CN113053584B - Nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature conductor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature conductor and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113053584B
CN113053584B CN202110265871.6A CN202110265871A CN113053584B CN 113053584 B CN113053584 B CN 113053584B CN 202110265871 A CN202110265871 A CN 202110265871A CN 113053584 B CN113053584 B CN 113053584B
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temperature
alloy
nickel
resistant coating
copper alloy
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CN113053584A (en
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冯晶
利建雨
汪俊
李振军
王峰
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Shaanxi Tianxuan Coating Technology Co ltd
Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Shaanxi Tianxuan Coating Technology Co ltd
Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
    • H01B13/2606—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by braiding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2806—Protection against damage caused by corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/006—Constructional features relating to the conductors

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wires, and particularly discloses a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature wire and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a gelatinous high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution by using water, high-purity zirconia nano powder, high-purity alumina nano powder, composite tantalate, composite phosphate, a defoaming agent and a dispersing agent, coating the gelatinous high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution on a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor, curing to form a high-temperature-resistant coating A, wrapping the high-temperature-resistant coating A by using a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt to form a heat insulation layer B, weaving a heat insulation layer C on the heat insulation layer B by using polycrystalline mullite fiber, and finally manufacturing a high-temperature-resistant coating A on the heat insulation layer C to obtain the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature conductor wrapped by the gradient coating A/B/C/A. The ultra-high temperature wire prepared by the invention has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high flexibility, light weight and the like, and can be suitable for high temperature environments such as metallurgy, chemical engineering, aerospace, ocean and the like.

Description

Nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature conductor and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wires, in particular to a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature resistant lead is a novel power transmission and transformation engineering material. With the rapid development of social science and technology, many devices, instruments and meters and automatic production lines in the industries of ferrous metallurgy coal power generation, material chemical industry and the like need to work under the high-temperature condition, so that certain safety and reliability of the conductive material used in the high-temperature environment are ensured.
At present, aiming at the aspect of power transmission engineering materials, China primarily solves the problems of medium-low temperature insulated wires and cables, and in the aspect of high-temperature insulated wires, although certain theoretical research and application exist at home at present, the design, preparation and research steps of the ultra-high temperature insulated wires are small because of more involved theories and factors. At present, most of the commonly used power transmission engineering materials are aluminum-based or copper-based power transmission lines, wherein most of high molecular (organic) insulated cable conductors cannot be used at the temperature of more than 300 ℃, and particularly cannot persist for more than 5min in high-temperature and open-fire environments.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a wire having better high temperature resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention is directed to a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra high temperature wire and a method for manufacturing the same.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a ni-co/al/cu alloy ultra high temperature wire, comprising the steps of:
(1) single-wire stranding a plurality of nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wires to prepare a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor;
(2) preheating water by adopting a sol-gel method, weighing high-purity zirconia nano powder, high-purity alumina nano powder, composite tantalate and composite phosphate according to a ratio, adding the materials into the water, heating, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding a defoaming agent and a dispersing agent, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a gel-like high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution;
(3) and (3) coating the high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution obtained in the step (2) on the conductor obtained in the step (1), curing and heating to form a high-temperature-resistant coating A with uniform thickness, wrapping the high-temperature-resistant coating A with a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt to form a heat-insulating layer B, weaving a heat-insulating layer C on the heat-insulating layer B with polycrystalline mullite fiber, coating the high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution on the heat-insulating layer C, curing and heating to form a high-temperature-resistant coating A with uniform thickness, and thus obtaining the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high-temperature wire which is made by wrapping the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor with the gradient coating A/B/C/A.
Further, in the step (1), the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wire is prepared by melting, wire drawing and annealing nickel-cobalt alloy, aluminum alloy and copper alloy powder.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the nickel-cobalt alloy, the aluminum alloy and the copper alloy powder is 1-3: 90-95: 4 to 7.
Optionally, the melting temperature is 1430-1450 ℃, the annealing temperature is 750-850 ℃, the annealing time is 3-5h, the wire drawing diameter is 0.3mm, and the error is 0.002-0.006 mm.
Further, in the step (1), 10 to 15 conductors are combined into one group, and the conductors are obtained by twisting and stranding the monofilaments.
Further, in the step (2), the water is deionized water.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the high-purity zirconia nano powder to the high-purity alumina nano powder to the composite phosphate is 1-3: 1-2: 3-4, wherein the mass of the composite tantalate is 1-5% of the total mass of the high-purity zirconia nano powder, the high-purity alumina nano powder and the composite phosphate.
