CN113036858A - Self-adaptive dynamic equalization battery management system and control method - Google Patents
Self-adaptive dynamic equalization battery management system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113036858A CN113036858A CN202110273762.9A CN202110273762A CN113036858A CN 113036858 A CN113036858 A CN 113036858A CN 202110273762 A CN202110273762 A CN 202110273762A CN 113036858 A CN113036858 A CN 113036858A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a self-adaptive dynamic equalization battery management system and a control method, which comprise an upper computer DSP digital processing circuit, a database, a charge equalization module, a discharge equalization module, a dynamic equalization module, a thermal management control module, a high-voltage power supply sampling circuit, a high-voltage insulation detection circuit, an upper computer CAN communication circuit, a lower computer MCU control circuit, a synchronous battery voltage sampling circuit, a battery temperature sampling circuit, a synchronous equalization circuit and a lower computer CAN communication circuit. The safety of the battery use is improved. The sampling circuit can obtain the best sampling effect. The sampling circuit can finish the collection of the battery voltage under the high-voltage and high-interference environment, and has the advantages of high sampling precision, high isolation voltage, simple structure, safety, reliability and low cost. In the whole vehicle battery pack, in a complete charging and discharging process, each battery pack is charged to reach the maximum charging amount, discharging reaches the maximum discharging amount, and the whole vehicle battery pack reaches the highest use efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-adaptive dynamic balancing battery management system and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles and batteries.
Background
The power battery in the new energy automobile is generally a plurality of groups of battery packs connected in series and in parallel, capacity difference can be generated on the battery due to the production process problem of the battery, when the battery is used, the battery capacity difference is larger and larger along with the use time due to the use temperature of the battery, the temperature difference of the plurality of groups of battery packs, the influence of large-current charging and discharging, the aging of the battery and the like, the charging and discharging voltage of the battery is controlled to prevent the overshoot or over-discharge of the battery, a battery management system is required to be arranged on the power battery to detect the voltage of the battery, the charging and discharging of the battery are balanced, a discharging resistance type passive balancing mode is generally used in the existing battery balancing circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a self-adaptive dynamic balancing battery management system to prolong the service life of a battery pack and improve the utilization rate of a battery.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a self-adaptive dynamic equalization battery management system is characterized by comprising an upper computer DSP (digital signal processor), a database, a charge equalization module, a discharge equalization module, a dynamic equalization module, a thermal management control module, a high-voltage power supply sampling circuit, a high-voltage insulation detection circuit, an upper computer CAN (controller area network) communication circuit, a lower computer MCU (microprogrammed control unit) control circuit, a synchronous battery voltage sampling circuit, a battery temperature sampling circuit, a synchronous equalization circuit and a lower computer CAN communication circuit; the lower computer collects the voltage and temperature of each parallel battery pack unit, the upper computer DSP is connected with the database, the upper computer DSP is connected with the charging equalization module, the upper computer DSP is connected with the discharging equalization module, the upper computer DSP is connected with the dynamic equalization module, the upper computer DSP is connected with the thermal management control module, the upper computer DSP is connected with the high-voltage power supply sampling circuit, the upper computer DSP is connected with the high-voltage insulation detection circuit, the upper computer DSP is connected with the CAN communication circuit, the lower computer MCU control circuit is connected with the synchronous battery voltage sampling circuit, the lower computer MCU control circuit is connected with the battery temperature sampling circuit, the lower computer MCU control circuit is connected with the switch power supply circuit, the lower computer MCU control circuit is connected with the CAN communication circuit, the self-adaptive dynamic equalization battery management system is of a modular structure, the intelligent control system is composed of an upper computer main controller and a plurality of lower computer data acquisition control modules, wherein the upper computer is connected with a whole vehicle controller CAN through CAN2, the upper computer is connected with the plurality of lower computer data acquisition control modules through CAN1 to form CAN01-CAN0n, the upper computer is communicated with the whole vehicle controller CAN through CAN2 to read the current of a motor controller and control the maximum current of the motor controller, and the upper computer is communicated with the plurality of lower computer data acquisition control modules through CAN1 to form CAN01-CAN0n to read the voltage and the temperature of a battery and control the charging of the battery;
the upper computer stores a database according to data collected by the lower computer, calculates the capacity and the capacity difference of each parallel battery unit, the charge equalization module and the discharge equalization module respectively calculate the compensation equalization current proportion of each parallel battery unit, the charge and discharge current provided by the whole vehicle controller determines the compensation current when the battery works, the lower computer controls a switching power supply circuit to synchronously equalize the battery charge of each parallel battery unit, the dynamic equalization of each parallel battery unit is self-adaptively realized, the upper computer calculates the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the data of the battery, the whole vehicle controller completes the charge, the discharge state of the battery is calculated, the whole vehicle controller limits the maximum output current of the motor controller, the upper computer calculates the SOE according to the data and the SOC of the battery, and the endurance mileage is calculated.
