with aldehyde group at high temperature and has reducibility.
Subsequently, nitrogen or an inert gas is preferably introduced into the heated solvent to discharge oxygen.
Then, a polyvalent metal soluble salt solution is added to the solvent after the heating treatment and the oxygen removal treatment, and the temperature is preferably maintained for 0 to 60 minutes, more preferably for 10 minutes.
Then adding a soluble salt solution of silver into the solution, preferably keeping the temperature for 1-30min, preferably 10 min; the silver soluble salt is silver nitrate, AgNO3Stable, high solubility and low toxicity.
Then, adding a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution into the solution preferably in a dropwise manner for reaction; the dropping rate of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is 10-200mL/h, preferably 45 mL/h; the reaction temperature is 150-180 ℃, the reaction time is 30-60min, and the reaction time is preferably 60min at 160 ℃; the preparation method of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution specifically comprises the following steps: adding polyvinylpyrrolidone into the solvent under the stirring state until the polyvinylpyrrolidone is completely dissolved; the stirring speed is 1500-. The invention preferably adopts a dripping mode to add the polyvinylpyrrolidone into the solvent, so that the prepared nano silver wire has better uniformity.
In the invention, the polyvinylpyrrolidone can selectively adsorb each crystal face of the silver simple substance. The molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 10000-1300000, preferably 10000, 58000 or 1300000, more preferably 58000, and the uniformity of the nano silver wire prepared from the polyvinylpyrrolidone with the molecular weight is better.
In the invention, polyvinylpyrrolidone is used as a guiding agent and a dispersing agent, and the ultra-long nano silver wire with the length-diameter ratio can be stably prepared.
In the invention, the solvents of the multivalent metal soluble salt solution, the soluble silver salt solution and the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution comprise one or more than two of 1, 2-glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol and glycol.
In the present invention, the concentration of the polyvalent metal soluble salt solution is 8X 10-3mol/L；
The concentration of the soluble silver salt solution is 0.2 mol/L;
the concentration of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is 0.067 g/mL;
the volume ratio of the multivalent metal soluble salt solution to the soluble silver salt solution to the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is (0.05-0.6): (15-20): (15-20), preferably 0.2: 15: 15.
before the silver nanowire is obtained, the method also comprises the following steps: separating and purifying the nano silver wires; the separation and purification specifically comprises the following steps: and cooling the reaction liquid to room temperature, diluting the reaction liquid by adopting absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone, and then centrifuging and washing to obtain the nano silver wire.
The invention also provides application of the nano silver wire in conductive materials and/or antibacterial products.
In the present invention, the nano silver wire has high conductivity, and thus, the nano silver wire can be applied to a conductive material, for example: conductive paste and conductive transparent film. The nano silver wire of the invention has the functions of releasing silver ions and generating active oxygen, has good sterilization function, and can be applied to bacteriostatic products, such as: an antibacterial mask.
The invention also provides a conductive paste which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
1-5 parts of conductive filler;
40-50 parts of epoxy resin curing agent;
40-50 parts of epoxy resin;
0-5 parts of an additive;
the conductive filler is the nano silver wire in the technical scheme.
Preferably, the conductive filler is 2 parts;
10 parts of epoxy resin curing agent;
40 parts of epoxy resin;
and 0 part of additive.
The epoxy resin curing agent is selected from methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, low molecular polyamide or aromatic polyamine;
the epoxy resin is epoxy resin E51 and/or epoxy resin E44.
In the present invention, the additives include: one or more than two of antioxidant, adhesion promoter and diluent. The antioxidant, adhesion promoter and diluent are conventional in the art, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The preparation method of the first conductive paste specifically comprises the following steps:
and uniformly stirring the nano silver wire and the epoxy resin curing agent, adding the epoxy resin, uniformly stirring, adding the additive, and mixing to obtain the conductive paste.
The invention also provides another self-curing flexible conductive paste which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
2-10 parts of conductive filler;
40-50 parts of epoxy resin;
40-50 parts of polyamide;
the conductive filler is the nano silver wire.
Preferably, the conductive filler is 4 parts;
48 parts of epoxy resin;
and 48 parts of polyamide.