Further, in the step (2), the heating temperature is 85-95 ℃, the stirring speed is 600-750r/min, and the stirring time is 20-30 min.
Further, in the step (2), the purities of the high-purity zirconia nano powder and the high-purity alumina nano powder are both 95% or more.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the defoaming agent to the dispersing agent is 1: 3-5, wherein the defoaming agent accounts for 1-3% of the total mass of the mixed solution.
Further, in the step (3), the thickness of the high-temperature resistant coating A is 0.3-0.5 mm.
Further, in the step (3), the curing heating temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the curing heating time is 18-24 h.
Further, in the step (3), the thickness of the heat insulation layer B is 3-5 mm.
Further, in the step (3), the thickness of the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt is 0.8-1..2 mm.
Further, in the step (3), an ingot braiding machine is used for braiding the polycrystalline mullite fiber, and a heat insulation layer C is braided on the heat insulation layer B.
Optionally, during weaving, polycrystalline mullite fibers with the diameter of 38-40 μm are used, the number of strands is 5-7, the weaving pitch is 13-20, the weaving angle is 60-65 degrees, the outer diameter after weaving is 4-4.5mm, and the weaving density of the polycrystalline mullite fibers is not less than 95%.
The second aspect of the invention provides a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature wire prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect.
As described above, the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature conductor and the preparation method thereof of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature lead comprises a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor and a gradient coating A/B/C/A wrapped on the outer layer of the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor, wherein the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor is formed by twisting nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wires, and is a high-temperature-resistant signal conductor with high strength and good heat resistance; the high-temperature-resistant coating A is a composite tantalate coating consisting of a high-temperature-resistant inorganic binder (composite phosphate) and fillers (zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide), wherein the binder and the fillers can be kept stable and do not change greatly under an ultrahigh-temperature environment, and the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor is wrapped by the composite tantalate coating, so that the heat resistance and the corrosion resistance of the conductor can be improved; a heat insulation layer B made of a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt layer and a heat insulation layer C woven by polycrystalline mullite fibers are wrapped outside the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor coated with the composite tantalate coating, so that the fire resistance and the heat resistance degree of the lead can be further improved; and finally, coating a high-temperature-resistant coating A outside the heat-insulating layer C, so that the heat-insulating layers B and C can be protected, and the heat resistance and the corrosion resistance of the lead can be further improved.
The lead has the advantages of light weight, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, good thermal stability, small heat capacity, high flexibility and the like, is expected to become a conductive carrier for energy transmission in high-temperature environment, and is widely applied to the high-temperature environment in the fields of metallurgy, chemical industry, aerospace, ocean and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a microscopic topography (· 2000) of the high temperature resistant coating a in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a thermal diffusion diagram of the refractory coating A in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature wire, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the proportion of 1-3: 90-95: mixing nickel-cobalt alloy, aluminum alloy and copper alloy powder according to a mass ratio of 4-7, smelting, drawing and annealing to prepare nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wires, and twisting a plurality of nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wires into a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor in a single wire manner;
(2) preheating water by adopting a sol-gel method, weighing high-purity zirconia nano powder, high-purity alumina nano powder, composite tantalate and composite phosphate according to a ratio, adding the materials into the water, heating, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding a defoaming agent and a dispersing agent, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a gel-like high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution;
(3) and (3) coating the high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution obtained in the step (2) on the conductor obtained in the step (1), curing and heating to form a high-temperature-resistant coating A with uniform thickness, so as to obtain a wire wrapped by the high-temperature-resistant coating A, wrapping the high-temperature-resistant coating A by using a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt to form a heat-insulating layer B, then weaving polycrystalline mullite fiber by using an ingot weaving machine, weaving a heat-insulating layer C on the heat-insulating layer B, finally coating the high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution on the heat-insulating layer C, curing and heating to form a high-temperature-resistant coating A with uniform thickness, so as to obtain the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature wire made by wrapping the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor by the gradient coating A/B/C/A.
Further, in the step (1), the melting temperature is 1430-.
Further, in the step (1), 10 to 15 conductors are combined into one group, and the conductors are obtained by twisting and stranding the monofilaments.
Further, in the step (2), the water is deionized water.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the high-purity zirconia nano powder to the high-purity alumina nano powder to the composite phosphate is 1-3: 1-2: 3-4, wherein the mass of the composite tantalate is 1-5% of the total mass of the high-purity zirconia nano powder, the high-purity alumina nano powder and the composite phosphate.
Further, in the step (2), the heating temperature is 85-95 ℃, the stirring speed is 600-750r/min, and the stirring time is 20-30 min.
