CN113013434B - Heat pipe polar plate for fuel cell constructed by non-uniform wetting super-wetting surface - Google Patents
Heat pipe polar plate for fuel cell constructed by non-uniform wetting super-wetting surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN113013434B CN113013434B CN202110213333.2A CN202110213333A CN113013434B CN 113013434 B CN113013434 B CN 113013434B CN 202110213333 A CN202110213333 A CN 202110213333A CN 113013434 B CN113013434 B CN 113013434B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B7/00—Microstructural systems; Auxiliary parts of microstructural devices or systems
- B81B7/04—Networks or arrays of similar microstructural devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat pipe polar plate for a fuel cell, which is constructed by utilizing a non-uniform wetting super-wetting surface, and comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate; the inner side surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively provided with a hot end liquid absorbing core and a cold end liquid absorbing core; the structure of the hot-end liquid absorption core comprises a super-lyophilic micro-conical array, and lyophilic array nano-structures are distributed on the surface of the super-lyophilic micro-conical array; the structure forming the cold-end liquid absorption core comprises an ultra-lyophobic micro-cone array and a plurality of wedge-shaped ultra-lyophilic patterns; lyophobic array nanostructures are distributed on the surface of the super lyophobic micro conical array; the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern is provided with a plurality of micron secondary channels. The invention integrates the heat pipe liquid absorption core and the polar plate fuel flow passage on a single chip, the super lyophilic micro conical array strengthens capillary diffusion and hot end evaporation heat absorption, and the super lyophobic micro conical array combines the wedge super lyophilic pattern to strengthen cold end condensation heat release and condensate capillary reflux, thereby having important application value in the aspect of manufacturing high-performance heat pipe heat dissipation fuel cells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of surface technology and heat and mass transfer, relates to a heat pipe polar plate, and particularly relates to a heat pipe polar plate for a fuel cell, which is constructed by utilizing a non-uniform wetting super-wetting surface.
Background
The fuel cell directly converts chemical energy of fuel into thermal energy through an electrochemical reaction. The fuel cell has high specific power and wide working temperature range (60-1000 ℃), can be combined with the hydrogen and oxygen production technology by solar electrolysis to form renewable resources, is a main energy supply system for space exploration, and is also an important development direction of future aircrafts, vehicles and power stations. 35% -50% of the energy of the fuel cell is converted into heat energy at the polar plate, and in order to ensure the normal operation of the cell, the heat energy must be discharged in time to ensure that the reaction zone maintains a certain temperature, for example, the temperature difference of the reaction zone of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell should be less than 3 ℃. At present, the heat dissipation technology adopted by the fuel cell is mainly wind cooling and liquid cooling. However, the problems of large temperature gradient, difficult flow equalization, incapability of being applied to space environment and the like exist in air-cooled heat dissipation. The liquid cooling technology has the problems of complex system structure, large peripheral power consumption, influence on the conductivity of the polar plate by anions and cations in the cooling liquid, incapability of being applied to the solid oxide fuel cell and the like.
The heat pipe is used as an efficient phase-change heat dissipation device and is widely applied to the fields of heat dissipation of microelectronic devices, heat exchangers and the like. In recent years, heat pipes have received attention from researchers at home and abroad in terms of heat dissipation of fuel cells. For example, NASA has been dedicated to research on titanium-based ultrathin flat heat pipes applied to proton exchange membranes in the last 20 years, and has developed that the heat conductivity of the titanium-based flat heat pipe reaches 2100W/m.K, and the temperature difference of an evaporation area can be controlled below 3.5 ℃ when the heat pipe works in a steady state. The trench heat pipe is embedded into the back of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell pole plate by Federal university of Santa Clalina to realize heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation power can reach 12W (Applied Thermal Engineering,2015,90,848 and 857). The german aachen industry university used 9 copper heat pipes to form a heat pipe heat sink assembly and assembled the heat sink assembly between high temperature polymer electrolyte Fuel Cell stack plates, and the results showed that the heat pipes significantly reduced the plate longitudinal and lateral temperature difference (Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology,2013,10, 051002-1). The German university of Ellangen-Nelumberg uses stainless steel net as liquid absorbing core structure and sodium and potassium as working medium to manufacture high temperature heat pipe applied to solid oxide Fuel cell, and the result shows that the heat dissipation power of the heat pipe axial cross section area embedded in the solid oxide Fuel cell stack can reach 700W (Fuel Cells,2014,14, 479-.
