CN113044963A - Active biological filter material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Active biological filter material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C02F3/104—Granular carriers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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Abstract
The invention provides an active biological filter material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment. The active biological filter material of the invention takes fly ash as a main raw material, has excellent adsorption performance, the used quicklime has dephosphorization effect, the zeolite powder has a plurality of micropores inside, has the capability of efficiently adsorbing ammonia nitrogen, and has unique adsorption, screening, ion exchange and catalytic performances, the active biological filter material provided by the invention has the characteristics of high strength, high porosity, large specific surface area and good capabilities of adsorbing ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus elements, so that the active biological filter material has multiple functions required by a sewage treatment process, can be used for various types of biological filters and can also be used as a substrate filter material of the artificial wetland, thereby improving the service performance of the filter material and the treatment effect of the whole sewage treatment system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an active biological filter material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the sewage treatment process, solid granular objects with large specific surface area, high porosity, stable chemical property, high mechanical strength and strong adsorption capacity are often adopted as active biological filter materials, so that the effects of physical filtration and chemical adsorption can be achieved, meanwhile, a large number of microorganisms can be attached to the surface of the filter materials, the growth of the microorganisms and the formation of a biological membrane are facilitated, efficient biodegradation and conversion are realized, and various pollutants in the sewage are efficiently removed. Such as: volcanic rock, ceramsite, zeolite and the like are often used as filter materials in biological filters and artificial wetlands.
The limited amount of natural filtering materials and the limited transportation distance caused by the uneven geographical distribution, and the high energy consumption, complex process and high production cost of the firing process of the active biological ceramsite cause that the materials cannot be widely and generally used.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an active biological filter material, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an active biological filter material which comprises the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
55-65% of fly ash, 18-20% of quick lime, 10-20% of zeolite powder, 4.0-7.5% of cement, 2-5% of gypsum, 0.04-0.05% of aluminum powder and 0.5-1.0% of water.
Preferably, the grain diameters of the fly ash, the quicklime and the gypsum are independently more than or equal to 100 meshes.
Preferably, the particle size of the active biological filter material is 0.5-5.0 cm.
Preferably, the porosity of the active biological filter material is 45-55%, and the volume weight is 0.9-0.95 g/cm3The bulk density is 0.7 to 0.85t/m3The strength is 3.5MPa, and the specific surface area is 8.5-9.1 cm2/g。
The invention provides a preparation method of the active biological filter material in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing fly ash, water, cement, quicklime, zeolite powder, gypsum and aluminum powder, and pouring the obtained slurry to obtain a pouring material;
sequentially pre-curing and cutting the castable to obtain a blank;
and (3) steaming, drying and crushing the blank in sequence to obtain the active biological filter material.
Preferably, before the pouring, the temperature of the slurry is 40-50 ℃, and in the pouring process, the temperature of the slurry is less than or equal to 90 ℃.
Preferably, the pre-culture temperature is 50 ℃, and the pre-culture time is 1-1.5 h.
Preferably, the strength of the central part of the blank is 0.05-0.07 Mpa.
Preferably, the steaming and pressing process comprises a heating stage, a constant temperature and pressure stage and a cooling and pressure reduction stage which are sequentially carried out; the temperature rise stage is carried out by raising the temperature from room temperature to 175 ℃ within 1.5-2 h; the time of the constant temperature and pressure stage is 5-7 hours, and the pressure is 0.8-1.2 Mpa; the time for reducing the temperature and the pressure is 100 min.
The invention provides application of the active biological filter material prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method in the technical scheme in a biological filter or an artificial wetland.
The invention provides an active biological filter material which comprises the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass: 55-65% of fly ash, 18-20% of quick lime, 10-20% of zeolite powder, 4.0-7.5% of cement, 2-5% of gypsum, 0.04-0.05% of aluminum powder and 0.5-1.0% of water. The zeolite powder has a dephosphorization effect, the zeolite powder has a plurality of micropores inside, has the capacity of efficiently adsorbing ammonia nitrogen, and has unique adsorption, screening, ion exchange and catalytic performances, and can adjust the pH value, adsorb heavy metal ions and various harmful substances, increase the dissolved oxygen in water and remove odor, simultaneously the active biological filter material has the characteristics of high strength, high porosity, large specific surface area and good capacities of adsorbing ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus elements, and simultaneously, a large number of microorganisms (high porosity and large specific surface area) can be attached to the surface of the active biological filter material, thereby being beneficial to the growth of microorganisms and forming a biological membrane.