Further, in the step (2), the purities of the high-purity zirconia nano powder and the high-purity alumina nano powder are both 95% or more. The purity of the high-purity zirconia nanopowder used in the following examples was 96%, and the purity of the high-purity alumina nanopowder was 99%.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the defoaming agent to the dispersing agent is 1: 3-5, wherein the defoaming agent accounts for 1-3% of the total mass of the mixed solution. The defoaming agent adopted in the embodiment of the invention is an organic silicon type defoaming agent, and the dispersing agent is a sodium polyacrylate dispersing agent (federal in Guangdong).
Further, in the step (3), the thickness of the high temperature resistant coating A is 0.3-0.5 mm.
Further, in the step (3), the curing heating temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the curing heating time is 18-24 h.
Further, in the step (3), the thickness of the heat insulation layer B is 3-5 mm.
Further, in the step (3), the thickness of the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt is 0.8-1.2 mm.
Further, in the step (3), during weaving, polycrystalline mullite fibers of 38-40 μm are used, the number of strands is 5-7, the weaving pitch is 13-20, the weaving angle is 60-65 degrees, the outer diameter after weaving is 4-4.5mm, and the weaving density of the polycrystalline mullite fibers is not less than 95%.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature conductor of the embodiment is as follows:
fully smelting the proportioned nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy powder (mass ratio is 1: 95: 4) at 1435 ℃, drawing into a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wire with the diameter of 0.2986mm, and annealing at 765 ℃ for 4.8 h. And placing the 14 annealed nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductors in each placing disc of a stranding machine, and enabling the conductors to enter a main machine of a bunching and take-up disc through a distributing plate to enable a single wire to be twisted in a rotating mode to form the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductors.
Weighing 50.32g of deionized water, preheating, adding 32.1652g of composite phosphate, 15.3625g of high-purity zirconia nano powder, 17.6384g of high-purity alumina nano powder and 2.7635g of composite tantalate when the temperature reaches 89 ℃, adding 0.32g of defoaming agent and 1.60g of dispersing agent at the rotation speed of 685r/min, and uniformly mixing the solution to obtain a gel-like high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution. Uniformly coating the conductor with a special mould at the temperature of 52 ℃ for 20h and the thickness of 0.35mm to obtain the lead wrapped by the high-temperature resistant coating A. And then wrapping the lead with the high-temperature-resistant coating A by using a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt with the thickness of 1.0mm, wherein the wrapping thickness is 4.01mm, and thus obtaining a heat insulation layer B. Weaving the polycrystalline mullite fiber by using an ingot weaving machine, wherein the strand is 5 polycrystalline mullite fibers with the diameter of 40 mu m, the weaving pitch is 15, the weaving angle is 62 degrees, the outer diameter after weaving is 4.2mm, the weaving density is 96 percent, and a heat insulation layer C is woven on the heat insulation layer B. And finally, uniformly coating a high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution on the heat insulation layer C, drying at the temperature of 52 ℃ for 20 hours at the thickness of 0.37mm, and then preparing a layer of high-temperature-resistant coating A, namely preparing the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature wire.
Fig. 1 shows a microscopic morphology of the refractory coating a in this example (× 2000). As can be seen from FIG. 1, after curing, the high temperature resistant coating A had a flat appearance and small particles were present.
Fig. 2 shows a thermal diffusion diagram of the refractory coating a in this example. As can be seen from fig. 2, when the thermal diffusion of the high temperature resistant coating a is detected at 800 ℃ or lower, the thermal diffusion of the sample before ablation is low, and the change with temperature is small, which indicates that the high temperature resistant coating a has low sensitivity to heat, and can be used in the range of 800 ℃ or lower. Therefore, the lead can be used at a high temperature of below 800 ℃ under the protection of the high-temperature resistant coating A.
Carrying out high-temperature flame gun ablation experiment: and (3) using a hydrogen oxygen lance as a fire source, measuring the temperature at the front side of the test by using an infrared detection device at the highest temperature of 1400 ℃, measuring the temperature at the back side by using a temperature sensor, and recording data. Tests prove that the ultrahigh-temperature lead prepared by the embodiment can resist the high temperature of 1200 ℃ at most and can be used under the condition of below 1200 ℃.
Example 2
The preparation method of the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature conductor of the embodiment is as follows:
fully smelting the proportioned nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy powder (mass ratio is 2: 93: 5) at 1438 ℃, drawing the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy powder into a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wire with the diameter of 0.3012mm, and annealing at 842 ℃ for 3.5 h. And placing the 13 annealed nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductors in each placing disc of a stranding machine, and enabling the conductors to enter a main machine of a bunching and take-up disc through a distributing plate to enable a single wire to rotate and twist to prepare the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductors.