The synchronous sampling circuit comprises: the battery comprises E11, E12, an E1n battery, Q11, Q12, Q1n, D1, Q21, Q22, C1, R1 and a transformer T, wherein the battery is connected with Q11 through the primary side of the transformer T, the D1 is connected with the secondary side of the transformer T, the D1 is connected with Q21, C1 and R1, and the R1 is connected with Q22. Q11, Q12, Q1n, Q21 and Q22 are controlled by the MCU, and sample the battery voltage synchronously with the inversion frequency of the motor controller, and Vin outputs the synchronously sampled voltage to the ADC converter of the MCU.
The synchronous equalization circuit comprises a half-bridge switching power supply circuit, a switching power supply high-frequency current detection circuit, a switching power supply transformer, a full-wave high-frequency synchronous rectification circuit, a charging switching circuit, a charging control circuit, a half-bridge switching power supply circuit, which is connected to two ends of a high-voltage battery in parallel, the charger supplies power during charging, the battery supplies power during discharging, the half-bridge switching power supply circuit converts input high-voltage power into low-voltage power to charge the battery through the switching power supply transformer, the switching power supply high-frequency current detection T2 detects the switching power supply current, the full-wave rectification circuit rectifies and outputs the charging current to the MCU metering battery, the full-wave high-frequency synchronous rectification circuit rectifies and outputs direct current to the alternating current output by the transformer.
The device mainly comprises an upper computer DSP digital processing circuit, a database, a charge equalization module, a discharge equalization module, a dynamic equalization module, a thermal management control module, a high-voltage power supply sampling circuit, a high-voltage insulation detection circuit, an upper computer CAN communication circuit, a lower computer MCU control circuit, a synchronous battery voltage sampling circuit, a battery temperature sampling circuit, a synchronous equalization circuit, a lower computer CAN communication circuit, a switching power supply circuit and a lower computer which collect the voltage and the temperature of each parallel battery pack unit, the upper computer stores the database according to the data collected by the lower computer and calculates the capacity and the capacity difference of each parallel battery pack unit, the charge equalization module and the discharge equalization module respectively calculate the compensation equalization current proportion of each parallel battery pack unit, and the dynamic equalization module determines the compensation current according to the charge and discharge current provided by the whole vehicle controller when the battery works, the lower computer controls a switching power supply circuit to synchronously balance the charging of the battery of each parallel battery pack unit, the upper computer adaptively realizes the dynamic balance of each parallel battery pack unit, calculates the charging and discharging state of the battery according to the data of the battery, the charging is finished through the whole vehicle controller, and the maximum output current of the motor controller is limited;
the synchronous acquisition circuit is an ECU intelligent control isolation sampling circuit, a battery is connected with Q11 through a transformer T primary, a D1 is connected with a transformer T secondary, a D1 is connected with Q21, C1 and R1, and R1 is connected with Q22. The MCU controls Q11, a synchronous motor controller modulates battery voltage by 10 times of pulse current, D1 rectifies the battery voltage, the MCU controls Q21 and Q22 to synchronously sample the battery voltage, Q21 switches on Q22 and synchronously samples the battery voltage when being turned off, Q21 switches off Q22 and discharges C1 when being turned on, Q22 is controlled to be switched on for adjusting the discharge depth, R1 adjusts the discharge current, the synchronous sampled battery voltage can be flexibly adjusted, Vin synchronous sampled voltage is output to an ADC converter of the MCU, the MCU calculates the battery voltage, and the dynamic voltage of each battery pack is synchronously scanned and acquired in an intelligent mode by selecting Q11 to Q1 n;
the synchronous equalization circuit comprises a half-bridge switching power supply circuit, a switching power supply high-frequency current detection circuit, a switching power supply transformer, a full-wave high-frequency synchronous rectification circuit, a charging switching circuit and a charging control circuit. Half-bridge switching power supply circuit connects in parallel at high-voltage battery both ends, supply power by the charger during charging, by battery power supply during discharge, half-bridge switching power supply circuit is converted the input high-tension electricity into low-tension electricity by the switching power supply transformer and is charged for the battery, switching power supply high frequency current detects T2 circuit detection switching power supply current, full wave rectifier circuit rectification output is for MCU measurement battery equalizing charge current, full wave high frequency synchronous rectifier circuit exports the alternating current rectification output direct current of transformer output, MCU passes through the battery charge that the switching circuit completion of charging control circuit control was selected. The high voltage DC circuit of the module is connected with the whole vehicle battery in parallel in high voltage, the charger supplies power to complete the balance of the battery module when charging, the whole vehicle battery supplies power to complete the balance of the battery module when discharging, the MCU controls the switch power supply U1 to work through the optical coupling isolation circuit U2, the current of the current converter is rectified and output by the full wave rectification circuit to the MCU to detect the working current of the switch power supply, the high voltage AC is reduced by the transformer T1 and rectified and output by the Q3 and Q4 synchronous full wave rectification circuit, the MCU controls the switch Q5 to work through the optical coupling isolation circuit U3, when the battery E11 charges, q5 is turned on, otherwise Q5 is turned off, A1 comparison circuit detects the charging DC voltage and compares it with the battery voltage, only when the charging DC voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the optical coupling isolation circuit U3 can work to prevent the battery from discharging by mistake, and the MCU can control the voltage difference of the battery charging during the charging and discharging of the battery system through the io 5;
