CN113019628A

CN113019628A - Superfine crusher for kitchen garbage

Info

Publication number: CN113019628A
Application number: CN202110429417.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郁冬; 徐亮
Original assignee: Tongjing Intelligent Technology Jiangyin Co ltd
Current assignee: Tongjing Intelligent Technology Jiangyin Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-21
Filing date: 2021-04-21
Publication date: 2021-06-25

Abstract

The invention relates to a kitchen waste pulverizer, in particular to a kitchen waste ultrafine pulverizer, which comprises a rack and a motor pulverizing box arranged on the rack, wherein a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are arranged on the pulverizing box; the crushing device comprises a main shaft, at least three centrifugal shafts and annular arrays, the main shaft is rotatably arranged in the crushing box and connected with a motor, the hammer type blades are rotatably arranged on the centrifugal shafts, and each centrifugal shaft is provided with a plurality of hammer type blades; the feeding device comprises a transmission plate and a plurality of pushing scraping plates, the transmission plate is fixed on the main shaft and is provided with a plurality of blades along the axis, the transmission plates are arranged between the hammer type blades at intervals, and the pushing scraping plates are obliquely fixed on the transmission plates and used for pushing materials to the discharge hole. This breaker can smash the hard material in the rubbish from cooking, can realize cutting off the material of long fibre class simultaneously, realizes superfine grinding to can smash the limit and arrange the material, can prevent that the material from gluing the wall and blockking up.

Description

Superfine crusher for kitchen garbage

Technical Field

The invention relates to a kitchen waste pulverizer, in particular to a kitchen waste ultrafine pulverizer.

Background

The kitchen waste refers to waste generated in daily life and food processing, food service, unit catering and other activities of residents, and comprises abandoned vegetable leaves, leftovers, fruit peels, egg shells, tea leaves, bones and the like, and the main sources of the kitchen waste are household kitchens, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other industries related to food processing. The kitchen waste contains extremely high moisture and organic matters, is easy to rot and generates stink. The optimized process for resource utilization of kitchen garbage is that the primarily sorted kitchen garbage is subjected to hydraulic sorting and oil-water separation, oil, water and slag are separated into three phases, the grease part can be used for preparing biofuel, and the slag with high organic matter content can be subjected to aerobic fermentation composting or biological conversion feed for insect cultivation after being crushed. Crushing equipment is as the main equipment in the surplus rubbish resourceful treatment system in kitchen, require that equipment can the continuous and reliable operation, for raising worm and using the fodder, broken granularity will reach 1mm, because kitchen rubbish is still thoughtlessly there are firm hard materials such as glass piece, sheetmetal, bone after the rough separation, the breakage of blade formula is not suitable for, and long material of fibre such as vegetable leaf can not be cut up to traditional extrusion shredder equipment, the material after the smashing need pass through the screen cloth screening, still need in time discharge the surplus material of screening, cause the structure complicated, and the fine screen cloth blocks up easily, and current kitchen rubbish crushing equipment can't reach the requirement of superfine grinding or raising worm fodder.

Meanwhile, the water content of the kitchen garbage is high and is usually over 65 percent, and the kitchen garbage contains starch substances, so that the materials are easily adhered to the wall and blocked, the hammer head of the crusher cannot rotate, and the materials cannot be discharged.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a kitchen waste superfine crusher which can realize superfine crushing and crush materials with long fiber quality, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

the utility model provides a kitchen garbage superfine crusher, includes the motor, still includes: the motor is fixed on the frame; the crushing box is fixed on the rack, a feed port is formed in the top of one end of the crushing box, and a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the other end of the crushing box; the crushing device comprises a main shaft, at least three centrifugal shafts and hammer type blades, wherein the main shaft is rotatably arranged inside the crushing box and coaxial with the crushing box, the main shaft is connected with the motor, the centrifugal shafts are fixed on the main shaft in an annular array manner, the hammer type blades are rotatably arranged on the centrifugal shafts, and each centrifugal shaft is provided with a plurality of hammer type blades; and the feeding device comprises a transmission plate and a material pushing scraper plate, the transmission plate is fixed on the main shaft and is provided with a plurality of transmission plates at intervals between the hammer type blades, and the material pushing scraper plate is obliquely fixed on the transmission plate and used for pushing materials to the discharge hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, most of water is reduced after the kitchen garbage is extruded by the screw conveyer,

kitchen waste enters the crushing box from the feeding hole, the main shaft is driven by the motor to rotate at a high speed, and the hammer type blade cuts materials under the action of centrifugal force, so that not only can hard materials be crushed, but also fibers can be cut off, and the superfine crushing degree below 1mm can be achieved. Because the hammer type blade is rotatably arranged on the centrifugal shaft, when the hammer type blade is contacted with metal materials which cannot be crushed, the hammer type blade can automatically slide through the metal materials, the damage of the hammer type blade is avoided, and the hammer type blade can be effectively protected.

