CN113026409A - Method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by using palm fibers - Google Patents
Method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by using palm fibers Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
- D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/02—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with inorganic bases or alkaline reacting compounds, e.g. sulfate processes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/20—Methods of refining
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by utilizing palm fiber, which is realized according to the following steps of spraying mixed bacteria liquid on raw materials, carrying out enzyme treatment, carrying out sulfur-free cooking, carrying out high-concentration pulp grinding, carrying out countercurrent washing, carrying out closed screening and the like. After the EFB-mixed fruit stones and gravels are removed by the impurity removing machine, the microbial liquid is sprayed, enzyme treatment is carried out, lignin in the EFB fibers is decomposed, and then sulfur-free cooking is carried out, so that the consumption of chemical chemicals can be reduced, the EFB fibers are thoroughly refined, and the difficulty in pollution discharge treatment is reduced. The pulp of the invention has the characteristics of high pulping rate, less consumption and low cost by further devillicating and brooming in a high-concentration mill, and meanwhile, the length of the paper pulp fiber is well protected. The whole process of the invention is optimized, the equipment is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, and the production cost of the semi-chemical pulp is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of papermaking, and particularly relates to a semi-chemical biological pulping method for a palm EFB raw material production process.
Background
The oil palm EFB is a waste-empty fruit bunch from southeast Asia oil mill, the content of holocellulose after removing residual oil is up to 87%, the content of lignin is 17%, the average fiber length is 1.2mm, and the average fiber diameter is 19.1 μm, and the oil palm EFB is a new papermaking material which is worthy of exploration.
The EFB holocellulose has high content, hot water extract and benzene alcohol extract are high, the papermaking performance is similar to broadleaf wood, and the EFB holocellulose is a good papermaking raw material. Since the successive implementation of national ban on waste and plastic control from 2021 brings the two difficulties that the market demand of finished paper is increased due to the original shortage of the base to the paper making industry, the industry still uses the material king in the future. How to fill up the gap in the paper making stock? The utilization of a large amount of EFB waste in southeast Asia to prepare semi-chemical pulp is a very worthy topic to be researched.
The existing pulping method mainly adopts a chemical pulping process, but has the following main defects:
1) the pulping pollution is serious, and the problems of large investment and high cost in black liquor treatment are solved.
2) The production process is complex, the construction period is long, and the investment is large.
3) The yield of finished paper is about 25 percent lower than that of semi-chemical pulp.
4) The chemical materials have many varieties and high cost.
5) The wastewater treatment is discharged after reaching the standard, and the cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for producing bio-sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp using palm fibers.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by using palm fibers comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly spraying microorganism mixed strains when the EFB is subjected to impurity removal and material preparation and is dispersed and thrown out by an impurity remover;
the mixed microbial strain comprises the following components: mixed strains of aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus;
(2) putting the EFB raw material sprayed with the mixed strains into a biological reaction tank, heating to 110-130 ℃ by using steam, keeping the temperature for 55-65min, and cooling to room temperature; adding hemicellulose degrading enzyme with the addition amount of 5.5-6.5 g dry weight/ton raw material, uniformly mixing until the water content is 70-80%, maintaining the room temperature at 27-32 ℃, culturing for 5 days, aerating with wet air, finishing the bacteria treatment, discharging EFB fiber, and sending to the next process;
(3) cooking without sulfur; the EFB fiber after being treated by bacteria is steamed and boiled without sulfur, and the process conditions are as follows: adding a mixed solution of 3% of sodium carbonate, 1.5% of sodium hydroxide, 0.5% of sodium sulfite and 0.02% of penetrating agent into a boiler, wherein the cooking temperature is 150 ℃, the time is 30-45min, and the yield is 65-70%;
(4) extracting; the extraction adopts an Andrews single-screw press which has strong adaptability to the pulp inlet concentration and can reach 50 percent of pulp outlet concentration within a wider pulp inlet concentration range;
(5) grinding the high-concentration pulp; the EFB pulp extracted by extrusion uniformly enters a high-concentration pulp grinder through a feeding screw after being crushed and screwed, and the EFB pulp is formed into pulp once after passing through a crushing area and a fine grinding area in sequence;
the parameters of the pulping process are as follows: the pulp grinding concentration is 30%, the inlet beating degree is 13 degrees SR, the outlet beating degree is 30 degrees SR, the kappa number is 90, and the pulp grinding pressure is normal pressure.
(6) Washing and screening; the system adopts a vacuum pulp washer 2+1 to carry out series countercurrent washing and closed screening. The process has the effects of reducing the water consumption for screening and improving the extraction rate and concentration of the black liquor.
The mixed microbial strain comprises the following components: aspergillus niger 10%, Bacillus subtilis 10%, and lactobacillus 10%, mixing well to obtain mixture liquid with water content controlled at 50-60%.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1) the invention can effectively reduce the content of lignin and extract through the pretreatment of mixed bacteria, and improve the effect of alkaline cooking, thereby improving the strength of paper pulp.