In summary, the heat pipe heat dissipation technology of the fuel cell has been reported, but at present, the fuel cell plate and the heat pipe are in rigid contact, and there is interface contact thermal resistance. In addition, the traditional heat pipe liquid suction core structure lacks geometric topology and micro-nano structure design, and capillary diffusion and evaporation heat absorption at the hot end, condensation heat release at the cold end and capillary reflux water level are difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirement of a large-area polar plate. Therefore, how to design the configuration forms of the polar plate and the heat pipe of the fuel cell and optimize the liquid absorption core structures at the hot end and the cold end of the heat pipe is the key for greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat pipe of the fuel cell and improving the comprehensive performance of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat pipe polar plate for a fuel cell, which is constructed by utilizing a non-uniform wetting super-wetting surface, and aims to overcome the defects of the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, having the following features: comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate which are oppositely arranged; the inner side surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively provided with a hot end liquid absorbing core and a cold end liquid absorbing core; the structure for forming the hot-end liquid absorption core comprises a super-lyophilic micro-conical array processed on an anode plate and a cathode plate, and lyophilic array nano-structures are distributed on the surface of the super-lyophilic micro-conical array; the structure forming the cold-end liquid absorption core comprises an ultra-lyophobic micro conical array processed on the anode plate and the cathode plate and a plurality of wedge-shaped ultra-lyophilic patterns processed in the ultra-lyophobic micro conical array; lyophobic array nanostructures are distributed on the surface of the super lyophobic micro conical array; a plurality of micron secondary channels are processed on the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern; the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern points from the cold end to the hot end from the narrow to wide direction and is connected to a hot end liquid suction core; the arrangement direction of the micron secondary channel is the same as that of the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern; the outer side surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively provided with a fuel flow channel and a radiating fin, the fuel flow channel is positioned on the outer side surface of the corresponding position of the hot-end liquid absorption core, and the radiating fin is positioned on the outer side surface of the corresponding position of the cold-end liquid absorption core; the side of the anode plate and the side of the cathode plate, which is provided with the liquid absorption cores, are opposite to each other and are welded and sealed to form a heat pipe pole plate, and the working medium in the heat pipe pole plate is water, sodium or potassium.
Further, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, which may further have the following characteristics: the diameter, height and spacing of the cone bottom of each cone of the super lyophilic micro cone array and the super lyophobic micro cone array are 50-500 mu m.
Further, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, which may further have the following characteristics: the depth of the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns is 50-500 mu m, the width of the narrow end is 10-100 mu m, the width of the wide end is 1000 mu m plus 100 mu m, and the distribution distance between the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns is 1000 mu m plus 100 mu m.
Further, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, which may further have the following characteristics: the width and depth of the micron secondary channel is 10-50 μm.
Further, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, which may further have the following characteristics: the anode plate and the cathode plate are made of titanium or stainless steel.
Further, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, which may further have the following characteristics: the super lyophilic micro conical array and the super lyophobic micro conical array are manufactured by nanosecond or ultrafast laser processing; the lyophilic array nano structure and the lyophobic array nano structure are manufactured by electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching processing.
Further, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, which may further have the following characteristics: the super lyophobic performance of the super lyophobic micron conical array is prepared by soaking a fluorosilane ethanol solution or processing a fluorocarbon film by chemical vapor deposition.
Further, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, which may further have the following characteristics: the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern is manufactured through nanosecond or ultra-fast laser processing; the micron secondary channel is manufactured through nanosecond or ultra-fast laser processing, and the processing mode is line scanning.