The feeding device pushes the material to move to the discharge port through the pushing scraper. Because the material pushing scraper blade adopts a mode of inclining towards the discharge opening, when the material pushing scraper blade rotates along the inner wall of the crushing box, the material pushing scraper blade can push materials to move towards the discharge opening, and crushing and feeding are realized. The material pushing scraper is attached to the inner wall of the crushing box, so that materials stuck to the inner wall of the crushing box can be scraped off by the material pushing scraper, the blocking phenomenon is prevented, and smooth feeding is guaranteed.

Preferably, the hammer type blade comprises a knife board and a knife seat, the knife board is fixed on the knife seat, and the knife seat is rotatably installed on the centrifugal shaft.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cutter holder facilitates the rotation of the cutter plate, and the connection strength between the cutter holder and the centrifugal shaft is improved.

Furthermore, the hammer type blade further comprises reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are fixed on two sides of the knife board and connected with the knife holder.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the strengthening rib improves the intensity of cutting board, prevents that the cutting board from warping.

Further, the hammer type blade also comprises a cutter head, wherein the cutter head is made of alloy materials and is welded at the top of the cutter plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, alloy tool bit intensity is high, can easily broken hard materials such as glass, bone to long service life has improved hammer type blade's life, has reduced hammer type blade's change number of times, can reduce use cost.

Preferably, the top of the pushing scraper is provided with an arc surface matched with the inner circular surface of the crushing box.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the arc surface can guarantee to push away the top of material scraper blade and smash the inner wall laminating of case, reduces to push away the material scraper blade and smash the clearance between the incasement portion, prevents that the material from gluing in the inside of smashing the case.

Preferably, the transmission plate is provided with a transmission hole, and the transmission hole is inserted on the centrifugal shaft.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the transmission hole makes the driving plate follow the main shaft and rotates, makes things convenient for the fixed of driving plate.

The pushing scrapers are arranged in an annular array around the axis of the main shaft.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, a plurality of material pushing scraper blades can improve the efficiency that the material was carried.

Preferably, still include discharging device, discharging device includes ejection of compact seat and ejection of compact plectrum, the ejection of compact plectrum is fixed on the ejection of compact seat, and the annular array is equipped with a plurality ofly, the ejection of compact seat is fixed the one end of main shaft, the ejection of compact plectrum is located the top of discharge gate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, ejection of compact plectrum can improve the speed of the ejection of compact with material propelling movement to the discharge gate in, avoids the material to pile up in discharge gate department, guarantees smooth and easy, stable crushing and the ejection of compact.

Furthermore, discharging device still includes the reinforcing plate, the reinforcing plate is fixed the one end of unloading seat, and with the ejection of compact plectrum is connected.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the reinforcing plate can prevent that ejection of compact plectrum from warping, has improved the intensity of ejection of compact plectrum, and especially when the material is pasted on the inner wall of smashing the case, the resistance of striking off is great, and ejection of compact plectrum is out of shape easily.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the kitchen waste superfine crusher provided by the invention cuts materials through the hammer type blade, can crush hard substances in the kitchen waste, can cut long-fiber substances, realizes superfine crushing, does not need a screen, has a simple structure and a good crushing effect, can push the materials through the obliquely arranged feeding scraper blade, can crush the materials while discharging, and effectively prevents the materials from being stuck on walls and blocked.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a construction of a superfine crusher for kitchen garbage;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a superfine crusher for kitchen garbage in which a part of a crushing tank is hidden;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a superfine crusher for kitchen garbage;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the discharge port of the crushing box;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the crushing apparatus and the feeding apparatus;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the reducing device and feeder assembly;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the reducing device and feeder assembly;

FIG. 8 is a front view of the feeding device;

