CN113059121A - Precision casting process for eliminating defects of deep-hole cast shell - Google Patents
Precision casting process for eliminating defects of deep-hole cast shell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113059121A CN113059121A CN202110375950.2A CN202110375950A CN113059121A CN 113059121 A CN113059121 A CN 113059121A CN 202110375950 A CN202110375950 A CN 202110375950A CN 113059121 A CN113059121 A CN 113059121A
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- shell
- sand
- mullite
- airing
- deep
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
Abstract
The invention discloses a precision casting process for eliminating defects of a deep-hole casting shell, and relates to the technical field of casting processing. According to the invention, the refractory zircon sand material is adopted to fill the deep hole in the shell manufacturing process, and the zircon sand is filled and compacted in a shell shaking manner by hands in the sand filling process, so that the hole core forms a solid sand core. Compared with the traditional process, the zircon sand core is used, so that the condition that bubbles are generated due to uneven casting of molten metal in the deep hole is avoided, the product yield is improved, and because the zircon sand is filled in the deep hole, the airing problem of the deep hole is not required to be considered during airing, the airing time is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved; according to the invention, by using the hollow wax mold, zircon sand can be directly poured into the wax mold from the opening of the wax mold when the sand core of the deep hole is manufactured, and then the shell is shaken to fill the deep hole with the zircon sand, so that the manufacturing efficiency of the sand core is improved; the invention simplifies the process and further improves the production efficiency by the step of not hardening the shell after the shell is manufactured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of casting processing, and particularly relates to a precision casting process for eliminating the defect of a deep-hole cast shell.
Background
The investment casting is also called lost wax casting, and comprises the procedures of wax pressing, wax trimming, tree forming, slurry dipping, wax melting, molten metal casting, post-treatment and the like. Lost wax casting is a process in which a wax pattern for a part to be cast is made of wax, and then the wax pattern is coated with a slurry to obtain a shell. And after the shell is dried, putting the shell into hot water to melt the internal wax mold, taking out the shell with the melted wax mold, pouring molten metal into the shell from a pouring gate, and cooling the shell to obtain the parts required by shell vibration.
However, the investment casting is easy to be lack of casting when deep hole casting is carried out, the airing time is long, the problems of iron plugging and shrinkage in the hole are serious, and the casting cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a precision casting process for eliminating the defects of a deep-hole cast shell, and solves the problems that the existing investment casting is easy to be insufficient in casting, long in airing time, serious in-hole iron filling and hole shrinkage and high in casting cost when the deep-hole casting is carried out.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a precision casting process for eliminating the defects of a deep-hole casting shell, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a wax mould used for the casting shell, wherein the middle of the wax mould is hollow, and a plurality of deep holes are formed in the peripheral side surface of the wax mould;
step two: putting the wax mould in a cleaning agent for cleaning for 15S, removing dust and impurities on the surface, and quickly drying;
step three: uniformly coating zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 40mPa.s, which is prepared from 325-mesh zirconium powder, on the surface of a wax mould, then uniformly spraying 80-120-mesh zirconium sand, and then airing to form a surface layer shell, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step four: uniformly coating zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 20-22mPa.s, which is prepared from 325-mesh zirconium powder, on the surface of the surface-layer shell zirconium sand, then uniformly spraying 80-120-mesh mullite sand, and then airing to form a second-layer shell, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step five: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from 200 meshes of mullite powder, on the surface of the mullite sand of the second layer of shells, then uniformly spraying 35 meshes of mullite sand, and then airing to form a third layer of shells, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step six: after the third layer of shell is dried, pouring a small amount of 80-120-mesh zircon sand into the wax mold from the opening of the wax mold, then shaking the shell by holding the wax mold, enabling the zircon sand to enter the deep hole on the peripheral side of the wax mold, filling and compacting, and then sealing the orifice of the deep hole by using zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 40mPa.s and a small amount of mullite powder to enable the zircon sand in the deep hole to form a solid sand core;
step seven: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from mullite powder of 200 meshes, on the surface of the mullite sand of the third layer, uniformly spraying mullite sand of 22 meshes, and then airing to form a shell of the fourth layer, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step eight: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from 200 meshes of mullite powder, on the surface of the mullite sand in the fourth layer of shells, uniformly spraying 22 meshes of mullite sand, and then airing to form a fifth layer of shells, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step nine: uniformly coating 200-mesh mullite powder on the outer surface of the mullite sand of the fifth layer of shell to prepare mullite slurry with the viscosity of 10mPa.s, finishing the preparation of the shell, and airing for later use;
step ten: putting the manufactured shell into a dewaxing kettle for heating, and quickly melting a wax mold to form a cavity;
step eleven: placing the prepared shell into an electric heating furnace for roasting to harden the shell;
step twelve: casting molten metal in a cavity of the shell, after cooling, shattering the shell by using a pneumatic shell vibrating machine, taking out the zircon sand core in the deep hole to obtain a blank, and finally machining the deep hole of the blank.
