CN113020527A - Closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die and processing method - Google Patents
Closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113020527A CN113020527A CN202110297452.0A CN202110297452A CN113020527A CN 113020527 A CN113020527 A CN 113020527A CN 202110297452 A CN202110297452 A CN 202110297452A CN 113020527 A CN113020527 A CN 113020527A
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- flange
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- die
- lower die
- core rod
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- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
A closed type large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die and a processing method thereof are disclosed, which change the original processing mode of copper-nickel alloy flanges, and design a closed type flange forming die, which comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die base plate and a pressure head, the pressure head is fixedly arranged below the upper die base plate, the center of the pressure head is provided with an inner cavity, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die, a core rod and a lower die base plate, the lower die is arranged above the lower die base plate, the center of the lower die is provided with a die cavity, the diameter of the upper die cavity of the die cavity is larger than that of the lower die cavity, the upper die cavity is in clearance fit with the pressure head, the die cavity is internally provided with a core rod, the small end of the core rod is arranged upwards and the large end is arranged downwards, the bottom surface of the core rod is attached to the lower die base plate, and the material cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing and manufacturing methods, in particular to a closed copper-nickel alloy flange forming die and a processing method.
Background
The copper-nickel alloy has excellent corrosion resistance, marine organism pollution damage resistance and other comprehensive properties, and is widely used in the shipbuilding industry, the chemical industry and ocean engineering at home and abroad, wherein BFe30-1-1 is widely used for manufacturing pipeline accessories such as flange joints and the like as a high-alloying copper-nickel alloy material.
The utility model CN201820251039.4 patent of one-time forging and forming die for flange introduces a one-time heating and closed hot extrusion forming method; the invention patent CN201310510265.1 'an extrusion forming method and an extrusion die for a part with an inner flange and an outer flange' introduces a forming method for a part with an inner flange and an outer flange; the invention patent CN201910495036.4 discloses a forming die and a forging method for flange forging, which can solve the problem that cracking or folding occurs after a forged piece is formed due to high material flowability. However, the above patent does not relate to a method and a mold for forming a large-sized and special-purpose copper-nickel alloy flange. At present, a free forging forming process is mostly adopted for producing large-size flanges, and the specific process is that flange forging rings with corresponding specifications are forged according to the overall dimension of the flange and then machined; the flange is formed by machining the forged ring, the material utilization rate is low, and the production cost is high. Therefore, an advanced forming method is urgently needed to meet the production requirement, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die and a processing method thereof, changes the original processing mode of a copper-nickel alloy flange, designs a closed flange forming die, greatly improves the utilization rate of raw materials of a copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange product, and reduces the material cost.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the adopted technical scheme is as follows: a closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die base plate and a pressure head, the pressure head is fixedly arranged below the upper die base plate, the center of the pressure head is provided with an inner cavity, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die, a core rod and a lower die base plate, the lower die is arranged above the lower die base plate, the center of the lower die is provided with a die cavity, the diameter of an upper section die cavity of the die cavity is larger than that of a lower section die cavity, the upper section die cavity is in clearance fit with the pressure head, the die cavity is internally provided with the core rod, the small end of the core rod faces upwards and the large end of the core rod faces downwards, the bottom surface of the core rod is attached to the lower die base plate, the lower die base plate below the core rod is provided with a through hole, the, the depth of the flange neck molding cavity is equal to the thickness of a flange chassis plus the height of a boss and the machining allowance plus the guiding depth value of the pressing head pressed into the molding cavity, a flange section molding cavity is formed between the small end of the core rod and the upper section molding cavity, the diameter of the joint of the flange section molding cavity and the flange neck molding cavity is equal to the diameter of the flange neck plus the machining allowance, the bottom diameter of the flange section molding cavity is equal to the size of the end part of the flange plus the machining allowance, the depth of the flange section molding cavity is equal to the height of the flange minus the thickness of the flange chassis plus the height of the boss, the small end of the core rod is in clearance fit with the inner cavity of the pressing head, the diameter of the small end of the core rod is equal to the net size of the inner diameter of the flange minus the machining allowance.