FIG. 9 is a top view of the feeding device;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the hammer blade;

FIG. 11 is a side view of the hammer blade;

FIG. 12 is a front view of the discharge unit, comminuting device and feeder assembly;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the construction of the assembly of the discharge device, the comminuting device and the feeding device;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the discharging device.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A kitchen waste superfine crusher cuts materials through a hammer type blade 4, can crush hard materials in kitchen waste, can cut long fiber materials, achieves superfine crushing, and does not need a screen.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, a superfine crusher for kitchen waste comprises a motor 11, a frame 12, a crushing box 21, a crushing device and a feeding device. Wherein, the motor 11 and the crushing box 21 are both fixed on the frame 12 and are respectively positioned at the two ends of the frame 12.

The top of one end of the crushing box 21 is provided with a feeding hole 22, the bottom of the other end is provided with a discharging hole 23, and a discharging pipe 24 which is arranged in a downward inclination manner is arranged on the discharging hole 23. Specifically, the crushing box 21 is cylindrical and is composed of an upper semicircular box body and a lower semicircular box body, a feed port 22 is formed in the upper box body, and a discharge port 23 is formed in the lower box body.

As shown in fig. 2, 5 to 7, the crushing device includes a main shaft 31, a centrifugal shaft 33 and a hammer blade 4, both ends of the main shaft 31 are mounted on bearing blocks 13, the bearing blocks 13 are mounted on the frame 12 or both ends of the crushing box 21, and the main shaft 31 and the crushing box 21 are coaxial. The motor 11 is connected to the main shaft 31 via a belt and a pulley. End plates 32 are further mounted at both ends of the main shaft 31, the end plates 32 are also located at both ends of the inside of the crushing box 21, and both ends of the centrifugal shaft 33 are respectively fixed on the end plates 32. The centrifugal shafts 33 are not less than three, the centrifugal shafts 33 determine the number of the hammer type blades 4, if the number of the centrifugal shafts 33 is too small, the frequency of cutting and crushing the kitchen waste is low, the crushing effect is poor, and ultrafine crushing cannot be realized, so that the centrifugal shafts 33 with proper number need to be kept, the centrifugal shafts 33 can be arranged into three, four or five, and the centrifugal shafts 33 are arranged around the axis of the main shaft 31 in an annular array, namely, in an annular equidistant arrangement. Each centrifugal shaft 33 is provided with a plurality of hammer type blades 4 at equal intervals along the axial direction. The end plate 32 facilitates the fixing of the centrifugal shaft 33, so that the centrifugal shaft 33 and the main shaft 31 rotate synchronously, and the end plate 32 is connected with the main shaft 31 through a key to keep rotating synchronously. The centrifugal shaft 33 is parallel to the main shaft 31 and is spaced from the main shaft 31, and has a higher rotation speed, providing a larger centrifugal force. The two ends of the centrifugal shaft 33 are fixed on the end plate 32 through nuts, and the hammer type blade 4 is convenient to disassemble and assemble.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the hammer blade 4 includes a knife plate 41 and a knife seat 42, the knife plate 41 is fixed on the knife seat 42, and the knife seat 42 is rotatably installed on the eccentric shaft 33. A bearing or a shaft sleeve is arranged between the tool apron 42 and the centrifugal shaft 33, and sealing rings can be arranged at two ends of the bearing or the shaft sleeve and protect the bearing or the shaft sleeve. The tool apron 42 facilitates the rotation of the tool plate 41, and improves the connection strength with the centrifugal shaft 33.

Wherein, the hammer type blade 4 can also comprise a reinforcing rib 43, and the reinforcing rib 43 is welded on both sides of the knife board 41 and also welded on the side surface of the knife holder 42. The rib 43 improves the strength of the cutter plate 41 and prevents the cutter plate 41 from being deformed.

The hammer blade 4 may further include a cutter head 44, the cutter head 44 is made of a high-strength alloy material, and the cutter head 44 is welded to the top of the cutter plate 41. The alloy cutter head has high strength, can easily crush hard substances such as glass, bones and the like, has long service life, prolongs the service life of the hammer type blade 4, reduces the replacement times of the hammer type blade 4 and can reduce the use cost.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the feeding device includes a plurality of transmission plates 51 and a plurality of pushing scrapers 52, the transmission plates 51 are fixed on the main shaft 31 and are arranged along the axis, the plurality of transmission plates 51 are arranged between the hammer blades 4 at intervals, and the pushing scrapers 52 are obliquely fixed on the transmission plates 51 and used for pushing the material to the discharge port 23.