51.326g of deionized water is weighed, preheated, 29.362g of composite phosphate, 17.3625g of high-purity zirconia nano powder, 13.3254g of high-purity alumina nano powder and 2.3201g of composite tantalate are added when the temperature reaches 94.5 ℃, 0.29g of defoaming agent and 0.896g of dispersing agent are added at the rotating speed of 740r/min, and the gelatinous high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution is obtained after the solution is uniformly mixed. Uniformly coating the conductor on a special die at the drying temperature of 59 ℃ for 18.2h, wherein the thickness of the conductor is 0.36mm, and the conductor is coated with the high-temperature-resistant coating A. And then wrapping the lead with the high-temperature-resistant coating A by using a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt with the thickness of 1.0mm, wherein the wrapping thickness is 3.98mm, and thus obtaining a heat insulation layer B. Weaving the polycrystalline mullite fiber by using an ingot weaving machine, wherein the folded yarn is 5 polycrystalline mullite fibers with the diameter of 40 mu m, the weaving pitch is 15, the weaving angle is 61.5 degrees, the outer diameter after weaving is 4.15mm, the weaving density is 98.6 percent, and a heat-insulating layer C is woven on the heat-insulating layer B. And finally, uniformly coating a high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution on the heat insulation layer C, drying for 20 hours at the temperature of 51.8 ℃ and at the thickness of 0.40mm, and then preparing a layer of high-temperature-resistant coating A, namely preparing the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature wire.
Through the test of a high-temperature flame gun ablation experiment, the ultra-high temperature wire prepared by the embodiment can resist the high temperature of 1300 ℃ at most and can be used under the condition of below 1300 ℃.
Example 3
The preparation method of the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature conductor of the embodiment is as follows:
fully smelting the proportioned nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy powder (the mass ratio is 3: 90: 7) at 1450 ℃, drawing the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy powder into a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wire with the diameter of 3.032mm, and annealing at 825 ℃ for 4.3 h. And placing the 14 annealed ultra-high temperature signal nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductors in each placing disc of a stranding machine, and entering a main machine of a bunching and take-up disc through a distributing board to enable the single wire to rotate and twist to form the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor.
49.638g of deionized water is weighed, preheated, 35.632g of composite phosphate, 16.325g of high-purity zirconia nano powder, 17.6384g of high-purity alumina nano powder and 3.032g of composite tantalate are added when the temperature reaches 89 ℃, 0.293g of defoaming agent and 0.873g of dispersing agent are added at the rotating speed of 740r/min, and the gel-like high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution is obtained after the solutions are uniformly mixed. Uniformly coating the conductor with a special mould at the drying temperature of 56 ℃ for 23.6h, wherein the thickness of the conductor is 0.39mm, and the conductor is coated with the high-temperature-resistant coating A. And then wrapping the lead with the high-temperature-resistant coating A by using a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt with the thickness of 1.0mm, wherein the wrapping thickness is 5.0mm, and thus obtaining a heat insulation layer B. Weaving the polycrystalline mullite fiber by using an ingot weaving machine, wherein the folded yarn is 5 polycrystalline mullite fibers with the diameter of 40 mu m, the weaving pitch is 15, the weaving angle is 63.5 degrees, the outer diameter after weaving is 4.2mm, the weaving density is 95.9 percent, and a heat-insulating layer C is woven on the heat-insulating layer B. And finally, uniformly coating a high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution on the heat insulation layer C, drying for 20 hours at the temperature of 52.1 ℃ and at the thickness of 0.38mm, and then preparing a layer of high-temperature-resistant coating A, namely preparing the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature wire.
Through the test of a high-temperature flame gun ablation experiment, the ultrahigh-temperature wire prepared by the embodiment can resist the high temperature of 1200 ℃ at most and can be used under the condition of below 1200 ℃.
Example 4
The preparation method of the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature conductor of the embodiment is as follows:
fully smelting the proportioned nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy powder (the mass ratio is 2: 92: 6) at 1430 ℃ and drawing the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy powder into a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wire with the diameter of 0.2986mm, wherein the annealing temperature is 835 ℃, and the annealing time is 4.4 hours. And placing 12 annealed nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductors in each placing disc of a stranding machine, and enabling the conductors to enter a main machine of a bunching and take-up disc through a distributing plate to enable a single wire to rotate and twist to prepare the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductors.