The method for processing the flange by using the closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, installation: fixing an upper die assembly on a press sliding block, and fixing a lower die assembly on a press workbench;
step two, preparation: preparing a copper-nickel alloy ingot casting section, heating the copper-nickel alloy ingot casting section to 900-980 ℃ by using an electric furnace or a natural gas furnace, forging the ingot casting into a forged ring blank with a flange corresponding to the specification by adopting a free forging mode after heating, heating the forged ring blank to 980 ℃ +/-10 ℃, and then placing the forged ring blank into a die cavity;
step three, pressing: the slide block of the press descends, a pressure head fixed on the slide block presses downwards, and the blank of the forged ring is extruded in the positive direction to be formed, so that the blank of the flange is obtained;
step four, unloading: the press moves upwards to lift the upper die assembly, the press ejects a core rod from the through hole, and the core rod pushes the flange blank to move upwards to push the formed blank out of the die cavity;
step five, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the formed blank, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 650 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then discharging from the furnace for air cooling;
step six, machining: and D, machining the formed blank obtained in the fifth step according to the technical requirement size and the surface roughness to form the flange pipe fitting meeting the requirement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the large-size copper-nickel alloy flange product manufactured by the process meets the requirements of various technical indexes. By adopting the closed large-size copper-nickel alloy flange forming die and the processing method, the flange is machined after the forged ring is formed in the closed die instead of being machined by the forged ring, the used raw materials are greatly reduced, and the material utilization rate is improved by 50-62% taking DN 150-DN 300 flanges as an example.
(2) The original large-size copper-nickel alloy flange is directly machined after a forged ring is adopted, the extrusion process is reduced, the machining period is shortened, and the machined flange after forging forming has the defect of insufficient material forging deformation probably due to large net size of the flange.
(3) Compared with a liquid casting forming flange, the liquid casting forming flange can form parts with complex structures and low requirements on size precision, but the defects of looseness, shrinkage cavity and the like which cannot be observed by naked eyes are easily generated in the casting process, the streamline of the internal structure of the casting forming flange is poor, and the grains of the material structure are uneven and thick; by adopting the closed die forming flange disclosed by the patent, the material is extruded and formed in the closed die after being forged. The forging is beneficial to eliminating the defects of looseness, shrinkage cavity and the like in the raw materials, and the compact structure of the forging has fine crystal grains; after forging, the forged ring blank is extruded and formed in a closed die cavity, and due to the limiting effect of the size (phi D4, phi D1 and L3) of the closed die cavity, the flange blank fully flows along the inclination of the lower die cavity in the die cavity, so that the forming flow line of the flange is facilitated, and the appearance of the formed blank is consistent with that of the flange; the flange formed by the closed flange forming die disclosed by the patent has compact and fine crystal grains, and the mechanical property of the flange is integrally superior to that of a liquid cast formed flange.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first structure of a copper-nickel alloy flange product;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a copper-nickel alloy flange product;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a flange forming mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a core rod of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lower mold structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a ram configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the lower die backing plate of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the upper die plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the forming process of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the discharge process of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises an upper die base plate, 2, a pressure head, 3, a lower die, 4, a core rod, 5, a lower die base plate, 6, a die cavity, 7, a through hole, 8, a flange neck forming cavity, 9, a flange plate section forming cavity, 10, an ejection device, 11, a forming blank, 12, a flange blank, 13 and a forging ring.
Detailed Description
The schematic diagram of the copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange product is shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 1 is the II-type flange in the Q/725-1123-2000 standard, and FIG. 2 is the I-type flange in the Q/725-1123-2000 standard.
The invention is suitable for processing and manufacturing BFe30-1-1 flanges with DN 150-DN 300 specifications. The closed flange forming die designed by the invention is shown in figures 3-8.
A closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die base plate 1 and a pressure head 2, the pressure head is fixedly arranged below the upper die base plate 1, the center of the pressure head 2 is provided with an inner cavity, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die 3, a core rod 4 and a lower die base plate 5, the lower die 3 is arranged above the lower die base plate 5, the center of the lower die 3 is provided with a die cavity 6, the diameter of the upper section of the die cavity 6 is larger than that of the lower section of the die cavity, the upper section of the die cavity is in clearance fit with the pressure head 2, the die cavity is internally provided with the core rod 4, the small end of the core rod 4 is arranged upwards and the large end is arranged downwards, the bottom surface of the core rod 4 is attached to the lower die base plate 5, the lower die base plate 5 below the, a flange section molding cavity 9 is formed between the small end of the core rod 4 and the upper section die cavity, and the small end of the core rod 4 is in clearance fit with the inner cavity of the pressure head 2.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the core rod dimension Φ D1 is equal to the net flange inner diameter (Φ D) minus the machining allowance, and the core rod base plate diameter Φ D2 is in clearance fit with the cavity diameter Φ D3. The height L6 of the small end of the core pin is greater than L3, and the height L5 of the large end of the core pin is equal to the height of H minus L3.
