CN113055074A - Satellite-borne communication system - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18515—Transmission equipment in satellites or space-based relays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
- H04B1/0007—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at radiofrequency or intermediate frequency stage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
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- H04B1/401—Circuits for selecting or indicating operating mode
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Abstract
The satellite-borne communication system comprises a satellite-borne communication machine, wherein the satellite-borne communication machine comprises a radio frequency module and a baseband processing module, and the radio frequency module is connected with the baseband processing module. The receiving module in the radio frequency module of the satellite-borne communication machine adopts the design of a shared channel, and can realize the communication of uplink radio frequency signals with different transmission rates under different working modes by combining the baseband processing module. In addition, the satellite-borne communication machine integrates the functions of remote control terminals, inter-satellite information routing and storage of important satellite parameters, can directly process or distribute uplink instruction signals and inter-satellite information, can simplify the on-satellite information flow, reduce the interface design among systems, optimize the system configuration, and simultaneously can improve the reliability and the safety of the satellite.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of satellite design, in particular to a satellite-borne communication system.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of aerospace technology, more and more attention is paid to manufacturing a small satellite system which is low in cost and can be produced in batches. In a traditional satellite design process, in order to complete a measurement and control task and a data communication task of a satellite, a complex measurement and control subsystem and a complex feed subsystem are generally required to be designed, wherein the measurement and control subsystem needs to be configured with equipment such as a measurement and control transponder, a measurement and control microwave network, a measurement and control transceiver antenna and a remote control terminal, and the feed subsystem needs to be configured with equipment such as a baseband signal processing device, a feed transceiver and a feed transceiver antenna. For some high power transmission systems, a separate power amplifier is also required. For small satellites, such a large number of single-unit supporting equipment occupies valuable physical space, and consumes weight resources, energy resources and thermal control resources which are originally in shortage for the satellites. The small satellite designed in this way cannot meet the use requirement.
At present, the existing communication machine is a hardware splicing of different functional modules, although an internal bus mode is adopted in communication, all the functional modules are still mutually independent on the whole, and a real one-machine multi-purpose function is not realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a satellite-borne communication system, which can reduce the scale of a hardware circuit of a baseband processing module, save the design cost, realize the communication of uplink radio-frequency signals with different transmission rates in different working modes, directly process or distribute uplink instruction signals and inter-satellite information, simplify the on-satellite information flow, reduce the interface design among systems, optimize the system configuration and improve the reliability and the safety of a satellite.
The embodiment of the invention provides a satellite-borne communication system, which comprises a satellite-borne communication machine, a satellite-borne communication machine and a satellite-borne communication system, wherein the satellite-borne communication machine comprises a radio frequency module and a baseband processing module;
the radio frequency module comprises a signal receiving channel, the signal receiving channel is used for receiving an uplink radio frequency signal sent by the ground terminal and sending the uplink radio frequency signal to the baseband processing module, and the uplink radio frequency signal is a signal with different transmission rates received by the satellite-borne communication machine when the satellite-borne communication machine is in a first mode or a second mode;
the baseband processing module comprises a configuration management module, the configuration management module is used for converting the uplink radio frequency signal to obtain a target signal, determining an execution object corresponding to the target signal, sending the target signal to the corresponding execution object, enabling the execution object to execute execution content corresponding to the target signal, and feeding back a telemetering signal to the configuration management module; the configuration management module is also used for receiving the telemetry signal and the baseband signal sent by the inter-satellite system and sending the telemetry signal and the baseband signal to the radio frequency module.
Further, the baseband signals include a first baseband signal, a first radio frequency signal, a second baseband signal, and a second radio frequency signal,
the radio frequency module also comprises a first transmitting channel and a second transmitting channel;
the first transmitting channel and the second transmitting channel are respectively connected with the baseband processing module, the first transmitting channel is used for transmitting a first radio frequency signal, and the second transmitting channel is used for transmitting a second radio frequency signal.
Furthermore, the baseband processing module also comprises a signal processing module and a digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion module;
the configuration management module, the signal processing module, the digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion module and the radio frequency module are connected in sequence,
the digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the uplink radio frequency signal and sending the converted data to the signal processing module, and the digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion module is also used for performing digital-to-analog conversion on the first baseband signal and sending the converted data to the first transmitting channel, and performing digital-to-analog conversion on the second baseband signal and sending the converted data to the second transmitting channel.
