CN113041324A - 一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物及制备方法。该中药组合物是基于“滋阴清热、补肾健脾、益气养阴、活血化瘀”的理念治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病。丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉用于助当归活血祛瘀、破癥散结;红人参、黄芪、淮山药具有补中益气、止渴、健脾益气、养血生津的作用配伍黄连清热泻火;红景天益气活血,通络止痛;玉米须利水消肿;知母、麦冬、黄精养阴生津;五味子收敛固涩、益气生津、补肾宁心;甘草调和诸药。另外,水蛭破瘀血而不伤新血,专入血分而不伤气分;白茅根的作用为甘寒而不伤胃,利水而不伤阴。该中药组合物具有治疗效果好,疗程短,成本低廉,制备方法简单等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物及制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,随着人们生活饮食习惯的改变和人口的老龄化,糖尿病的发病率有显著上升的趋势。
糖尿病是多种病因导致的、以慢性高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病,属于中医的“消渴”范畴,临床表现为多饮、多食、多尿及体重下降。糖尿病存在多种并发症,且并发症具有致命性。其中,糖尿病肾病是糖尿病的主要慢性微血管并发症之一,也是导致终末期肾功能衰竭的重要原因。因此,对于糖尿病肾病一定要早发现早治疗,以避免肾功能衰竭。
目前,糖尿病肾病尚缺少行业公认的中医辨证诊疗标准,临床上针对糖尿病治疗的中医辨证施治方案所拟定的中药组方品类繁杂,临床疗效不一,且治疗效果差。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物及制备方法,以解决现有治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药制剂存在的治疗效果差的问题。
本发明提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物的制备原料包括当归、丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉、红人参、黄芪、淮山药、黄连、红景天、玉米须、知母、麦冬、黄精、五味子、甘草、水蛭、白茅根,其中,各中药组成成分在中药组合物中具有以下特性:
当归:类别:补虚药。性味归经:甘、辛,温;归肝、心、脾经。功能主治:补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。研究表明,当归穴位注射,止痛效果显着,并且具有松弛肌肉,降低软组织的炎症性反应,及改善末梢神经和血管功能等作用。
丹参:类别:活血化瘀药。性味归经:苦,微寒。归心、肝经。功能主治:祛瘀止痛,活血通经,清心除烦。观察中药丹参的水溶性成分丹参素对其微血管及血浆乳酸含量的影响,结果表明丹参的水溶性成分丹参素改善局部组织微循环的血液灌流,血浆乳酸含量的变化与微循环障碍程度有关,也是反映细胞代谢障碍的指标之一。丹参及丹参素具有改善微循环障碍,从而改善细胞缺血缺氧所致的代谢障碍的作用。并且丹参酮ⅡA可降低血小板中PIP2水平,从而发挥抗血小板聚集的作用。
赤芍:味苦,性微寒;具有清热凉血,散瘀止痛额额的功效,主治热入营血,温毒发斑,吐血衄血,目赤肿痛,肝郁胁痛,经闭痛经,瘾瘕腹痛,跌扑损伤,痈肿疮疡。
红花:味辛,性温;具有活血通经,散瘀止痛的功效,主治经闭,痛经,恶露不行,症瘕痞块,胸痹心痛,瘀滞腹痛,胸胁刺痛,跌扑损伤,疮疡肿痛。
三七粉:性温,味苦回甜,具有补血,去瘀损,止血衄,能通能补的功效。
红人参:类别:补虚药。性味归经:甘、微苦,平。归脾、肺、心经。功能主治:大补元气,复脉固脱,补脾益肺,生津,安神。人参皂甙除能改善糖尿病患者全身症状外,还有轻微降血糖作用,并与胰岛素有协同作用。
黄芪:类别:补虚药。性味归经:甘,微温。归肺、脾、肝、肾经。功能主治:益气固表、敛汗固脱、托疮生肌、利水消肿。研究表明,黄芪多糖具有强心扩血管的作用,可使全身末梢血管扩张,皮肤循环畅盛,此外黄芪还具有降血糖的作用。
淮山药:主治脾虚食少、久泻不止、肺虚喘咳、肾虚遗精、带下、尿频、虚热消渴。
黄连:类别:清热药。性味归经:苦,寒;归心、脾、胃、胆、大肠经。功能主治:清热燥湿,泻火解毒。黄连素可以促进AMPK磷酸化,从而激活AMPK/GLUT4信号通路,促进细胞对葡萄糖的摄取能力,可有改善糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的作用。
红景天:味甘,性寒,具有益气活血,通脉平喘的功效,主治气虚血瘀,胸痹心痛,中风偏瘫,倦怠气喘。
玉米须:味甘、淡,性平,具有利尿消肿、清肝利胆的功效,主治水肿,小便淋沥,黄疸,胆囊炎,胆结石,高血压,糖尿病,乳汁不通。
知母:味苦,性寒,具有清热泻火,滋阴润燥的功效,主治热病烦渴,肺热燥咳,骨蒸潮热,内热消渴,肠燥便秘。
麦冬:味甘,微苦,性微寒,具有养阴生津,润肺止咳的功效,主治肺胃阴虚之津少口渴、干咳咯血;心阴不足之心悸易惊及热病后期热伤津液。
黄精:味甘,性平,具有补气养阴,健脾,润肺,益肾的功效,主治脾胃气虚,体倦乏力,胃阴不足,口干食少,肺虚燥咳,劳嗽咳血,精血不足,腰膝酸软,须发早白,内热消渴。
五味子:味酸、甘,性温,具有收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心的功效,主治久嗽虚喘,梦遗滑精,遗尿尿频,久泻不止,自汗盗汗,津伤口渴,内热消渴,心悸失眠。