Specifically, the transmission plate 51 is provided with a transmission hole 511, the transmission hole 511 is inserted into the centrifugal shaft 33, two ends of the transmission plate 51 are respectively provided with a spacer 53, and the spacer 53 enables the transmission plate 51 to be arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the main shaft 31. The driving hole 511 enables the driving plate 51 to rotate along with the main shaft 31, and facilitates fixing of the driving plate 51. The driving plate 51 may also be connected to the main shaft 31 by a key which causes the driving plate 51 to follow the rotation of the main shaft 31.

The top of the pushing scraper 52 can also be provided with a circular arc surface 521 matched with the inner circular surface of the crushing box 21. The arc surface 521 can enable the top of the pushing scraper 52 to be attached to the inner wall of the crushing box 21, reduce the gap between the pushing scraper 52 and the inside of the crushing box 21, and prevent materials from being adhered to the inner wall of the crushing box 21.

The pusher shoes 52 are provided in a plurality in an annular array about the axis of the spindle 31. The number of the pushing blades 52 is usually 3 to 5. The plurality of pushing scrapers 52 can improve the efficiency of material conveyance and prevent the material from being accumulated in the crushing box 21.

After the kitchen waste is extruded by the screw conveyor, most of moisture is reduced, the kitchen waste enters the crushing box 21 from the feeding hole 22, the main shaft 31 is driven by the motor 11 to rotate at a high speed, and the hammer type blade 4 cuts materials under the action of centrifugal force, so that the crushing of hard materials can be realized, meanwhile, the cutting of fibers can be realized, and the superfine crushing degree below 1mm can be reached. Because the hammer type blade 4 is rotatably arranged on the centrifugal shaft 33, when the hammer type blade 4 is contacted with metal materials which cannot be crushed, the hammer type blade 4 can automatically slide through the metal materials, the damage of the hammer type blade 4 is avoided, and the hammer type blade 4 can be effectively protected.

The feeding device pushes the material to move to the discharge port 23 through the pushing scraper 52. Because the pushing scraper 52 is inclined towards the discharge port 23, when the pushing scraper 52 rotates along the inner wall of the crushing box 21, the pushing scraper 52 can push the material to move towards the discharge port 23, so that crushing and feeding are realized. The pushing scraper 52 is attached to the inner wall of the crushing box 21, so that the pushing scraper 52 can scrape off materials stuck to the inner wall of the crushing box 21, the blocking phenomenon is prevented, and smooth feeding is ensured. The pushing scraper 52 at the discharge port 23 can also push the material into the discharge pipe 24, so as to realize discharge.

Example two

On the basis of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 12 to 14, the discharge device further includes a discharge seat 63 and a plurality of discharge plectrums 62, the discharge plectrums 62 are fixed on the discharge seat 63, and are arranged in an annular array, the discharge seat 63 is fixed at one end of the main shaft 31, and the discharge plectrums 62 are located above the discharge port 23. The number of the discharging poking pieces 62 can be set to 6-8.

The discharging seat 63 is connected with the main shaft 31 through a key, and the discharging seat 63 and the discharging plectrum 62 synchronously rotate along with the main shaft 31.

Ejection of compact plectrum 62 can improve the speed of the ejection of compact with material propelling movement to discharge gate 23 in, avoid the material to pile up in discharge gate 23 department, guarantee smooth and easy, stable crushing and the ejection of compact.

The discharging device can also comprise a reinforcing plate 61, the reinforcing plate 61 is welded or screwed at one end of the discharging seat 63, and the side surface of the discharging shifting sheet 62 is welded on the reinforcing plate 61.

The reinforcing plate 61 can prevent the deformation of the discharging pull sheet 62, improve the strength of the discharging pull sheet 62, and particularly when the material is adhered to the inner wall of the crushing box 21, the scraping resistance is large, and the discharging pull sheet 62 is easy to deform.