Further, the baseband processing module further comprises a first memory and a second memory;
the first memory and the second memory are respectively connected with a configuration management module, and the configuration management module is connected with the signal processing module;
when the satellite-borne communication machine is started and powered on, the configuration management module reads a program corresponding to the first mode from the first memory and loads the program into the signal processing module to control the satellite-borne communication machine to be in the first mode;
if the uplink radio frequency signal has the mode switching instruction, the configuration management module reads a program corresponding to the second mode from the second memory and loads the program into the signal processing module to control the satellite-borne communication machine to switch from the first mode to the second mode.
Further, the satellite-borne communication machine is in a first mode or a second mode based on a preset time division multiplexing rule;
or,
when the satellite-borne communication machine comprises a first satellite-borne communication machine and a second satellite-borne communication machine, the first satellite-borne communication machine is in a first mode, and the second satellite-borne communication machine is in a second mode.
Further, the system also includes a transmitting antenna;
the transmitting antenna is connected with the first transmitting channel and used for transmitting the first radio frequency signal.
Further, the system also comprises a microwave network module, a first transceiving antenna and a second transceiving antenna;
the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna are respectively connected with a microwave network module, the microwave network module is connected with the signal receiving channel, and the microwave network module is used for acquiring uplink radio frequency signals received by the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna and sending the uplink radio frequency signals to the signal receiving channel;
the microwave network module is connected with the second transmitting channel and used for transmitting the second radio-frequency signal transmitted by the second transmitting channel to the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna.
Further, the microwave network module comprises a bridge, a first duplexer and a second duplexer;
the electric bridge is respectively connected with the first receiving and transmitting antenna and the second receiving and transmitting antenna and is used for acquiring uplink radio frequency signals received by the first receiving and transmitting antenna and the second receiving and transmitting antenna and transmitting the uplink radio frequency signals to the first duplexer and the second duplexer;
the bridge is respectively connected with the first duplexer and the second duplexer, and is used for acquiring a second radio frequency signal sent by the first duplexer and the second duplexer and sending the second radio frequency signal to the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna.
Furthermore, the first duplexer is connected with the signal receiving channel and is used for sending uplink radio frequency signals to the signal receiving channel;
the second diplexer is connected to a load.
Further, if the satellite-borne communication machine comprises a first satellite-borne communication machine and a second satellite-borne communication machine,
the first duplexer is connected with a signal receiving channel of the first satellite-borne communication machine and used for sending uplink radio-frequency signals to the signal receiving channel of the first satellite-borne communication machine;
the second duplexer is connected with a signal receiving channel of the second satellite-borne communication machine and used for sending the uplink radio-frequency signals to the signal receiving channel of the second satellite-borne communication machine.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the satellite-borne satellite system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the radio frequency module in the satellite-borne communicator adopts the design of a shared radio frequency receiving channel, and the communication of uplink radio frequency signals with different transmission rates can be realized by combining the baseband processing module. In addition, the satellite-borne communication machine integrates the functions of remote control and remote measurement of the satellite and on-satellite information routing, can directly process or distribute uplink radio frequency signals and signals to be forwarded, can simplify on-satellite information flow, reduce interface design among systems, and optimize system configuration.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a satellite-borne communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of a satellite-borne communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a satellite-borne communication machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed transmitting antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a beam pattern provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a transceiver antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic coverage diagram of a first transceiving antenna and a second transceiving antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave network module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the corresponding reference numbers in the figures are: 100-satellite-borne communicator, 110-baseband processing module, 111-configuration management module, 112-signal processing module, 113-data/analog-to-digital conversion module, 114-first memory, 115-second memory, 120-radio frequency module, 121-signal receiving channel, 122-first transmitting channel, 123-second transmitting channel, 200-microwave network module, 201-bridge, 202-first duplexer, 203-second duplexer, 300-transceiving antenna, 301-second feeder support rod, 302-second helix, 303-second floor, 304-second radio frequency socket, 400-transmitting antenna, 401-first feeder support rod, 402-first helix, 403-first floor, 404-first radio frequency socket.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiment is only one embodiment of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An "embodiment" as referred to herein relates to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Moreover, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a system that comprises a list of elements, devices, or modules is not necessarily limited to those elements, devices, or modules expressly listed, but may include other elements, devices, or modules not expressly listed or inherent to such system.
The specific embodiment of the satellite communication system according to the present invention is described below, fig. 1 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the present specification provides the constituent structures as shown in the embodiments or flowcharts, but may include more or less elements, devices or modules based on conventional or non-inventive labor. In actual execution, the method can be executed according to the embodiment or the constituent structures shown in the drawings. As shown in detail in fig. 1.