In the invention, the epoxy resin is epoxy resin E51 and/or epoxy resin E44;
the polyamide is polyamide PA 650.
According to the invention, the high conductivity of the nano silver wire with large length-diameter ratio enables the nano silver wire to have a lower percolation threshold when being used as a conductive paste filler, so that the filler usage amount of the conductive paste is greatly saved, and the mechanical property of the conductive paste is improved.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a nano silver wire, which has high length-diameter ratio, high conductivity and good uniformity, is applied to a conductive material, is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the conductive material and reducing the percolation threshold, and can reduce the using amount of the nano silver wire and reduce the cost under the same performance requirement; in addition, the nano silver wire provided by the invention can release silver ions and generate active oxygen, has excellent antibacterial activity and can be used as an antibacterial product. The nano silver wire can be used in the fields of electrical connection, biomedicine, chemical industry and the like, and has high application value and good market prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of EDS elemental analysis of a silver nanowire prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a silver nanowire prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a TEM image of a nano-silver wire prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an XRD pattern of a silver nanowire prepared according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of a silver nanowire prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an SEM photograph of a silver nanowire prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an external view of a connector to which a conductive paste is applied in embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of the co-culture of the silver nanowires and the bacteria prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment is a preparation method of a nano silver wire, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
1) measuring 50mL of Ethylene Glycol (EG) in a three-neck flask, inserting a nitrogen pipe below the liquid level, slowly adding nitrogen, heating to 160 ℃ by using an oil bath pot, and keeping the temperature for 1 hour;
2) 200 μ L of CuCl was added2(8×10-3mol/L) EG solution, and preserving the temperature for 10 min;
3) adding 15ml of LAgNO3(0.2mol/L) EG solution, and preserving the temperature for 10 min;
4) adding 15mL of PVP (molecular weight of 1300000, 0.067g/mL) EG solution into the flask by using a constant-pressure funnel, dropwise adding at a speed of 45mL/h, and preserving heat for 60 min;
5) and naturally cooling after the reaction is finished, cooling the solution to room temperature, diluting the solution by using absolute ethyl alcohol with one volume, transferring the solution into a centrifugal tube, shaking for 1min, centrifuging the solution at the rotating speed of 4000r/min for 5min, removing supernatant, washing the solution by using ethyl alcohol, and repeating the washing for 3 times to obtain the pure nano silver wire. And transferring the nano silver wires into a clean plastic bottle, and adding absolute ethyl alcohol for later use.
EDS, SEM and XRD characterization is carried out on the prepared nano silver wire, and the nano silver wire obtained after washing is 100% of silver element and has no impurities as can be seen from figure 1. The SEM result of FIG. 2 shows that the average length of the silver nanowires reaches 34 μm, and the Standard Deviation (SD) of the length of the silver wires obtained by measuring and calculating the length distribution of the silver wires through ImageJ is 1.38, which shows that the uniformity is good. FIG. 3TEM shows that the diameter of the nano silver wire is 90-105 nm, the average diameter is 98nm, and the length-diameter ratio of the nano silver wire reaches about 347. The XRD pattern of FIG. 4 shows four peaks (111), (200), (220) and (311), which indicates that the nano-silver wire is pure and free of impurities, and is consistent with the standard spectrum comparison of the nano-silver wire.
Example 2
The embodiment is a preparation method of a nano silver wire, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
1) measuring 50mL of Ethylene Glycol (EG) in a three-neck flask, inserting a nitrogen pipe below the liquid level, slowly adding nitrogen, heating to 160 ℃ by using an oil bath pot, and keeping the temperature for 1 hour;
2) 200 μ L of CuCl was added2(8×10-3mol/L) EG solution, and preserving the temperature for 10 min;
3) adding 15ml of LAgNO3(0.2mol/L) EG solution, and keeping the temperature for 1 min;
4) adding 15mL of PVP (molecular weight of 58000, 0.067g/mL) EG solution into the flask by using a constant-pressure funnel, dropwise adding at a speed of 45mL/h, and preserving heat for 60 min;
5) and naturally cooling after the reaction is finished, cooling the solution to room temperature, diluting the solution by using absolute ethyl alcohol with one volume, transferring the solution into a centrifugal tube, shaking for 1min, centrifuging the solution at the rotating speed of 4000r/min for 5min, removing supernatant, washing the solution by using ethyl alcohol, and repeating the washing for 3 times to obtain the pure nano silver wire. And transferring the nano silver wires into a clean plastic bottle, and adding absolute ethyl alcohol for later use.
