CN113027568B - Preparation method of diesel engine tail gas PM trap - Google Patents
Preparation method of diesel engine tail gas PM trap Download PDFInfo
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- CN113027568B CN113027568B CN201911345813.3A CN201911345813A CN113027568B CN 113027568 B CN113027568 B CN 113027568B CN 201911345813 A CN201911345813 A CN 201911345813A CN 113027568 B CN113027568 B CN 113027568B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5035—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/87—Ceramics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/06—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for improving exhaust evacuation or circulation, or reducing back-pressure
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of diesel engine tail gas purification, in particular to a preparation method of a diesel engine tail gas PM catcher, which takes wood fibers, phenolic resin, nano silicon dioxide, ethanol, toluene, nitrogen, argon, high-temperature sealant, refractory alumina powder and an activating agent as raw materials and prepares the diesel engine tail gas PM catcher through 7 steps of leaching, forming, carbonizing, hole processing, ceramic processing, gluing and plugging, wherein the thickness of the wood fibers is 300 mu m, the length is 2-3cm and the width is 1-2 mm. According to the invention, the natural and well-arranged microporous structure of wood is used as the biological template to prepare the biomass wood fiber ceramic, and the macroscopic through hole is processed on the basis of the microscopic pore to prepare the diesel engine tail gas PM catcher, so that the material cost is reduced, the permeability of the PM catcher is increased, the back pressure of the particulate catcher is reduced, and finally the fuel consumption of the diesel engine is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of diesel engine tail gas purification, in particular to a preparation method of a diesel engine tail gas PM catcher.
Background
The diesel engine has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, good economic performance, high reliability, strong adaptability and the like, so that the diesel engine is widely applied to the fields of transportation, agricultural engineering, power generation, commerce and the like. However, the diesel engine poses a threat to human health and the ecological environment due to Particulate Matter (PM) generated by incomplete combustion. On one hand, due to the inhalable particle size of PM, PM can be directly inhaled into the lung of a human body, so that the cardiopulmonary disease of the human body is caused; on the other hand, PM is mainly composed of carbon black, which is one of factors causing global warming. Accordingly, countries have come to have increasingly stringent emission regulations to limit PM emissions, not only the quality of PM emissions, but also the amount of PM emissions. This forces automobile manufacturers to purify PM from diesel exhaust using exhaust after-treatment devices to meet the requirements for reducing particulate emissions.
Currently, a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) is the most widely used PM purification technology, and particularly, the wall-flow DPF has a PM filtering efficiency of more than 90% in exhaust gas. While the primary factors determining the efficiency of DPF filtration are the size, connectivity and pore volume fraction of micropores in the DPF's permeate wall profile at the microscopic level, and the secondary factors are the geometry, pore size and permeate wall thickness of the DPF at the macroscopic level. Most of the traditional DPF matrix materials are cordierite, aluminum titanate and silicon carbide. Silicon carbide based DPFs exhibit lower temperature peaks at the same soot storage compared to cordierite and aluminum titanate materials during DPF regeneration. In addition, the silicon carbide substrate can keep a complete structure under the working condition below 1300 ℃. Thus, the silicon carbide matrix DPF has a higher soot storage amount under the same conditions.
However, the exhaust back pressure rise caused by the conventional DPF, which in turn causes the gas exchange work to increase, is not negligible, which ultimately results in increased fuel consumption of the engine. In contrast, wood is a natural composite material formed through long-term genetic evolution, which exhibits a natural and well-defined porous structure and has good permeability. In addition, the wood source is wide, and the material cost is low, so the biomass wood fiber ceramic PM catcher prepared based on the natural porous structure of the wood has good application prospect when being used for catching the diesel engine tail gas PM.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of a diesel engine exhaust PM catcher aiming at the prior art, which can reduce the cost of raw materials, enhance the permeability of the PM catcher, reduce the back pressure of the PM catcher and finally reduce the fuel consumption of the diesel engine.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a diesel engine tail gas PM trap is carried out according to the following steps:
A. leaching: preparing a mixed solution of toluene and ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of toluene to ethanol is 1.5-2, weighing a certain mass of wood fiber, placing the wood fiber in the mixed solution, leaching for 12 hours, then placing the wood fiber in a drying furnace, drying for 12 hours at 105 ℃, and taking out;
B. molding: weighing phenolic resin glue according to 20-30% of the mass of wood fiber, using 95% alcohol as a solvent, heating in a warm water bath to prepare a uniform mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the alcohol to the phenolic resin glue is 1.5-2.5, pouring the mixed solution into an atomization device, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on the leached wood fiber, placing the wood fiber sprayed with the mixed solution into a rectangular mold with a square cross section, pressing to form a segmented wood fiber filter body with the thickness of 15-30mm, then placing the mold into a drying furnace, drying for 20-30min, setting the furnace temperature to 70 ℃, taking out the mold after normal temperature, and taking down the segmented filter body;
C. carbonizing: placing the formed segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, continuously introducing nitrogen into the furnace, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 150 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 150 ℃ to 600 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 600 ℃ to 850 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, then cooling at a temperature reduction rate of 5 ℃/min, and taking out the segmented filter body after the temperature is normal;