The satellite communication system can include a satellite communication machine 100, and the satellite communication machine 100 can include a radio frequency module 120 and a baseband processing module 110, wherein the radio frequency module 120 is connected with the baseband processing module 110. The radio frequency module 120 may include a signal receiving channel 121, where the signal receiving channel 121 is configured to receive an uplink radio frequency signal sent by the ground terminal, and send the uplink radio frequency signal to the baseband processing module 110, where the uplink radio frequency signal is a signal with different transmission rates received by the satellite borne communication machine 100 when the satellite borne communication machine is in the first mode or the second mode; the baseband processing module 110 may include a configuration management module 111, where the configuration management module 111 is configured to convert the uplink radio frequency signal to obtain a target signal, determine an execution object corresponding to the target signal, send the target signal to the corresponding execution object based on the target transmission rate, enable the corresponding execution object to execute execution content corresponding to the target signal, and feed back the telemetry signal to the configuration management module 111; the configuration management module 111 is further configured to receive the telemetry signal and a baseband signal sent by the inter-satellite system, and send the telemetry signal and the baseband signal to the rf module 120.
Specifically, the signal receiving channel 121 may receive an uplink radio frequency signal sent by the ground terminal, process the uplink radio frequency signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, further convert the intermediate frequency signal to obtain a baseband signal, and send the baseband signal to the baseband processing module 110. After receiving the baseband signal, the configuration management module 111 performs conversion processing on the baseband signal to obtain a target signal, for example, the baseband signal may be converted into an effective instruction or effective data, and the effective instruction and the effective data are respectively sent to corresponding execution objects, so that the execution objects execute corresponding contents of the effective instruction or the effective data, and generate a telemetry signal, that is, an execution result is sent to the configuration management module 111 in a telemetry parameter manner, and the configuration management module 111 not only receives the telemetry parameter, but also receives baseband signals sent by the inter-satellite system, that is, baseband signals of other satellites except the satellite telemetry parameter, and sends the telemetry signal and the baseband signal to the radio frequency module 120. The baseband signals sent by the inter-satellite system, that is, the baseband signals of other satellites, may include signals to be forwarded, which are sent to the configuration management module 111 by other satellites, and are sent to the ground terminal by the configuration management module 111.
In an optional implementation manner, the uplink radio frequency signal sent by the ground terminal may be a feed uplink radio frequency signal, or may also be a measurement and control uplink radio frequency signal, the first mode may be a measurement and control mode, and the second mode may be a feed mode. When the on-board communicator 100 is in the first mode, that is, when the on-board communicator 100 is in the measurement and control mode, the uplink radio frequency signal is a measurement and control uplink radio frequency signal, and when the on-board communicator 100 is in the second mode, that is, when the on-board communicator 100 is in the feeding mode, the uplink radio frequency signal is a feeding uplink radio frequency signal. The measurement and control uplink radio frequency signal may include a remote control of a satellite itself to change the attitude, a remote control of other satellites to change the attitude, a remote control of signals such as satellite time information, a heater switch state, current operation orbit parameters and state settings of other on-satellite equipment of a satellite corresponding to the satellite-borne communicator 100, and a mode switching instruction of the communicator itself to switch the measurement and control mode of the satellite-borne communicator 100 to the feed mode. When the uplink radio frequency signal is a mode switching instruction, determining that the satellite borne communication machine 100 is an execution object corresponding to the uplink radio frequency signal; when the uplink radio frequency signal is a signal for remotely controlling the satellite to change the attitude, remotely measuring the satellite on-board time information, the heater switch state, the current operating orbit parameter, the on-board other equipment state setting and the like, the lower computer is determined to be an execution object (a satellite service computer, an inter-satellite link system and the like) corresponding to the uplink radio frequency signal, so that the lower computer can execute the execution content corresponding to the uplink radio frequency signal. For example, the satellite computer corresponding to the satellite-borne communicator 100 controls the satellite corresponding to the satellite-borne communicator 100 to change the attitude, and uses the changed attitude information as a feedback signal; for another example, the satellite computer corresponding to the satellite-borne communication device 100 collects the satellite time information, the heater switch state, and the current orbit parameter of the satellite corresponding to the satellite-borne communication device 100, and uses the collected information as the feedback signal.