Performing SEM characterization on the prepared nano silver wire, as shown in FIG. 5, calculating by ImageJ, wherein the average length of the nano silver wire is 14.5 μm, the SD is 3.6, the diameter is 155-478, the average diameter d is 335nm, and the length-diameter ratio is 43, which indicates that the nano silver wire prepared from the low molecular weight PVP has poor length and uniformity under the condition of the same PVP consumption.
Example 3
The embodiment is a preparation method of a nano silver wire, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
1) measuring 50mL of Ethylene Glycol (EG) in a three-neck flask, inserting a nitrogen pipe below the liquid level, slowly adding nitrogen, heating to 160 ℃ by using an oil bath pot, and keeping the temperature for 1 hour;
2) 200 μ L of CuCl was added2(8×10-3mol/L) EG solution, and preserving the temperature for 10 min;
3) adding 15ml of LAgNO3(0.2mol/L) EG solution, and preserving the temperature for 10 min;
4) directly adding 15mL of PVP (molecular weight of 1300000, 0.067g/mL) EG solution, and preserving the temperature for 60 min;
5) and naturally cooling after the reaction is finished, cooling the solution to room temperature, diluting the solution by using absolute ethyl alcohol with one volume, transferring the solution into a centrifugal tube, shaking for 1min, centrifuging the solution at the rotating speed of 4000r/min for 5min, removing supernatant, washing the solution by using ethyl alcohol, and repeating the washing for 3 times to obtain the pure nano silver wire. And transferring the nano silver wires into a clean plastic bottle, and adding absolute ethyl alcohol for later use.
The prepared silver nanowires are subjected to SEM characterization, and as shown in FIG. 6, the average length of the silver nanowires is 10.5 microns, the SD is 5.5, the diameter is 177-362, the average diameter d is 310nm, and the length-diameter ratio is 34 through measurement and calculation by ImageJ. The results show that the nano silver wire prepared by one-step charging has poor length and uniformity under the same other conditions.
Example 4
The embodiment is a preparation of a conductive paste, and the preparation steps are as follows:
1) weighing 0.2g of the nano silver wire in the example 1 and 4g of the epoxy resin curing agent methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, and stirring at a medium and low speed until the nano silver wire and the epoxy resin curing agent are uniformly mixed;
2) adding 4g of epoxy resin E51, 0.8g of adhesion promoter (vinyl triethoxysilane) and 1g of diluent (n-octanol), and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain the conductive paste.
Uniformly coating the prepared conductive paste on the contact surface of the connector and the lead which are polished and cleaned; fixing the connector and the lead wire by using a bolt, and heating at 80 ℃ for 120min for curing; after the connectors were cooled to room temperature, the respective resistances of the connectors without applying the conductive paste (experiment No. 1) and with applying the conductive paste (experiment No. 2) were measured using a multimeter.
As a result, as shown in Table 1, the ratio of the resistance of the coated connectors No. 2 to No. 1 was 0.9, i.e., the cold resistance coefficient was 0.9. Table 1 shows that the conductive paste has an effect of reducing connection resistance.
TABLE 1 connector Cold State resistance
Example 5
The embodiment is a preparation method of a self-curing flexible conductive paste, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
0.2g of the silver nanowires of example 1 are mixed with 2.4g of epoxy E44 and 2.4g of polyamide PA650 and stirred until homogeneous.
The control group had no silver nanowires added.
The resistance of the connector without the applied conductive paste was measured. Uniformly coating the prepared conductive paste between the polished and cleaned copper sheets and aluminum sheets (as shown in FIG. 7, two copper sheets which are not in contact with each other are clamped between an upper aluminum sheet and a lower aluminum sheet); clamping and fixing the copper-aluminum connector by using a clamp, and standing at room temperature for 2h for curing; and after curing, measuring the resistance at the two ends of the connector by using a universal meter.