a new battery is electrified, when a program is downloaded by an upper computer of a battery management system or a battery pack is newly assembled, a new battery mark is set, the battery system is assembled to finish the first electrification, one complete charge and discharge is finished, a complete charge and discharge curve is established in a DSP database, when in charge, the battery with large compensation capacity is controlled to be fully charged according to the charge curve, the SOC of the battery after the battery is charged is consistent, a charged battery capacity data table is established, a complete charge curve table is established, the battery with small compensation capacity is controlled according to the discharge curve, the SOC of all the batteries after the battery is discharged is consistent, a discharged battery capacity data table is established, a complete discharge curve table is established, a battery capacity data table and a battery capacity sequencing table are established according to the battery charge and discharge capacity tables, and;
the method comprises the steps of sorting battery capacity, accumulating charge and discharge records of each time when the battery works normally, establishing a charge and discharge correction curve table when 10 times of charge or discharge is achieved, establishing a battery capacity correction sorting table, establishing a charge and discharge correction curve table if one complete charge or discharge is completed in the period, establishing a battery capacity correction sorting table, and completing the record of the charge and discharge curve table, the battery capacity table and the battery capacity sorting table of each time of 10 corrections;
charging the battery, wherein the DSP calculates the current SOC of the battery in real time by adopting an As metering method, corrects the SOC by a charging curve, a temperature correction curve and a charging current, a charging equalization module reads a charging curve table, a battery capacity table and a battery capacity sequencing table, reads the current SOC, calculates the current SOC difference value of each battery pack, calculates the compensation charging amount, and performs compensation charging on the battery with the current battery pack SOC positive difference value;
the battery discharges, the DSP adopts As metering method to calculate the present SOC of the battery in real time, and corrects SOC by the discharging curve, temperature correcting curve and discharging current, the discharging equalizing module reads the discharging curve table, battery capacity sorting table, reads the present SOC, calculates the present SOC difference of each battery, calculates the compensating charging quantity, and compensates the charging for the battery with the present SOC difference of the battery;
and dynamic balancing, wherein the dynamic balancing module reads the data of the charging balancing module and the charging current provided by the vehicle controller when the battery is charged, and the charging current is compensated and controlled according to the battery capacity sequencing table and the SOC dynamic calculation, so that the SOC of each battery pack is basically consistent when the charging of the battery of the vehicle is finished, the charging of each single battery reaches the maximum charging amount, and the charging of the battery of the vehicle also reaches the maximum charging amount. When the batteries are discharged, the dynamic balancing module reads the data of the discharging balancing module and the current of the motor controller provided by the vehicle controller, and controls the compensation charging current according to the battery capacity sequencing table and the SOC dynamic calculation, so that when the discharging of the batteries of the whole vehicle is finished, the SOC of each battery pack is basically consistent, the discharging of each battery pack reaches the maximum discharging amount, the batteries of the whole vehicle also reach the maximum discharging amount, meanwhile, the compensation current participates in the discharging of the batteries, the compensation effect is achieved on the batteries with small battery capacity, and the service life of the batteries is prolonged. The dynamic balancing module sends an instruction to the lower computer control module by the DSP, the lower computer controls the switching power supply to work, the lower computer control module synchronously balances the compensation charging of the battery of each battery pack unit in a time-sharing grouping manner, and the dynamic balancing of each battery pack unit is realized in a self-adaptive manner, so that the charging of each battery pack reaches the maximum charging amount, the discharging reaches the maximum discharging amount, and the battery pack of the whole vehicle reaches the highest use efficiency in a complete charging and discharging process;
the ECU calculates the SOE in real time according to the current running state of the automobile, calculates the difference of the SOC according to the SOH of each single battery, and carries out corresponding dynamic supplementary charging on the battery with small capacity through the whole automobile high voltage in the running process of the automobile. The service life of the battery is prolonged.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the SOC dynamic balance, the charging SOC dynamic balance and the discharging SOC dynamic balance of each series battery pack unit are realized through self-adaptation, the maximum current of the motor controller under various working conditions is calculated and limited, the power of a balance circuit can be reasonably selected according to the battery capacity and the motor controller, and the maximum charge-discharge cycle electric quantity of the battery can be improved by 30 percent at most each time. The service life of the battery can be prolonged by 30%, and the use safety of the battery is improved. The sampling circuit can obtain the best sampling effect. The sampling circuit can finish the collection of the battery voltage under the high-voltage and high-interference environment, and has the advantages of high sampling precision, high isolation voltage, simple structure, safety, reliability and low cost. In the whole vehicle battery pack, in a complete charging and discharging process, each battery pack is charged to reach the maximum charging amount, discharging reaches the maximum discharging amount, and the whole vehicle battery pack reaches the highest use efficiency.