In an alternative embodiment, the baseband signals sent by the inter-satellite system may include signals for remotely controlling other satellites to change attitude, for telemetering on-satellite time information of the satellites, for heater switch status, current orbit parameters, status settings of other on-satellite devices, and the like. The configuration management module 111 also stores and backs up important parameters recorded by the satellite affair computer, for example, data such as satellite time information, heater switch state, current operating orbit parameters of the satellite are stored in real time, and when the satellite affair computer is restarted, the stored latest data such as the satellite time information, the heater switch state, the current operating orbit parameters and the like can be fed back to the satellite affair computer according to a read-back instruction sent by the satellite affair computer, so that the satellite affair computer monitors the state of the satellite in real time, the satellite safety can be improved, and the danger of the satellite in orbit can be avoided. In the uplink radio frequency signal transmitted by the ground terminal and the baseband signal transmitted by the inter-satellite system, the transmission rates of different signals are different, for example, the transmission rate of the signal may be 400 bits/second, or 0.5 mbit/second, or 1 mbit/second. No matter the value of the transmission rate of the uplink radio frequency signal sent by the ground terminal and the signal in the baseband signal sent by the inter-satellite system, the configuration management module 111 may send the remote control signal corresponding to the uplink radio frequency signal and the baseband signal sent by the inter-satellite system to the radio frequency module 120 and the lower computer based on the target transmission rate, or send the telemetry signal corresponding to the signal to be forwarded to the lower computer based on the target transmission rate, for example, the target transmission rate may be 100 kbits/s.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the configuration management module 111 receives an uplink radio frequency signal from a ground terminal and a baseband signal sent by an inter-satellite system, and performs a series of operations such as decoding, descrambling, verifying, and deframing on the uplink radio frequency signal and the baseband signal, that is, after extracting valid data from an information frame corresponding to the signal, determines an execution object corresponding to the signal, and sends the valid data to the execution object corresponding to the signal. And if the execution object corresponding to the signal is the satellite communication machine, directly executing the execution content corresponding to the signal, and if the execution object corresponding to the signal is the satellite lower computer, starting a satellite routing function and sending the signal to the corresponding execution object, namely the lower computer. And if the execution object corresponding to the signal is the lower computer of the other satellite, sending the signal to an inter-satellite link system and forwarding the signal to the other satellite. In this process, the configuration management module 111 may further perform decryption processing on the uplink radio frequency signal sent by the ground terminal, and may perform encryption processing on the baseband signal sent by the inter-satellite system. In the actual operation process, the signals can be correspondingly encrypted and decrypted according to the needs of users, so that the safety of signal transmission can be improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the satellite borne communication device 100 may implement switching between different modes by receiving a mode switching instruction sent by the ground terminal, so as to reduce the scale of the hardware circuit of the baseband processing module 110 and save the design cost. In addition, the rf module 120 adopts a design of a common rf receiving channel, and can implement communication of uplink rf signals with different transmission rates by combining the baseband processing module 110. In addition, the satellite-borne communication machine 100 integrates the functions of remotely controlling and telemetering the satellite and routing the satellite information, can directly process or distribute the uplink radio frequency signal and the signal to be forwarded, can simplify the satellite information flow, reduce the interface design among systems, and optimize the system configuration.
In the following, a specific embodiment of the satellite based communication system is described based on the satellite based communication system described above.
The satellite-borne communication system may include the satellite-borne communicator 100, a microwave network 200 module, a transmitting antenna 400, a first transceiving antenna and a second transceiving antenna, where the microwave network module 200 may be specifically a five-port microwave network, the transmitting antenna 400 may be a feed transmitting antenna, the first transceiving antenna may be an antenna for antenna-to-antenna transceiving, and the second transceiving antenna may be an antenna for ground transceiving.
In an alternative embodiment, the satellite communication system may include 1 satellite communicator 100, 1 five-port microwave network, 1 sub-feed transmitting antenna and 2 sub-transmitting and receiving antennas 300. The satellite borne communication machine 100 may include a radio frequency module 120 and a baseband processing module 110, the radio frequency module 120 and the baseband processing module 110 communicate using an internal bus interface, and the satellite borne communication machine 100 may be in a feeding mode or a measurement and control mode based on a preset time division multiplexing rule.
In another optional implementation, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of a satellite-borne communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the satellite-borne communication system may include 1 satellite-borne communicator 100 including a main backup dual-machine, that is, the satellite-borne communicator 100 may include a first satellite-borne communicator and a second satellite-borne communicator, may further include 1 five-port microwave network, 2 sub-feed transmitting antennas and 2 sub-receiving and transmitting antennas 300, and may further include 2 sets of configuration management programs, 2 sets of measurement and control signal processing programs, and 2 sets of feed signal processing programs. When the satellite-borne communication machines containing the main backup dual-machine work, one of the satellite-borne communication machines can be set to be in a feed mode, and the other satellite-borne communication machine is set to be in a measurement and control mode. For example, the first satellite-borne communicator can be set to be in a feeding mode, and the second satellite-borne communicator can be set to be in a measurement and control mode.