As shown in fig. 5, the die cavity size Φ D4 is equal to the net flange outer diameter (Φ D plus machining allowance), the total height of the die cavity is H, Φ D7 is equal to the flange neck diameter Φ Dm plus machining allowance, Φ D3 is equal to the flange end size Φ Dw plus machining allowance; l4 is equal to the height h of flange minus the thickness b of flange chassis minus the height f of boss, L2 is equal to the thickness b of flange chassis plus the height f of boss plus the machining allowance plus the guiding depth value of the press head pressed into the flange die cavity 6, and L3 is equal to the sum of L2 and L4.
As shown in FIG. 6, the ram height L1 is generally set to be higher than the upper surface of the lower die by more than 200mm when the press is pressed down until the blank completely fills the die cavity and the upper end of the ram is connected with the upper die plate. The phi D6 and the phi D1 are in clearance fit, and the phi D5 and the phi D4 are in clearance fit.
As shown in fig. 7, the lower die pad 5 has a height H1, a center through hole size Φ D8, and an outer diameter size Φ D9.
As shown in fig. 8, the upper die shim plate 1 has a height H1.
The forming method of the closed copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die is as follows:
(1) die mounting
Respectively fixing an upper die base plate 1 and a lower die base plate 5 on a press sliding block and a press workbench through pressing plates, fixing a pressing head on the upper die base plate in a welding mode, and fixing a lower die on the lower die base plate in a welding mode; after the lower die is fixed, the core rod is placed into the lower die cavity.
(2) Preparation before forming
Cutting the copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 ingot with required specification into corresponding ingot sections according to required length and weight on a sawing machine, wherein each specification flange corresponds to a certain size and weight and is used as a blank for forming the copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange pipe fitting, and the specification of the flange which can be manufactured by the method is DN 150-DN 300. Heating the blanking ingot to 900-980 ℃ by using an electric furnace or a natural gas furnace, and forging the ingot into a forging ring 13 with the corresponding flange specification by adopting a free forging mode after heating. Heating a flange forging ring blank with a corresponding specification to 980 +/-10 ℃ before flange press forming, and then placing the flange forging ring blank into a die cavity.
The corresponding relationship between the blank size of the forged ring and the net size of the flange is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 forged ring blank size and flange correspondence
(3) Pressing
As shown in fig. 9, the press slide moves downward, the press head fixed on the slide presses downward, and the blank is extruded forward to form the flange blank 12.
(4) Discharging
As shown in fig. 10, the press moves upward to lift the upper mold assembly, the press ejects the core bar from the through hole by using the ejection device 10, and the core bar pushes the flange blank to move upward to push the molded blank 11 out of the mold cavity.
(5) Heat treatment after molding
And (3) carrying out heat treatment on the formed blank, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 650 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then discharging from the furnace for air cooling.
(6) And machining
And machining the formed blank after heat treatment according to the technical requirement size and surface roughness to obtain the flange pipe fitting meeting the requirement.
Example 1
The invention is applied to the II-type DN200 flange in the Q/725-1123-2000 standard, the single-piece blanking specification is changed from phi 360/phi 205-90 mm to phi 140-240 mm, the single-piece blanking weight is reduced from 56.75kg to 35.9kg, and the material utilization rate is improved from the previous 39.1% to 61.9%.
Example 2
The invention is applied to the I-type DN200 copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange in Q/725-1123-2000.
The copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange is formed by pressing with a closed flange forming die, the single blanking is changed from 70.04kg per unit weight of phi 360/phi 185/102 mm to 41.1kg per unit weight of phi 245/98 mm, and the material utilization rate is improved to 58% from 34% before.
Example 3
The invention is applied to the I-type DN150 flange in the Q/725-1123-2000 standard, the single-piece blanking specification is changed from phi 290/phi 132 x 86mm to phi 260/phi 137 x 68, the single-piece blanking weight is reduced from 41.28kg to 23.91kg, and the material utilization rate is improved from 34.4% to 59.5%.