The active biological filter material provided by the invention has the performance of a conventional filter material (being porous and large in specific surface area), and has multiple functions required by a sewage treatment process by utilizing the functions of removing phosphorus and nitrogen components, adjusting pH value, removing heavy metal ions, deodorizing and the like in the active biological filter material, can be used for various types of biological filter tanks, can also be used as a substrate filter material of an artificial wetland, improves the service performance of the filter material and the treatment effect of an integral sewage treatment system, and particularly creates necessary conditions for the comprehensive standard reaching of the water quality treated by a village-town-level sewage treatment system.
The active biological filter material provided by the invention has low manufacturing cost and simple manufacturing process, is manufactured and molded by a simple pre-curing and air-entrapping pore-forming process (steam-pressing), is crushed into particles with proper particle size after being molded and dried, can be put into use at one time, achieves the effect of long-term continuous action, and is easy to popularize and use in a large range on the premise of meeting the technical requirements of sewage treatment. In addition, the fly ash is used in a large proportion, so that the aim of recycling industrial wastes can be fulfilled, and the effects of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a biofilter according to application example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter basket in a biological filter in application example 1;
fig. 3 is a plan view of the constructed wetland in application example 2;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the constructed wetland in application example 2;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a biological aerated filter according to application example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an active biological filter material which comprises the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
55-65% of fly ash, 18-20% of quick lime, 10-20% of zeolite powder, 4.0-7.5% of cement, 2-5% of gypsum, 0.04-0.05% of aluminum powder and 0.5-1.0% of water.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the starting materials required for the preparation are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.
The preparation raw material of the active biological filter material comprises, by mass, 55-65% of fly ash, preferably 56-62% of fly ash, and more preferably 58-60% of fly ash. In the invention, the particle size of the fly ash is preferably more than or equal to 100 meshes; the fly ash with the particle size range is obtained by crushing and grinding, and the specific process of crushing and grinding is not particularly limited in the invention, and the particle size range can be achieved according to the process well known in the art. The fly ash used in the invention is easily available and cheap, has good chemical stability and adsorption performance, can be matched with quicklime, zeolite powder, cement and gypsum for molding, and can improve the mechanical strength of the filter material.
The preparation raw material of the active biological filter material comprises, by mass, 18-20% of quicklime, preferably 18.5-19.5%. In the invention, the particle size of the quicklime is preferably more than or equal to 100 meshes; the present invention preferably obtains the quicklime having the above particle size range by crushing and grinding, and the present invention does not specifically limit the specific process of the crushing and grinding, and the above particle size range can be achieved according to the processes well known in the art. In the invention, the quicklime is gradually converted into slaked lime until limestone (calcium carbonate) in the process of preparing the active biological filter material, when the active biological filter material is used for treating sewage and calcium ions contact phosphate ions in the sewage, a precipitation reaction is carried out to generate a water-insoluble granular solid substance Ca (PO)4)3OH is adsorbed on the surface of the filter material to separate out water or settle at the bottom of the tank, thereby achieving the purpose of removing phosphorus in the sewage.
The preparation raw materials of the active biological filter material comprise, by mass, 10-20% of zeolite powder, preferably 12-18%, more preferably 13-16%, and even more preferably 15%. In the present invention, the specification of the zeolite powder is not particularly limited, and commercially available zeolite powder known in the art may be used. According to the invention, the zeolite has the capability of efficiently adsorbing ammonia nitrogen, and a high-concentration ammonia nitrogen environment is formed in and on the surface of the filter material, so that the guarantee of material supply is provided for the microbial nitrification process and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and the efficiency of the microbial ammonia nitrogen degradation process is improved. In addition, because the zeolite powder has a plurality of micropores, the zeolite powder has unique adsorption, screening, ion exchange and catalytic performances, and has various effects of adjusting the pH value, adsorbing heavy metal ions and various harmful substances, increasing the dissolved oxygen in water, removing odor and the like.