For the convenience of understanding, the following description specifically describes the satellite-borne communication system including 1 satellite-borne communication device 100 including a main backup dual device, 1 five-port microwave network, 2 sub-feed transmitting antennas 400, and 2 sub-transmitting and receiving antennas 300 as an example.
Fig. 3 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a satellite-borne communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is specifically shown in fig. 3. The satellite-borne communication system can comprise 1 satellite-borne communication machine comprising a main backup dual-machine, wherein the main backup satellite-borne communication machine and the backup satellite-borne communication machine share the radio frequency module 120 and the baseband processing module 110, and the radio frequency module 120 and the baseband processing module 110 adopt an internal bus interface for communication.
In particular, the baseband signals may include a first baseband signal, a first radio frequency signal, a second baseband signal, and a second radio frequency signal.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the rf module 120 has 1 input and 2 outputs, that is, the rf module 120 may include a signal receiving channel 121, a first transmitting channel 122, and a second transmitting channel 123, and the signal receiving channel 121, the first transmitting channel 122, and the second transmitting channel 123 are respectively connected to the baseband processing module 110. When the satellite borne communication machine 100 is in the first mode or the second mode, the signal receiving channel 121 may receive uplink radio frequency signals with different transmission rates sent by the ground terminal.
Specifically, the signal receiving channel 121 may be a radio frequency receiving channel, the first transmitting channel 122 may be a feeding transmitting channel, and the second transmitting channel 123 may be a measurement and control transmitting channel. The radio frequency receiving channel, the feed transmitting channel and the measurement and control transmitting channel are respectively connected with the baseband processing module 110. When the satellite borne communicator 100 is in the feeding mode or the measurement and control mode, the radio frequency receiving channel may receive feeding uplink radio frequency signals or measurement and control uplink radio frequency signals with different transmission rates, which are sent by the ground terminal. The radio frequency receiving channel adopts a rate adaptive technology, and can demodulate signals with different transmission rates in a feed mode and a measurement and control mode in the radio frequency receiving channel, and send intermediate frequency signals obtained after demodulation to the baseband processing module 110 at the same rate. The feeding mode and the measurement and control mode adopt a design of sharing a radio frequency receiving channel, and the communication of uplink radio frequency signals with different transmission rates can be realized by combining the baseband processing module 110. The first transmitting channel 122 and the second transmitting channel 123 are respectively connected to the baseband processing module 110, the first transmitting channel 122 may be configured to transmit a first radio frequency signal, that is, a feeding downlink signal, and the second transmitting channel 123 may be configured to transmit a second radio frequency signal, that is, a measurement and control downlink signal.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the baseband processing module 110 may include a configuration management module 111, a first memory 114, a second memory 115, a signal processing module 112, and a digital-to-analog conversion module 113, where the first memory 114, the second memory 115, and the signal processing module 112 are respectively connected to the configuration management module 111, and the digital-to-analog conversion module 113 is connected to the signal processing module 112.
The configuration management module 111 may monitor the running state of the self program, and implement the on-track management function by automatically refreshing the self program at a fixed time or manually resetting the configuration variable, for example, the self program may be refreshed at a fixed time according to a preset time, where the preset time may be a second level or a day unit, and the implementation of the present invention is not limited specifically. When the signal processing module 112 has a program exception, the configuration management module 111 may also reload the program in the signal processing module 112 through a reset instruction. In addition, the configuration management module 111 may further acquire system device analog quantities, for example, acquire an operating voltage, an operating current, an operating temperature, a transmitting power of a transmitting channel, an automatic gain of a receiving channel, and the like of the system device.
In an alternative embodiment, the first memory 114 may store a program corresponding to the first mode, and the second memory 115 may store a program corresponding to the second mode. For example, the first memory 114 may be a memory in which a feeding signal processing program is stored, and the second memory 115 may be a memory in which a measurement and control signal processing program is stored. The digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion module 113 may include 1 analog-to-digital conversion module and 2 digital-to-analog conversion modules, and the 1 analog-to-digital conversion module and the 2 digital-to-analog conversion modules are respectively connected to the signal processing module 112.