2) After the mixed bacteria are treated, the mixed bacteria are treated by xylanase, and part of the reprecipitated xylan can be removed in the pulp cooking process. This increases the porosity of the pulp matrix, allowing trapped soluble lignin to be released, and also allows more efficient penetration of the bleaching agent into the pulp.
3) Through the process of the raw material treatment, the cooking time can be shortened, the consumption of chemical raw materials can be reduced, the utilization rate of equipment can be improved, the yield can be increased, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the pollution load of wastewater can be reduced.
4) The EFB pulp after being steamed and boiled without sulfur has larger disc grinding clearance in a high-concentration pulp grinder, and the fiber is subjected to more actions of friction, extrusion, kneading, distortion and the like between the fiber and the fiber, so that the length of the EFB fiber is effectively protected, and the short board of the fiber is effectively avoided.
5) The extraction process of first extruding and then washing is adopted, so that the concentration and temperature of the black liquor, the cleanliness of the slurry and the extraction rate of the black liquor can be improved, and the load of the middle-section wastewater is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The first step is as follows: when the EFB is dispersedly thrown out by an impurity remover, spraying microbial mixed strains, wherein the microbial mixed strains are as follows: 10% of aspergillus niger, 10% of bacillus subtilis and 10% of lactic acid bacteria are evenly mixed to prepare a mixture liquid, and the water content is controlled to be 55%.
The second step is that: putting the EFB raw material added with the mixed strain into a biological reaction tank, heating to 120 ℃ by using steam, keeping the temperature for 60min, cooling to room temperature, adding beta-xylanase at the moment, uniformly mixing until the water content is 75 percent, keeping the room temperature at 30 ℃, culturing for 5 days, inflating by using wet air, finishing the bacterial treatment, and discharging the EFB fiber raw material.
The third step: the EFB fiber after being treated by bacteria is steamed and boiled without sulfur, and the process conditions are as follows: the mixture of 3% sodium carbonate, 1.5% sodium hydroxide, 0.5% sodium sulfite and 0.2% penetrant is added into a boiler, the cooking temperature is 150 ℃, the time is 40min, and the yield is 68%.
The fourth step: the pulp is extracted by adopting an Andrews single-screw press, and the extraction concentration can reach about 50 percent.
The fifth step: the EFB pulp extracted by extrusion uniformly enters a high-concentration pulp grinder through a feeding screw after being crushed and screwed, and the EFB pulp is formed into pulp once after passing through a crushing area and a fine grinding area. And (3) pulping process parameters: the pulp grinding concentration is 30%, the inlet beating degree is 13 degrees SR, the outlet beating degree is 30 degrees SR, the kappa number is 90, and the pulp is ground under normal pressure.
And a sixth step: and (4) washing and screening, wherein the process system adopts a vacuum pulp washer 2+1 to carry out series countercurrent washing and closed screening. The water consumption for screening can be reduced by 30%, and the concentration and extraction rate of the extracted black liquor can be improved.
The method for preparing the semi-chemical pulp by the microorganism plus enzyme treatment and the sulfur-free cooking saves chemical raw materials, improves the equipment utilization rate, increases the yield, can reduce the consumption and is an environment-friendly method for preparing the semi-chemical pulp.
Example two
The first step is as follows: when the EFB is dispersedly thrown out by an impurity remover, spraying microbial mixed strains, wherein the microbial mixed strains are as follows: 10% of aspergillus niger, 10% of bacillus subtilis and 10% of lactic acid bacteria are evenly mixed to prepare a mixture liquid, and the water content is controlled at 50%.
The second step is that: putting the EFB raw material added with the mixed strain into a biological reaction tank, heating to 110 ℃ by steam, keeping the temperature for 55min, cooling to room temperature, adding beta-xylanase at the moment, uniformly mixing until the water content is 70 percent, keeping the room temperature at 27 ℃ for 5 days, inflating by using wet air, finishing the bacterial treatment, and discharging the EFB fiber raw material.
The third step: the EFB fiber after being treated by bacteria is steamed and boiled without sulfur, and the process conditions are as follows: the mixture of 3% sodium carbonate, 1.5% sodium hydroxide, 0.5% sodium sulfite and 0.2% penetrant is added into a boiler, the cooking temperature is 150 ℃, the time is 30min, and the yield is 65%.
The fourth step: the pulp is extracted by adopting an Andrews single-screw press, and the extraction concentration can reach about 50 percent.
The fifth step: the EFB pulp extracted by extrusion uniformly enters a high-concentration pulp grinder through a feeding screw after being crushed and screwed, and the EFB pulp is formed into pulp once after passing through a crushing area and a fine grinding area. And (3) pulping process parameters: the pulp grinding concentration is 30%, the inlet beating degree is 13 degrees SR, the outlet beating degree is 30 degrees SR, the kappa number is 90, and the pulp is ground under normal pressure.
And a sixth step: and (4) washing and screening, wherein the process system adopts a vacuum pulp washer 2+1 to carry out series countercurrent washing and closed screening. The water consumption for screening can be reduced by 30%, and the concentration and extraction rate of the extracted black liquor can be improved.