D. machining holes: along the direction vertical to the square cross section, circular through holes are processed on the carbonized segmented filter body, the circular holes are uniformly distributed, the distance between the common tangent line at the outer side of the outermost row of holes on the square surface and the corresponding nearest edge is 10mm, the diameter of each circular through hole is 3-5mm, and the center distance is 6-8 mm;
E. ceramic preparation: mixing nano silicon dioxide and water to prepare sol with the mass fraction of 50%, wherein the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 50-105nm, placing the segmented filter body after hole machining in a dryer and keeping the segmented filter body in a vacuum state, permeating the silica sol for 30min, then placing the silica sol under atmospheric pressure for 30min, finally drying the segmented filter body for 12h at the temperature of 103 ℃ to evaporate a solvent, placing the permeated segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, raising the furnace temperature to 1575 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min and keeping the temperature for 4h, introducing high-purity argon for protection in the whole process, and repeating the step E until the segmented filter body is completely vitrified;
F. gluing: selecting 4-8 ceramic segmented filter bodies, polishing the square surfaces of the segmented filter bodies, uniformly coating high-temperature sealant on the outer surfaces around the round holes of the segmented filter bodies, and then gluing the segmented filter bodies together;
G. plugging: and (3) using castable refractory alumina powder as a plugging material, wherein the mass of an activating agent is 25% of that of the powder, alternately plugging two ends of a through hole of the glued filter body by using the prepared casting slurry, and then standing for 1h at room temperature to solidify the slurry.
Preferably, in the step A of the preparation method, the thickness of the wood fiber is 100-300 μm, the length is 2-3cm, and the width is 1-2 mm.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the natural and well-arranged microporous structure of wood is used as a biological template to prepare the biomass wood fiber ceramic, and a macroscopic through hole is processed on the basis of microscopic pores to prepare the diesel engine tail gas PM catcher, so that the material cost is reduced, the permeability of the PM catcher is increased, the back pressure of the particulate catcher is reduced, and the fuel consumption of the diesel engine is finally reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the invention are as follows: wood fiber, phenolic resin, nano silicon dioxide, ethanol, toluene, nitrogen, argon, high-temperature sealant, refractory alumina powder and an activating agent.
Example 1
A. Leaching: preparing a mixed solution of toluene and ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of toluene to ethanol is 2, weighing a certain mass of wood fiber, placing the wood fiber in the mixed solution, leaching for 12 hours, placing the wood fiber in a drying furnace, drying for 12 hours at 105 ℃, and taking out;
B. molding: weighing phenolic resin glue according to 25% of the mass of wood fiber, using 95% alcohol as a solvent, heating in a warm water bath to prepare a uniform mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the alcohol to the phenolic resin glue is 1.5, pouring the mixed solution into an atomization device, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on the leached wood fiber, placing the wood fiber sprayed with the mixed solution into a rectangular mould with a square section, pressing to form a segmented wood fiber filter with the thickness of 20mm and the square side length of 137mm, then placing the mould into a drying furnace to dry for 30min, setting the furnace temperature to 70 ℃, taking out the mould after the normal temperature, and taking down the segmented filter;
C. carbonizing: placing the formed segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, continuously introducing nitrogen into the furnace, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 150 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 150 ℃ to 600 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 600 ℃ to 850 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, then cooling at a temperature reduction rate of 5 ℃/min, and taking out the segmented filter body after the temperature is normal;
D. machining holes: along the direction vertical to the square cross section, circular through holes are processed on the carbonized segmented filter body, the circular holes are uniformly distributed, the distance between the common tangent line at the outer side of the outermost row of holes on the square surface and the corresponding nearest edge is 10mm, the diameter of each circular through hole is 5mm, and the center distance is 8 mm;
E. ceramic preparation: mixing nano silicon dioxide and water to prepare sol with the mass fraction of 50%, wherein the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 50-105nm, placing the segmented filter body after hole machining in a dryer and keeping the segmented filter body in a vacuum state, permeating the silica sol for 30min, then placing the silica sol under atmospheric pressure for 30min, finally drying the segmented filter body for 12h at the temperature of 103 ℃ to evaporate a solvent, placing the permeated segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, raising the furnace temperature to 1575 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min and keeping the temperature for 4h, introducing high-purity argon for protection in the whole process, and repeating the step E until the segmented filter body is completely vitrified;
F. gluing: selecting 6 ceramic segmented filter bodies, polishing the square surfaces of the segmented filter bodies, uniformly coating high-temperature sealant on the outer surfaces around the round holes of the segmented filter bodies, and then gluing the segmented filter bodies together;
G. plugging: and (3) using castable refractory alumina powder as a plugging material, wherein the mass of an activating agent is 25% of that of the powder, alternately plugging two ends of a through hole of the glued filter body by using the prepared casting slurry, and then standing for 1h at room temperature to solidify the slurry.