Drawings
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the accompanying drawings as follows:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an upper computer
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a system
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a lower computer
FIG. 4 synchronous sampling circuit
FIG. 5 waveform analysis of the sampling circuit
FIG. 6 shows a synchronous equalizer circuit
FIG. 7 Battery Capacity ordering flow
FIG. 8SOC Charge/discharge Curve flow
FIG. 9 flow of charge and discharge equalization module
FIG. 10 synchronous sampling procedure
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
the upper computer stores a database according to data collected by the lower computer, calculates the capacity and the capacity difference of each parallel battery unit, the charge equalization module and the discharge equalization module respectively calculate the compensation equalization current proportion of each parallel battery unit, the charge and discharge current provided by the whole vehicle controller determines the compensation current when the battery works, the lower computer controls a switching power supply circuit to synchronously equalize the battery charge of each parallel battery unit, the dynamic equalization of each parallel battery unit is self-adaptively realized, the upper computer calculates the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the data of the battery, the whole vehicle controller completes the charge, the discharge state of the battery is calculated, the whole vehicle controller limits the maximum output current of the motor controller, the upper computer calculates the SOE according to the data and the SOC of the battery, and the endurance mileage is calculated.
Embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the synchronous sampling circuit includes: the battery comprises E11, E12, an E1n battery, Q11, Q12, Q1n, D1, Q21, Q22, C1, R1 and a transformer T, wherein the battery is connected with Q11 through the primary side of the transformer T, D1 is connected with the secondary side of the transformer T, D1 is connected with Q21, C1 and R1, and R1 is connected with Q22. Q11, Q12, Q1n, Q21 and Q22 are controlled by the MCU, and sample the battery voltage synchronously with the inversion frequency of the motor controller, and Vin outputs the synchronously sampled voltage to the ADC converter of the MCU.
Embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the synchronous equalizing circuit includes a half-bridge switching power supply circuit, a switching power supply high-frequency current detecting circuit, a switching power supply transformer, a full-wave high-frequency synchronous rectifying circuit, a charging switching circuit, a charging control circuit, and a half-bridge switching power supply circuit, which are connected in parallel to both ends of the high-voltage battery, and are powered by a charger during charging and powered by a battery during discharging, the half-bridge switching power supply circuit converts the input high-voltage power into a low-voltage power by the switching power supply transformer to charge the battery, the switching power supply high-frequency current detecting circuit T2 detects the switching power supply current, the full-wave rectifying circuit full-wave rectifies the ac output by the transformer to output a dc, and the MCU controls the charging switching circuit to charge the selected battery through.
Embodiment 4, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, a control method of an adaptive dynamic equalization battery management system, mainly includes an upper computer DSP digital processing circuit, a database, a charge equalization module, a discharge equalization module, a dynamic equalization module, a thermal management control module, a high voltage power sampling circuit, a high voltage insulation detection circuit, an upper computer CAN communication circuit, a lower computer MCU control circuit, a synchronous battery voltage sampling circuit, a battery temperature sampling circuit, a synchronous equalization circuit, a lower computer CAN communication circuit, a switching power supply circuit, and a lower computer collecting voltage and temperature of each parallel battery unit, the upper computer storing the database according to data collected by the lower computer, calculating capacity and capacity difference of each parallel battery unit, the charge equalization module and the discharge equalization module respectively calculating a compensation equalization current ratio of each parallel battery unit, when the battery works, the charging and discharging current provided by the vehicle control unit is used for determining the compensation current, the lower computer controls the switching power supply circuit to synchronously balance the charging of the battery of each parallel battery pack unit, the dynamic balance of each parallel battery pack unit is realized in a self-adaptive manner, the upper computer calculates the charging and discharging state of the battery according to the data of the battery, the charging is finished through the vehicle control unit, and the maximum output current of the motor controller is limited;
the collection circuit is intelligently controlled by an ECU to isolate the sampling circuit, the battery is connected with Q11 through a transformer T primary, D1 is connected with a transformer T secondary, D1 is connected with Q21, C1 and R1, and R1 is connected with Q22. The MCU controls Q11, a synchronous motor controller modulates battery voltage by 10 times of pulse current, D1 rectifies the battery voltage, the MCU controls Q21 and Q22 to synchronously sample the battery voltage, Q21 switches on Q22 and synchronously samples the battery voltage when being turned off, Q21 switches off Q22 and discharges C1 when being turned on, Q22 is controlled to be switched on for adjusting the discharge depth, R1 adjusts the discharge current, the synchronous sampled battery voltage can be flexibly adjusted, Vin synchronous sampled voltage is output to an ADC converter of the MCU, the MCU calculates the battery voltage, and the dynamic voltage of each battery pack is synchronously scanned and acquired in an intelligent mode by selecting Q11 to Q1 n;