Further, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface, which may further have the following characteristics: the processing method of the hot end liquid absorbing core and the cold end liquid absorbing core comprises the following steps:
s1, processing a micron conical array at one end of a titanium or stainless steel substrate by utilizing nanosecond or ultrafast laser, wherein nanosecond laser processing parameters are that the power is 1-10W, the frequency is 40-120kHz, and the scanning speed is 100-;
s2, processing a lyophobic array nanostructure on the surface of the micrometer conical array obtained in the S1 through electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching, and obtaining super lyophobic performance through soaking in a fluorosilane ethanol solution or chemical vapor deposition of a fluorocarbon film to obtain a super lyophobic micrometer conical array;
s3, processing the micron conical array at the other end of the substrate by using nanosecond or femtosecond laser to obtain the super-lyophilic micron conical array, wherein nanosecond laser processing parameters are the same as those of S1;
s4, processing a lyophilic array nano structure on the surface of the super-lyophilic micro-cone array obtained in the step S3 through electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching, and further obtaining a hot-end liquid suction core, wherein before the electrochemical anodic oxidation or the chemical etching is carried out, the super-lyophobic micro-cone array obtained in the step S2 is protected by PDMS or paraffin, and after the electrochemical anodic oxidation or the chemical etching is finished, the PDMS or the paraffin is removed;
s5, processing wedge-shaped super lyophilic patterns on the super lyophobic micron conical array obtained in the S2 by utilizing nanosecond or femtosecond laser, wherein laser processing parameters are the same as those of S1;
and S6, processing the micron secondary channel in the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern obtained in the S5 by using nanosecond or femtosecond laser, wherein the processing mode of the micron secondary channel is line scanning.
The present invention also provides a fuel cell stack having the features of: comprises a plurality of heat pipe polar plates, a plurality of electrode groups and two end plates; the heat pipe polar plates and the electrode groups are stacked at intervals, and the two end plates are respectively arranged at the two ends; the electrode group is a membrane electrode group, and the fuel cell stack formed by the electrode group is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack; alternatively, the electrode group is an electrode group composed of a cathode, an anode and an intermediate electrolyte, and the fuel cell stack composed of the electrode group is a solid oxide fuel cell stack.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a single-chip integrated heat pipe polar plate, which eliminates interface contact thermal resistance between a heat pipe and a heating polar plate and improves the heat dissipation efficiency;
the hot-end liquid absorption core structure provided by the invention is a super-lyophilic micro-conical array with a lyophilic array nano structure on the surface, and the super-wettability and the capillary diffusion level are enhanced by the topology of the micro-conical array, the micro-bulges generated in the laser processing process and the surface nano structure;
thirdly, the hot end liquid absorption core micro-conical array and the surface nano structure increase nucleation sites of nucleate boiling and strengthen heat absorption of evaporation;
the cold-end liquid absorption core structure provided by the invention is an ultralyophobic micro-conical array with a wedge-shaped ultralyophilic pattern, the micro-conical array topological combination nano structure is favorable for ejection and separation of the dropwise condensate, and the wedge-shaped ultralyophilic pattern can absorb the dropwise condensate and quickly transmit the dropwise condensate back to the hot-end liquid absorption core (capillary reflux), so that condensation and heat release are enhanced;
the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic pattern provided by the invention is provided with the micron secondary channel, the Laplace pressure gradient driven transportation can be realized through the wedge-shaped pattern, a liquid film can be formed through the secondary channel in the wedge-shaped pattern, the liquid diffusion resistance is reduced, the condensate return speed is further improved, and the condensation heat release is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the process for manufacturing hot side wick and cold side wick of a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell;
FIG. 6 is a schematic of a scan path for laser machining a micro-tapered array;
FIG. 7 is a schematic of the scanning path of a micron secondary channel in a laser machined wedge-shaped superhydrophilic pattern;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a fuel cell stack;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a heat pipe plate enhanced evaporation process for a fuel cell;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the condensation process of the heat pipe plate for the fuel cell.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed by using a non-uniform wetting super-wet surface, comprising an anode plate 1 and a cathode plate 2 which are oppositely arranged.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the inner sides of the anode and cathode plates 1 and 2 each have hot end wick 3 and cold end wick 4.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the structure forming hot-end wick 3 includes an ultra-lyophilic micro-cone array 5 machined into anode plate 1 and cathode plate 2. Lyophilic array nano structures 6 are distributed on the surface of the super lyophilic micro conical array 5.