In the step A of the preparation method, the thickness of the wood fiber is 100-300 mu m, the length is 2-3cm, and the width is 1-2 mm.
Example 2
A. Leaching: preparing a mixed solution of toluene and ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of toluene to ethanol is 2, weighing a certain mass of wood fiber, placing the wood fiber in the mixed solution, leaching for 12 hours, placing the wood fiber in a drying furnace, drying for 12 hours at 105 ℃, and taking out;
B. molding: weighing phenolic resin glue according to 30% of the mass of wood fiber, using 95% alcohol as a solvent, heating in a warm water bath to prepare a uniform mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the alcohol to the phenolic resin glue is 2, pouring the mixed solution into an atomization device, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on leached wood fiber, placing the wood fiber sprayed with the mixed solution into a rectangular mould with a square cross section, pressing into a segmented wood fiber filter with the thickness of 25mm and the square side length of 129mm, then placing the mould into a drying furnace, drying for 30min, setting the furnace temperature to be 70 ℃, taking out the mould after normal temperature, and taking down the segmented filter;
C. carbonizing: placing the formed segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, continuously introducing nitrogen into the furnace, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 150 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 150 ℃ to 600 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 600 ℃ to 850 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, then cooling at a temperature reduction rate of 5 ℃/min, and taking out the segmented filter body after the temperature is normal;
D. machining holes: along the direction vertical to the square cross section, circular through holes are processed on the carbonized segmented filter body, the circular holes are uniformly distributed, the distance between the common tangent line at the outer side of the outermost row of holes on the square surface and the corresponding nearest edge is 10mm, the diameter of each circular through hole is 4mm, and the center distance is 7 mm;
E. ceramic preparation: mixing nano silicon dioxide and water to prepare sol with the mass fraction of 50%, wherein the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 50-105nm, placing the segmented filter body after hole machining in a dryer and keeping the segmented filter body in a vacuum state, permeating the silica sol for 30min, then placing the silica sol under atmospheric pressure for 30min, finally drying the segmented filter body for 12h at the temperature of 103 ℃ to evaporate a solvent, placing the permeated segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, raising the furnace temperature to 1575 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min and keeping the temperature for 4h, introducing high-purity argon for protection in the whole process, and repeating the step E until the segmented filter body is completely vitrified;
F. gluing: selecting 6 ceramic segmented filter bodies, polishing the square surfaces of the segmented filter bodies, uniformly coating high-temperature sealant on the outer surfaces around the round holes of the segmented filter bodies, and then gluing the segmented filter bodies together;
G. plugging: and (3) using castable refractory alumina powder as a plugging material, wherein the mass of an activating agent is 25% of that of the powder, alternately plugging two ends of a through hole of the glued filter body by using the prepared casting slurry, and then standing for 1h at room temperature to solidify the slurry.
In the step A of the preparation method, the thickness of the wood fiber is 100-300 mu m, the length is 2-3cm, and the width is 1-2 mm.