51.3269g of deionized water is weighed, preheated, 31.269g of composite phosphate, 14.965g of high-purity zirconia nano powder, 16.352g of high-purity alumina nano powder and 2.5621g of composite tantalate are added when the temperature reaches 93.6 ℃, 0.31g of defoaming agent and 1.54g of dispersing agent are added at the rotating speed of 660r/min, and the solution is uniformly mixed to obtain the gelatinous precursor solution of the high-temperature-resistant coating. Uniformly coating the conductor with a special mould at the drying temperature of 50 ℃ for 22h and the thickness of 0.37mm to obtain the lead wrapped by the high-temperature resistant coating A. And then wrapping the lead with the high-temperature-resistant coating A by using a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt with the thickness of 1.0mm, wherein the wrapping thickness is 4.01mm, and thus obtaining a heat insulation layer B. Weaving the polycrystalline mullite fiber by using an ingot weaving machine, wherein the folded yarn is 5 polycrystalline mullite fibers with the diameter of 40 mu m, the weaving pitch is 15, the weaving angle is 63 degrees, the outer diameter after weaving is 4.2mm, the weaving density is 97.8 percent, and a heat-insulating layer C is woven on the heat-insulating layer B. And finally, uniformly coating a high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution on the heat insulation layer C, drying for 20 hours at the temperature of 51.8 ℃ and at the thickness of 0.50mm, and then preparing a layer of high-temperature-resistant coating A, namely preparing the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature wire.
Through the test of a high-temperature flame gun ablation experiment, the ultrahigh-temperature lead prepared by the embodiment can resist the high temperature of 1250 ℃ at most and can be used under the condition of 1250 ℃.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultra-high temperature wire is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) single-wire stranding a plurality of nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wires to prepare a nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor;
(2) preheating water by adopting a sol-gel method, weighing high-purity zirconia nano powder, high-purity alumina nano powder, composite tantalate and composite phosphate according to a ratio, adding the materials into the water, heating, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding a defoaming agent and a dispersing agent, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a gel-like high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution; the mass ratio of the high-purity zirconia nano powder to the high-purity alumina nano powder to the composite phosphate is 1-3: 1-2: 3-4, wherein the mass of the composite tantalate is 1-5% of the total mass of the high-purity zirconia nano powder, the high-purity alumina nano powder and the composite phosphate;
(3) and (3) coating the high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution obtained in the step (2) on the conductor obtained in the step (1), curing and heating to form a high-temperature-resistant coating A with uniform thickness, wrapping the high-temperature-resistant coating A with a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt to form a heat insulation layer B, weaving a heat insulation layer C on the heat insulation layer B by using polycrystalline mullite fiber, coating the high-temperature-resistant coating precursor solution on the heat insulation layer C, curing and heating to form a high-temperature-resistant coating A with uniform thickness, and thus obtaining the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy ultrahigh-temperature wire prepared by wrapping the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy conductor with the gradient coating A/B/C/A.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the nickel-cobalt alloy/aluminum alloy/copper alloy wire is prepared by smelting nickel-cobalt alloy, aluminum alloy and copper alloy powder, drawing wire and annealing.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the mass ratio of the nickel-cobalt alloy, the aluminum alloy and the copper alloy powder is 1-3: 90-95: 4-7;
and/or the melting temperature is 1430-.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), 10-15 conductors are combined into a group, and the conductors are obtained by twisting the monofilaments.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (2), the water is deionized water;
and/or, in the step (2), the heating temperature is 85-95 ℃, the stirring speed is 600-750r/min, and the stirring time is 20-30 min;
and/or in the step (2), the purity of the high-purity zirconia nano powder and the purity of the high-purity alumina nano powder are both 95 percent or more;
and/or in the step (2), the mass ratio of the defoaming agent to the dispersing agent is 1: 3-5, wherein the defoaming agent accounts for 1-3% of the total mass of the mixed solution.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the thickness of the high-temperature resistant coating A is 0.3-0.5 mm;
and/or in the step (3), the curing heating temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the curing heating time is 18-24 h.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the thickness of the heat insulation layer B is 3-5 mm;
and/or the thickness of the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt is 0.8-1.2 mm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), an ingot braiding machine is used for braiding the polycrystalline mullite fiber, and a heat insulation layer C is braided on the heat insulation layer B.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: during weaving, polycrystalline mullite fibers with the diameter of 38-40 mu m are used, the number of strands is 5-7, the weaving pitch is 13-20, the weaving angle is 60-65 degrees, the outer diameter after weaving is 4-4.5mm, and the weaving density of the polycrystalline mullite fibers is not less than 95%.
10. An ultra-high temperature nickel-cobalt/aluminum/copper alloy wire manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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