When the satellite communication device 100 is powered on, the configuration management module 111 may read a program corresponding to the first mode from the first memory 114 and load the program into the signal processing module 112 to control the satellite communication device 100 to be in the first mode, and if a mode switching instruction exists in the uplink radio frequency signal, the configuration management module 111 may read a program corresponding to the second mode from the second memory 115 and load the program into the signal processing module 112 to control the satellite communication device 100 to be switched from the first mode to the second mode. For example, each time the satellite borne communication device 100 is powered on, the measurement and control signal processing program may be called by default, and the ground terminal may send the uplink radio frequency signal including the mode switching instruction, so that the configuration management module 111 in the satellite borne communication device 100 may call the feed signal processing program to control the satellite borne communication device 100 to switch from the measurement and control mode to the feed mode. The baseband processing module 110 of the satellite borne communication machine 100 appoints that the same transmission rate is adopted for the externally output data while configuring different modes, so that the lower computer does not need to adjust configuration software according to different modes of the satellite borne communication machine 100 while the communication machine realizes the switching of different modes, the design difficulty of the lower computer is further reduced, and the design scale of the baseband processing module 110 circuit can be reduced.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing module 112 may implement an uplink rf signal processing function and a baseband signal processing function. Specifically, in a specific embodiment, the digital-to-analog conversion module 113 may perform analog-to-digital conversion on an intermediate frequency signal sent by the signal receiving channel 121 in the radio frequency module 120, and send the converted data to the signal processing module 112, the digital-to-analog conversion module 113 may also perform digital-to-analog conversion on a first baseband signal, convert the first baseband signal into a first downlink intermediate frequency signal, and send the first downlink intermediate frequency signal to the first transmitting channel 122, and the digital-to-analog conversion module 113 may also perform digital-to-analog conversion on a second baseband signal, convert the second baseband signal into a second downlink intermediate frequency signal, and send the second downlink intermediate frequency signal to the second transmitting channel 122.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the above-described satellite communication system may further include a transmitting antenna 400, where the transmitting antenna 400 is connected to the first transmitting channel 122 of the radio frequency module 120 in the satellite communication machine 100 for receiving the first signal. In an alternative embodiment, the transmitting antenna 400 may be a feeding transmitting antenna, that is, the feeding transmitting antenna is connected to the feeding transmitting channel to receive the feeding downlink signal fed back by the configuration management module 111. Specifically, the feed antenna may be in the form of a spiral antenna, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed transmitting antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, a first spiral line 402 is wound around a first feeder support rod 401, the first feeder support rod 401 is connected to a first floor 403, the first floor 403 is connected to a first radio frequency socket 404, and a feeder is disposed inside the first feeder support rod 401. The feeding downlink signal can be fed through the first rf socket 404, and is sent to the first spiral line 402 through the feeding line inside the first feeding line support rod 401, and the feeding downlink signal current flows through the microwave signal generated on the first spiral line 402, and is sent to the space after being reflected by the first floor 403. When the satellite-borne communication system includes 1 satellite-borne communication machine 100 including a main backup dual machine, the feeding transmitting antenna may include a main feeding transmitting antenna and a backup feeding transmitting antenna, the main feeding transmitting antenna is connected to the feeding transmitting channel, and the backup feeding transmitting antenna is connected to the feeding transmitting channel. Fig. 5 is a directional diagram of a beam provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the feed transmitting antenna may use the geotopographic shaped beam shown in fig. 5, i.e., a two-end high-gain, middle-gain directional diagram. Therefore, signal amplitude fluctuation caused by satellite-ground distance change when the satellite is in orbit can be reduced.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the satellite-borne communication system described above may further include a microwave network module 200, a first transceiving antenna, and a second transceiving antenna. The first transceiving antenna can be a transceiving antenna of a satellite for the ground (towards the earth), the second transceiving antenna can be a transceiving antenna of the satellite for the sky (back to the earth), the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna can receive uplink radio-frequency signals sent by a ground terminal, and the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna can also measure and control downlink signals sent by the measurement and control transmitting channel. Specifically, the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna may both adopt a form of a biconical helical antenna, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the transceiving antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, a second helical line 302 is wound around a second feeder support rod 301, the second feeder support rod 301 is connected to a second ground plate 303, the second ground plate 303 is connected to a second radio frequency socket 304, and a feeder line is disposed inside the second feeder support rod 301. The measurement and control downlink signal can be fed in through the second radio frequency socket 304, and is sent to the second spiral line 302 through the feeder line inside the second feeder line support rod 301, and the measurement and control downlink signal current flows through the second spiral line 302, generates a microwave signal, and is sent to the space after being reflected by the second floor 303. The process of the uplink radio frequency signal is the inverse process of the measurement and control of the downlink signal described above, and is not described here again.