Example 3
A. Leaching: preparing a mixed solution of toluene and ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of toluene to ethanol is 2, weighing a certain mass of wood fiber, placing the wood fiber in the mixed solution, leaching for 12 hours, placing the wood fiber in a drying furnace, drying for 12 hours at 105 ℃, and taking out;
B. molding: weighing phenolic resin glue according to 25% of the mass of wood fiber, using 95% alcohol as a solvent, heating in a warm water bath to prepare a uniform mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the alcohol to the phenolic resin glue is 1.5, pouring the mixed solution into an atomization device, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on the leached wood fiber, placing the wood fiber sprayed with the mixed solution into a rectangular mould with a square section, pressing to form a segmented wood fiber filter with the thickness of 30mm and the square side length of 125mm, then placing the mould into a drying furnace to dry for 30min, setting the furnace temperature to 70 ℃, taking out the mould after the normal temperature, and taking down the segmented filter;
C. carbonizing: placing the formed segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, continuously introducing nitrogen into the furnace, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 150 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 150 ℃ to 600 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 600 ℃ to 850 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, then cooling at a temperature reduction rate of 5 ℃/min, and taking out the segmented filter body after the temperature is normal;
D. machining holes: along the direction vertical to the square cross section, circular through holes are processed on the carbonized segmented filter body, the circular holes are uniformly distributed, the distance between the common tangent line at the outer side of the outermost row of holes on the square surface and the corresponding nearest edge is 10mm, the diameter of each circular through hole is 3mm, and the center distance is 6 mm;
E. ceramic preparation: mixing nano silicon dioxide and water to prepare sol with the mass fraction of 50%, wherein the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 50-105nm, placing the segmented filter body after hole machining in a dryer and keeping the segmented filter body in a vacuum state, permeating the silica sol for 30min, then placing the silica sol under atmospheric pressure for 30min, finally drying the segmented filter body for 12h at the temperature of 103 ℃ to evaporate a solvent, placing the permeated segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, raising the furnace temperature to 1575 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min and keeping the temperature for 4h, introducing high-purity argon for protection in the whole process, and repeating the step E until the segmented filter body is completely vitrified;
F. gluing: selecting 6 ceramic segmented filter bodies, polishing the square surfaces of the segmented filter bodies, uniformly coating high-temperature sealant on the outer surfaces around the round holes of the segmented filter bodies, and then gluing the segmented filter bodies together;
G. plugging: and (3) using castable refractory alumina powder as a plugging material, wherein the mass of an activating agent is 25% of that of the powder, alternately plugging two ends of a through hole of the glued filter body by using the prepared casting slurry, and then standing for 1h at room temperature to solidify the slurry.
In the step A of the preparation method, the thickness of the wood fiber is 100-300 mu m, the length is 2-3cm, and the width is 1-2 mm.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several variations and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the utility of the patent.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a diesel engine exhaust PM catcher is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. leaching: preparing a mixed solution of toluene and ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of toluene to ethanol is 1.5-2, weighing a certain mass of wood fiber, placing the wood fiber in the mixed solution, leaching for 12 hours, then placing the wood fiber in a drying furnace, drying for 12 hours at 105 ℃, and taking out;
B. molding: weighing phenolic resin glue according to 20-30% of the mass of wood fiber, using 95% alcohol as a solvent, heating in a warm water bath to prepare a uniform mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the alcohol to the phenolic resin glue is 1.5-2.5, pouring the mixed solution into an atomization device, uniformly spraying the mixed solution on the leached wood fiber, placing the wood fiber sprayed with the mixed solution into a rectangular mold with a square cross section, pressing to form a segmented wood fiber filter body with the thickness of 15-30mm, then placing the mold into a drying furnace, drying for 20-30min, setting the furnace temperature to 70 ℃, taking out the mold after normal temperature, and taking down the segmented filter body;
C. carbonizing: placing the formed segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, continuously introducing nitrogen into the furnace, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 150 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 150 ℃ to 600 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 1 ℃/min, raising the furnace temperature from 600 ℃ to 850 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, then cooling at a temperature reduction rate of 5 ℃/min, and taking out the segmented filter body after the temperature is normal;
D. machining holes: along the direction vertical to the square cross section, circular through holes are processed on the carbonized segmented filter body, the circular holes are uniformly distributed, the distance between the common tangent line at the outer side of the outermost row of holes on the square surface and the corresponding nearest edge is 10mm, the diameter of each circular through hole is 3-5mm, and the center distance is 6-8 mm;
E. ceramic preparation: mixing nano silicon dioxide and water to prepare sol with the mass fraction of 50%, wherein the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 50-105nm, placing the segmented filter body after hole machining in a dryer and keeping the segmented filter body in a vacuum state, permeating the silica sol for 30min, then placing the silica sol under atmospheric pressure for 30min, finally drying the segmented filter body for 12h at the temperature of 103 ℃ to evaporate a solvent, placing the permeated segmented filter body in a temperature-controlled electric heating furnace, raising the furnace temperature to 1575 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min and keeping the temperature for 4h, introducing high-purity argon for protection in the whole process, and repeating the step E until the segmented filter body is completely vitrified;
F. gluing: selecting 4-8 ceramic segmented filter bodies, polishing the square surfaces of the segmented filter bodies, uniformly coating high-temperature sealant on the outer surfaces around the round holes of the segmented filter bodies, and then gluing the segmented filter bodies together;
G. plugging: and (3) using castable refractory alumina powder as a plugging material, wherein the mass of an activating agent is 25% of that of the powder, alternately plugging two ends of a through hole of the glued filter body by using the prepared casting slurry, and then standing for 1h at room temperature to solidify the slurry.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step A, the wood fiber has a thickness of 100 μm, a length of 2-3cm and a width of 1-2 mm.
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