甘草:类别:补虚药。性味归经:甘,平;归心、肺、脾、胃经。功能主治:补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。
水蛭:味咸、苦,性平,具有破血通经,逐瘀消症的功效,主治血瘀经闭,瘾瘕痞块,中风偏瘫,跌扑损伤。
白茅根:味甘,性寒,具有凉血止血,清热利尿的功效,主治血热吐血,衄血,尿血,热病烦渴,肺热咳嗽,胃热呕吐,湿热黄疸,水肿尿少,热淋涩痛。
在本申请提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物中,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归15-25份、丹参25-35份、赤芍10-20份、红花8-18份、三七粉1-10份、红人参10-20份、黄芪25-35份、淮山药10-20份、黄连10-20份、红景天25-35份、玉米须25-35份、知母5-15份、麦冬10-20份、黄精25-35份、五味子5-15份、甘草5-15份、水蛭1-10份、白茅根25-35份。较为优选地,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归18-22份、丹参26-32份、赤芍12-18份、红花10-15份、三七粉3-8份、红人参12-18份、黄芪27-34份、淮山药12-18份、黄连12-18份、红景天28-32份、玉米须28-32份、知母8-12份、麦冬13-18份、黄精28-33份、五味子8-12份、甘草8-12份、水蛭4-8份、白茅根26-32份。最为优选的,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归20份、丹参30份、赤芍15份、红花12份、三七粉5份、红人参15份、黄芪30份、淮山药15份、黄连15份、红景天30份、玉米须30份、知母10份、麦冬15份、黄精30份、五味子10份、甘草10份、水蛭6份、白茅根30份。
在本申请提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物中,该中药组合物可以制备为汤剂。
基于本申请提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,本申请还提供用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,该方法包括:
S01:将当归、丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉、红人参、黄芪、淮山药、黄连、红景天、玉米须、知母、麦冬、黄精、五味子、甘草、水蛭、白茅根烘干,得到干燥混合物。
将清洗后的当归、丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉、红人参、黄芪、淮山药、黄连、红景天、玉米须、知母、麦冬、黄精、五味子、甘草、水蛭、白茅根放入烘干箱中烘干,以使水分降低,形成干燥混合物。
S02:所述干燥混合物与水按照质量比1:(2-4)混合后浸泡1-2h。
S03:浸泡结束后,大火加热至沸腾3-5min,文火熬煮2-3h;过滤后得到中药组合物。
干燥混合物浸泡结束后,大火加热。大火沸腾3-5min后,改为文火熬煮,熬煮时间为2-3h。文火熬煮结束后采用300-800滤网过滤,并收集滤液,得到中药组合物。
本发明的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果:
本发明提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物及制备方法,该中药组合物的制备原料包括当归、丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉、红人参、黄芪、淮山药、黄连、红景天、玉米须、知母、麦冬、黄精、五味子、甘草、水蛭、白茅根。该中药组合物是基于“滋阴清热、补肾健脾、益气养阴、活血化瘀”的理念治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病。其中,丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉具有破血、逐瘀、通经的作用,用于助当归活血祛瘀、破癥散结;红人参、黄芪、淮山药具有补中益气、止渴、健脾益气、养血生津的作用,其中黄芪甘温升发,功擅补气,为补药之长,能补益三焦,表里脏腑诸气;配伍黄连清热泻火;红景天益气活血,通络止痛;玉米须利水消肿;知母、麦冬、黄精养阴生津;五味子收敛固涩、益气生津、补肾宁心;甘草调和诸药。另外,水蛭破瘀血而不伤新血,专入血分而不伤气分;白茅根的作用为甘寒而不伤胃,利水而不伤阴。由此,全方共奏补气活血之效,并兼顾益阴健脾等功效。本申请提供的中药组合物及制备方法具有治疗效果好,疗程短,成本低廉,制备方法简单等优点。
应当理解的是,以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的,并不能限制本发明。
具体实施方式
临床实践中我们发现,气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的病机为气虚血瘀,因此,本申请中的中药组合物是基于“滋阴清热、补肾健脾、益气养阴、活血化瘀”的理念治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病。其中,丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉具有破血、逐瘀、通经的作用,用于助当归活血祛瘀、破癥散结;红人参、黄芪、淮山药具有补中益气、止渴、健脾益气、养血生津的作用,其中黄芪甘温升发,功擅补气,为补药之长,能补益三焦,表里脏腑诸气;配伍黄连清热泻火;红景天益气活血,通络止痛;玉米须利水消肿;知母、麦冬、黄精养阴生津;五味子收敛固涩、益气生津、补肾宁心;甘草调和诸药。另外,水蛭破瘀血而不伤新血,专入血分而不伤气分;白茅根的作用为甘寒而不伤胃,利水而不伤阴。由此,全方共奏补气活血之效,并兼顾益阴健脾等功效。