The structure of the cold-end liquid absorption core 4 comprises an ultra-lyophobic micro-cone array 7 processed on the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 and a plurality of wedge-shaped ultra-lyophilic patterns 8 processed in the ultra-lyophobic micro-cone array 7. Lyophobic array nano structures 9 are distributed on the surface of the super lyophobic micro conical array 7. The bottom surface of the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern 8 is processed with a plurality of micron secondary channels 10.
The micron conical array is a structure formed by distributing a plurality of cones according to an array, and the super-lyophilic micron conical array 5 is a micron conical array processed on the substrate of the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 and has super-lyophilic performance. The super lyophobic micro cone array 7 is a micro cone array with super lyophobic performance (through chemical bonds and the like) obtained through treatment on the basis that the micro cone array is processed on the substrate of the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2. The lyophilic and lyophobic array nanostructures 6 and 9 refer to nanoscale structures, such as nanotubes, nanowires, nano papillary structures, and the like. The wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern 8 refers to a wedge-shaped groove (relative to the surrounding remaining cone) structure processed on the basis of the super lyophobic micro cone array 7.
The wedge-shaped super lyophilic patterns 8 point from the cold end to the hot end from the narrow to wide direction and are connected to the hot end liquid absorption core 3. The micro secondary channels 10 are arranged in the same direction as the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern 8.
Wherein, the diameter, the height and the spacing of the cone bottom of each cone of the super lyophilic micro cone array 5 and the super lyophobic micro cone array 7 are 50-500 μm.
The depth of the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns 8 is 50-500 μm, the width of the narrow end is 10-100 μm, the width of the wide end is 1000 μm plus 100 μm, and the distribution distance between the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns 8 is 1000 μm plus 100 μm plus.
The width and depth of the micrometer sub-channels 10 are 10-50 μm.
The outer side surfaces of the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 are respectively provided with a fuel flow passage 11 and a radiating fin 12. The fuel flow channel 11 is located on the outer side surface of the corresponding position of the hot-end liquid absorption core 3, and the radiating fins 12 are located on the outer side surface of the corresponding position of the cold-end liquid absorption core 4.
The directions of the fuel flow channels 11 on the outer side surfaces of the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 are mutually vertical, and one direction is consistent with the direction of the cold end pointing to the hot end.
The side of the anode plate 1 and the side of the cathode plate 2, which is provided with the liquid absorption cores, are opposite to each other and welded and sealed to form a heat pipe pole plate, and the working medium in the heat pipe pole plate is water, sodium or potassium.
The anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 are made of titanium or stainless steel.
The ultra-lyophilic micro-cone array 5 and the ultra-lyophobic micro-cone array 7 are manufactured by nanosecond or ultra-fast laser processing. The lyophilic and lyophobic array nanostructures 6 and 9 are fabricated by electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching. The super lyophobic performance of the super lyophobic micron conical array 7 is prepared by soaking a fluorosilane ethanol solution or processing a fluorocarbon film by chemical vapor deposition. The wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern 8 is made by nanosecond or ultra-fast laser processing. The micron secondary channel 10 is manufactured by nanosecond or ultrafast laser processing in a line scanning manner.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the processing method of the hot-end liquid absorbing core and the cold-end liquid absorbing core includes the following steps:
s1, processing a micrometer conical array on one end of a titanium or stainless steel substrate by utilizing nanosecond or ultrafast laser, wherein the substrate refers to a plate body before processing each structure of an anode plate and a cathode plate, nanosecond laser processing parameters are 1-10W of power, 40-120kHz of frequency and 100-1000mm/S of scanning speed, and a scanning path is shown in figure 6.
S2, processing a lyophobic array nano structure 9 on the surface of the micrometer conical array obtained in the step S1 through electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching, and obtaining super lyophobic performance through soaking in a fluorosilane ethanol solution or chemical vapor deposition of a fluorocarbon film to obtain the super lyophobic micrometer conical array 7.
And S3, processing the micron conical array at the other end of the substrate by using nanosecond or femtosecond laser to obtain the super lyophilic micron conical array 5, wherein nanosecond laser processing parameters are the same as those of S1.