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first transceiving antenna is connected to the microwave network module 200, the second transceiving antenna is connected to the microwave network module 200, the microwave network module 200 can obtain uplink radio frequency signals received by the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna, the microwave network module 200 is connected to the signal receiving channel 121, and the microwave network module 200 sends the uplink radio frequency signals to the signal receiving channel 121. Fig. 7 is a schematic coverage diagram of a first transceiving antenna and a second transceiving antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, 2 pairs of transceiving antennas 300 are respectively responsible for covering at least ± 65 ° of space, and the 2 pairs of transceiving antennas can perform signal synthesis through the microwave network module 200, so as to implement quasi-total space coverage in a radiation direction, and when a satellite attitude changes, both the first transceiving antennas and the second transceiving antennas can receive an uplink radio frequency signal sent by a ground terminal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the microwave network 200 module described above may include a bridge 201, a first duplexer 202, and a second duplexer 203. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave network module according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a bridge 201 may be connected to a first transceiver antenna, a second transceiver antenna, a first duplexer 202, and a second duplexer 203, and the bridge 121 is configured to acquire uplink radio frequency signals received by the first transceiver antenna and the second transceiver antenna, and send the uplink radio frequency signals to the first duplexer 202 and the second duplexer 203. Specifically, the bridge 201 may obtain one uplink radio frequency signal received by the first transceiver antenna and one uplink radio frequency signal received by the second transceiver antenna, combine the two uplink radio frequency signals, and split the combined uplink radio frequency signal and send the split uplink radio frequency signal to the first duplexer 202 and the second duplexer 203. The bridge 121 is configured to acquire a second rf signal transmitted by the first duplexer 202 and the second duplexer 203, and transmit the second rf signal to the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna. Specifically, the bridge 121 may obtain one path of second radio frequency signal sent by the first duplexer 202 and one path of second radio frequency signal sent by the second duplexer 203, combine the two paths of second radio frequency signals, and send the two paths of second radio frequency signals to the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna.
In an optional implementation manner, the first duplexer 202 is connected to the signal receiving channel 121 of the first satellite borne communication machine, and the first duplexer 202 is configured to send an uplink radio frequency signal to the signal receiving channel 121 of the first satellite borne communication machine; the first duplexer 202 is further connected to the second transmitting channel 123 of the first satellite borne communication device, and the first duplexer 202 is configured to receive a second radio frequency signal sent by the second transmitting channel 123 of the first satellite borne communication device and send the second radio frequency signal to the bridge 201. The second duplexer 203 is connected with the signal receiving channel 121 of the second satellite-borne communicator, and the second duplexer 202) is configured to send an uplink radio frequency signal to the signal receiving channel 121 of the second satellite-borne communicator. The second duplexer 203 is further connected to the second transmitting channel 123 of the second satellite based communication device, and the second duplexer 203 is configured to receive a second radio frequency signal sent by the second transmitting channel 123 of the second satellite based communication device and send the second radio frequency signal to the bridge 201.
When the satellite-borne communication machine is only one satellite-borne communication machine, the first duplexer 202 is connected with the signal receiving channel 121 of the satellite-borne communication machine, and the first duplexer 202 is used for sending an uplink radio frequency signal to the signal receiving channel 121 of the satellite-borne communication machine; the first duplexer 202 is further connected to the second transmitting channel 123 of the satellite communication machine, and the first duplexer 202 is configured to receive a second radio frequency signal sent by the second transmitting channel 123 of the satellite communication machine and send the second radio frequency signal to the bridge 201. The second duplexer 203 is connected to a matching load having a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
By adopting the satellite-borne communication system provided by the embodiment of the application, the receiving module in the radio frequency module of the satellite-borne communication machine adopts the design of a shared channel, and the communication of uplink radio frequency signals with different transmission rates under different working modes can be realized by combining the baseband processing module. In addition, the satellite-borne communication machine integrates the functions of remote control terminals, inter-satellite information routing and storage of important satellite parameters, can directly process or distribute uplink instruction signals and inter-satellite information, can simplify the on-satellite information flow, reduce the interface design among systems, optimize the system configuration, and simultaneously can improve the reliability and the safety of the satellite.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the term "coupled" is to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It should be noted that: the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration only, and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in the order of execution in different embodiments and achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown or connected to enable the desired results to be achieved, and in some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment is described with emphasis on differences from other embodiments.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A satellite-borne communication system, characterized by comprising a satellite-borne communication machine (100), wherein the satellite-borne communication machine (100) comprises a radio frequency module (120) and a baseband processing module (110), and the radio frequency module (120) is connected with the baseband processing module (110);
the radio frequency module (120) comprises a signal receiving channel (121), the signal receiving channel (121) is used for receiving an uplink radio frequency signal sent by a ground terminal and sending the uplink radio frequency signal to the baseband processing module (110), and the uplink radio frequency signal is a signal with different transmission rates received when the satellite-borne communication machine (100) is in a first mode or a second mode;