During operation, the materials after moisture extrusion are continuously conveyed to the feeding hole 22 through the screw conveyer, the materials enter the crushing box 21, the motor 11 drives the main shaft 31 to rotate at a high speed through the belt, the main shaft 31 drives the centrifugal shaft 33 to rotate at a high speed through the end plate 32, the centrifugal shaft 33 is far away from the main shaft 31, therefore, a higher rotating speed can be generated, a larger centrifugal force is formed, the hammer type blade 4 rotates at a high speed under the action of the centrifugal force, the hammer type blade 4 rotating at a high speed cuts and crushes the materials, long fiber materials can be cut off by the cutting force formed by the high-speed rotation, and the superfine crushing degree below 1mm can be achieved. The material pushing scraper plate 52 inclines towards the discharge hole 23 to form a guide angle, the material is pushed towards the discharge hole 23, the material is discharged while being crushed, the discharging plectrum 62 positioned at the discharge hole 23 continuously pushes the crushed material towards the discharge pipe 24, and the continuous and smooth automatic discharge of the material is ensured.

A superfine crusher for kitchen garbage features that the hammer-type blade (4) is movably sleeved on main shaft (31) to cut the raw materials, and is suitable for the materials which are coarsely separated and still contain hard substances such as glass plate, metal plate and bone, and the materials which contain long fibres such as vegetable leaves and can be crushed to superfine powder of 1 mm. The material pushing scraper plate 52 realizes feeding and discharging, prevents the materials from being adhered to walls and blocked, and can be used for ultrafine grinding of high-humidity high-starch materials.

The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, which shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage superfine crusher, includes motor (11), its characterized in that still includes:

the motor (11) is fixed on the frame (12);

the crushing box (21) is fixed on the rack (12), the top of one end of the crushing box (21) is provided with a feeding hole (22), and the bottom of the other end of the crushing box (21) is provided with a discharging hole (23);

the crushing device comprises a main shaft (31), centrifugal shafts (33) and hammer type blades (4), wherein the main shaft (31) is rotatably installed inside the crushing box (21) and is coaxial with the crushing box (21), the main shaft (31) is connected with the motor (11), the number of the centrifugal shafts (33) is not less than three, an annular array is fixed on the main shaft (31), the hammer type blades (4) are rotatably installed on the centrifugal shafts (33), and a plurality of the hammer type blades (4) are installed on each centrifugal shaft (33); and

the feeding device comprises a transmission plate (51) and a pushing scraper (52), wherein the transmission plate (51) is fixed on the main shaft (31), a plurality of transmission plates (51) are arranged along the axis at intervals and are arranged between the hammer type blades (4), and the pushing scraper (52) is obliquely fixed on the transmission plate (51) and used for pushing materials to the discharge hole (23).

2. The kitchen waste ultra-fine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the hammer blade (4) comprises a blade plate (41) and a blade seat (42), the blade plate (41) is fixed on the blade seat (42), and the blade seat (42) is rotatably mounted on the centrifugal shaft (33).

3. The kitchen waste ultra-fine crusher according to claim 2, wherein said hammer blade (4) further comprises a reinforcing rib (43), said reinforcing rib (43) is fixed on both sides of said knife plate (41) and connected to said knife holder (42).

4. The kitchen waste ultra-fine crusher as claimed in claim 2, wherein said hammer blade (4) further comprises a cutter head (44), said cutter head (44) is made of alloy material, and said cutter head (44) is welded on top of said cutter plate (41).

5. The kitchen waste superfine crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the pushing scraper (52) is provided with a circular arc surface (521) matching with the inner circular surface of the crushing box (21).

6. The kitchen waste ultra-fine crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said driving plate (51) is provided with a driving hole (511), and said driving hole (511) is inserted on said centrifugal shaft (33).

7. The superfine crusher for kitchen garbage according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pushing scrapers (52) are arranged in a plurality of annular arrays around the axis of the main shaft (31).

8. The kitchen waste superfine crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a discharging device, wherein the discharging device comprises a discharging seat (63) and a plurality of discharging shifting pieces (62), the discharging shifting pieces (62) are fixed on the discharging seat (63), the discharging seat (63) is fixed at one end of the main shaft (31), and the discharging shifting pieces (62) are located above the discharging port (23).

9. The kitchen waste superfine crusher according to claim 8, characterized in that the discharging device further comprises a reinforcing plate (61), the reinforcing plate (61) is fixed at one end of the discharging seat (63) and connected with the discharging shifting plate (62).