And S4, processing a lyophilic array nano structure 6 on the surface of the super-lyophilic micro-cone array 5 obtained in the step S3 through electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching, and further obtaining a hot-end liquid absorbing core 3, wherein before the electrochemical anodic oxidation or the chemical etching is carried out, the super-lyophobic micro-cone array 7 obtained in the step S2 is protected by PDMS or paraffin, and after the electrochemical anodic oxidation or the chemical etching is finished, the PDMS or the paraffin is removed.
And S5, processing the wedge-shaped super lyophilic patterns 8 on the super lyophobic micro conical array 7 obtained in the S2 by using nanosecond or femtosecond laser, wherein the laser processing parameters are the same as those in the S1.
And S6, processing the micron secondary channel 10 in the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic pattern 8 obtained in the S5 by using nanosecond or femtosecond laser, wherein the processing mode of the micron secondary channel 10 is line scanning, and the scanning path is shown in FIG. 7.
As shown in fig. 8, the present invention also provides a fuel cell stack including a plurality of heat pipe plates 13, a plurality of electrode groups 14, and two end plates 15. The heat pipe plates and the electrode group 14 are stacked at intervals, and two end plates 15 are respectively provided at both ends.
The electrode group is a membrane electrode group, and the fuel cell stack formed by the electrode group is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack. Alternatively, the electrode group is an electrode group composed of a cathode, an anode and an intermediate electrolyte, and the fuel cell stack composed of them is a solid oxide fuel cell.
In a specific embodiment, the anode plate and the cathode plate are made of TA1 pure titanium, the super-lyophilic micro-cone array and the super-lyophobic micro-cone array are manufactured by nanosecond laser processing, the nanosecond laser processing parameters are 3W in power, 100kHz in frequency and 500mm/s in scanning speed, and the scanning path is as shown in fig. 6; the diameter of the cone base of the micro cone array is 100 μm, the height is 200 μm, and the interval is 150 μm. The lyophilic array nano structure 6 and the lyophobic array nano structure 9 are manufactured by electrochemical anodic oxidation processing, the electrochemical anodic oxidation electrolyte is 0.5 wt% hydrofluoric acid water solution, the oxidation voltage is 25V, and the oxidation time is 15min, so that the nanotube array structure is obtained. The super lyophobic performance of the super lyophobic micron conical array is prepared by soaking 1 wt% of fluorosilane ethanol solution. In S4, the ultralyophobic micro-cone array is protected with paraffin wax. The wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns are manufactured through nanosecond laser processing, the depth of the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns obtained through processing is 100 micrometers, the width of a narrow end is 10 micrometers, the width of a wide end is 100 micrometers, and the distribution distance between the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns is 200 micrometers. The micron secondary channel is manufactured by nanosecond laser processing in a line scanning mode, the scanning path is as shown in fig. 7, and the width and the depth of the micron secondary channel are 10 μm. The back of the hot end liquid suction core is provided with a fuel flow passage for hydrogen and oxygen, and the back of the cold end liquid suction core is provided with a sheet-shaped radiating fin. The heat pipe polar plates and the electrode groups are stacked at intervals, and end plates are arranged at the two ends to form a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack; wherein, the electrode group is a membrane electrode group.
In another specific embodiment, the anode plate and the cathode plate are made of CROFER 22H stainless steel, the ultra-lyophilic micro-cone array and the ultra-lyophobic micro-cone array are manufactured by nanosecond laser processing, the nanosecond laser processing parameters are power 15W, frequency 100kHz and scanning speed 500mm/s, and the scanning path is as shown in FIG. 6; the diameter of the cone base of the micro cone array is 100 μm, the height is 200 μm, and the spacing is 200 μm. The lyophilic array nanostructure 6 and the lyophobic array nanostructure 9 are manufactured by chemical etching, the chemical etching is carried out in a water bath environment, the etching solution is 15 wt% hydrochloric acid water solution, the etching time is 30min, and the water bath temperature is 50 ℃, so that the nano mastoid structure is obtained. The super lyophobic performance of the super lyophobic micron conical array is prepared by soaking 1 wt% of fluorosilane ethanol solution. In S4, the ultralyophobic micro-cone array is protected with PDMS. The wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns are manufactured through nanosecond laser processing, the depth of the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns obtained through processing is 500 micrometers, the width of a narrow end is 50 micrometers, the width of a wide end is 200 micrometers, and the distribution distance between the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns is 400 micrometers. The micron secondary channel is manufactured through nanosecond laser processing in a line scanning mode, the scanning path is as shown in figure 7, and the width of the micron secondary channel is 20 microns, and the depth of the micron secondary channel is 40 microns. The back of the hot end liquid suction core is provided with a fuel flow passage for hydrogen and oxygen, and the back of the cold end liquid suction core is provided with a sheet-shaped radiating fin. The heat pipe polar plates and the electrode groups are stacked at intervals, and end plates are arranged at two ends to form a solid oxide fuel cell stack; wherein, the electrode group is a membrane electrode group.