The resistance of the connector without the conductive paste is 0.9 omega, the resistance of the connector using the conductive paste containing the nano silver wires (4%) is 0.5 omega, the resistance is reduced by about 44%, the resistance of the connector coated with the pure resin without the nano silver wires is not changed, and the result shows that the nano silver wire conductive paste has an obvious resistance reduction effect.
Example 6
Example 1 bacteriostatic activity test of silver nanowires
Preparing a bacterial liquid of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus:
1) and taking out the frozen escherichia coli and the staphylococcus aureus from the refrigerator and unfreezing.
2) A gradient concentration solution of silver nanowires was prepared (as shown in table 2).
3) 400 mu L of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus liquid are respectively taken to be placed in 100mL of liquid culture medium and cultured in a constant temperature box at 37 ℃ for 24 h.
4) And (3) diluting the two bacterial liquids to obtain bacterial suspension with a light absorption value of 0.09-0.1.
5) Diluting bacterial suspension with a light absorption value of 0.09-0.1 by 100 times, adding 100 mu L of corresponding diluted bacterial suspension into each 96-well plate, namely escherichia coli # 1- #8, a control group, staphylococcus aureus # 1- #8 and the control group, adding 150 mu L of solution with a concentration corresponding to a nano-silver line into # 1- #8, and adding 150 mu L of liquid culture medium into the control group. Placing into a 37 ℃ incubator for 24 h.
6) A50-mu-L96-well plate is taken to put liquids of escherichia coli groups # 1, #3, #5 and blank groups, staphylococcus aureus groups # 1, #3, #5 and blank groups into an agar culture medium, laid flat and put into a 37-DEG C incubator for 24 hours.
The medium was taken out and photographed. In FIG. 8, plates 1 to 3 were the culture medium supplemented with the mixed solution of #1, #3, #5 silver wire solution and Escherichia coli, respectively, plates 5 to 7 were the culture medium supplemented with the mixed solution of #1, #3, #5 silver wire solution and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, and blank control groups 4 and 8 were blank control groups. As can be seen from FIG. 8, 150. mu.L of 0.2 wt% and 0.05 wt% silver nanowire solutions were added to 100. mu.L of the bacterial solution, and no colonies were grown on the medium after 24 hours of culture, both of which had the bactericidal effect.
TABLE 2 nanosilver line solution concentration
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A silver nanowire, characterized in that the silver nanowire has an average diameter of 95-400nm and an aspect ratio of (30-800): 1.
2. the method for preparing the silver nanowire according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
heating the solvent, sequentially adding a multivalent metal soluble salt solution and a soluble silver salt solution into the heated solvent, and then adding a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution for reaction to obtain a nano silver wire;
the solvent is a solvent with reducibility after being heated;
the soluble multivalent metal salt is selected from one or more of cupric chloride, ketone bromide and ferric chloride.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the soluble silver salt is silver nitrate.
4. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the solvent comprises one or more of 1, 2-ethylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol and ethylene glycol;
the solvents of the multivalent metal soluble salt solution, the soluble silver salt solution and the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution are respectively selected from one or more than two of 1, 2-glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol and glycol.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the multivalent metal soluble salt solution has a concentration of 8 x 10-3mol/L；
The concentration of the soluble silver salt solution is 0.2 mol/L;
the concentration of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is 0.067 g/mL.
6. The method according to claim 2 or 5, wherein the volume ratio of the polyvalent metal soluble salt solution, the soluble silver salt solution and the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is (0.05-0.6): (15-20): (15-20).
7. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the solvent is heated at 150-180 ℃ for 10-90 min.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the multivalent metal soluble salt solution is added and then the temperature is maintained for 0 to 60 min;
after the soluble silver salt solution is added, keeping the temperature for 10-90 min;
the reaction temperature is 150-180 ℃, and the reaction time is 30-60 min.
9. Use of the silver nanowires of claim 1 in conductive materials, radiation protection and/or bacteriostatic products.
10. A conductive paste comprising the silver nanowires according to claim 1.
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