the synchronous equalization circuit comprises a half-bridge switching power supply circuit, a switching power supply high-frequency current detection circuit, a switching power supply transformer, a full-wave high-frequency synchronous rectification circuit, a charging switching circuit and a charging control circuit. Half-bridge switching power supply circuit connects in parallel at high-voltage battery both ends, supply power by the charger during charging, supply power by the battery during discharge, half-bridge switching power supply circuit is converted the input high-tension electricity into low-tension electricity by the switching power supply transformer and is charged for the battery, switching power supply high frequency current detection circuit detects switching power supply current, full wave rectifier circuit rectification output is for MCU measurement battery equalizing charge current, full wave high frequency synchronous rectifier circuit exports the alternating current rectification output direct current of transformer output, MCU accomplishes the battery charge of selecting through the charging control circuit control charging switch circuit. The high voltage DC circuit of the module is connected with the whole vehicle battery in parallel in high voltage, the charger supplies power to complete the balance of the battery module when charging, the whole vehicle battery supplies power to complete the balance of the battery module when discharging, the MCU controls the switch power supply U1 to work through the optical coupling isolation circuit U2, the current of the current converter is rectified and output by the full wave rectification circuit to the MCU to detect the working current of the switch power supply, the high voltage AC is reduced by the transformer T1 and rectified and output by the Q3 and Q4 synchronous full wave rectification circuit, the MCU controls the switch Q5 to work through the optical coupling isolation circuit U3, when the battery E1 charges, q5 is turned on, otherwise Q5 is turned off, A1 comparison circuit detects the charging DC voltage and compares it with the battery voltage, only when the charging DC voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the optical coupling isolation circuit U3 can work to prevent the battery from discharging by mistake, and the MCU can control the voltage difference of the battery charging during the charging and discharging of the battery system through the io 5;
a new battery is electrified, when a program is downloaded by an upper computer of a battery management system or a battery pack is newly assembled, a new battery mark is set, the battery system is assembled to finish the first electrification, one complete charge and discharge is finished, a complete charge and discharge curve is established in a DSP database, when in charge, the battery with large compensation capacity is controlled to be fully charged according to the charge curve, the SOC of the battery after the battery is charged is consistent, a charged battery capacity data table is established, a complete charge curve table is established, the battery with small compensation capacity is controlled according to the discharge curve, the SOC of all the batteries after the battery is discharged is consistent, a discharged battery capacity data table is established, a complete discharge curve table is established, a battery capacity data table and a battery capacity sequencing table are established according to the battery charge and discharge capacity tables, and;
see fig. 7. The method comprises the steps of sorting battery capacity, accumulating charge and discharge records of each time when the battery works normally, establishing a charge and discharge correction curve table when 10 times of charge or discharge is achieved, establishing a battery capacity correction sorting table, establishing a charge and discharge correction curve table if one complete charge or discharge is completed in the period, establishing a battery capacity correction sorting table, and completing the record of the charge and discharge curve table, the battery capacity table and the battery capacity sorting table of each time of 10 corrections;
charging the battery, wherein the DSP calculates the current SOC of the battery in real time by adopting an As metering method, corrects the SOC by a charging curve, a temperature correction curve and a charging current, a charging equalization module reads a charging curve table, a battery capacity table and a battery capacity sequencing table, reads the current SOC, calculates the current SOC difference value of each battery pack, calculates the compensation charging amount, and performs compensation charging on the battery with the current battery pack SOC positive difference value;
the battery discharges, the DSP adopts As metering method to calculate the present SOC of the battery in real time, and corrects SOC by the discharging curve, temperature correcting curve and discharging current, the discharging equalizing module reads the discharging curve table, battery capacity sorting table, reads the present SOC, calculates the present SOC difference of each battery, calculates the compensating charging quantity, and compensates the charging for the battery with the present SOC difference of the battery;
and dynamic balancing, wherein the dynamic balancing module reads the data of the charging balancing module and the charging current provided by the vehicle controller when the battery is charged, and the charging current is compensated and controlled according to the battery capacity sequencing table and the SOC dynamic calculation, so that the SOC of each battery pack is basically consistent when the charging of the battery of the vehicle is finished, the charging of each single battery reaches the maximum charging amount, and the charging of the battery of the vehicle also reaches the maximum charging amount. When the batteries are discharged, the dynamic balancing module reads the data of the discharging balancing module and the current of the motor controller provided by the vehicle controller, and controls the compensation charging current according to the battery capacity sequencing table and the SOC dynamic calculation, so that when the discharging of the batteries of the whole vehicle is finished, the SOC of each battery pack is basically consistent, the discharging of each battery pack reaches the maximum discharging amount, the batteries of the whole vehicle also reach the maximum discharging amount, meanwhile, the compensation current participates in the discharging of the batteries, the compensation effect is achieved on the batteries with small battery capacity, and the service life of the batteries is prolonged. The dynamic balancing module sends an instruction to the lower computer control module by the DSP, the lower computer controls the switching power supply to work, the lower computer control module synchronously balances the compensation charging of the battery of each battery pack unit in a time-sharing grouping manner, and the dynamic balancing of each battery pack unit is realized in a self-adaptive manner, so that the charging of each battery pack reaches the maximum charging amount, the discharging reaches the maximum discharging amount, and the battery pack of the whole vehicle reaches the highest use efficiency in a complete charging and discharging process;
the ECU calculates the SOE in real time according to the current running state of the automobile, calculates the difference of the SOC according to the SOH of each single battery, and carries out corresponding dynamic supplementary charging on the battery with small capacity through the whole automobile high voltage in the running process of the automobile. The service life of the battery is prolonged.