According to the fuel flow channel with the heat pipe liquid absorption core and the fuel cell polar plate integrated monolithically, the designed and processed super-lyophilic micro conical array with the lyophilic array nano structure strengthens capillary diffusion and hot end evaporation heat absorption, as shown in fig. 9, the curvature of a vapor bubble 16 on the super-lyophilic micro conical structure is smaller, the saturated vapor pressure is smaller, and the evaporation heat absorption is strengthened; the designed and processed ultra-lyophobic micro-cone array with the lyophobic array nano structure is combined with the wedge-shaped ultra-lyophilic pattern with the micro secondary channel to strengthen cold end condensation heat release and condensate capillary reflux, as shown in fig. 10, the drop-shaped condensate 17 in the ultra-lyophobic micro-cone structure is driven by upward laplace pressure to bounce off the surface, and condensation heat release is strengthened. The single-chip integrated heat pipe liquid absorption core, the polar plate fuel flow channel and the air-cooled radiating fins of the invention comprehensively optimize the interface thermal resistance, capillary level, evaporation heat absorption and condensation heat release performance, realize high-efficiency heat dissipation, and have great potential application value in the aspects of designing and manufacturing high heat flow density microelectronic devices and high-performance heat pipe radiating fuel cells.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat pipe polar plate for a fuel cell constructed by utilizing a non-uniform wetting super-wetting surface is characterized in that:
comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate which are oppositely arranged;
the inner side surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively provided with a hot end liquid absorbing core and a cold end liquid absorbing core;
the structure for forming the hot-end liquid absorption core comprises a super-lyophilic micro-conical array processed on an anode plate and a cathode plate, and lyophilic array nano-structures are distributed on the surface of the super-lyophilic micro-conical array;
the structure forming the cold-end liquid absorption core comprises an ultra-lyophobic micro conical array processed on the anode plate and the cathode plate and a plurality of wedge-shaped ultra-lyophilic patterns processed in the ultra-lyophobic micro conical array;
lyophobic array nanostructures are distributed on the surface of the super lyophobic micro conical array;
a plurality of micron secondary channels are processed on the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern;
the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern points from the cold end to the hot end from the narrow to wide direction and is connected to a hot end liquid suction core; the arrangement direction of the micron secondary channel is the same as that of the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern;
the outer side surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively provided with a fuel flow channel and a radiating fin, the fuel flow channel is positioned on the outer side surface of the corresponding position of the hot-end liquid absorption core, and the radiating fin is positioned on the outer side surface of the corresponding position of the cold-end liquid absorption core;
the side of the anode plate and the side of the cathode plate, which is provided with the liquid absorption cores, are opposite to each other and are welded and sealed to form a heat pipe pole plate, and the working medium in the heat pipe pole plate is water, sodium or potassium.
2. The heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed with a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the diameter, height and spacing of the cone bottom of each cone of the super lyophilic micro cone array and the super lyophobic micro cone array are 50-500 mu m.
3. The heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed with a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the depth of the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns is 50-500 mu m, the width of the narrow end is 10-100 mu m, the width of the wide end is 1000 mu m plus 100 mu m, and the distribution distance between the wedge-shaped super-lyophilic patterns is 1000 mu m plus 100 mu m.
4. The heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed with a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the width and depth of the micron secondary channel is 10-50 μm.
5. The heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed with a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the anode plate and the cathode plate are made of titanium or stainless steel.
6. The heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed with a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the super lyophilic micro conical array and the super lyophobic micro conical array are manufactured by nanosecond or ultrafast laser processing;
the lyophilic array nano structure and the lyophobic array nano structure are manufactured by electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching processing.