The preparation raw materials of the active biological filter material comprise, by mass, 4.0-7.5% of cement, preferably 4.5-7.0%, more preferably 5.0-6.5%, and further preferably 6.0%. The specification of the cement is not particularly limited, and commercially available products known in the art may be used. The invention uses cement to strongly bond other components, so that the filter material has certain mechanical strength and can keep a fixed physical form for a long time.
The active biological filter material provided by the invention comprises 2-5% of gypsum by mass, preferably 2.5-4.5% of gypsum by mass, and more preferably 3.0-4.0% of gypsum by mass. In the invention, the particle size of the gypsum is preferably more than or equal to 100 meshes; the present invention preferably obtains gypsum in the above-mentioned particle size range by crushing and grinding, and the present invention is not particularly limited to the specific process of crushing and grinding, and the above-mentioned particle size range can be achieved by a process well known in the art. The invention utilizes gypsum as a retarder and controls the solidification speed of the active biological filter material in the preparation process, thereby obtaining the active biological filter material with proper strength.
The preparation raw material of the active biological filter material comprises 0.04-0.05% of aluminum powder by mass percentage, and preferably 0.045%. The specification of the aluminum powder is not particularly limited in the present invention, and commercially available aluminum powder known in the art may be used. The invention utilizes the reaction of aluminum powder, silicon dioxide in raw materials and quicklime to release gas, so that gaps are generated in the filter material.
The preparation raw material of the active biological filter material comprises, by mass, 0.5-1.0% of water, and preferably 0.6-0.8%. The invention utilizes water to promote the smooth proceeding of the preparation process of the filter material.
In the invention, the particle size of the active biological filter material is preferably 0.5-5.0 cm, and more preferably 2-4 cm.
In the invention, the porosity of the active biological filter material is preferably 45-55%, and the volume weight is preferably 0.9-0.95 g/cm3The bulk density is preferably 0.7 to 0.85t/m3The strength is preferably 3.5MPa, and the specific surface area is preferably 8.5-9.1 cm2/g。
The invention provides a preparation method of the active biological filter material in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing fly ash, water, cement, quicklime, zeolite powder, gypsum and aluminum powder, and pouring the obtained slurry to obtain a pouring material;
sequentially pre-curing and cutting the castable to obtain a blank;
and (3) steaming, drying and crushing the blank in sequence to obtain the active biological filter material.
The invention mixes fly ash, water, cement, quicklime, zeolite powder, gypsum and aluminum powder, and pours the obtained slurry to obtain the pouring material. In the invention, the process of mixing the fly ash, water, cement, quicklime, zeolite powder, gypsum and aluminum powder is preferably to sequentially add the fly ash, water, cement, lime, zeolite powder and gypsum into a stirring tank, stir for 3min, add the aluminum powder, and stir for 30s to obtain slurry. The specific process of the stirring tank and stirring is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the stirring may be performed according to a process known in the art. The aluminum powder is not particularly limited in the present invention, and any aluminum powder known in the art may be used.
In the invention, before the pouring, the temperature of the slurry is preferably 40-50 ℃, and in the pouring process, the temperature of the slurry is preferably less than or equal to 90 ℃.
After the castable is obtained, the castable is sequentially pre-cultured and cut to obtain a blank. In the invention, the pre-culture temperature is preferably 50 ℃, and the pre-culture time is preferably 1-1.5 h, more preferably 1.2-1.3 h. The invention preferably carries out the precuring until the strength of the central part of the castable is 0.05-0.07 Mpa (namely the strength of the central part of the obtained blank). The specific process of the cutting is not specially limited, and the transverse, longitudinal and milling face packet head cutting is carried out according to actual requirements. In the present invention, the green body scraps produced during cutting are preferably processed by a mortar mixer, pumped into a mixing tank, and mixed with other preparation raw materials for secondary mixing. The mortar mixer and the mixing rate thereof are not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be carried out according to a procedure well known in the art.
After a green body is obtained, the green body is sequentially autoclaved, dried and crushed to obtain the active biological filter material. In the invention, the steam-pressing is preferably carried out in a steam-pressing kettle, and the steam-pressing process preferably comprises a temperature-raising stage, a constant-temperature constant-pressure stage and a temperature-reducing and pressure-reducing stage which are sequentially carried out. Preferably, the autoclave is vacuumized for 30min to ensure that the pressure in the autoclave reaches-0.04-0.06 Mpa, high-temperature steam (preferably 195-210 ℃) is introduced into the autoclave to ensure that the blank reaches the temperature (175 ℃) required by curing (namely a temperature rise stage), and the temperature rise time is preferably 1.5-2 h. In the temperature raising stage, a large amount of condensed water is discharged, and the condensed water is preferably recovered in the present invention, and the specific process of the recovery is not particularly limited, and may be performed according to a process well known in the art.