The SOC dynamic balance, the charging SOC dynamic balance and the discharging SOC dynamic balance of each series battery pack unit are realized through self-adaptation, the maximum current of the motor controller under various working conditions is calculated and limited, the power of a balance circuit can be reasonably selected according to the battery capacity and the motor controller, and the maximum charge-discharge cycle electric quantity of the battery can be improved by 30 percent at most each time. The service life of the battery can be prolonged by 30%, and the use safety of the battery is improved. The sampling circuit can obtain the best sampling effect. The sampling circuit can finish the collection of the battery voltage under the high-voltage and high-interference environment, and has the advantages of high sampling precision, high isolation voltage, simple structure, safety, reliability and low cost. In the whole vehicle battery pack, in a complete charging and discharging process, each battery pack is charged to reach the maximum charging amount, discharging reaches the maximum discharging amount, and the whole vehicle battery pack reaches the highest use efficiency.
The above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited in any way. Any technical solution formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement, or any moving mode of the flat plate in the present invention, falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A self-adaptive dynamic equalization battery management system is characterized by comprising an upper computer DSP (digital signal processor), a database, a charge equalization module, a discharge equalization module, a dynamic equalization module, a thermal management control module, a high-voltage power supply sampling circuit, a high-voltage insulation detection circuit, an upper computer CAN (controller area network) communication circuit, a lower computer MCU (microprogrammed control unit) control circuit, a synchronous battery voltage sampling circuit, a battery temperature sampling circuit, a synchronous equalization circuit and a lower computer CAN communication circuit; the lower computer collects the voltage and temperature of each parallel battery pack unit, the upper computer DSP is connected with the database, the upper computer DSP is connected with the charging equalization module, the upper computer DSP is connected with the discharging equalization module, the upper computer DSP is connected with the dynamic equalization module, the upper computer DSP is connected with the thermal management control module, the upper computer DSP is connected with the high-voltage power supply sampling circuit, the upper computer DSP is connected with the high-voltage insulation detection circuit, the upper computer DSP is connected with the CAN communication circuit, the lower computer MCU control circuit is connected with the synchronous battery voltage sampling circuit, the lower computer MCU control circuit is connected with the battery temperature sampling circuit, the lower computer MCU control circuit is connected with the switch power supply circuit, the lower computer MCU control circuit is connected with the CAN communication circuit, the self-adaptive dynamic equalization battery management system is of a modular structure, the intelligent control system is composed of an upper computer main controller and a plurality of lower computer data acquisition control modules, wherein the upper computer is connected with a whole vehicle controller CAN through CAN2, the upper computer is connected with the plurality of lower computer data acquisition control modules through CAN1 to form CAN01-CAN0n, the upper computer is communicated with the whole vehicle controller CAN through CAN2 to read the current of a motor controller and control the maximum current of the motor controller, and the upper computer is communicated with the plurality of lower computer data acquisition control modules through CAN1 to form CAN01-CAN0n to read the voltage and the temperature of a battery and control the charging of the battery;
the upper computer stores a database according to data collected by the lower computer, calculates the capacity and the capacity difference of each parallel battery unit, the charge equalization module and the discharge equalization module respectively calculate the compensation equalization current proportion of each parallel battery unit, the charge and discharge current provided by the whole vehicle controller determines the compensation current when the battery works, the lower computer controls a switching power supply circuit to synchronously equalize the battery charge of each parallel battery unit, the dynamic equalization of each parallel battery unit is self-adaptively realized, the upper computer calculates the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the data of the battery, the whole vehicle controller completes the charge, the discharge state of the battery is calculated, the whole vehicle controller limits the maximum output current of the motor controller, the upper computer calculates the SOE according to the data and the SOC of the battery, and the endurance mileage is calculated.