7. The heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed with a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the super-lyophobic performance of the super-lyophobic micron conical array is prepared by soaking a fluorosilane ethanol solution or processing a fluorocarbon film through chemical vapor deposition.
8. The heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed with a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern is manufactured through nanosecond or ultra-fast laser processing;
the micron secondary channel is manufactured through nanosecond or ultra-fast laser processing, and the processing mode is line scanning.
9. The heat pipe plate for a fuel cell constructed with a non-uniformly wetted super-wetted surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the processing method of the hot end liquid absorbing core and the cold end liquid absorbing core comprises the following steps:
s1, processing a micron conical array at one end of a titanium or stainless steel substrate by utilizing nanosecond or ultrafast laser, wherein nanosecond laser processing parameters are that the power is 1-10W, the frequency is 40-120kHz, and the scanning speed is 100-;
s2, processing a lyophobic array nanostructure on the surface of the micrometer conical array obtained in the S1 through electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching, and obtaining super lyophobic performance through soaking in a fluorosilane ethanol solution or chemical vapor deposition of a fluorocarbon film to obtain a super lyophobic micrometer conical array;
s3, processing the micron conical array at the other end of the substrate by using nanosecond or femtosecond laser to obtain the super-lyophilic micron conical array, wherein nanosecond laser processing parameters are the same as those of S1;
s4, processing a lyophilic array nano structure on the surface of the super-lyophilic micro-cone array obtained in the step S3 through electrochemical anodic oxidation or chemical etching, and further obtaining a hot-end liquid suction core, wherein before the electrochemical anodic oxidation or the chemical etching is carried out, the super-lyophobic micro-cone array obtained in the step S2 is protected by PDMS or paraffin, and after the electrochemical anodic oxidation or the chemical etching is finished, the PDMS or the paraffin is removed;
s5, processing wedge-shaped super lyophilic patterns on the super lyophobic micron conical array obtained in the S2 by utilizing nanosecond or femtosecond laser, wherein laser processing parameters are the same as those of S1;
and S6, processing the micron secondary channel in the wedge-shaped super lyophilic pattern obtained in the S5 by using nanosecond or femtosecond laser, wherein the processing mode of the micron secondary channel is line scanning.
10. A fuel cell stack characterized by:
comprising a plurality of heat pipe plates according to any one of claims 1 to 9, a plurality of electrode sets and two end plates;
the heat pipe polar plates and the electrode groups are stacked at intervals, and the two end plates are respectively arranged at the two ends;
the electrode group is a membrane electrode group, and the fuel cell stack formed by the electrode group is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack; alternatively, the electrode group is an electrode group composed of a cathode, an anode and an intermediate electrolyte, and the fuel cell stack composed of the electrode group is a solid oxide fuel cell stack.
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| CN202110213333.2A CN113013434B (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | Heat pipe polar plate for fuel cell constructed by non-uniform wetting super-wetting surface |
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| CN113013434B true CN113013434B (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1886845A (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-12-27 | 3M创新有限公司 | Fuel cell end plate assembly |
| JP2008134043A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-06-12 | Canon Inc | Heat transfer control mechanism, and fuel cell system installed with heat transfer mechanism |
| CN110408933A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-11-05 | 南京理工大学 | It is a kind of to cooperate with the surface catchmented and preparation method with patterning parent/hydrophobic region |
| CN111879158A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-03 | 杭州威纳激光科技有限公司 | Partition-optimized 0.1-0.4mm ultrathin VC and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050026015A1 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-03 | Amir Faghri | Micro heat pipe embedded bipolar plate for fuel cell stacks |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1886845A (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-12-27 | 3M创新有限公司 | Fuel cell end plate assembly |
| JP2008134043A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-06-12 | Canon Inc | Heat transfer control mechanism, and fuel cell system installed with heat transfer mechanism |
| CN110408933A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-11-05 | 南京理工大学 | It is a kind of to cooperate with the surface catchmented and preparation method with patterning parent/hydrophobic region |
| CN111879158A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-03 | 杭州威纳激光科技有限公司 | Partition-optimized 0.1-0.4mm ultrathin VC and preparation method thereof |
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