After the temperature rise stage is finished, the temperature and the pressure are preferably kept at 175 ℃, the time of the constant temperature and pressure stage is preferably 5-7 hours, more preferably 5.5-6.5 hours, and the pressure is preferably 0.8-1.2 MPa, more preferably 0.9-1.1 MPa. The present invention preferably compensates for still kettle leakage and heat loss during the constant temperature and pressure stages according to procedures well known in the art.
In the invention, the time for reducing the temperature and the pressure is preferably 100min, and in the invention, the pressure is preferably reduced to 0 in the autoclave. The invention ensures the structure, strength and yield of the active biological filter material by controlling the cooling time. In order to save energy, the invention carries out steam conversion between kettles in the cooling stage, low-pressure steam is used for heating slurry, or a steam ejector is used for ejecting the low-pressure steam cooled in the autoclave into the autoclave which starts to be heated. The specific process of the inter-kettle steam transfer is not particularly limited, and the process is carried out according to the process known in the art.
The specific process of drying is not particularly limited in the present invention, and drying may be performed according to a process well known in the art.
In the invention, the crushing is preferably carried out in a hammer type or jaw type crusher, and after the crushing is finished, the crushed granules are preferably sorted by a vibrating screen so that the particle size of the active biological filter material is 0.5-5.0 cm. The present invention does not specifically limit the specific process of the pulverization and the classification, and the pulverization and the classification may be carried out according to a process well known in the art.
The invention provides application of the active biological filter material prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method in the technical scheme in a biological filter or an artificial wetland. The method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the method may be applied according to a method known in the art.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Sequentially crushing and grinding the fly ash, the quicklime and the gypsum to obtain the fly ash, the quicklime and the gypsum with the particle size of 100 meshes;
sequentially adding 55% of fly ash, 0.6% of water, 7.4% of cement, 18% of quick lime, 14.95% of zeolite powder and 4% of gypsum into a stirring tank, stirring for 3min, adding 0.05% of aluminum powder, stirring for 30s to obtain slurry (the temperature is 40 ℃), pouring the slurry, and controlling the temperature of the slurry to be less than or equal to 90 ℃ in the pouring process to obtain a pouring material;
precuring the castable at 50 ℃ for 1h, and cutting the obtained castable to obtain a blank (the strength of the central part is 0.05 Mpa);
placing the blank body in an autoclave, vacuumizing the autoclave for 30min to ensure that the pressure in the autoclave reaches 0.04Mpa, introducing high-temperature steam (at the temperature of 200 ℃) into the autoclave to ensure that the temperature of the blank body reaches 175 ℃ within 1.5h, keeping the temperature for 5h and keeping the pressure constant for 0.8Mpa, then reducing the pressure to 0 within 100min, cooling to room temperature, drying the obtained blank, crushing in a jaw crusher, and sorting to obtain an active biological filter material (the particle size is 0.5-5 cm); the porosity of the active biological filter material is 51 percent, and the volume weight is 0.91g/cm3The bulk density is 0.75t/m3Strength of 3.5MPa and specific surface area of 8.9cm2/g。
Example 2
Sequentially crushing and grinding the fly ash, the quicklime and the gypsum to obtain the fly ash, the quicklime and the gypsum with the particle size of 100 meshes;
sequentially adding 50.45% of fly ash, 0.6% of water, 7.5% of cement, 17.4% of quick lime, 20% of zeolite powder and 4% of gypsum into a stirring tank, stirring for 3min, adding 0.05% of aluminum powder, stirring for 30s to obtain slurry (the temperature is 45 ℃), pouring the slurry, and controlling the temperature of the slurry to be less than or equal to 90 ℃ in the pouring process to obtain a pouring material;
precuring the castable at 50 ℃ for 1.2h, and cutting the obtained castable to obtain a blank (the strength of the central part is 0.06 MPa);