The method for preparing the semi-chemical pulp by the microorganism plus enzyme treatment and the sulfur-free cooking saves chemical raw materials, improves the equipment utilization rate, increases the yield, can reduce the consumption and is an environment-friendly method for preparing the semi-chemical pulp.
EXAMPLE III
The first step is as follows: when the EFB is dispersedly thrown out by an impurity remover, spraying microbial mixed strains, wherein the microbial mixed strains are as follows: 10% of aspergillus niger, 10% of bacillus subtilis and 10% of lactic acid bacteria are evenly mixed to prepare a mixture liquid, and the water content is controlled at 50%.
The second step is that: putting the EFB raw material added with the mixed strain into a biological reaction tank, heating to 130 ℃ by steam, keeping the temperature for 65min, cooling to room temperature, adding beta-xylanase at the moment, keeping the water content at 32 ℃ for 5 days, inflating by using wet air, finishing the bacterium treatment and discharging the EFB fiber raw material, wherein the adding amount of the beta-xylanase is 6.5 g dry weight/ton raw material, uniformly mixing until the water content is 80%, keeping the room temperature at 32 ℃.
The third step: the EFB fiber after being treated by bacteria is steamed and boiled without sulfur, and the process conditions are as follows: the mixture of 3% sodium carbonate, 1.5% sodium hydroxide, 0.5% sodium sulfite and 0.2% penetrant is added into a boiler, the cooking temperature is 150 ℃, the time is 45min, and the yield is 70%.
The fourth step: the pulp is extracted by adopting an Andrews single-screw press, and the extraction concentration can reach about 50 percent.
The fifth step: the EFB pulp extracted by extrusion uniformly enters a high-concentration pulp grinder through a feeding screw after being crushed and screwed, and the EFB pulp is formed into pulp once after passing through a crushing area and a fine grinding area. And (3) pulping process parameters: the pulp grinding concentration is 30%, the inlet beating degree is 13 degrees SR, the outlet beating degree is 30 degrees SR, the kappa number is 90, and the pulp is ground under normal pressure.
And a sixth step: and (4) washing and screening, wherein the process system adopts a vacuum pulp washer 2+1 to carry out series countercurrent washing and closed screening. The water consumption for screening can be reduced by 30%, and the concentration and extraction rate of the extracted black liquor can be improved.
The method for preparing the semi-chemical pulp by the microorganism plus enzyme treatment and the sulfur-free cooking saves chemical raw materials, improves the equipment utilization rate, increases the yield, can reduce the consumption and is an environment-friendly method for preparing the semi-chemical pulp.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by using palm fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly spraying microorganism mixed strains when the EFB is subjected to impurity removal and material preparation and is dispersed and thrown out by an impurity remover;
(2) loading the EFB raw material sprayed with the mixed strains into a biological reaction tank, heating to 110-130 ℃ by using steam, keeping the temperature for 55-65min, and cooling to room temperature; adding hemicellulose degrading enzyme with the addition amount of 5.5-6.5 g dry weight/ton raw material, uniformly mixing until the water content is 70-80%, maintaining the room temperature at 27-32 ℃, culturing for 5 days, aerating with wet air, finishing the bacteria treatment, discharging EFB fiber, and sending to the next process;
(3) and (3) sulfur-free cooking: carrying out sulfur-free cooking on the EFB fiber after the bacteria treatment;
(4) extraction: the extraction adopts a single-screw pulp extruder which has strong adaptability to pulp inlet concentration and can reach 50 percent of pulp outlet concentration within a wider pulp inlet concentration range;
(5) high-concentration pulping: the EFB pulp extracted by extrusion uniformly enters a high-concentration pulp grinder through a feeding screw after being crushed and screwed, and the EFB pulp is formed into pulp once after passing through a crushing area and a fine grinding area in sequence;
(6) washing and screening: and (4) adopting a vacuum pulp washer to carry out series countercurrent washing and closed screening.
2. The method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by using palm fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the microorganism mixed strain is a mixed strain of aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus; the components are as follows: aspergillus niger 10%, Bacillus subtilis 10%, and lactobacillus 10%, mixing well to obtain mixture liquid with water content controlled at 50-60%.
3. The method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by using palm fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hemicellulose degrading enzyme is beta-xylanase.
4. The method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by using palm fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the process conditions of the sulfur-free cooking are as follows: the mixture of 3% sodium carbonate, 1.5% sodium hydroxide, 0.5% sodium sulfite and 0.02% penetrant is added into a boiler, the cooking temperature is 150 ℃, the time is 30-45min, and the yield is 65-70%.
5. The method for preparing biological sulfur-free semi-chemical pulp by using palm fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (5), the high-consistency pulping process parameters are as follows: the pulp grinding concentration is 30%, the inlet beating degree is 13 degrees SR, the outlet beating degree is 30 degrees SR, the kappa number is 90, and the pulp grinding pressure is normal pressure.
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