2. The adaptive dynamic balancing battery management system of claim 1, wherein the synchronous sampling circuit comprises: the MCU, E11, 12, E1n, Q11, Q12, Q1n, D1, Q21, Q22, C1, R1, the transformer T, the battery is connected with Q11 through the transformer T primary side, D1 is connected with the transformer T secondary side, D1 is connected with Q21, C1 and R1, R1 is connected with Q22, Q11, Q12, Q1n, Q21 and Q22 are controlled by the MCU, the battery voltage is sampled synchronously with the inversion frequency of the motor controller, and Vin outputs the synchronously sampled voltage to the ADC converter of the MCU.
3. The adaptive dynamic balancing battery management system of claim 1, the synchronous equalization circuit comprises: MCU, half-bridge switching power supply circuit, switching power supply high frequency current detection circuitry, switching power supply transformer, full-wave high frequency synchronous rectifier circuit, the switching circuit charges, the charge control circuit, half-bridge switching power supply circuit connects in parallel at high-voltage battery both ends, supply power by the charger during charging, supply power by the battery during discharge, half-bridge switching power supply circuit converts the input high-voltage electricity into low-voltage electricity by the switching power supply transformer and charges for the battery, switching power supply high frequency current detection circuitry detects switching power supply current, output measures the battery charging current for MCU, full-wave high frequency synchronous rectifier circuit exports the alternating current rectification output direct current of transformer output, MCU accomplishes the battery charge of selecting through the charge control circuit control charge switch circuit control.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the adaptive dynamic balancing battery management system comprises a DSP digital processing circuit of the upper computer, a database, a charge balancing module, a discharge balancing module, a dynamic balancing module, a thermal management control module, a high voltage power sampling circuit, a high voltage insulation detection circuit, a CAN communication circuit of the upper computer, a MCU control circuit of the lower computer, a synchronous battery voltage sampling circuit, a battery temperature sampling circuit, a synchronous balancing circuit, a CAN communication circuit of the lower computer, a switching power supply circuit, and a lower computer for collecting the voltage and temperature of each parallel battery unit, the upper computer stores the database according to the data collected by the lower computer, calculates the capacity and the capacity difference of each parallel battery unit, the charge balancing module and the discharge balancing module respectively calculate the compensation balance current proportion of each parallel battery unit, when the battery works, the charging and discharging current provided by the vehicle control unit is used for determining the compensation current, the lower computer controls the switching power supply circuit to synchronously balance the charging of the battery of each parallel battery pack unit, the dynamic balance of each parallel battery pack unit is realized in a self-adaptive manner, the upper computer calculates the charging and discharging state of the battery according to the data of the battery, the charging is finished through the vehicle control unit, and the maximum output current of the motor controller is limited;
the collection circuit is intelligently controlled by an ECU to isolate the sampling circuit, the battery is connected with Q11 through a transformer T primary, D1 is connected with a transformer T secondary, D1 is connected with Q21, C1 and R1, and R1 is connected with Q22. The MCU controls Q11, a synchronous motor controller modulates battery voltage by 10 times of pulse current, D1 rectifies the battery voltage, the MCU controls Q21 and Q22 to synchronously sample the battery voltage, Q21 switches on Q22 and synchronously samples the battery voltage when being turned off, Q21 switches off Q22 and discharges C1 when being turned on, Q22 is controlled to be switched on for adjusting the discharge depth, R1 adjusts the discharge current, the synchronous sampled battery voltage can be flexibly adjusted, Vin synchronous sampled voltage is output to an ADC converter of the MCU, the MCU calculates the battery voltage, and the dynamic voltage of each battery pack is synchronously scanned and acquired in an intelligent mode by selecting Q11 to Q1 n;
the equalizing circuit consists of a half-bridge switching power supply circuit, a switching power supply high-frequency current detection circuit, a switching power supply transformer, a full-wave high-frequency synchronous rectification circuit, a charging switching circuit and a charging control circuit. Half-bridge switching power supply circuit connects in parallel at high-voltage battery both ends, supply power by the charger during charging, by battery power supply during discharge, half-bridge switching power supply circuit is converted the input high-tension electricity into low-tension electricity by the switching power supply transformer and is charged for the battery, switching power supply high frequency current detects T2 and detects the switching power supply current, full-wave rectifier circuit rectification output is for MCU measurement battery equalizing charge current, full-wave high frequency synchronous rectifier circuit exports the alternating current rectification output direct current of transformer output, MCU passes through the battery charge that the switching circuit completion of charging control circuit control was selected. The high voltage DC circuit of the module is connected with the whole vehicle battery in parallel in high voltage, the charger supplies power to complete the balance of the battery module when charging, the whole vehicle battery supplies power to complete the balance of the battery module when discharging, the MCU controls the switch power supply U1 to work through the optical coupling isolation circuit U2, the current converter T2 is rectified by the full wave rectification circuit and output to the MCU to detect the working current of the switch power supply, the high voltage AC is reduced by the transformer T1 and rectified by the Q3 and Q4 synchronous full wave rectification circuit to output DC, the MCU controls the switch Q5 to work through the optical coupling isolation circuit U3, when the battery E11 is charged, q5 is turned on, otherwise Q5 is turned off, A1 comparison circuit detects the charging DC voltage and compares it with the battery voltage, only when the charging DC voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the optical coupling isolation circuit U3 can work to prevent the battery from discharging by mistake, and the MCU can control the voltage difference of the battery charging during the charging and discharging of the battery system through the io 5;