本申请提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物及制备方法,下述以具体实施例的形式进行描述,但这并不限定本申请的保护范围。
实施例1
本申请实施例提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归20份、丹参30份、赤芍15份、红花12份、三七粉5份、红人参15份、黄芪30份、淮山药15份、黄连15份、红景天30份、玉米须30份、知母10份、麦冬15份、黄精30份、五味子10份、甘草10份、水蛭6份、白茅根30份。
基于上述本申请实施例提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,本申请实施例还提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,该方法包括:
S101:将清洗后的当归、丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉、红人参、黄芪、淮山药、黄连、红景天、玉米须、知母、麦冬、黄精、五味子、甘草、水蛭、白茅根放入烘干箱中烘干,以使水分降低,形成干燥混合物。
S102:干燥混合物与水按照质量比1:(2-4)混合后浸泡1-2h。
S103:浸泡结束后,大火加热至沸腾3-5min,文火熬煮2-3h;过滤后得到中药组合物。
实施例2
本申请实施例提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归15份、丹参25份、赤芍10份、红花8份、三七粉1份、红人参10份、黄芪25份、淮山药10份、黄连10份、红景天25份、玉米须25份、知母5份、麦冬10份、黄精25份、五味子5份、甘草5份、水蛭1份、白茅根25份。
基于上述本申请实施例提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,本申请实施例还提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,该方法请参考实施例1。
实施例3
本申请实施例提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归25份、丹参35份、赤芍20份、红花18份、三七粉10份、红人参20份、黄芪35份、淮山药20份、黄连20份、红景天35份、玉米须35份、知母15份、麦冬20份、黄精35份、五味子15份、甘草15份、水蛭10份、白茅根35份。
基于上述本申请实施例提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,本申请实施例还提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,该方法请参考实施例1。
实施例4
本申请实施例提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归22份、丹参28份、赤芍18份、红花13份、三七粉7份、红人参16份、黄芪32份、淮山药16份、黄连17份、红景天29份、玉米须30份、知母12份、麦冬15份、黄精28份、五味子10份、甘草10份、水蛭6份、白茅根33份。
基于上述本申请实施例提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,本申请实施例还提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,该方法请参考实施例1。
实施例5
本申请实施例提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归18份、丹参26份、赤芍12份、红花10份、三七粉3份、红人参12份、黄芪27份、淮山药12份、黄连12份、红景天28-份、玉米须28份、知母8份、麦冬13份、黄精28份、五味子8份、甘草8份、水蛭4份、白茅根26份。
基于上述本申请实施例提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,本申请实施例还提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,该方法请参考实施例1。
实施例6
本申请实施例提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归22份、丹参32份、赤芍18份、红花15份、三七粉8份、红人参18份、黄芪34份、淮山药18份、黄连18份、红景天32份、玉米须32份、知母12份、麦冬18份、黄精33份、五味子12份、甘草12份、水蛭8份、白茅根32份。
基于上述本申请实施例提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,本申请实施例还提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,该方法请参考实施例1。
实施例7
本申请实施例提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归21份、丹参28份、赤芍16份、红花14份、三七粉4份、红人参15份、黄芪29份、淮山药17份、黄连16份、红景天29份、玉米须31份、知母9份、麦冬16份、黄精31份、五味子9份、甘草10份、水蛭7份、白茅根29份。