placing the blank body in an autoclave, vacuumizing the autoclave for 30min to ensure that the pressure in the autoclave reaches 0.05Mpa, introducing high-temperature steam (at the temperature of 200 ℃) into the autoclave to ensure that the temperature of the blank body reaches 175 ℃ within 1.8h, keeping the temperature for 6h and keeping the pressure constant for 1.0Mpa, then reducing the pressure to 0 within 100min, cooling to room temperature, drying the obtained blank, crushing in a jaw crusher, and sorting to obtain an active biological filter material (the particle size is 1.5-3.0 cm); the porosity of the active biological filter material is 53 percentThe volume weight is 0.94g/cm3The bulk density is 0.82t/m3Strength of 3.5MPa and specific surface area of 9.0cm2/g。
Example 3
Sequentially crushing and grinding the fly ash, the quicklime and the gypsum to obtain the fly ash, the quicklime and the gypsum with the particle size of 100 meshes;
sequentially adding 55% of fly ash, 0.6% of water, 7.4% of cement, 17.95% of quick lime, 15% of zeolite powder and 4% of gypsum into a stirring tank, stirring for 3min, adding 0.05% of aluminum powder, stirring for 30s to obtain slurry (the temperature is 50 ℃), pouring the slurry, and controlling the temperature of the slurry to be less than or equal to 90 ℃ in the pouring process to obtain a pouring material;
precuring the castable at 50 ℃ for 1.5h, and cutting the obtained castable to obtain a blank (the strength of the central part is 0.07 Mpa);
placing the blank body in an autoclave, vacuumizing the autoclave for 30min to ensure that the pressure in the autoclave reaches 0.06Mpa, introducing high-temperature steam (at 200 ℃) into the autoclave to ensure that the temperature of the blank body reaches 175 ℃ within 2h, keeping the temperature for 7h, keeping the pressure constant for 1.2Mpa, reducing the pressure to 0 within 100min, cooling to room temperature, drying the obtained blank, crushing in a jaw crusher, and sorting to obtain an active biological filter material (the particle size is 0.5-5 cm); the porosity of the active biological filter material is 52 percent, and the volume weight is 0.9g/cm3The bulk density is 0.78t/m3Strength of 3.5MPa and specific surface area of 8.7cm2/g。
Application example 1
The active biological filter material prepared in the example 1 is used in a biological filter (such as the biological filter shown in figure 1), a special plastic filter material filling basket is adopted to fill the active biological filter material, the plane view, the section view and the size of the filter material filling basket are shown in figure 2, the size of the filter material filling basket is 646mm in length, 446mm in width and 446mm in height, the filling height of the active biological filter material is 250mm, every 6 filling baskets are stacked in one group, 55 groups are arranged and placed in order, and a pulse porous water distributor is arranged at the top of the filter material filling basket; the volume of the treated water of the biological filter is as follows: the volume of the active biological filter material is 0.3: 1.
The biological filter filled with the active biological filter material of the embodiment 1 is used for domestic sewage treatment, and when sewage enters the biological filter and passes through a filter material layer, large polluted organic molecules are intercepted and filtered by the filter material layer; small organic molecules and ammonia nitrogen molecules are adsorbed by the active biological filter material and the microbial film and are predated and degraded by the microbial film; in addition, sewage purification is realized through the effects of dephosphorization, adsorption, ammonia nitrogen conversion, sterilization and heavy metal ion adsorption of the active biological filter material; the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus removal rates obtained after domestic sewage treatment are calculated, and specific results are shown in table 1.
Application example 2
The active biological filter material prepared in the embodiment 2 is used in an artificial wetland system with the structure shown in fig. 3-4, the sewage treatment capacity of the artificial wetland system is 100t/d, the artificial wetland system is divided into 6 wetland units, and the volume of each wetland unit is as follows: length × width × height ═ 5.3 × 3.8 × 2.7m3The volume of the filter material of each wetland unit is 46.33m3(ii) a The total amount of the filter materials of the 6 wetland units is as follows: 277.932m3≈300m3Wherein the volume of the active biological filter material is 3:1 of daily treated water volume; the 6 wetland units are communicated in series, water flows enter and exit in a mode of water inlet at the middle lower part and water outlet at the lower part, and sewage flows sequentially pass through the wetland units.