a new battery is electrified, when a program is downloaded by an upper computer of a battery management system or a battery pack is newly assembled, a new battery mark is set, the battery system is assembled to finish the first electrification, one complete charge and discharge is finished, a complete charge and discharge curve is established in a DSP database, when in charge, the battery with large compensation capacity is controlled to be fully charged according to the charge curve, the SOC of the battery after the battery is charged is consistent, a charged battery capacity data table is established, a complete charge curve table is established, the battery with small compensation capacity is controlled according to the discharge curve, the SOC of all the batteries after the battery is discharged is consistent, a discharged battery capacity data table is established, a complete discharge curve table is established, a battery capacity data table and a battery capacity sequencing table are established according to the battery charge and discharge capacity tables, and;
the method comprises the steps of sorting battery capacity, accumulating charge and discharge records of each time when the battery works normally, establishing a charge and discharge correction curve table when 10 times of charge or discharge is achieved, establishing a battery capacity correction sorting table, establishing a charge and discharge correction curve table if one complete charge or discharge is completed in the period, establishing a battery capacity correction sorting table, and completing the record of the charge and discharge curve table, the battery capacity table and the battery capacity sorting table of each time of 10 corrections;
charging the battery, wherein the DSP calculates the current SOC of the battery in real time by adopting an As metering method, corrects the SOC by a charging curve, a temperature correction curve and a charging current, a charging equalization module reads a charging curve table, a battery capacity table and a battery capacity sequencing table, reads the current SOC, calculates the current SOC difference value of each battery pack, calculates the compensation charging amount, and performs compensation charging on the battery with the current battery pack SOC positive difference value;
the battery discharges, the DSP adopts As metering method to calculate the present SOC of the battery in real time, and corrects SOC by the discharging curve, temperature correcting curve and discharging current, the discharging equalizing module reads the discharging curve table, battery capacity sorting table, reads the present SOC, calculates the present SOC difference of each battery, calculates the compensating charging quantity, and compensates the charging for the battery with the present SOC difference of the battery;
dynamic balance, the dynamic balance module reads the data of the charge balance module and the charge current provided by the vehicle controller when the battery is charged, the compensation charge current is calculated and controlled according to the battery capacity sequence table and the SOC dynamic state, so that the SOC of each battery pack is basically consistent when the charging of the battery of the vehicle is finished, the charging of each single battery reaches the maximum charging amount, the battery of the vehicle also reaches the maximum charging amount, the dynamic balance module reads the data of the discharge balance module when the battery is discharged, the current of the motor controller provided by the vehicle controller is calculated and controlled according to the battery capacity sequence table and the SOC dynamic state, so that the SOC of each battery pack is basically consistent when the discharging of the battery of the vehicle is finished, the discharging of each battery pack reaches the maximum discharging amount, the battery of the vehicle also reaches the maximum discharging amount, and the compensation current participates in the discharging of the battery, the dynamic balancing module sends an instruction to the lower computer control module by the DSP, the lower computer control switch power supply works, the lower computer control module synchronously balances the battery compensation charging of each battery pack unit in a time-sharing grouping manner, and the dynamic balancing of each battery pack unit is realized in a self-adaptive manner, so that the charging of each battery pack reaches the maximum charging amount, the discharging reaches the maximum discharging amount and the battery pack of the whole vehicle reaches the highest use efficiency in the complete charging and discharging process of the battery pack of the whole vehicle;
the ECU calculates the SOE in real time according to the current running state of the automobile, calculates the difference of the SOC according to the SOH of each single battery, and in the running process of the automobile, the battery with small capacity is correspondingly and dynamically replenished and charged through the whole automobile high voltage.
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| CN114361618A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-15 | 东莞市壹特电子有限公司 | Novel distributed energy storage battery intelligent management system capable of achieving centralized scheduling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114361618A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-15 | 东莞市壹特电子有限公司 | Novel distributed energy storage battery intelligent management system capable of achieving centralized scheduling |
| CN114361618B (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-12-22 | 浙江华研新能源有限公司 | Novel distributed energy storage battery intelligent management system capable of achieving centralized scheduling |
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