基于上述本申请实施例提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,本申请实施例还提供一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,该方法请参考实施例1。
为说明本申请实施例提供的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物能够用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病,且具有良好的疗效,本申请实施例以实施例1所制备的中药组合物为例进行临床试验,具体试验过程及结果如下。
试验例1:
患者男,57岁,糖尿病病史7年,有肾功能不全史4年,常常感到腰膝酸软,乏力,气少懒言,口干多饮,失眠多梦,夜尿多,心烦。舌青紫,苔少,有齿痕,脉沉细。空腹血糖8.1mmol/L,餐后2h血糖15.2mmol/L,24小时定量尿蛋白4.2g、尿蛋白肌酐比值为57mg/mmo1,此患者辩证为气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病。采用实施例1所示的药方服用1个疗程后,症状减轻,继续服用1个疗程巩固,空腹血糖小于7.0mmol/L,尿蛋白正常。继服上方服用近2个月,血糖值正常,肾功正常。
试验例2:
患者男,72岁,糖尿病病史15年,8年高血压病史,近期尿频而量多,倦怠乏力,伴随出现腰酸痛,口干多饮,气短、多汗,纳差,视物模糊,双下肢麻木水肿,舌暗红。舌边有齿痕,苔薄白,脉沉迟。空腹血糖8mmol/L,餐后2h血糖13.8mmo1/L,24小时定量尿蛋白6.4g,尿蛋白肌酐比值为63mg/mmo1,此患者辩证为气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病。采用实施例1所示的药方7剂,每日一剂,水煎服,早晚分服,症状减轻,继服上方服用近2个月,血糖和尿糖恢复正常,自觉症状基本消失。
上述两个试验例说明,本申请实施例提供的中药组合物能够有效治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病,且治疗效果好,疗程短,成本低廉,制备方法简单。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里发明的公开后,将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化,这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的,本发明的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是,诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。本发明并不局限于上面已经描述的精确结构,并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的制备原料包括当归、丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉、红人参、黄芪、淮山药、黄连、红景天、玉米须、知母、麦冬、黄精、五味子、甘草、水蛭、白茅根。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归15-25份、丹参25-35份、赤芍10-20份、红花8-18份、三七粉1-10份、红人参10-20份、黄芪25-35份、淮山药10-20份、黄连10-20份、红景天25-35份、玉米须25-35份、知母5-15份、麦冬10-20份、黄精25-35份、五味子5-15份、甘草5-15份、水蛭1-10份、白茅根25-35份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归18-22份、丹参26-32份、赤芍12-18份、红花10-15份、三七粉3-8份、红人参12-18份、黄芪27-34份、淮山药12-18份、黄连12-18份、红景天28-32份、玉米须28-32份、知母8-12份、麦冬13-18份、黄精28-33份、五味子8-12份、甘草8-12份、水蛭4-8份、白茅根26-32份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的制备原料按照重量份数包括当归20份、丹参30份、赤芍15份、红花12份、三七粉5份、红人参15份、黄芪30份、淮山药15份、黄连15份、红景天30份、玉米须30份、知母10份、麦冬15份、黄精30份、五味子10份、甘草10份、水蛭6份、白茅根30份。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的制剂为汤剂。
6.一种用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
将当归、丹参、赤芍、红花、三七粉、红人参、黄芪、淮山药、黄连、红景天、玉米须、知母、麦冬、黄精、五味子、甘草、水蛭、白茅根烘干,得到干燥混合物;
所述干燥混合物与水按照质量比1:(2-4)混合后浸泡1-2h;
浸泡结束后,大火加热至沸腾3-5min,文火熬煮2-3h;过滤后得到中药组合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于治疗气虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,采用300-800目滤网过滤。
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