Preferably, the working power of the electric heating furnace is 100KW, the heating temperature is 1150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5h, if the temperature is too low, the shell cannot be burnt through, the strength is not high, and the temperature can be slightly higher than 1150 ℃ when the shell is actually fired.
Preferably, the air pressure of the pneumatic shell vibrating machine during shell vibrating is 0.8MPa, so that an air hammer of the pneumatic shell vibrating machine can shatter the shell.
Preferably, the cleaning agent is an environment-friendly cleaning agent YQ-A01, so that the cleaning agent is more environment-friendly.
Preferably, manual sanding and manual slurry coating are adopted in the process of making the shell of the surface layer, because the subsequent casting quality is directly influenced by the uniformity of zirconium sand and zirconium slurry of the surface layer, and the manual sanding and the manual slurry coating can ensure that the surface layer is uniformly coated without dead angles.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, the traditional deep hole casting process is improved, the refractory zircon sand material is filled in the deep hole after the third layer of shell is made, the zircon sand is filled and plugged in a mode of shaking the shell by hand in the sand filling process, and finally the orifice is sealed by adding mullite powder into the two layers of zircon slurry, so that the hole core forms a solid sand core which can resist the impact force of molten steel in the pouring process;
2. according to the invention, by using the hollow wax mold, zircon sand can be directly poured into the wax mold from the opening of the wax mold when the sand core of the deep hole is manufactured, and then the shell is shaken to fill the deep hole with the zircon sand, so that the manufacturing efficiency of the sand core is improved;
3. the invention simplifies the process and further improves the production efficiency by the step of not hardening the shell after the shell is manufactured.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a precision casting process for eliminating deep-hole casting shell defects according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention is a precision casting process for eliminating the deep hole cast shell defect, including the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a wax mould used for the casting shell, wherein the middle of the wax mould is hollow, and a plurality of deep holes are formed in the peripheral side surface of the wax mould;
step two: putting the wax mould in a cleaning agent for cleaning for 15S, removing dust and impurities on the surface, and quickly drying;
step three: uniformly coating zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 40mPa.s, which is prepared from 325-mesh zirconium powder, on the surface of a wax mould, then uniformly spraying 80-120-mesh zirconium sand, and then airing to form a surface layer shell, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step four: uniformly coating zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 20-22mPa.s, which is prepared from 325-mesh zirconium powder, on the surface of the surface-layer shell zirconium sand, then uniformly spraying 80-120-mesh mullite sand, and then airing to form a second-layer shell, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step five: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from 200 meshes of mullite powder, on the surface of the mullite sand of the second layer of shells, then uniformly spraying 35 meshes of mullite sand, and then airing to form a third layer of shells, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step six: after the third layer of shell is dried, pouring a small amount of 80-120-mesh zircon sand into the wax mold from the opening of the wax mold, then shaking the shell by holding the wax mold, enabling the zircon sand to enter the deep hole on the peripheral side of the wax mold, filling and compacting, and then sealing the orifice of the deep hole by using zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 40mPa.s and a small amount of mullite powder to enable the zircon sand in the deep hole to form a solid sand core;
step seven: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from mullite powder of 200 meshes, on the surface of the mullite sand of the third layer, uniformly spraying mullite sand of 22 meshes, and then airing to form a shell of the fourth layer, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step eight: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from 200 meshes of mullite powder, on the surface of the mullite sand in the fourth layer of shells, uniformly spraying 22 meshes of mullite sand, and then airing to form a fifth layer of shells, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step nine: uniformly coating 200-mesh mullite powder on the outer surface of the mullite sand of the fifth layer of shell to prepare mullite slurry with the viscosity of 10mPa.s, finishing the preparation of the shell, and airing for later use;
step ten: putting the manufactured shell into a dewaxing kettle for heating, and quickly melting a wax mold to form a cavity;
step eleven: placing the prepared shell into an electric heating furnace for roasting to harden the shell;
step twelve: casting molten metal in a cavity of the shell, after cooling, shattering the shell by using a pneumatic shell vibrating machine, taking out the zircon sand core in the deep hole to obtain a blank, and finally machining the deep hole of the blank.
Further, the working power of the electric heating furnace is 100KW, the heating temperature is 1150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5h, if the temperature is too low, the shell cannot be burnt through, the strength is not high, and the temperature can be slightly higher than 1150 ℃ during actual burning.
Furthermore, the air pressure of the pneumatic shell vibrating machine during shell vibrating is 0.8MPa, so that the air hammer of the pneumatic shell vibrating machine can shatter the shell.