As shown in figure 4, in each wetland unit cell body, according to the requirements of the artificial wetland regulations, the laying thickness of the active biological filter material is 2.3m, the particle size of the used active biological filter material is 1.5-3.0 cm, and the height of the water body at the upper part of the filter material is 10 cm.
The constructed wetland system paved with the active biological filter material prepared in example 2 was used for treating sewage, the sewage was treated by the biological filter in application example 1, the application example further purifies the sewage by the constructed wetland system, and the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus obtained after sewage treatment were calculated, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 Ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus removal data (%) -of domestic wastewater in application examples 1-2
As can be seen from Table 1, the active biological filter material provided by the invention has high ammonia nitrogen removal effect and phosphorus removal rate.
Application example 3
The active biological filter material prepared in example 3 is used in the biological aerated filter with the structure shown in fig. 5, the filter body of the biological aerated filter is of a steel concrete structure, and the volume (clearance) of the filter body is as follows: length × width × height ═ 8.0 × 4.0 × 2.4m3(ii) a Transversely laying 15 aeration pipes at a distance of 15cm from the bottom of the tank, wherein the pipe spacing is as follows: 50cm, the diameter of the aerator pipe: 63 mm; lay glass steel grating board apart from bottom of the pool 50cmc department, glass steel grating board lower part is equipped with the support column and supports, and grid thickness 5cm, grid aperture 1.5cm, the plastic mesh of aperture 1.0cm is laid at the grid top, prevents that the filter material from leaking down, and active biological filter material is filled to upper portion, fills highly 1.70m, still includes mud pipe, inlet tube and apopore, and concrete structure distributes and sees figure 5.
The volume of the treated water in the biological aerated filter shown in fig. 5 is 0.7:1 of the volume of the active biological filter material, and the hydraulic retention time is more than 8 h; the gas-water ratio is 10: 1.
The biological aerated filter packed with the active biological filter prepared in example 3 was used for treating domestic sewage in accordance with the above conditions, and the removal rates of phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen were calculated:
the results show that the total phosphorus index: total phosphorus index of inlet sewage: 5.60mg/L, total phosphorus index of treated effluent: 3.86mg/L, the removal rate is 31.0 percent, and the ammonia nitrogen index of the inlet sewage is as follows: 55.4mg/L, the index of the treated effluent ammonia nitrogen is as follows: 7.5mg/L, the removal rate is 86.4%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The active biological filter material is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
55-65% of fly ash, 18-20% of quick lime, 10-20% of zeolite powder, 4.0-7.5% of cement, 2-5% of gypsum, 0.04-0.05% of aluminum powder and 0.5-1.0% of water.
2. The active biofilter material of claim 1, wherein the particle sizes of said fly ash, quicklime and gypsum are independently no less than 100 mesh.
3. The active biological filter material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the active biological filter material is 0.5-5.0 cm.
4. The active biological filter material of claim 3, wherein the active biological filter material has a porosity of 45 to 55% and a volume weight of 0.9 to 0.95g/cm3The bulk density is 0.7 to 0.85t/m3The strength is 3.5MPa, and the specific surface area is 8.5-9.1 cm2/g。
5. The method for preparing the active biological filter material of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing fly ash, water, cement, quicklime, zeolite powder, gypsum and aluminum powder, and pouring the obtained slurry to obtain a pouring material;
sequentially pre-curing and cutting the castable to obtain a blank;
and (3) steaming, drying and crushing the blank in sequence to obtain the active biological filter material.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the slurry before the pouring is 40-50 ℃, and the temperature of the slurry is less than or equal to 90 ℃ during the pouring.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the pre-feeding is 50 ℃, and the time of the pre-feeding is 1-1.5 h.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the strength of the central portion of the green body is 0.05 to 0.07 MPa.
9. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the autoclaving process comprises a temperature rise stage, a constant temperature and pressure stage and a temperature and pressure reduction stage which are sequentially carried out; the temperature rise stage is carried out by raising the temperature from room temperature to 175 ℃ within 1.5-2 h; the time of the constant temperature and pressure stage is 5-7 hours, and the pressure is 0.8-1.2 Mpa; the time for reducing the temperature and the pressure is 100 min.
10. The use of the active biofilter material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the active biofilter material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 in a biofilter or artificial wetland.
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