Example 4
The invention is applied to the I-type DN200 flange in the Q/725-1123-2000 standard, the single-piece blanking specification is changed from phi 355/phi 188 x 102mm to phi 325/phi 193 x 82, the single-piece blanking weight is reduced from 68.76kg to 40.52kg, and the material utilization rate is improved from 33.9% to 57.7%.
Example 5
The invention is applied to the standard Q/725-1123-2000, the single-piece blanking specification of the I-type DN250 flange is changed from phi 425/phi 233 x 113mm to phi 386/phi 239 x 92, the single-piece blanking weight is reduced from 102.78kg to 60.86kg, and the material utilization rate is improved from the former 35.8% to 60.5%.
Example 6
The invention is applied to the standard Q/725-1123-2000-I-type DN300 flange single-piece blanking specification is changed from phi 492/phi 297 x 125mm to phi 440/phi 300 x 125, the single-piece blanking weight is reduced from 138.46kg to 93.24kg, and the material utilization rate is improved from the former 35% to 51.9%.
Claims (2)
1. A closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die is characterized in that: comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die base plate (1) and a pressure head (2), the pressure head is fixedly arranged below the upper die base plate (1), the center of the pressure head (2) is provided with an inner cavity, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die (3), a core rod (4) and a lower die base plate (5), the lower die (3) is arranged above the lower die base plate (5), the center of the lower die (3) is provided with a die cavity (6), the diameter of the upper section of the die cavity (6) is larger than that of the lower section of the die cavity, the upper section of the die cavity is in clearance fit with the pressure head (2), the core rod (4) is arranged in the die cavity, the small end of the core rod (4) is arranged upwards and the large end is arranged downwards, the bottom surface of the core rod (4) is attached to the lower die base plate (5), the lower die base plate (5) below the core rod (4) is provided with a through hole, the diameter of a flange neck molding cavity (8) is equal to the net size of the outer diameter of a flange plus machining allowance, the depth of the flange neck molding cavity (8) is equal to the thickness of a flange chassis plus the height of a boss, the machining allowance plus the guiding depth value of a pressure head (2) pressed into a mold cavity (6), a flange section molding cavity (9) is formed between the small end of a core rod (4) and an upper section mold cavity, the diameter of the joint of the flange section molding cavity (9) and the flange neck molding cavity (8) is equal to the diameter of the flange neck plus the machining allowance, the diameter of the bottom of the flange section molding cavity (9) is equal to the size of the end part of the flange plus the frame allowance, the depth of the flange section molding cavity (9) is equal to the height of the flange minus the thickness of the flange chassis minus the height of the boss, the small end of the core rod (4) is in clearance fit with the inner cavity of the, the height of the small end of the core rod (4) is larger than the sum of the heights of the flange neck molding cavity (8) and the flange disc section molding cavity (9).
2. The method for processing the flange by using the closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step one, installation: fixing an upper die assembly on a press sliding block, and fixing a lower die assembly on a press workbench;
step two, preparation: preparing a copper-nickel alloy ingot casting section, heating the copper-nickel alloy ingot casting section to 900-980 ℃ by using an electric furnace or a natural gas furnace, forging the ingot casting into a forged ring blank with a flange corresponding to the specification by adopting a free forging mode after heating, heating the forged ring blank to 980 ℃ +/-10 ℃, and then placing the forged ring blank into a die cavity;
step three, pressing: the slide block of the press descends, a pressure head fixed on the slide block presses downwards, and the blank of the forged ring is extruded in the positive direction to be formed, so that the blank of the flange is obtained;
step four, unloading: the press moves upwards to lift the upper die assembly, the press ejects a core rod from the through hole, and the core rod pushes the flange blank to move upwards to push the formed blank out of the die cavity;
step five, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the formed blank, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 650 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then discharging from the furnace for air cooling;
step six, machining: and D, machining the formed blank obtained in the fifth step according to the technical requirement size and the surface roughness to form the flange pipe fitting meeting the requirement.
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CN202110297452.0A CN113020527A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Closed large-size copper-nickel alloy BFe30-1-1 flange forming die and processing method |
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Cited By (1)
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2021
- 2021-03-19 CN CN202110297452.0A patent/CN113020527A/en active Pending
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JP2001232441A (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-28 | Nippon Koshuha Steel Co Ltd | Hollow component forging method, and punching pin used therefor |
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