Furthermore, the cleaning agent is an environment-friendly cleaning agent YQ-A01, so that the cleaning agent is more environment-friendly.
Furthermore, manual sanding and manual slurry coating are adopted in the surface layer shell manufacturing process, because the subsequent casting quality is directly influenced by the uniformity of zirconium sand and zirconium slurry of the surface layer, and the uniform surface layer coating can be ensured without dead angles through the manual sanding and the manual slurry coating.
Example two:
the invention relates to a precision casting process for eliminating the defects of a deep-hole cast shell, which has the following comparison conditions with the traditional process:
| wax mould | Deep hole sand core | Machining | Influence of | |
| The process of the invention | Hollow wax mould | Zircon sand core | Reaming and deburring the blank | The deep hole is easy to cool after the sand core is adopted, the condition of bubbles is reduced, the yield is high, and the machining efficiency is high |
| Prior art technique | Solid wax mould | Sand-free core | Punching and deburring the blank | The deep hole is easy to have the condition of insufficient casting, the yield is not high, and the machining time is relatively more |
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A precision casting process for eliminating the defects of a deep-hole casting shell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a wax mould used for the casting shell, wherein the middle of the wax mould is hollow, and a plurality of deep holes are formed in the peripheral side surface of the wax mould;
step two: putting the wax mould in a cleaning agent for cleaning for 15S, removing dust and impurities on the surface, and quickly drying;
step three: uniformly coating zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 40mPa.s, which is prepared from 325-mesh zirconium powder, on the surface of a wax mould, then uniformly spraying 80-120-mesh zirconium sand, and then airing to form a surface layer shell, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step four: uniformly coating zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 20-22mPa.s, which is prepared from 325-mesh zirconium powder, on the surface of the surface-layer shell zirconium sand, then uniformly spraying 80-120-mesh mullite sand, and then airing to form a second-layer shell, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step five: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from 200 meshes of mullite powder, on the surface of the mullite sand of the second layer of shells, then uniformly spraying 35 meshes of mullite sand, and then airing to form a third layer of shells, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step six: after the third layer of shell is dried, pouring a small amount of 80-120-mesh zircon sand into the wax mold from the opening of the wax mold, then shaking the shell by holding the wax mold, enabling the zircon sand to enter the deep hole on the peripheral side of the wax mold, filling and compacting, and then sealing the orifice of the deep hole by using zirconium slurry with the viscosity of 40mPa.s and a small amount of mullite powder to enable the zircon sand in the deep hole to form a solid sand core;
step seven: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from mullite powder of 200 meshes, on the surface of the mullite sand of the third layer, uniformly spraying mullite sand of 22 meshes, and then airing to form a shell of the fourth layer, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step eight: uniformly coating mullite slurry with the viscosity of 14mPa.s, which is prepared from 200 meshes of mullite powder, on the surface of the mullite sand in the fourth layer of shells, uniformly spraying 22 meshes of mullite sand, and then airing to form a fifth layer of shells, wherein the airing temperature is 24 ℃;
step nine: uniformly coating 200-mesh mullite powder on the outer surface of the mullite sand of the fifth layer of shell to prepare mullite slurry with the viscosity of 10mPa.s, finishing the preparation of the shell, and airing for later use;
step ten: putting the manufactured shell into a dewaxing kettle for heating, and quickly melting a wax mold to form a cavity;
step eleven: placing the prepared shell into an electric heating furnace for roasting to harden the shell;
step twelve: casting molten metal in a cavity of the shell, after cooling, shattering the shell by using a pneumatic shell vibrating machine, taking out the zircon sand core in the deep hole to obtain a blank, and finally machining the deep hole of the blank.
2. The precision casting process for eliminating the defects of the deep-hole cast shell according to claim 1, wherein the working power of the electric heating furnace is 100KW, the heating temperature is 1150 ℃, and the holding time is 0.5 h.
3. The precision casting process for eliminating the defects of the deep-hole casting shell according to claim 1, wherein the air pressure of the shell vibrating of the pneumatic shell vibrating machine is 0.8 MPa.
4. The precision casting process for eliminating the defects of the deep-hole casting shell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cleaning agent is an environment-friendly cleaning agent YQ-A01.
5. The precision casting process for eliminating the defects of the deep-hole cast shell according to claim 1, wherein manual sanding and manual slurry coating are adopted in the process of manufacturing the shell by the surface layer.
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| CN202110375950.2A CN113059121A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Precision casting process for eliminating defects of deep-hole cast shell |
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| CN202110375950.2A CN113059121A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Precision casting process for eliminating defects of deep-hole cast shell |
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| CN113059121A true CN113059121A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113996762A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-01 | 泰州华丰精密铸造有限公司 | Precision casting device and process for eliminating metal liquid bubbles in casting |
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Application publication date: 20210702 |