the baseband processing module (110) includes a configuration management module (111), and the configuration management module (111) is configured to convert the uplink radio frequency signal to obtain a target signal, determine an execution object corresponding to the target signal, and send the target signal to the corresponding execution object, so that the execution object executes execution content corresponding to the target signal, and feeds back a telemetry signal to the configuration management module (111); the configuration management module (111) is further configured to receive the telemetry signal and a baseband signal transmitted by an inter-satellite system, and transmit the telemetry signal and the baseband signal to the radio frequency module (120).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the baseband signals comprise a first baseband signal, a first radio frequency signal, a second baseband signal, and a second radio frequency signal,
the radio frequency module (120) further comprises a first transmit channel (122) and a second transmit channel (123);
the first transmission channel (122) and the second transmission channel (123) are respectively connected to the baseband processing module (110), the first transmission channel (122) is configured to transmit the first radio frequency signal, and the second transmission channel (123) is configured to transmit the second radio frequency signal.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the baseband processing module (110) further comprises a signal processing module (112) and a digital-to-analog/analog conversion module (113);
the configuration management module (111), the signal processing module (112), the digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion module (113) and the radio frequency module (120) are connected in sequence,
the digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion module (113) is configured to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the uplink radio frequency signal and send the converted data to the signal processing module (112), and the digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion module (113) is further configured to perform digital-to-analog conversion on the first baseband signal and send the converted data to the first transmitting channel (122), and perform digital-to-analog conversion on the second baseband signal and send the converted data to the second transmitting channel (123).
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the baseband processing module (110) further comprises a first memory (114) and a second memory (115);
the first memory (114) and the second memory (115) are respectively connected with the configuration management module (111), and the configuration management module (111) is connected with the signal processing module (112);
when the satellite borne communication machine (100) is powered on, the configuration management module (111) reads a program corresponding to the first mode from the first memory (114) and loads the program into the signal processing module (112) to control the satellite borne communication machine (100) to be in the first mode;
if a mode switching instruction exists in the uplink radio frequency signal, the configuration management module (111) reads a program corresponding to the second mode from the second memory (115), and loads the program into the signal processing module (112) to control the satellite-borne communication machine (100) to switch from the first mode to the second mode.
5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that said on-board communication machine (100) is in said first mode or in said second mode based on preset time-division multiplexing rules;
or,
when the on-board communicator (100) comprises a first on-board communicator and a second on-board communicator, the first on-board communicator is in the first mode and the second on-board communicator is in the second mode.
6. The system of claim 2, further comprising a transmit antenna (400);
the transmitting antenna (400) is connected to the first transmitting channel (122), and the transmitting antenna (400) is configured to transmit the first radio frequency signal.
7. The system according to claim 2, further comprising a microwave network module (200), a first transceiving antenna and a second transceiving antenna;
the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna are respectively connected with the microwave network module (200), the microwave network module (200) is connected with the signal receiving channel (121), and the microwave network module (200) is used for acquiring the uplink radio frequency signals received by the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna and sending the uplink radio frequency signals to the signal receiving channel (121);
the microwave network module (200) is connected to the second transmitting channel (123), and the microwave network module (200) is configured to send the second radio frequency signal sent by the second transmitting channel (123) to the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the microwave network module (200) comprises a bridge (201), a first diplexer (202) and a second diplexer (203);
the electric bridge (201) is respectively connected to the first transceiver antenna and the second transceiver antenna, and the electric bridge (201) is configured to acquire the uplink radio frequency signals received by the first transceiver antenna and the second transceiver antenna, and send the uplink radio frequency signals to the first duplexer (202) and the second duplexer (203);
the bridge (201) is respectively connected to the first duplexer (202) and the second duplexer (203), and the bridge (121) is configured to acquire the second radio frequency signal sent by the first duplexer (202) and the second duplexer (203), and send the second radio frequency signal to the first transceiving antenna and the second transceiving antenna.
9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the first duplexer (202) is connected to the signal receiving channel (121), and the first duplexer (202) is configured to transmit the uplink radio frequency signal to the signal receiving channel (121);
the second duplexer (203) is connected to a load.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein if the on-board communication device (100) comprises a first on-board communication device and a second on-board communication device,
the first duplexer (202) is connected with the signal receiving channel (121) of the first satellite-borne communication machine, and the first duplexer (202) is used for sending the uplink radio-frequency signal to the signal receiving channel (121) of the first satellite-borne communication machine;
the second duplexer (203) is connected with the signal receiving channel (121) of the second satellite-borne communication machine, and the second duplexer (202) is used for sending the uplink radio-frequency signal to the signal receiving channel (121) of the second satellite-borne communication machine.
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